ROUTINE CONSTRUCTION
SAFETY INSPECTION
Engr. Alexander B. Trillana
OSH Consultant
AGENDA
• OBJECTIVES
• SAFETY MONITORING SYSTEM
• SAFETY INSPECTION WITH EXAMPLES
• SAFETY INSPECTION OBJECTIVES
• SAFETY INSPECTION SYSTEM
• WHAT TO INSPECT?
• HOW TO INSPECT?
• WHO WILL INSPECT?
AGENDA
• SAFETY INSPECTION FRQUENCY
• SAFETY INSPECTION CHECKLIST
• HAZARDS CLASSIFICATION
• SAFETY INSPECTION TYPES [DOLE]
• HAZARDS PRIORITY
• HIERARCHY OF CONTROLS
Objectives
• To identify an unsafe acts &
conditions and make an
action plan to prevent the
occurrence of high potential
accident.
4
SAFETY MONITORING SYSTEM
A regular appraisal of the extent to
which the safety objectives are
achieved so that adjustments,
correction can be made.
SAFETY INSPECTION
A process of revealing
hazards and following
through the necessary
corrective actions which
results to a safer workplace
Examples of
Areas for Inspection
and Corrective Action
9
14
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SAFETY INSPECTION OBJECTIVE
Always look for potential hazards
SAFETY INSPECTION SYSTEM
PLAN & CARRY- DETERMINE
OUT
When next
Hazard elimination inspection is
by correction to needed
the plant/
construction
process
REVIEW &
FINE-TUNE
Hazard
elimination
activity
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SAFETY INSPECTION
Items to consider in planning & conducting an
inspection:
1. What to inspect
2. How to inspect
3. Who will inspect
WHAT TO INSPECT
5 Ms
MAN MACHINE MATERIAL METHOD MOTHER
NATURE
MAN
• What contacts are
present that could
cause injury illness
stress or strain?
• Could the worker be
caught in, on, or
between? Struck by?
Fall from? Fall into?
• What practices are
likely to downgrade
safety?
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MACHINE
• What hazards are
presented by the
tools, machines,
vehicles or other
equipment?
• What equipment
emergencies are most
likely to occur?
• How might the
equipment cause loss
of safety?
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MATERIALS
• What harmful exposures
do chemicals present
when they are handled?
• What are the specific
problems involved in
materials handling?
• How might materials
cause loss of safety?
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Acid
43
Acid
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MOTHER NATURE
• Are there potential
housekeeping problems?
• What are the potential
problems of sound, heat
lighting, cold, radiation, or
ventilation?
• How might environmental
factors cause loss of
safety?
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Machine Shop 49
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52
Accidents can happen at any time!
One worker fell down
from this wooden
ladder!
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54
What could be improved
here?
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Sample Risk Control Measures 56
WHO WILL INSPECT
May be carried out by groups of 3 people with skills &
experience to:
1. Encourage uniform standards or procedures
2. Highlight what is reasonably practical
3. Provide balanced reports
HOW TO INSPECT
Identify what procedures, systems or structures
should exist (basis of reference)
Determine whether above items are:
- in place
- personnel are aware of them
- complied with
- adequate
HOW TO INSPECT
1. Describe work in progress at time of inspection
2. Identify Deficiencies - describe the deficiencies and
identify the associated hazard level (low, medium, or high)
Note: Medium and high hazards require immediate resolution.
3. Identify Repeat/Outstanding deficiencies
4. Identify Items closed
FREQUENCY OF INSPECTION
Depends upon the:
stage of construction
risk known to be in the area
volume of problems on rectification
revealed in previous inspections
accident record
SAFETY INSPECTION
Safety Checklist:
a tool for safety
inspectors detailing
the list of items that
must be considered in
performing safety
inspection
SAFETY CHECKLIST EXERCISE
OSH STANDARD PROVISIONS YN REMARKS
1412 GENERAL PROVISION
1412.05: Fire Protection
Fire protection and handling of flammables
provided
1413 EXCAVATION
1414 SCAFFOLDING
1415 CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT
1416 PLANT & EQUIPMENT
1417 DEMOLITION
1418 MECHANICAL DEMOLITION
1419 EXPLOSIVES
Classification of Hazards
• Chemical
• Mechanical
• Electrical
• Physical
• Biological
• Ergonomics
• Psychosocial 63
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Evidence of smoking next to acetylene
cylinders
67
Common Fire Hazards…
69
Common Fire Hazards…
70
Common Fire Hazards…
71
Common Fire Hazards…
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blast furnace
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Arc Furnace
78
Common Fire Hazards…
Flammable
thiner
paint
79
Common Fire Hazards…
80
Common Fire Hazards…
81
How could we
improve this situation
?
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85
Silica exposure from cutting concrete in
road construction
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Acid
90
Acid
Even the "dry" type Lead Acid batteries can
present a risk of acid exposure
92
Acid
Photo of fish with damaged skin and gills
caused by exposure to acid water ...
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Acid
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Lead
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Lead
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Lead
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Lead
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While short term exposure to mercury can cause Mercury
effects such as bloating and redness of the skin,
the long term effects can be much more
damaging. Mercury is an extremely volatile
substance, and if even a small amount of
elemental mercury were to enter the blood
stream, the result could be fatal. Long term
exposure to mercury, which most often occurs
with organic mercury that is found in plants and
fish, can cause side effects including kidney
failure, nervous system damage, and even
autism. While the exact cause of autism isn’t
known, it’s long been suspected that
environmental factors, such as exposure to
mercury, can increase the risk of autism in
children.
101
Mercury
Pregnant women and children are at greatest risk from mercury exposure, especially
if they consume large amounts of fish and seafood. Exposure to mercury can
contribute to severe birth defects, including learning disabilities, delayed onset of
walking and talking, and cerebral palsy.
Mercury can make its way to our dinner tables via contaminated fish. Once ingested,
mercury acts as a potent neurotoxin and can damage the brain and nervous system
102
Mercury
The danger of mercury exposure from CFL
bulbs
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Mercury
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banning silver jewelry cleaning agents
containing cyanide as a triumph for public
safety from harmful chemicals
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Ammonia
Ammonia Leakage
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Ammonia
Firemen pour water on the tanker to avoid a
possible explosion caused by the leaked fluid
ammonia in Lanzhou on Thursday, February
28, 2008
112
There have been numerous explosions and fatal exposures at facilities that store, use and handle
anhydrous ammonia. Ice Cream manufacturing plants, cold storage warehouses and blue print operations
all use anhydrous ammonia in the processing.
An accident occurred in the late 1990’s in a cold storage building in Ortana, PA. Two plant maintenance
workers, who were also local volunteer firefighters, were conducting routine maintenance on liquid
ammonia lines within the facility. A leak occurred, the men were splashed with liquid ammonia and both
died. Firefighting personnel responding to the incident were burned by ammonia vapors as they entered
the facility in turnouts to rescue the workers. Not all incidents obviously result in an explosion but having
a thorough understanding of how to take care of anhydrous ammonia victims is paramount toward
increasing survival from this type of chemical exposure.
Ammonia 113
About 20 villagers in Jieyang of South China's Guangdong province remained hospitalized
Ammon
on
Thursday afternoon, three days after they were poisoned by a liquid ammonia leak at a
nearby chemical plant
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Asbestos
115
Silica
Silica
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Hydrogen Sulfide
Hydrogen Sulfide
118
Hydrogen Sulfide
119
Hydrogen Sulfide
120
Hydrogen Sulfide
123
hydrogen sulfide concentration
Hydrogen Sulfide
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Carbon Monoxide
130
Carbon Monoxide
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Carbon Monoxide
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Nicotine
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Nicotine
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Nicotine
Medical Monitoring
141
Nicotine
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Nicotine
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Nicotine
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Nicotine
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Nicotine
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Nicotine
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Drug
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Drug
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Drug
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Drug
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Alcohol
154
Alcohol & Other
155
Alcohol & Other
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Alcohol & Other
Alcohol & Other
Alcohol & Other
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Alcohol & Other
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Drunk Driver
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Sugar
169
your feet. Diabetes also causes poor circulation and any injuries you incur are
less likely to heal. If you have diabetic foot problems, you may be suffering
from diabetic foot pain, ulcers and infections
Sugar
170
Sugar
Wound healing is also impaired in diabetic
patients.
Aside type loss of vision and difficulties with
kidney, yet another crucial factor that diabetics
really should be really cautious with is foot
neuropathy
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Salt
Salt pools are becoming more popular with people who wish to reduce their chemical
exposure. Instead of large quantities of chemical additives in the water, a special salt-
chlorine generator uses electrolysis to convert common salt to chlorine. This reduces the
amount of chlorine in the water to a very low level, and the only additive your water
needs is salt. If you already own a chemically-treated pool, conversion to a salt pool is
possible.
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Salt
Although, potassium chloride is
used in many vital functions of
the body, if used in excess, it can
be dangerous and may even lead
to death. The American Journal of
Nutrition published a review on
the effects of potassium chloride
on skin. It reported that, “When
the salt comes in contact with
skin, especially wet or moist skin,
it can produce rashes, itching or
hives (hives are raised, itchy, red
blisters on the surface of the
skin), swelling of the mouth, face
and lips, as well as a whitish-grey
coating at the base of the tongue.
“
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Salt
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Salt
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Contaminated Food
Contaminated Food
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Nearly 200 different species of sea life
including whales, dolphins, seals and
turtles die due to plastic bags
- World Wildlife Fund Report 2005179
They die after ingesting plastic bags
which they mistake for food
- World Wildlife Fund Report 2005180
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Mining Accidents:
188
Collapsed, Fire, Explosion, Suffocation, etc
Other Hazards
Dengue
Dengue’s principal vector: Aedes aegypti
Principal vector is female Aedes aegypti mosquito. Infected mosquito
remains infective for life.
Indonesia: reported dengue cases doubled in 2007 vs. 2005.
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Leptospirosis
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Dog Bite
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Snake Bite Safety
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Bee and Wasp Safety
Wasp sting – One of these fingers is not like
the others
Bee sting
Warning wasp sting
SCORPIONS
Stings can be painful
Found in wooded areas, under
leaves, fallen trees & stumps
Some victims have severe
reaction to stings
PROTECTION: Keep alert, watch
where you sit or put your
hands
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BLACK WIDOW
Possess a neurotoxin that
effects the central nervous
system
Bites are extremely
dangerous and should
seek medical attention
immediately
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Tuba-tuba
Tuba-tuba is an erect, branched Toxins: Red physic nut contains toxins in the
shrub usually less than one meter seeds, sap and other tissues which could be
high fatal to humans.
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Benefits of Planting Tuba-tuba/Jatropha:
- Aside from using the seed oil as biodiesel, the extracted oil can also be used in making
soap.
- The Jatropha/Tuba-tuba leaves can be used for fumigating houses to expel bugs.
- The root extract of Jatropha plant can be used as yellow die while the bark extract as
blue dye. While the seeds when pounded can be used for tanning.
- The roots, flowers and latex of the Jatropha plant are said to have medicinal properties.
- Planting Jatropha reduces soil degradation, erosion and deforestation of the countryside.
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POISONOUS PLANTS
Poison Ivy: usually vines
found on trees but can
appear as a bush;
smooth margin leaves
in groups of 3’s;
produces berries that
can cause outbreaks
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Poison Oak:
usually
small
bushes,
3-lobed
leaves
232
Poison sumac
233
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Office of Horrors
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Ideal Office
236
ROLE OF PASSENGERS
• Do not distract driver
• In looking for a street name or address, the
passenger must assist the driver
• The passenger must handle the paying or
change in approaching a toll booth.
• Passengers should discourage the driver from
reckless behavior.
• If the driver’s decision is impaired by anger,
alcohol or by any other reason, the passenger
may decide to risk a friendship or may refuse
to ride the car he is driving.
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TYPES OF SAFETY INSPECTIONS (DOLE)
1. Technical Safety Inspection - refers to inspection
for the purpose of safety determination of boilers,
pressure vessels, internal combustion engines,
electrical installations, elevators, hoisting
equipment and other mechanical equipment
2. General Safety Inspection - refers to inspection of
the work environment, location of machinery,
adequacy of work space, ventilation, lighting,
handling, storage, protection facilities, and those
not covered by technical inspection
HAZARD PRIORITY
Class A – Total Disability, loss of
equipment
Class B – Partial disability, interruptive
mechanical failure
Class C – Minor injury, non-disruptive
equipment failure
Hierarchy of Controls
Most effective
Eliminate
Substitute
Engineering
Admin
Training
PPE
Least effective
Emergency Response
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End of Module:
ROUTINE CONSTRUCTION
SAFETY INSPECTION
THANK YOU
Engr. Alexander B. Trillana
OSH Consultant
