Scribd
Upload
92 views3 pages

Types and Safety of Storage Tanks

The document discusses different types of storage tanks that are commonly used in industrial facilities such as oil refineries and petrochemical plants. It describes how storage tanks come in a variety of sizes and shapes, including vertical cylindrical, horizontal cylindrical, spherical, and rectangular, with vertical cylindrical being the most commonly used. Storage tanks can be located above ground, in ground, or below ground. There are different types of vertical cylindrical tanks including open top tanks, fixed roof tanks, external floating roof tanks, and internal floating roof tanks. The type of storage tank used depends on safety, environmental, and cost considerations.

Uploaded by

evrim77
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
92 views3 pages

Types and Safety of Storage Tanks

The document discusses different types of storage tanks that are commonly used in industrial facilities such as oil refineries and petrochemical plants. It describes how storage tanks come in a variety of sizes and shapes, including vertical cylindrical, horizontal cylindrical, spherical, and rectangular, with vertical cylindrical being the most commonly used. Storage tanks can be located above ground, in ground, or below ground. There are different types of vertical cylindrical tanks including open top tanks, fixed roof tanks, external floating roof tanks, and internal floating roof tanks. The type of storage tank used depends on safety, environmental, and cost considerations.

Uploaded by

evrim77
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 Introduction

Storage tanks had been widely used in many industrial established particularly in the
processing plant such as oil refinery and petrochemical industry. They are used to store a
multitude of different products. They come in a range of sizes from small to truly
gigantic, product stored range from raw material to finished products, from gases to
liquids, solid and mixture thereof.

There are a wide variety of storage tanks, they can be constructed above ground, in
ground and below ground. In shape, they can be in vertical cylindrical, horizontal
cylindrical, spherical or rectangular form, but vertical cylindrical are the most usual used.

In a vertical cylindrical storage tank, it is further broken down into various types,
including the open top tank, fixed roof tank, external floating roof and internal floating
roof tank.

The type of storage tank used for specified product is principally determined by safety
and environmental requirement. Operation cost and cost effectiveness are the main
factors in selecting the type of storage tank.

Design and safety concern has come to a great concern as reported case of fires and
explosion for the storage tank has been increasing over the years and these accident cause
injuries and fatalities. Spills and tank fires not only causing environment pollution, there
would also be severe financial consequences and significant impact on the future business
due to the industry reputation. Figure 1.1 shows the accident of the tanks that caught on
fire and exploded. Lots of these accidents had occurred and they are likely to continue
unless the lessons from the past are correctly learnt.

5
Figure 1.1 Fire and explosion incidents in the tanks

6
2.2 Types of Storage Tank

Figure 1.2 illustrates various types of storage tank that are commonly used in the industry
today.

Type of Storage Tank

Open Top Tank Fixed Roof Tank Floating Roof Tank Other Types
(Atmospheric) (Atmospheric, Low
Pressure, High
Pressure)

Cone Roof (Supported/ External Floating Roof Bullet Tank


self supported)

Dome Roof (Supported/ Internal Floating Roof Bolted Tank


self supported)

Internal Floating Roof


(Supported/ self Sphere Tank
supported)

Figure 1.2 Types of storage tank

2.2.1 Open Top Tanks

This type of tank has no roof. They shall not be used for petroleum product but may be
used for fire water/ cooling water. The product is open to the atmosphere; hence it is an
atmospheric tank.

You might also like