BIOLOGY CLASS RULES
Ground rules Grading system
1. Punctuality (-5 points) • 20% qualitative evaluation:
2. Respect each other - Notebook
3. Take care of the classroom - Auto evaluation
4. ENGLISH AT ALL TIMES - Correct use of the vocabulary
5. No cellphones and respect (-2 points)
6. No eating, only drinking water • 20% final exam:
7. Use of “botellas de amor”
- Divided in two exams
8. Leave the chairs organized
• 60% biology topics and
indicators
Cell Discovery and Theory
History of the Cell Theory
• A cell is the basic structural and functional unit of all living organisms.
• Cells are so small that their existence was unknown before the invention of
microscopes.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4OpBylwH9DU Cell Discovery and Theory
History of the Cell Theory
The cell theory
• The cell theory is one of the fundamental ideas of modern biology, and
includes the following three principles:
1. All living organisms are composed of one or more cells.
2. Cells are the basic unit of structure and organization of all living
organisms.
3. Cells arise only from previously existing cells, with cells passing
copies of their genetic material on to their daughter cells.
Cell Discovery and Theory
Basic Cell Types
Eukaryotic cells Prokaryotic cells
Cell Discovery and Theory
Basic Cell Types
• Eukaryotic cells contain a nucleus and other organelles.
• Organelles are specialized structures that perform specific cell functions.
• The nucleus is the distinct central organelle that contains the cell’s genetic
material.
• Eukaryotic cells are generally much larger than prokaryotic cells.
Cell Discovery and Theory
Basic Cell Types
• Prokaryotic cells are cells without a nucleus or other membrane-bound
organelles.
• Smaller and simpler than eukaryotes
• Probably similar to first organisms that lived on earth
Cell Discovery and Theory
The cell membrane
• All cells have at least one physical trait in common: a plasma membrane.
• A plasma membrane is a special boundary that helps control what enters and
leaves the cell.
• Most cells contain genetic material in some form.
• Most cells break down molecules to generate energy.
Cell Discovery and Theory