ESD5500E Series

Speed Control Unit

1 SPECIFICATIONS 2 INTRODUCTION
The ESD5500E Series are all-electronic devices designed to control engine
PERFORMANCE
speed quickly and precisely in response to transient load changes. The ES-
Isochronous Operation ± 0.25% or better D5500E will control a wide variety of engines in an isochronous or droop mode
when connected to a proportional electric actuator and magnetic speed sensor.
Speed Range / Governor 1 - 7.5 KHz Continuous
The ruggedly built ESD5500E is designed to withstand the engine environment.
Speed Drift with Temperature ±1% Maximum Light-Force variations are available.
Idle Adjust CW 60% of Set Speed MODELS
Idle Adjust CCW Less than 1200 Hz
PROD. NO. DESCRIPTION
Droop Range 1 - 5% regulation
ESD5500E Standard Unit
Droop Adj. Max. (K-L Jumpered) 400 Hz., ±75 Hz per 1.0 A change
ESD5520E Light Force
Droop Adj. Min. (K-L Jumpered) 15 Hz., ±75 Hz per 1.0 A change
Light Force / EFC Forward Acting / Enhanced Droop / Smoke
ESD5522E Limiting
Speed Trim Range ± 200 Hz
Remote Variable Speed Range 500 - 7.5 KHz ESD5526E For Use With T1 & T2 ATB Gas Applications / Anti Windup
Terminal Sensitivity ESD5528E For Use With T3 & T4 ATB Gas Applications / Anti Windup
J 100 Hz., ±15 Hz/Volt @ 5.0 K Impedance
L 735 Hz., ±60 Hz/Volt @ 65 K Impedance
N 148 Hz., ±10 Hz/Volt @ 1 Meg Impedance
P 10 VDC Supply @ 20 mA Max
3 INSTALLATION & OUTLINE DIAGRAM

INPUT / OUTPUT Vertical orientation

allows fluids to drain
DC Supply 12-24 VDC Battery Systems in moist environ-
Transient and Reverse Voltage Protected ments.

Polarity Negative Ground (Case Isolated)

Avoid Extreme Heat
Power Consumption 50mA continuous plus actuator current

Speed Signal Range 1.0-50 VAC Mount in a cabinet,

engine enclosure, or
Actuator Current Range Min. 1.0 A sealed metal box.
@ 77°F (25°C) Max. 10 A
Speed Sensor Signal 1.0 - 120 Volts RMS

RELIABILITY

Vibration 1G @ 20-100 Hz

Testing 100% Functionally Tested

ENVIRONMENTAL

Ambient Temperature -40° to 85°C (-40 to 180°F)

Relative Humidity up to 95%

All Surface Finishes Fungus Proof and Corrosion Resistant

COMPLIANCE / STANDARDS

Agency CE and RoHS Requirements

PHYSICAL

Dimension See Wiring Diagram and Outline

Weight 1.2 lb. (0.544 kg)

Mounting Any position, Vertical Preferred in

Dimensions
(mm)

ESD5500E Series Speed Control Unit 10.27.15 PIB 1002 D

1 © 2015 Copyright All Rights Reserved
 4 WIRING 6 START THE ENGINE
The speed control unit governed speed setting is factory set at approximately
PICK-UP BATTERY DROOP 10V engine idle speed. (1000 Hz., Speed sensor signal or 600 RPM) If the engine
IDLE OUTPUT
ACTUATOR
- + AUX does not start, adjustment of the Speed potentiometer may be required.
A B C D E F G H J K L M N P
GROUND TO CASE GROUND TO CASE Crank the engine with DC power applied to the governor system. The actuator
will energize to the maximum fuel position until the engine starts. The governor
system should control the engine at a low idle speed. If the engine is unstable
OPTIONAL ACTUATOR ACCESSORY POWER after starting, refer to Section 8 ADJUSTING FOR STABILITY.
CABLE SHIELDING TO SUPPLY

7
MEET CE DIRECTIVE

*
ACCESSORY INPUT GOVERNOR SPEED SETTING
ADD JUMPER FOR 12V

ACTUATOR
BATTERY OR ACTUATOR
CURRENTS ABOVE 5A
The governed speed set point is increased by clockwise rotation of the
CW GROUND REFERENCE SPEED adjustment control. Remote speed adjustment can be obtained with
MAGNETIC
CLOSE FOR DROOP
an optional 5K Speed Trim Control.
PICK-UP

_
SPEED TRIM
CONTROL - 5K CLOSE FOR IDLE
SPEED IDLE
+ S1
FUSE
RAMPING
BATTERY 15A MAX

* SEE SPECIFIC ACTUATOR PUBLICATION FOR PROPER

WIRING OF ACTUATOR BASED ON BATTERY VOLTAGE

TERMINAL DEFINITION NOTES SPEED

A&B Actuator (+/-) #16 AWG (1.3mm sq) or larger wire
Wires must be twisted and/or shielded DROOP DROOP
for their entire length IDLE
Magnetic Speed Gap between speed sensor and gear 8 ADJUSTING FOR STABILITY
C&D Pickup teeth should not be smaller than 0.02 in.
(D is ground) (.51mm) Once the engine is running at operating speed and at no load, the following
governor performance adjustments can be made to increase engine stability.
Speed sensor voltage needs to be at
least 1V AC RMS during crank STABILITY
#16 AWG (1.3mm sq) or larger wire E3
DEAD TIME
A 15 amp fuse must be installed in the E2 COMPENSATION
E&F Battery Power (-/+) Positive battery lead to protect against GAIN JUMPER
E1
reverse voltage

Battery positive (+) input is Terminal F

G Ground Signal SPEED
STABILITY ADJUSTMENT
H Add Jumper for 12V Battery or Actuator
Currents Above 5A PARAMETER PROCEDURE
5K Resistive Nominal. See Section10 A. GAIN 1. Rotate the GAIN adjustment clockwise until instability
J Variable Speed
Table 1 develops.
K&L Droop Select Active When Closed 2. Then, gradually move the adjustment counterclock-
M Idle Select Close for Idle wise until stability returns.

Load Sharing / Synchronizing, 0-10 3. Finally, move the adjustment one division further
N Accessory Input counterclockwise to insure stable performance (270°
VDC
potentiometer).
Accessory Power 4.
P 10 Volt Output If instability persists, adjust the next parameter.
Supply
B. STABILITY 1. Follow the same adjustment procedure, steps 1 - 3,
RECOMMENDATIONS as the GAIN parameter.
1. Shielded cable should be used for all external connections to the ESD Normally, adjustments made at no load achieve satisfactory
control. NOTE
performance. If further performance improvements are required,
refer to Section (12) SYSTEM TROUBLESHOOTING.
2. One end of each shield, including the speed sensor shield, should be
grounded to a single point on the ESD case.

5 ADJUSTMENTS BEFORE ENGINE STARTUP

Make sure the following adjustments are set before starting the engine.
GAIN Middle Position
STABILITY Middle Position
SPEED TRIM CONTROL Middle Position
STARTING FUEL Full CW (Maximum Fuel)
SPEED RAMPING Full CCW (Fastest)

ESD5500E Series Speed Control Unit 10.27.15 PIB1002 D

2 © 2015 Copyright All Rights Reserved
 9 STARTING FUEL ADJUSTMENT 11 ADDITIONAL FEATURES & OPTIONAL WIRING
The engine’s exhaust smoke at start-up can be minimized by completing the
following adjustments: IDLE SPEED SETTING

ADJUSTMENT PROCEDURE If the IDLE speed setting was not adjusted as detailed in Section 9 “Starting Fuel
Adjustment”, then place the optional external selector switch in the IDLE position.
1. Place the engine in idle by connecting Terminals M & G. The idle speed set point is increased by the clockwise rotation of the IDLE adjust-
ment control. When the engine is at idle speed, the speed control unit applies droop
2. Adjust the IDLE speed for as low a speed setting as the application to the governor system to insure stable operation.
allows.
SPEED IDLE
3. Adjust the STARTING FUEL CCW until the engine speed begins to fall. RAMPING
Increase the STARTING FUEL slightly so that the idle speed is returned
to the desired level.

4. Stop the engine. SPEED

STABILITY
NTROL UNIT SPEED IDLE
RAMPING DROOP
SD5500E DROOP
IDLE
GAIN LEAD CIRCUIT & SOFT COUPLING
U.S.A. SPEED Switch 1(C1) controls the “Lead Circuit”. The normal position is “ON.” Move the
switch to the “OFF” position if there is fast instability in the system. Switch 2(C2)
STARTING SPEED controls a circuit designed to eliminate fast erratic governor behavior, caused by
RAMPING DROOP DROOP
FUEL very soft or worn couplings in the drive train between the engine and generator.
IDLE
The normal position is “OFF.” Move to the “ON” position if fast erratic engine
10 TWO METHODS OF OPERATION behavior due to a soft coupling is experienced

One of two methods of operation for the ESD5500E may now be selected.
C1 OFF ON C2
METHOD 1 LEAD CIRCUIT SOFT COUPLING
ON OFF IDLE
Start the engine and accelerate directly to the operating speed (Generator Sets,
etc.).
PROCEDURE
1. Remove the connection between Terminals M & G. SPEED

2. Start the engine and adjust the SPEED RAMPING for the least smoke on DROOP
acceleration from idle to rated speed.

3. Start the engine and adjust the SPEED RAMPING for the least smoke on ACCESSORY INPUT
acceleration from idle to rated speed.
The Auxiliary Terminal N accepts input signals from load sharing units, auto
4.
AC
If the starting time is too long, the STARTING FUEL may need to be
adjusted slightly
ORP. CW.
synchronizers, and other governor system accessories, GAC accessories are
directly connected to this terminal.
STABILITY
SPEED CONTROL UNIT NOTE Terminal N is sensitive. Accessory connections must be shielded.

ESD5500E When an accessory is connected to Terminal N, the speed will decrease and the
speed adjustment must be reset.
GAIN
U.S.A.
When operating in the upper end of the control unit frequency range, a jumper
wire or frequency trim control may be required between Terminals G and J. This
SPEED increases the frequency range of the speed control to over 7000 Hz.
STARTING
FUEL RAMPING
If the auto synchronizer is used alone, not in conjunction with a load sharing module,
METHOD 2 a 3 ohm resister should be connected between Terminals N and P. This is required
to match the voltage levels between the speed control unit and the synchronizer.
Start the engine and maintain at an idle speed for a period of time prior to accel-
erating to the operating speed. This method separates the starting process so Accessory Supply
that each may be optimized for the lowest smoke emissions.
The +10 volt regulated supply, Terminal P, can be utilized to provide power to
PROCEDURE GAC governor system accessories. Up to 20 mA of current can be drawn from
1. Replace the connection between Terminals M & G with a toggle switch this supply. Ground reference is Terminal G.
or a normally open water jacket temperature switch. Other optical switch
combinations can be used. CAUTION A short circuit on this terminal can damage the speed control unit.

2. Start the engine.

3. If the starting smoke is excessive, the STARTING FUEL may need to be

adjusted slightly CCW.
4.
If the starting time is too long, the STARTING FUEL may need to be
adjusted slightly CW.

5. When the switch opens, adjust the SPEED RAMPING for the least
amount of smoke when accelerating from idle speed to rated speed.
ESD5500E Series Speed Control Unit 10.27.15 PIB1002E D
3 © 2015 Copyright All Rights Reserved
 WIDE RANGE REMOTE VARIABLE SPEED OPERATION POTENTIOMETER WIRING

A single remote speed adjustment potentiometer can be used to adjust the engine G J K L
speed continuously over a specific speed range.

Select the desired speed range and corresponding potentiometer value. (Refer to
TABLE 1 below) If the exact range cannot be found, select the next higher range
*
potentiometer.
CW
To maintain engine stability at the minimum speed setting, a small amount of
droop can be added using the DROOP adjustment. At the maximum speed set- * Select proper potentiometer
ting the governor performance will be near isochronous, regardless of the droop value from Table 1
adjustment setting. The ESD5000 series of controllers have the ability to expand the
NOTE
speed range by placing a jumper wire across terminals G and J.
An additional fixed resistor may be placed across the potentiom- The standard range is 7400 Hz however this is based on the operating speed
NOTE
eter to obtain the exact desired range. Connect the speed range and the number of flywheel teeth (see formula). If you application is above this
potentiometer as shown to the right using Terminals G and J. Contact GAC for frequency, or near it – place the jumper and test again. This is an important step
assistance if difficulty is experienced in obtaining the desired variable speed if your engine is not able to reach rated speed but the actuator is not saturated.
governing performance.
SPEED DROOP OPERATION
TABLE 1
Droop is typically used for the paralleling of engine driven generators. When in
SPEED FREQUENCY RANGE POTENTIOMETER VALUE droop operation, the engine speed will decrease as engine load increases. The
percentage of droop is based on the actuator current change from no engine
900 Hz 1K load to full load.
2400 Hz 5K
Place the optional external selector switch in the DROOP position. DROOP is
3000 Hz 10 K increased by clockwise rotation of the DROOP adjustment control.
3500 Hz 25 K
After the droop level has been adjusted, the rated engine speed setting may
3700 Hz 50 K need to be reset. Check the engines speed and adjust that speed setting ac-
cordingly.
Conversion Formulas
(RPM x #Teeth) (HertzMAG PICKUP x 60sec) Though a wide range of droop is available with the internal control,
HertzMAG PICKUP = RPM = NOTE
60sec droop level requirements of 10% are unusual. If droop levels ex-
#Teeth
perienced are higher or lower than those required, contact GAC for assistance.

12 TROUBLESHOOTING
If the engine governing system does not function, the fault may be determined by performing the voltage tests described in Steps 1 through 4. Positive (+) and nega-
tive (-) refer to meter polarity. Should normal values be indicated during troubleshooting steps, and then the fault may be with the actuator or the wiring to the actuator.
Tests are performed with battery power on and the engine off, except where noted. See actuator publication for testing procedure on the actuator.
SYSTEM INOPERATIVE

STEP WIRES NORMAL READING PROBABLE CAUSE OF ABNORMAL READING

1. DC battery power not connected. Check for blown fuse.
Battery Supply
1 F(+) & E(-) Voltage 2. Low battery voltage
(12 or 24 VDC)
3. Wiring error
1. Gap between speed sensor and gear teeth too great. Check Gap.
1.0 VAC RMS min. 2. Improper or defective wiring to the speed sensor. Resistance between D and C should be 160 to 1200 ohms.
2 C(+) & D(-) while cranking See specific mag pickup data for resistance.

3. Defective speed sensor.

1. Short on Terminal P.
10 VDC, Internal
3 P(+) & G(-) Supply
2. Defective speed control unit.
1. SPEED parameter set too low

1.0 - 2.0 VDC while 2. Short/open in actuator wiring

4 F(+) & A(-)
cranking
3. Defective speed control

4. Defective actuator, see Actuator Troubleshooting

ESD5500E Series Speed Control Unit 10.27.15 PIB1002E D

4
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