ELECTRICAL MACHINES LABORATORY_2
EXPT. No.:
DATE :
FIELD TEST ON TWO DC SERIES MACHINES
AIM: To conduct the Field’s test on two identical series machines to determine
the efficiency of the machines under different loading conditions
.
APPARATUS:
Ammeter (MC) 0 – 20 A 2 No.s
Voltmeter (MC) 0 – 300 V 2 No.s
Voltmeter (MC) 0 – 15 V 1 No.
Tachometer
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
THEORY:
STUDENT SHOULD EXPLAIN THE FOLLOWING:
POWER STAGES IN DC MOTOR
LOSSES IN DC MOTORS
PROCESS OF CODUCTING THE FIELD TEST, ITS ADVANTAGES,
DISADVANTAGES AND LIMITATIONS IF ANY.
PROCEDURE:
For conduction of Field’s test:
1. The connections are made as shown in the circuit diagram.
2. The supply switch S1 is closed. The switch on the generator control panel
is also closed.
3. The motor is started using the starter.
4. The generator is loaded in steps and at every load, all the meter reading
are tabulated.
5. The load on the generator can be increased till the motor input current is
equal to its rated
Current.
6. Load on the generator is decreased gradually, and finally the supply
switch S1 is to be opened.
For Measurement Of Armature Resistance For Generator And Motor
1. Connections are made as shown in the circuit diagram.
2. With load switches open, the supply switch S1 is closed.
3. A load is applied and the meter readings are noted down in the tabular
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ELECTRICAL MACHINES LABORATORY_2
column.
4. The load is reduced and the supply switch is opened.
OBSERVATIONS:
NAME PLATE DETAILS
MOTOR GENERATOR
Rating : Rating :
Rated Voltage : Rated Voltage :
Rated current : Rated current :
Rated Speed : Rated Speed :
TABULAR COLUMNS:
SUPPLY MOTOR GENERATOR
S.
V Vm Vfm Im Vg Vfg Ig
No.
volts volts volts Amp volts volts Amp
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Armature Resistance of Motor
S. No. V I Resistance. Ra = V/ I
Volts Amps
1
2
3
Average resistance Ram
Armature Resistance of Generator
S. No. V I Resistance. R = V/ I
Volts Amps
1
2
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ELECTRICAL MACHINES LABORATORY_2
3
Average resistance Rag
CALCULATIONS:
Input to the set = 𝑉𝐼𝑎𝑚
Output of the set = = 𝑉𝑔 𝐼𝑎𝑔
Total losses of the set = Input to set - output of the set = 𝑉𝐼𝑎𝑚 − 𝑉𝑔 𝐼𝑎𝑔
2
Armature copper loss of the motor= 𝐼𝑎𝑚 𝑅𝑎𝑚
Field copper loss of the motor= 𝑉𝑓𝑚 𝐼𝑎𝑚
2
Armature copper loss of the generator= 𝐼𝑎𝑔 𝑅𝑎𝑔
Field copper loss of the generator = 𝑉𝑓𝑔𝑚 𝐼𝑎𝑔
Total copper losses in the set = Armature copper loss of the motor + Field
copper loss of the motor + Armature copper loss of the generator + Field copper
loss of the generator
2 2
= 𝐼𝑎𝑚 𝑅𝑎𝑚 + 𝑉𝑓𝑚 𝐼𝑎𝑚 + 𝐼𝑎𝑔 𝑅𝑎𝑔 + 𝑉𝑓𝑔𝑚 𝐼𝑎𝑔
Stray losses in the set = Total losses – Total copper losses
𝑊𝑆 , Stray losses per machine = Stray losses in the set / 2
Compute the stray losses for any one of the load. The same stray losses will
hold good for other loads.
Motor Efficiency :
Input to motor = 𝑉𝐼𝑎𝑚
Total losses in motor = Armature copper loss + Field copper loss + stray losses.
2
= 𝐼𝑎𝑚 𝑅𝑎𝑚 + 𝑉𝑓𝑚 𝐼𝑎𝑚 + 𝑊𝑆
Output of the motor = input – Total losses
2
= 𝑉𝐼𝑎𝑚 − (𝐼𝑎𝑚 𝑅𝑎𝑚 + 𝑉𝑓𝑚 𝐼𝑎𝑚 + 𝑊𝑆 )
Efficiency of the motor = Output / Input.
2
𝑉𝐼𝑎𝑚 − (𝐼𝑎𝑚 𝑅𝑎𝑚 + 𝑉𝑓𝑚 𝐼𝑎𝑚 + 𝑊𝑆 )
=
𝑉𝐼𝑎𝑚
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ELECTRICAL MACHINES LABORATORY_2
Efficiency of the motor at different loading conditions is to be computed and
tabulated.
Generator Efficiency :
Output of generator = 𝑉𝑔 𝐼𝑎𝑔
Total losses in generator = Armature copper loss + Field copper loss + stray
losses.
2
= 𝐼𝑎𝑔 𝑅𝑎𝑔 + 𝑉𝑓𝑔 𝐼𝑎𝑚 + 𝑊𝑆
Input to the generator = input + Total losses
2
= 𝑉𝑔 𝐼𝑎𝑔 + (𝐼𝑎𝑔 𝑅𝑎𝑔 + 𝑉𝑓𝑔 𝐼𝑎𝑚 + 𝑊𝑆 )
Efficiency of the generator = Output / Input.
𝑉𝑔 𝐼𝑎𝑔
= 2 𝑅
𝑉𝑔 𝐼𝑎𝑔 + (𝐼𝑎𝑔 𝑎𝑔 + 𝑉𝑓𝑔 𝐼𝑎𝑚 + 𝑊𝑆 )
Efficiency of the generator at different loading conditions is to be computed and
tabulated.
GRAPHS: Plot efficiency Vs load curve of the motor and generator.
RESULTS: Students should write about the conduction of experiment and
Discuss the results and also comment on the shape of the graphs.
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ELECTRICAL MACHINES LABORATORY_2
Iag
0 – 20 A 0-20 A MC
MC Vf m +
A MCA
+ + +
I am Y
V 0 – 300 V
MC
+ YY +
+ Z Vg
V
V
LOAD
OUTPUT V A A A
INPUT
0 – 300V +
- -
- MC 0 – 300V
S +
V M G MC
230 Volt,
DC Supply Vm V 0 – 300V +
+ ZZ
- MC AA V AA
AA
V fg GENERATOR
DC MOTOR CONTROL
STARTER
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM FOR THE FIELD’S TEST ON SERIES MOTORS
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ELECTRICAL MACHINES LABORATORY_2
Lamp Load
+
0 – 10 A A LAMP LOAD
MC -
A
- +
S V
V 0 – 15V
230 Volt,
DC Supply - MC
AA
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM FOR THE MEASUREMENT OF ARMATURE RESISTANCE
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