Refrigeration & Air Conditioning
•Introduction
•Type of refrigeration
•Types Of Air Conditioner
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Introduction
How does
High Temperature Reservoir
it work?
Refrigeration
Heat Rejected
and air
conditioning R Work Input
is used to
cool products
Heat Absorbed
or a building
environment. Low Temperature Reservoir
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Introduction
Refrigeration systems for industrial
processes
• Small capacity modular units of direct
expansion type (50 Tons of Refrigeration)
• Centralized chilled water plants with
chilled water as a secondary coolant (50
– 250 TR)
• Brine plants with brines as lower
temperature, secondary coolant (>250 TR)
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Types of Refrigeration
Refrigeration systems
• Vapour Compression Refrigeration
(VCR): uses mechanical energy
• Vapour Absorption Refrigeration
(VAR): uses thermal energy
• Magnetic Refrigeration: remove heat
and maintain low temperature
• Industrial Refrigeration:used in cold
storage
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Type of Refrigeration
Vapour Compression Refrigeration
• Highly compressed fluids tend to get
colder when allowed to expand
• If pressure high enough
• Compressed air hotter than source
of cooling
• Expanded gas cooler than desired
cold temperature
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Type of Refrigeration
Vapour Compression Refrigeration
Refrigeration cycle
3
Condenser
High
4 Pressure
Side
Expansion
Device Compressor
1 2 Low
Pressure
Evaporator Side
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Type of Refrigeration
Vapour Absorption Refrigeration
• The absorption system differs
fundamentally from vapour compression
system only in the method of employed for
compressing the refrigerant.
• In the absorption system, the
compressor is replaced by an absorber,
generator and a pump.
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Type of Refrigeration
Vapour Absorption Refrigeration
Condenser Generator
Hot
Side
Evaporator
Cold Absorber
Side
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Type of Refrigeration
Magnetic Refrigeration
•Magnetic refrigeration is a cooling technology
based on the magneto caloric effect.
•It is used to attain temperature well below 1
Kelvin
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Type of Refrigeration
Magnetic Refrigeration Cycle
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Type of Refrigeration
Industrial Refrigeration
• Industrial refrigeration systems for cold
storage, process cooling, water chilling,
individual quick freezing .
• Up to 500 TR capacity using halocarbon or
ammonia.
• Complete with compressors, condensers, all
vessels and electrical equipment required 12
Type of Refrigeration
Industrial Refrigeration Cycle
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Types Of Air Conditioner
Air Conditioning System
• An air conditioning system is an assembly of different part of the system
used produce a specified condition of air within a require space or building.
• The basic elements of air conditioning system:--
• Fans : For circulation of air
• Filters : For cleaning air
• Heating Elements : Heating of air(It may be electric heater , steam , hot
water.
• Control System : It regulates automatically the amount of cooling or
heating.
• Grill : It adjust the direction of the conditioned air to the room.
• Tray : It collects condensed water.
• Refrigerating Plant : provide cooling . It consist of
compressor/generator and
absorber,eveporator,condensor,expansion
device(capallary tube).
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Types Of Air Conditioning Sysytem
Air Conditioning System
• Window air-conditioning system
• Split air-conditioning system
• Centralised air-conditioning
system
• Package air-conditioning
system
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Window air-conditioning system
•Window air conditioners are one of the most
commonly used and cheapest type of air
conditioners
•To install one of these units, you need the
space to make a slot in the wall, and there
should also be some open space behind the
wall.
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Split Air-Conditioning System
•The split air conditioner comprises of two
parts: the outdoor unit and the indoor unit
•The outdoor unit, fitted outside the room,
houses components like the compressor,
condenser and expansion valve.
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Centralised Air-Conditioning System
•The central air conditioning plants or the
systems are used when large buildings, hotels,
theaters, airports, shopping malls etc. are to
be air conditioned completely.
•The window and split air conditioners are
used for single rooms or small office spaces
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Packaged Air-Conditioning System
•The packaged air conditioners are used for the
cooling capacities in between these two
extremes.
•The packaged air conditioners are available in
the fixed rated capacities of 3,5, 7, 10 and 15
tons.
•These units are used commonly in places like
restaurants, telephone exchanges, homes, small
halls, etc
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Compressor Condenser
Evaporator Receiver
Packaged Air Conditioning Centralised Air Conditioning
Window Air Conditioning Split Air Conditioning
