(1).
INTRODUCTION TO STAAD PRO V8i & STAAD EDITOR
STAAD.Pro V8i
STAAD.Pro is the leading structural Analysis and Design software from Bentley.
STAAD.Pro is the professional’s choice for steel, concrete, timber, aluminum and
cold-formed steel design of virtually any structure including culverts,
petrochemical plants, tunnels, bridges, piles and much more. The “i” in the new
V8i version stands for: intuitive, interactive, intrinsic, incredible, and
interoperable.
Salient Features
● State-of-the art graphical environment with standard MS Windows
functionality.
● Full range of analysis including static, P-delta, pushover, response
spectrum, time history, cable (linear and nonlinear), buckling and steel,
concrete and timber design.
● Object-oriented intuitive 2D/3D graphical model generation.
● Supports truss and beam members, plates, solids, linear and nonlinear
cables, and curvilinear beams.
● Advance automatic load generation facilities for wind, area, floor, and
moving loads.
● Toggle display of loads, supports, properties, joints, members, etc.
● Joint, member/element, mesh generation with flexible user-controlled
numbering scheme.
STAAD Editor
The user uses a command language format to communicate instructions to the
program. Each of these commands either supplies some data to the program or
instructs it to perform some calculations using the data already specified.
Importance of cad
Computer-aided design (CAD) is the use of computer systems (or
workstations) to aid in the creation, modification, analysis, or optimization of
a design.[1]
CAD software is used to increase the productivity of the
designer, improve the quality of design, improve communications through
documentation, and to create a database for manufacturing.[2] CAD output
is often in the form of electronic files for print, machining, or other
manufacturing operations. The term CADD (for Computer Aided Design
and Drafting) is also used.
CAD technology is used in the design of tools and machinery and in the
drafting and design of all types of buildings, from small residential types
(houses) to the largest commercial and industrial structures (hospitals
and factories).
CAD has become an especially important technology within the scope of
computer-aided technologies, with benefits such as lower product
development costs and a greatly shortened design cycle. CAD enables
designers to layout and develop work on screen, print it out and save it
for future editing, saving time on their drawings.
One-point perspective
A drawing has one-point perspective when it contains only one vanishing
point on the horizon line. This type of perspective is typically used for
images of roads, railway tracks, hallways, or buildings viewed so that the
front is directly facing the viewer. Any objects that are made up of lines
either directly parallel with the viewer's line of sight or directly
perpendicular (the railroad slats) can be represented with one-point
perspective. These parallel lines converge at the vanishing point.
One-point perspective exists when the picture plane is parallel to two
axes of a rectilinear (or Cartesian) scene – a scene which is composed
entirely of linear elements that intersect only at right angles. If one axis is
parallel with the picture plane, then all elements are either parallel to the
picture plane (either horizontally or vertically) or perpendicular to it. All
elements that are parallel to the picture plane are drawn as parallel lines.
All elements that are perpendicular to the picture plane converge at a
single point (a vanishing point) on the horizon.
Two-point perspective[edit]
T
wo-Point Perspective
A cube drawing using 2-point perspective
A drawing has two-point perspective when it contains two vanishing
points on the horizon line. In an illustration, these vanishing points can be
placed arbitrarily along the horizon. Two-point perspective can be used to
draw the same objects as one-point perspective, rotated: looking at the
corner of a house, or at two forked roads shrinking into the distance, for
example. One point represents one set of parallel lines, the other point
represents the other. Seen from the corner, one wall of a house would
recede towards one vanishing point while the other wall recedes towards
the opposite vanishing point.
Two-point perspective exists when the painting plate is parallel to a
Cartesian scene in one axis (usually the z-axis) but not to the other two
axes. If the scene being viewed consists solely of a cylinder sitting on a
horizontal plane, no difference exists in the image of the cylinder between
a one-point and two-point perspective.
Two-point perspective has one set of lines parallel to the picture plane
and two sets oblique to it. Parallel lines oblique to the picture plane
converge to a vanishing point, which means that this set-up will require
two vanishing points.
Isometric projection
Isometric projection is a method for visually representing
three-dimensional objects in two dimensions in technical and engineering
drawings. It is an axonometric projection in which the three coordinate
axes appear equally foreshortened and the angle between any two of
them is 120 degrees.
Orthographic projection
Orthographic projection is a means of representing three-dimensional
objects in two dimensions. It is a form of parallel projection, in which all
the projection lines are orthogonal to the projection plane,[1] resulting in
every plane of the scene appearing in affine transformation on the
viewing surface. The obverse of an orthographic projection is an oblique
projection, which is a parallel projection in which the projection lines are
not orthogonal to the projection plane.
SUPPORT SPECIFICATION
This allow the user to define the support conditions of the structure by providing
fixed, pinned, roller, inclined, spring supports, etc.
Fixed supports = o Releases
Procedure:
General (page control)
Support
Create (data area)
Select req type of support
Add
Close
Click on generated support
Select req node (bottom nodes)
Check Assign to selected node (data area)
Assign
Yes/ok
Structure
A structure can be defined as an assembly of interrelated or interdependent parts
forming a more complex, unified whole and serving a common purpose.
Types of structures
Different types of structures supported by STAAD.pro are,
SPACE structure
● Acceptable for any configuration of model geometry and loading.
● Permits three dimensional structures.
● Permits loading in any direction.
● Permits deformations in all three global axes.
● Coordinate system follows right hand rule.
PLANE structure
● Acceptable only for two dimensional modes in the XY plane with no loading
or deformations perpendicular to this plane.
● All loads and deformations are in the plane of the structure.
TRUSS structure
● Permits loading in any direction, but members only provide axial resistance.
Members cannot resist bending or shear loads.
● Permits three dimensional structures.
● Permits deformations in all three global directions.
● Coordinate system follows right hand rule.
FLOOR structure
● Acceptable for two dimensional models in the XZ plane with loading and
deformations perpendicular to this plane.
● All loads and deformations are parallel to the global Y-axis.
An engineering drawing, a type of technical drawing, is used to fully and clearly define
Engineering drawing
An engineering drawing, a type of technical
drawing, is used to fully and clearly define
requirements for engineered items.
Engineering drawing (the activity) produces
engineering drawings (the documents). More
than merely the drawing of pictures, it is also a
language—a graphical language that
communicates ideas and information from one
mind to another.[1
]
