PPROJECT IN
GENERAL
MATHEMATICS
WORD PROBLEMS ABOUT
FUNCTIONS, RATIONAL FUNCTIONS,
ONE-TO-ONE FUNCTIONS
(INVERSE), EXPONENTIAL
FUNCTIONS AND LOGARITHMIC
FUNCTIONS.
Function Definition: A function is a relation where each element in the
domain is related to only one value in the range by some rule.
Example Problem #1: Jisoo’s weekly allowance as a student is 5000 pesos. If
her mother gives an allowance represented in the function m(x) = 5x-125 and
her father gives her another allowance representing the function f(x) = 4x + 5 4.
Compute the value of x and the allowance her father gives to her.
Solution:
Let A(x) be = Jisoo’s weekly allowance x = 500
A(x) = m(x) + f(x) f(x) = 4x + 54
5000 = 5x-125 + 4x+ 54 f(x) = 4 (500) + 54
5000 = 9x + 500 f(x) = 2000 + 625
5000 – 500 = 9x f(x) = 2,625 Pesos
4500 = 9x
Example Problem # 2: Lisa’s Instagram followers is represented in the
function L(x) = 25x + 25, 000. How many is Lisa’s Instagram followers
if x is ½ of 1,800,000 + 44,000.
Solution:
X = ½ (1,800,000) + 44,000 L(x) = 25x + 25, 000
X = 900,000 + 44,000 L(x) = 25 (944,000) + 25,000
X = 944,000 L(x) = 23,600,000 + 25,000
L(x) = 23,625,000
Therefore, Lisa has 23,625,000 Instagram followers.
Rational Functions Definition: A rational function is a function of the form f(x)
p (x)
= q ( x ) where p(x) and q(x) are polynomial functions and q(x) is not the zero
function (i.e., q(x) ≠ 0). The domain of f(x) is the set of all values of x where
q(x) ≠ 0.
Example Problem # 1: The YouTube subscribers of BTS is represented in the function
x+ √ 16 x √ 100+ x 2
b(x) = t(x) + s(x) or b(x) =x+2 + million, where t(x) are Korean fans and s(x)
x
are International fans. Find how many subscribers BTS have if x is the square root of
100.
Solution:
(10)+ √ 16 10 √ 100+102
X = √ 100 b(x) = 10+2
+ 10
10+4 100+100
X = 10 b(x) = 12 + 10
14 200
b(x) = t(x) + s(x) b(x) = 12 + 10
x+ √ 16 x √ 100+ x 2
b(x) = x+2 + x
b(x) = 21. 2 million YouTube subscribers.
Example Problem # 2: GG’s weekly income as an performing group is represented in the
500 x +10,000 x+30 2
−
function g(x) = n(x) - h(x) or g(x) = 1
x
1/2 pesos, where n(x) is their original
4
income and h(x) is the taxes and other insurances. How much is their original income if x
is the cube root of 1,000,000.
Solution:
60,000
X = √ 1,000,000
3
n(x) = 25
X = 100 n(x) = 2,400 pesos
500 x +10,000
n(x) = 1
x
4
500(100)+ 10,000
n(x) = 1
(100) Therefore, GG’s original weekly income is 2,400 pesos.
4
50,000+ 10,000
n(x) = 25
One-to-One function Definition: The function f is one-to-one if for any
x1, x2 in the domain of f, then f(x1) ≠ f(x2). That is, the same y-value is
never paired with two different x-values.
Inverse of one-to-one functions
Example Problem # 1: Team Liquid’s total earnings in playing Dota 2 is represented in
5 x− √ 9
the function t(x) = x+ 2 . Find the Inverse of Team Liquid’s Earnings in playing Dota 2.
Solution:
xy + 2x = 5y – 3 = −2x −5
5 x− √ 9 x−3
t(x) = x+ 2
t −1 ( x )
5 x− √ 9
y= x+ 2 xy – 5y = -2x – 3
5 y −√ 9
x= y +2 y(x-5) = -2x – 3
5 y −3 −2 x−3
x= y +2 y= x −5
Example Problem # 2: Sogod National High School’s Dance Company
has a total number of members represented in the function d(x) = √ x - 42.
Solve for the inverse of this function.
Solution:
d(x) = √ x - 42 ( x +16)1/ 2 = 1 /2
(√ y )
y = √ x - 42 ( x +16)1/ 2 =y
x = √ y - 42 y = ( x +16) 1/ 2
x = √ y - 16 d −1 (x) = ( x +16)
1/ 2
x + 16 = √ y
Exponential Function Definition: An Exponential
function with base b is a function of the form f(x) = b or y x
= b (b > 0, b ≠ 1).
x
Example Problem # 1: Exo’s ‘’Monster’’ music video has
250,000,000 views. If it is increasing at a rate of 2.5% daily, how
many will be the views of ‘’Monster’’ after 4 weeks?
Solution:
4 weeks = 28 days P28 = 250,000,000(1.025)
28
Pn = P(1+r )
n
P28 = 250,000,000 (2)
P28
= 250,000,000(1+0.025)
28
P28
= 500,000,000 views
Example Problem # 2: Ikon’s Twitter followers are decreasing at a
rate of 1% every hour because of the issue that members are
leaving the group. And because of this how many will be the
remaining Twitter followers of Ikon after 3 days if they had 1.5
million followers initially?
Solution:
3 days = 72 hours P72 = 1,500,000 (0.5)
Pn
= P(1−r) n
P72
= 750,00 thousand
P72
= 1,500,000(1−0.01) 72
will be remained
P72
= 1,500,000(0.99)
72
after 3 days.
Logarithmic function Definition: Let a, b and c be
positive real numbers such that b ≠ 1. The logarithm of a
with b is denoted by log a, and is defined as c = log a if and
b b
only if a = b . c
Example Problem # 1: Jennie is asked to evaluate the value of x of a logarithmic
function that her teacher gave, which is log x+2 = log 2x-2 . Jennie’s solution is
3 3
2
shown below.
Solution:
log 3 x+2 = log 2x-2
3
2
x+2 = 2x-4
(since both of the subscript of the logarithm 2+4 = 2x-x
Is 3 we can equate their base). 6=x
x+2 = 2x-2 2
x=6
Example Problem # 2: Rosé was picked by her teacher to express this
exponential equation to a logarithmic function (5¿¿ x=30)¿ . Rosé Solve it
easily including the value of x and the logarithmic function. The
solution is shown below:
Solution:
5 x =25
log 5
25 = x 5x =5 2
(from exponential to x=2
logarithmic equation) (substitute x to the
5x = 25 logarithmic function)
(use the rule of exponential log 5 25 = x
Function to solve for x) log 5
25 = 2
