ROOF COVERINGS FOR
PITCHED ROOFS
FIRST YEAR B.ARCH.
Compiled by Ar. Dinesh Hipparkar
[email protected]
THATCH COVERING
• Cheapest Roof covering.
• Very light in weight.
• Highly combustible.
• Very unstable against high winds.
• Absorbs moisture and liable to decay.
• It harbours rats and other burrowing animals.
• It primarily consists of bundles of reed or straw .The framework to support thatch consists of
round bamboo rafters spaced at about 300mm c/c and tied with split bamboos laid at right angles
to rafters..
• The reed or straw must be well soaked in water to facilitate packing and the bundles are laid with
their butt ends pointing towards eaves.
• The thatch is tightly secured to the frame with the help of twine or ropes dipped in tar.
• Slope of 45 degrees to be maintained for effective water drain.
• The thickness of the thatch should be minimum 150mm.
THATCH COVERING
THATCH
COVERING
WOOD SHINGLE ROOFING
• Shingles are thin boards of wood used to cover roofs.
• Particularly used where local timber is available at cheap cost.
• Wood shingles are prone to fire and termite.
• Wood shingles are obtained from well seasoned timber by either sawing or
splitting.
• Lengths vary from 300 to 400 mm and widths vary from 60 to 250 mm.
• The thickness is approximately 10mm at the tail or butt and taper to 3mm at
head.
• The wooden shingles are place with sufficient overlap on sides and edges.
• The Shingles are fixed with copper or composite nails of 38mm length.
• Sufficient Overlap to be maintained at the eaves.
• Eaves board to be fixed at the eaves for packing and aesthetical appeal.
Compiled by Ar. Dinesh Hipparkar.
[email protected] WOOD SHINGLE ROOFING
COUNTRY OR HALF ROUND TILE ROOFING
• These tiles are made of clay or concrete.
• The Indian Specification governing half round tile : IS 13317 – 1992
• The length of the tile varies from 200 to 250 mm
• The head diameter is 120mm and tail diameter is 95mm
• The minimum overlap required is 60mm lengthwise.
• These tiles are laid in pairs : under tiles and over tiles.
• The under tiles are laid with concave surface upwards while the over tiles are laid
with convex upwards.
• The tiles are basically semi circular in section at each end but the diameter tapers
longitudinally.
• The under tiles are nailed preferably over wooden boarding and the over tiles
area laid above so as to cover the nail heads giving a pleasant look.
COUNTRY OR HALF ROUND TILE ROOFING
COUNTRY OR HALF ROUND TILE ROOFING
MANGALORE OR INTERLOCKING TILE
ROOFING
• The interlocking tiles are available under various patent names with patent locking devices, the
object of which is to prevent their dislodgement even in the most exposed condition.
• As the name suggests, these tiles are native to the place Mangalore, and are manufactured using
native hard laterite clay.
• The specification governing the Mangalore pattern interlocking tiles : IS 654 – 1992
• The length varies from 410mm to 425mm and overall width varies from 235mm to 260mm
• The minimum overlap is 60mm lengthwise and 25mm width wise.
• The average weight of 6 tiles together should be between 2 to 3 kg.
• The fixing of the tiles is preferably done on battens placed over roof boarding.
• The two lugs on the front side of the tile are interlocked with the batten and two lugs on the tail
end of the tile are interlocked with the tile below. Additional fixity may be done with the help of
copper or zinc screw in the space provided at the centre of tile on to the battens.
• Special tiles are manufactured for fixity at ridge, hip, eaves etc.
MANGALORE OR INTERLOCKING TILE ROOFING
MANGALORE OR INTERLOCKING TILE
ROOFING
FIBREGLASS ROOFING SHINGLES
• Fibreglass roofing shingles are becoming more and more popular as roof covering materials due to low cost and high
advantages.
• Fibreglass shingles come in tile forms of variable sizes as per manufacturer.
• The typical installation of shingle is either torch method where the tar based shingles are fixed to to the surface by
torching. Alternately cold fixing method is used where the shingles are nailed to the surface.
• Fiberglass shingles have a base layer of glass fibre reinforcing mat. The mat is made from wet, random-laid fiberglass
bonded with urea-formaldehyde resin. The mat is then coated with asphalt which contains mineral fillers and makes the
fiberglass shingle waterproof
• Fiberglass shingles typically obtain a class "A" fire rating as the fiberglass mat resists fire better than organic/paper mats
• Architectural (laminated) shingles are a multi-layer, laminated shingle which gives more varied, contoured visual effect to a
roof surface and add more resistance for water. These shingles are designed to avoid repetitive patterns in the shingle
appearance. Special shingles are needed for the eaves starter course and ridge caps.
• Solar reflecting shingles help reduce air conditioning costs in hot climates by being a better reflective surface.
• Asphalt shingles come in varying resistance to wind damage. Shingles with the highest fastener pull through resistance,
bond strength of the self seal adhesive, properly nailed will resist wind damage the best
FIBREGLASS ROOFING SHINGLES
FIBREGLASS ROOFING SHINGLES
REFERENCES
• Building Construction by Dr B C Punmia
• The Construction of Buildings By Barry – Vol 1
• IS 13317 – 1992 – for Half Round Tiles
• IS 654 – 1992 – for Interlocking Tiles
• Various websites for Image references.
Typical questions for Examination.
Unit 2 : Roofing Materials for Sloping Roofs.
( 5 Marks Each)
• Explain with Sketches : Thatch Roofing
• Explain with Sketches : Wooden Shingle Roofing
• Explain with Sketches : Half Round Tile Roofing
• Explain with Sketches : Interlocking Tile Roofing
• Explain with Sketches : Fibre Glass Shingles Roofing
