Unit 2
Lesson 1: Evidence and
Technology during Pre-Historic
Times
Objectives:
✣ Describe the development of science and
technology during this time;
✣ Determine the significance and impact of the
development of science and technology to the
society.
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A. The Dawn of the First Civilization
o Ancient humans were able to discover
and invent tools and methods as science
developed and progressed. With the
availability of new scientific instruments
and techniques, archeology excavation
has provided us with data and evidences.
Facts have been unearth and revealed
that even during primitive time, people
have already developed skills and
technologies which 3 served and supplied
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B. Evidence of Science and Technology during
Pre-Historic Time (3000-5000 B. C.)
o Man`s achievements in science can
be categorized as:
a. discovery (recognition and
observation of new objects);
b. invention (mental process
wherein man`s various discoveries,
observation, and experience are put
together to produce new ways
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B. Evidence of Science and Technology during
Pre-Historic Time (3000-5000 B. C.)
o This period was marked by which stone
Stone Age:
was widely used to make tools and implements.
Dated roughly 3.4 million years ago, and in about
8000 BC this era was divided into three separate
periods-Paleolithic Period (Early), Mesolithic
Period (Middle), and Neolithic Period (New)-based
on the degree of sophistication in the fashioning
and use of tools.
o It is believed tool making began very early in the
olden times. The era of Australopithecus and
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B. Evidence of Science and Technology during
Pre-Historic Time (3000-5000 B. C.)
o Tools developed gradually from single to all-
purpose tools to a collection of varied and highly
specialized types of tools, each designed to serve
in connection with a specific function. The trend
was from a stage of non specialization to stages
of relatively high degrees of specialization. In the
manufacture of stone implements, four
fundamental traditions were developed by the
Paleolithic ancestors:
(1) Pebbiletool traditions:
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B. Evidence of Science and Technology during
Pre-Historic Time (3000-5000 B. C.)
o Stone tools were made from a variety
of stones: flint and chert were
shaped 0r chipped for use as cutting
tools. flakes. blades and weapons;
Flaking was able to Produce l Wide
range of special tools that was used
for cutting, chopping, scraping and
sawing. Basalt and sandstone were
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B. Evidence of Science and Technology during
Pre-Historic Time (3000-5000 B. C.)
o The Early Stone Ageincludes the most basic
stone toolkits made by early humans.
The oldest stone tools, known as the
Oldowan toolkit, consist of hammer stones
that show battering on their surfaces;
stone cores that show a series of
flake scars along One or more edges;
and sharp stone flakes that were
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B. Evidence of Science and Technology during
Pre-Historic Time (3000-5000 B. C.)
o During middle Paleolithic time, the
pace of innovation
in stone technology began to accelerate.
Hand axes were made with exquisite
craftsmanship, and eventually gave way to
smaller, more diverse toolkits, with an
emphasis on flake tools rather than larger
core tools. One of the main innovations
was the application of ‘prepared core
technique,’ in which
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a core was carefully
B. Evidence of Science and Technology during
Pre-Historic Time (3000-5000 B. C.)
o Middle toolkits included points,
Stone Age
which could be hafted on the shafts to
make spears. When smaller points were
eventually made, they were attached to
smaller, sleeker shafts to make darts,
arrows, and other projectile weapons.
Stone awls have been used to perforate
hides and scrapers. Many important
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Sample of Stone Age Tools
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B. Evidence of Science and Technology during
Pre-Historic Time (3000-5000 B. C.)
o The Neolithic was characterized
primarily by herding societiEs, as
we“ as bronze smelting, adoption of
agriculture, the shift _from food
gathering to food producing,
development of pottery using'
sediments and day. Agricuhure was
devebped and certain animals were
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B. Evidence of Science and Technology during
Pre-Historic Time (3000-5000 B. C.)
o Bronze Age:The Bronze Age is the second
principal period of the three-age Stone
Bronze-lron system and generally followed
the Neolithic period. This period is marked
With the beginning of mining and metallurgy.
Bronze denotes the first period in which metal
was used. man began smelting copper and
alloying with tin or arsenic to make bronze
tools and weapons. Copper-tin ores are rare,
as reflected in the fact
15 that there were no tin
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Sample of Bronze Tools
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B. Evidence of Science and Technology during
Pre-Historic Time (3000-5000 B. C.)
o Iron Age is
the period of time in prehistory when
the dominant tool making material was iron.
Preceded by the Stone Age and Bronze Age,
the transition from Bronze Age occurred at
different times in different places on Earth. As
the name suggests,1ron age Technology is
characterized by the production of tools and
weaponry using ferrous metallurgy or iron
work more specially from carbon steel.
Meteoric iron has been 18 used by humans since
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Do you know?
Fire was the most important discovery and
invention of man in the Paleolithic era. The
use of fire led to various ways of preparing
and cooking food and inventions of suitable
food containers and utensils.
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Movie Review
o Watch the movie “The Flintstones” and answer the following
questions:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a6iWd6_xTZ4&list=PLdSCW5oy
1tHmEVTAbo7swhUeGUIDixhJU&index=3
1. What particular period is depicted in the movie? Justify your
answer.
2. Name some of the tools and their function that were
introduced in this movie.
3. What are the values you learned from the movie? Justify
your answer.
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THANK YOU
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References:
✣ Aldea, K.I., Caronan, H.P., and Candido, M.
B., Science, Technology, and Society (2018),
Books Atbp. Publishing Corp.
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