PRES.
DIOSDADO MACAPAGAL MEMORIAL NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Bulaklakan, Gloria, Oriental Mindoro
COMPUTER
SYSTEMS
SERVICING
Learner’s Module
PRES. DIOSDADO MACAPAGAL MEMORIAL NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Bulaklakan, Gloria, Oriental Mindoro
MODULE 1
PERSONAL ENTREPRENUERIAL COMPETENCIES (PECs)
PRES. DIOSDADO MACAPAGAL MEMORIAL NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Bulaklakan, Gloria, Oriental Mindoro
Module 1
Personal Entrepreneurial Competencies (PECs)
Content Standards Performance Standards
The learner demonstrates The learner independently creates a
understanding of one’s PECs in plan of action that strengthens
Computer Systems Servicing. and/or further develops his/her
PECs in Computer Systems
Servicing.
Quarter I Time Allotment:
In this module, you will learn more about entrepreneurship and the
entrepreneurial competencies related to Computer Systems Servicing. You will have a
first-hand experience in educational activities leading to assessment of your personal
entrepreneurial competencies (PECs) and the entrepreneurial competencies of a
successful computer technician within your province. You will also have several
activities that will align your competencies with those of successful practitioners.
Moreover, this module will encourage you to think about entrepreneurship and its role in
the business community as well as in the economic and social development of an
individual.
To start with this module, let us first understand entrepreneurs and
entrepreneurship.
Entrepreneurs are those with the skills and capabilities to see and evaluate
business opportunities. They are individuals who can strategically identify products or
services needed by the community, and have the capacity to deliver them at the right
time and at the right place.
Entrepreneurs are agents of economic change; they organize, manage, and
assume risks of a business. Some of the good qualities of entrepreneurs are:
opportunity-seeker, risk-taker, goal-setter, excellent planner, confident problem-solver,
hardworking, persistent and committed
Computer Systems Servicing
PRES. DIOSDADO MACAPAGAL MEMORIAL NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Bulaklakan, Gloria, Oriental Mindoro
Entrepreneurship, on the other hand, is not just a simple business activity but
a strategic process of innovation and new product creation. Basically,
entrepreneurship is both an art and science of converting business ideas into
marketable products or services to improve the quality of living.
Now that you have background knowledge about entrepreneurs and
entrepreneurship, you can now walk through in assessing your PECs. Always
remember that successful entrepreneurs continuously develop and improve their
PECs.
To begin, let us find out the competencies you will have gained upon
completion of this module.
Assessment Objectives
At the end of this module, you are expected to:
identify areas for improvement, development, and growth,
align your PECs according to your business or career choice, and
create a plan of action that ensures success in your business or career choice.
Pre-assessment
Task 1: Matching Type
Directions: Match the entrepreneurial competencies in column A with their
meaning in column B. Write the letter of the correct answer on the space
provided before each number.
A B
____1. Creative A. makes wise decisions towards the set
objectives
____2. Profit-oriented B. strategic thinking and setting of
goals
____3. Disciplined C. trusting in one’s ability
____4. Sound decision maker D. adoptable to change
____5. Possess people skills E. innovates to have an edge over other
Competitors
____6. Excellent Planner F. solid dedication
Computer Systems Servicing
PRES. DIOSDADO MACAPAGAL MEMORIAL NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Bulaklakan, Gloria, Oriental Mindoro
_____7. Confident G. skillful in record keeping
_____8. Hardworking H. always sticks to the plan
_____9. Ability to accept change I. work diligently
_____10. Committed J. effective and efficient communication skills
and relates well to the people
K. always looking for an opportunity to
have/earn income
Task 2: Guide Questions
Directions: The following are guide questions which covers the entire module. Write
your answers on a separate sheet.
A. Explain why entrepreneurial activities are important to social development and
economy progress.
B. What entrepreneurial activities related to Computer Hardware Servicing do you
know and are capable of doing?
C. If you were given the opportunity to own a business that relates to Computer
Hardware Servicing, do you think you will be confident to manage it? Explain your
answer.
D. What do you think are the most important competencies one must possess in
order to be successful in running a chosen business?
Name successful entrepreneurs from your province whose businesses are related to
Computer Hardware Servicing.
Computer Systems Servicing
PRES. DIOSDADO MACAPAGAL MEMORIAL NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Bulaklakan, Gloria, Oriental Mindoro
Learning Goals and Targets
After understanding the objectives of this module, having gone through
pre-assessment, and answering the guide questions, you will be asked to set
your own personal goals and targets. These goals and targets will urge you to
further achieve the ultimate objective of this module. In the end, these ultimate
goals will motivate you to learn more about PECs.
Goals and Learning
Activities Ultimate Goal
Targets
Figure 1: Strategic process to achieve the objectives of this module
Assessment of Personal Entrepreneurial Competencies (PECs) and Skills vis-à-
vis a Practicing Entrepreneur in a Province
Entrepreneurial competencies refer to the important characteristics that
should be possessed by an individual in order to perform entrepreneurial
functions effectively. In this module, you will learn some of the most important
characteristics, attributes, lifestyle, skills and traits of a successful entrepreneur
or an employee to be successful in a chosen career.
Below are few important characteristics / traits / attributes of a good
entrepreneur:
Hardworking: One of the important characteristics of a good
entrepreneur is hardworking. This means working diligently and being
consistent about it. Hardworking people keep improving their
performance to produce good products and/or provide good services.
Confident: Entrepreneurs have self-reliance in one’s ability and
judgment. They exhibit self-confidence to cope with the risks of
operating their own business.
Computer Systems Servicing
Disciplined: Successful entrepreneurs always stick to the plan and
fight the temptation to do what is unimportant.
PRES. DIOSDADO MACAPAGAL MEMORIAL NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Bulaklakan, Gloria, Oriental Mindoro
Committed: Good entrepreneurs assume full responsibility over their
business. They give full commitment and solid dedication to make the
business successful.
Ability to accept change: Nothing is permanent but change. Change
occurs frequently. When you own a business, you should cope with
and thrive on changes. Capitalize on positive changes to make your
business grow.
Creative: An entrepreneur should be creative and innovative to stay
in the business and in order to have an edge over the other
competitors.
Has the initiative: An entrepreneur takes the initiative. You must put
yourself in a position where you are responsible for the failure or success of
your business.
Profit-oriented: An entrepreneur enters the world of business to
generate
profit or additional income. The business shall become your bread
and butter. Therefore, you must see to it that the business can generate
income.
Listed below are the important skills of a successful entrepreneur:
Excellent planner: Planning involves strategic thinking and goal setting to
achieve objectives by carefully maximizing all the available resources.
A good entrepreneur develops and follows the steps in the plans diligently
to realize goals. A good entrepreneur knows that planning is an effective skill
only when combined with action.
Possesses people skills: This is a very important skill needed to be
successful
in any kind of business. People skills refer to effective and efficient
communication
and establishing good relationship to the people working in and out of
your business. In day-to-day business transactions, you need to deal with
people. A well-developed interpersonal skill can make a huge difference
between success and failure of the business.
Computer Systems Servicing
PRES. DIOSDADO MACAPAGAL MEMORIAL NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Bulaklakan, Gloria, Oriental Mindoro
Sound decision maker: Successful entrepreneurs have the ability to think
quickly and to make wise decisions towards a pre-determined set of
objectives. No one can deny that the ability to make wise decisions is an
important skill that an entrepreneur should possess. Sound decisions should
be based on given facts and information and lead towards the pre-
determined objectives.
To firm up what you have learned and have a better appreciation of the
different entrepreneurial competencies, read the PECs checklist below, then
answer the same.
Task 4: PECs Checklist
Directions: Using the PECs checklist, assess yourself by putting a check ( )
mark in either strengths or development areas column. Interpret the results by
counting the total number of check marks in each of the columns. After
accomplishing the checklist, form a group and share your insights on the result of
the personal assessment.
Table 1: PECs Checklist
Personal Assessment in terms
of:
Personal Entrepreneurial
Competencies
(PECs) of an Entrepreneur
Strengths Development
Areas
Hardworking
Works diligently
Confident
Self-reliance in one’s ability
Disciplined
Always stick to the plan
Committed
Solid dedication
Computer Systems Servicing
PRES. DIOSDADO MACAPAGAL MEMORIAL NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Bulaklakan, Gloria, Oriental Mindoro
Ability to accept changes
Adaptable
Creative
Innovative to have edge over other
competitors
Profit-oriented
Always looking for an opportunity
to have/earn income
Excellent planner
Strategic thinking and setting of
goals
Possess people skill
Effective and efficient
communication skills and relates well
to people
Sound decision maker
Makes wise decisions towards the
set objectives
Interpretation or Insight:
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________.
Computer Systems Servicing
PRES. DIOSDADO MACAPAGAL MEMORIAL NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Bulaklakan, Gloria, Oriental Mindoro
Task 5: Essential Questions
Directions: Read and study the following questions below. You may use a
separate sheet of paper or your notebook to write your answers.
Why is there a need to compare and align one’s PECs with the PECs of a
successful entrepreneur?
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________.
How does your action plan help sustain your strong PECs and/or address
your development areas?
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
Computer Systems Servicing
What plan of action will you utilize to address your development areas?
PRES. DIOSDADO MACAPAGAL MEMORIAL NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Bulaklakan, Gloria, Oriental Mindoro
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________.
Computer Systems Servicing
PRES. DIOSDADO MACAPAGAL MEMORIAL NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Bulaklakan, Gloria, Oriental Mindoro
MODULE 2
ENVIRONMENT AND MARKET (EM)
PRES. DIOSDADO MACAPAGAL MEMORIAL NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Bulaklakan, Gloria, Oriental Mindoro
Module 2
ENVIRONMENT AND MARKET (EM)
Content Standards Performance Standards
The learner demonstrates The learner independently creates a
understanding
A of senvironment
p and business
i vicinity
r map reflective
i of
n g
market in Computer Hardware potential market in Computer
Servicing in one’s province. Hardware Servicing in a province.
Quarter I Time Allotment:
prevailing in an area. Needs and wants of the people in a certain area that are not met
may be considered business opportunities. Identifying the needs of the community, its
resources, available raw materials, skills, and appropriate technology can help a new
entrepreneur seize business opportunities.
To be successful in any kind of business venture, potential
entrepreneurs should look closely at the environment and market. They should always
be watchful of existing opportunities and constraints, and to take calculated risks. The
opportunities in the business environment are factors that provide possibilities for a
business to expand and make more profit. Constraints, on the other hand, are factors
that limit business growth, hence reduce the chance of generating profit. One of the
best ways to evaluate opportunities and constraints is to conduct a Strengths,
Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats (SWOT) Analysis.
SWOT Analysis is a managerial tool used to assess the environment. It is
used to gather important information which is then used in strategic planning.
Strengths and weaknesses are internal in an organization. They relate to
resources owned by an organization that you have control over and also the
extent of its marketing.
Computer Systems Servicing
Opportunities and threats exist in the external environment. Opportunities
relate to the market, new technologies, and the external factors such as
PRES. DIOSDADO MACAPAGAL MEMORIAL NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Bulaklakan, Gloria, Oriental Mindoro
government policies, climate, and trends. Threats replace what the competitors
are doing. It also includes legal and other constraints.
Objectives
At the end of this module, you are expected to:
identify what is of “value” to the customer,
identify the customer to sell to,
explain what makes a product unique and competitive,
apply creativity and innovative techniques to develop marketable products,
and
employ a unique selling proposition (USP) to a product and/or service.
Pre-assessment
Task 1: Multiple Choice
1. It is generated by examining the goods and services sold in the
community.
A. business creation C. business concept
B. business pricing D. business idea
2. It is a process of making new products which will be sold to the customers.
A. product analysis C. product development
B. product conceptualization D. product implementation
3. These are luxuries, advantages and desires that every individual
considers beyond necessary
. A. wants C. requirements
B. desires D. needs
Computer Systems Servicing
Pres. Diosdado Macapagal Memorial National High School
Bulaklakan, Gloria, Oriental Mindoro
4. It is a factor or consideration presented by a seller as the reason that a product or
service is different from and better than that of the competition.
A. unique selling plan C. unique price selling
B. unique selling proposition D. finding value – added
5. A stage in which the needs of the target market are identified, reviewed, and
evaluated.
A. concept development C. project development
B. economic analysis D. refine specification
6. It is the introduction of new ideas to make the product and services more attractive
and saleable to the target customers.
A. new idea C. product development
B. creativity D. innovation
7. It is a managerial tool used to assess the environment and to gather important
information that can be used for strategic planning.
A. Scanning C. WOTS Analysis
B. SWOT Analysis D. survey analysis
8. It is creating names, symbol, or designs that identifies and differentiates a
product from the other products.
A. product naming C. branding
B. unique selling proposition D. tagline
9. It is a meaningful and unforgettable statement that captures the essence of the
brand.
A. product naming C. branding
B. unique selling proposition D. tagline
10. These are things that people cannot live without .
A. Wants C. requirements
B. desires D. needs
Pres. Diosdado Macapagal Memorial National High School
Bulaklakan, Gloria, Oriental Mindoro
Task 2: Guide Questions:
Directions: Read and study the guide questions below. Use a separate sheet of paper to
write your answer.
How does one determine the product or services to be produced and/or to be
provided to the target customers?
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
How does one select an entrepreneurial activity?
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
When can one say that a certain product has “value?”
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
Does applying creativity to your product or services important? Why?
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
Pres. Diosdado Macapagal Memorial National High School
Bulaklakan, Gloria, Oriental Mindoro
How can one effectively respond to the needs of the target customer?
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
From the viewpoint of business owner, discuss the importance of scanning the
environment and market in generating business ideas.
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
Using self-assessment, explain the level of your confidence in formulating a
business idea.
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
Learning Goals and Target
After reading and understanding the objectives of this module and having gone
through the pre-assessment and guide questions, you will be asked to set your own
personal goals. These goals will urge you to further achieve the ultimate objective
of this module. In the end, these goals will motivate you to learn more about
environment and market.
Goals and Learning
Targets Activities Ultimate Goal
Figure 2: Strategic process to reach the objectives of this module
Pres. Diosdado Macapagal Memorial National High School
Bulaklakan, Gloria, Oriental Mindoro
After setting your own personal goals and targets in achieving the objectives of this
module, you will have the opportunity to read and learn more about environment
and market. You will also be given a chance to do practical exercises and activities
to deepen your understanding of the topic
Product Development
When we talk of product development, we are referring to a process of making a
new product to be sold by a business or enterprise to its customers. Product development
may involve modification of an existing product or its presentation, or formulation of an
entirely new product that satisfies a newly-defined customer’s needs, wants and/or a
market place.
The term development in this module refers collectively to the entire process of
identifying a market opportunity, creating a product to appeal to the identified market, and
testing, modifying, and refining the product until it becomes ready for production.
There are basic, yet vital questions that you can ask yourself about product
development. When you find acceptable answers to them, you may now say that you are
ready to develop a product and/or render services.
These questions include the following:
For whom are the product/services aimed at?
What benefit will the customers expect from product/service?
How will the product/service differ from the existing brand? From its
competitor?
In addition, needs and wants of the people within an area should also be taken into
big consideration. Everyone has his/her own needs and wants. However, each person has
different concepts of needs and wants. Needs in business are the important things that an
individual cannot live without in a society. These include:
basic commodities for consumption,
clothing and other personal belongings,
shelter, sanitation and health, and education.
Pres. Diosdado Macapagal Memorial National High School
Bulaklakan, Gloria, Oriental Mindoro
Basic needs are essential to an individual to live with dignity and pride in a
community. These needs can obviously help you generate business ideas and
subsequently to product development.
Wants are desires, luxury and extravagance that signify wealth and expensive way
of living. Wants or desires are considered above all the basic necessities of life. Some
examples of wants or desires are: fashion accessories, expensive shoes and clothes,
travels, eating in an expensive restaurant, watching movies, concerts, having luxurious
cars, wearing expensive jewelry and perfume, living in impressive homes, among others.
Needs and wants of people are the basic indicators of the kind of business that you
may engage in because it can serve as the measure of your success. Some other points
that might be considered in business undertakings are the kind of people, their needs,
wants, lifestyle, culture and tradition, and their social orientation.
To summarize, product development entirely depends on the needs and wants of
the customers. Another important issue to deal with is the key concepts of developing a
product. The succeeding topic shall enlighten you about the procedure in coming up with a
product.
Concepts of Developing a Product
Concept development is a critical phase in the development of a product. In this
stage, the needs of the target market are identified, and competitive products are reviewed
before the product specifications are defined. The product concept is selected along with
an economic analysis to come up with an outline of how a product is being developed.
Figure 3 shows the stages of concept development of a product.
Pres. Diosdado Macapagal Memorial National High School
Bulaklakan, Gloria, Oriental Mindoro
The process of product development follows the following stages:
Identify customer needs: Using survey forms, interviews, researches, focus group
discussions, and observations, an entrepreneur can easily identify customers’ needs
and wants. In this stage, the information that can be possibly gathered are product
specifications (performance, taste, size, color, shape, life span of the product, etc.).
This stage is very important because it would determine the product to be produced
or provided.
Establish target specifications: Based on customers' needs and reviews of
competitive products, you can now establish target specifications of the prospective
new product and/or services. A target specification is essentially a wish-list.
Analyze competitive products: It is imperative to analyze existing competitive
products to provide important information in establishing product or service
specifications. Other products may exhibit successful design attributes that should be
emulated or improved upon in the new product or service.
Generate product concepts: After having gone through with the previous
processes, you may now develop a number of product concepts to illustrate the types
of products or services that are technically feasible and will best meet the
requirements of the target specifications.
Pres. Diosdado Macapagal Memorial National High School
Bulaklakan, Gloria, Oriental Mindoro
Select a product concept: Through the process of evaluation between attributes, a
final concept is selected. After the final selection, additional market research can be
applied to obtain feedback from certain key customers.
Refine product specifications: In this stage, product or services specifications are
refined on the basis of input from the foregoing activities. Final specifications are the
result of extensive study, expected service life, projected selling price among others
are being considered in this stage.
Perform economic analysis: Throughout the process of product development, it is
very important to always review and estimate the economic implications regarding
development expenses, manufacturing costs, and selling price of the product or
services to be offered or provided.
Plan the remaining development project: In this final stage of concept
development, you can prepare a detailed development plan which includes list of
activities, necessary resources and expenses, and development schedule with
milestones for tracking progress.
Finding Value
People buy for a reason. There should be something in your product or service that would
give consumers a good reason to go back and buy more. There must be something that will
make you the best option for target customers; otherwise, they have no reason to buy what you
are selling. This implies further, that you offer something to your customers that will make them
value your product or service.
The value you incorporate in your product is called value proposition. Value
proposition is a believable collection of the most persuasive reasons why people should
notice you and take the action you’re asking for. It is what gets people moving, what
makes people spend for your product or service.
Innovation
Innovation is the introduction of something new in your product or service. This may be a
new idea, a new method, or a new device. If you want to increase your sales and profit, you must
innovate. Some of the possible innovations for your products are change of packaging,
improvement of taste, color, size, shape, and perhaps price. Some of the possible innovations in
providing services are application of new and improved methods, additional featured services,
and possibly freebies.
Pres. Diosdado Macapagal Memorial National High School
Bulaklakan, Gloria, Oriental Mindoro
