PELVIC INFLAMMATORY DISEASE
Background - Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is an infectious and inflammatory
disorder of the upper female genital tract, including the uterus, fallopian tubes, and adjacent
pelvic structures. Infection and inflammation may spread to the abdomen, including
perihepatic structures (Fitz-Hugh−Curtis syndrome). The classic high-risk patient is a
menstruating woman younger than 25 years who has multiple sex partners, does not use
contraception, and lives in an area with a high prevalence of sexually transmitted disease
(STD).
PID is initiated by infection that ascends from the vagina and cervix into the upper
genital tract. Chlamydia trachomatis is the predominant sexually transmitted organism
associated with PID.
Objective –
Many patients with pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) present to their general
practitioners.
Chlamydia trachomatis is the organism most commonly implicated in this condition.
This study aims to examine how well PID is managed in the primary care setting and
highlight areas for improvement.
This issue is very common among the females today also, as their certain areas where
people are not aware about it. Thus, through this we want to make people aware of
this disease. Also, we are coming up with various solutions that would be helpful.
Problem Areas –
In today’s generation also there are too many stigmas around sex education and
sexual health.
Since it is influenced by both the age of first vaginal intercourse and the number of
sexual partners the stigma makes it very difficult to educate people.
Lack of awareness about feminine hygiene and sexual health.
Most UTIs and STDs [chlamydia and gonorrhoea infections are asymptomatic] go
undiagnosed which later results in PIDs.
How do you get diagnosed to PID? –
There's no single test for diagnosing pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). It's diagnosed
based on your symptoms and a gynaecological examination.
Your doctor will first ask about your medical and sexual history.
The next step is to carry out a pelvic examination to check for any tenderness and
abnormal vaginal discharge.
You may experience some discomfort during this examination, particularly if you do
have PID.
Swabs are usually taken from the inside of your vagina and cervix. These are sent to a
laboratory to look for signs of a bacterial infection and identify the bacteria
responsible.
A positive test for chlamydia, gonorrhoea or mycoplasma genitalium supports the
diagnosis of PID.
But most women have negative swabs and this doesn't rule out the diagnosis.
As PID can be difficult to diagnose, other tests may also be required to look for signs
of infection or inflammation, or rule out other possible causes of your symptoms.
These tests may include:
a urine or blood test
a pregnancy tests
an ultrasound scan, which is usually carried out using a probe passed through the
vagina (transvaginal ultrasound)
In some cases, laparoscopy (keyhole surgery) may be used to diagnose PID.
A laparoscopy is a minor operation where 2 small cuts are made in the abdomen.
A thin camera is inserted so the doctor can look at your internal organs and, if
necessary, take tissue samples.
This is usually only done in more severe cases where there may be other possible
causes of the symptoms, such as appendicitis.
Why this issue is important and considerable? – Pelvic inflammatory disease
(PID), an infection of the female genital tract, presents a number of difficult challenges in
diagnosis and management. Adolescents in particular require aggressive care of PID to
prevent the long-term sequelae of chronic pelvic pain and infertility.
Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is an infection and inflammation of the uterus, ovaries,
and other female reproductive organs. Also, if not treated it causes scarring in these organs.
This can lead to infertility, ectopic pregnancy, pelvic pain, abscesses, and other serious
problems.
