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Khan2020 - Visual System

The document discusses several key aspects of sensation and the visual system: 1) It outlines Weber's Law which states that for a difference between two stimuli to be perceived, the difference must be a constant proportion, such as 8% for light intensity. 2) It discusses sensory adaptation where sensitivity is diminished with constant stimulation. 3) It describes the visual system including how light falls on photoreceptors in the eye which are rods and cones, and how this generates neural messages sent to the brain via the optic nerve.

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Harshit Shrivastava
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33 views9 pages

Khan2020 - Visual System

The document discusses several key aspects of sensation and the visual system: 1) It outlines Weber's Law which states that for a difference between two stimuli to be perceived, the difference must be a constant proportion, such as 8% for light intensity. 2) It discusses sensory adaptation where sensitivity is diminished with constant stimulation. 3) It describes the visual system including how light falls on photoreceptors in the eye which are rods and cones, and how this generates neural messages sent to the brain via the optic nerve.

Uploaded by

Harshit Shrivastava
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Sensation

• Weber’s Law- to perceive a difference between


two stimuli, they must differ by a constant
proportion
– light intensity- 8%
– weight- 2%
– tone frequency- 0.3%
• Sensory adaptation- diminished sensitivity with
constant stimulation
Sensation vs. Perception
Sensory System

• External stimuli, or sensory inputs, can be


received on a number of channels.
– The inputs picked up by our five senses
constitute the raw data that begin the
perceptual process
Visual System

• External light falls on receptors within the eye to


generate the visual message.
• Light = electromagnetic radiation
– Wavelength of light determines color
Anatomy of the Eye
Photoreceptors

• Photoreceptors are light-sensitive cells found


within the retina.
– Rods are sensitive to light, but not color, and are
active under low-light conditions.6 million
– Cones are sensitive to color, are not active in low-light
conditions, and allow for fine detail.120 million
Continue

• Pupil – adjustable opening


• Iris – colored part of the eye; controls size of
pupil
• Lens – transparent elastic structure
• Optic Nerve – carries neural messages to the
brain
• Fovea – tiny pit in the center of the retina filled
with cones and responsible for sharp vision
• Optic nerve: data transfer from eye to brain
• Cortex: image processing, interpretation,
selection
Sensory Coding

• Activation of retinal
cells by light results
in action potentials
that travel along
neurons that project
to the occipital cortex
Color-Deficiency

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