Chapter- Gear Kinematics and Theory of Machines (KTOM) (3131906)

pitch circle diameter 𝐝 𝐃 𝑻 ω1

Module, m = = = gear ratio G = =
number of teeth 𝐭 𝐓 𝒕 ω𝟐
𝛑𝐃 𝛑𝐝
Circular pitch , Pc= = = 𝛑m
𝐓 𝐭
pitch circle radius of pinion r = m.t / 2
pitch circle radius of gear R = m.T / 2

Radius of addendum circle of pinion rA = r + Addendum

radius of addendum circle of gear RA = R + Addendum
length of the path of approach

length of the path of recess

length of path of contact KL = KP + PL

Length of path of contact 𝐊𝐋
length of arc of contact = =
cosφ cosφ
Length of the arc of contact
Contact ratio or number of pairs of teeth in contact =
Pc

Minimum number of teeth required on a pinion

Minimum Number of Teeth on the Wheel

Maximum velocity of sliding of teeth = (ω1 + ω𝟐 ) KP or PL (which is maximum)

𝟐𝝅𝑵𝟏 𝟐𝝅𝑵𝟐
ω𝟏 = , ω𝟐 =
𝟔𝟎 𝟔𝟎
pitch line speed Vp = ω1.r = ω𝟐 .R
 L.J. Institute of Engineering & Technology Semester: III (2020)

Subject Name: KINEMATICS AND THEORY OF MACHINES

Subject Code: 3131906
Facultie: SHAILESH PATEL, BHAGYADEEP KALAL, KRUSHNAKANT JANI, MILAN PANDYA
CHAPTER GEARS

NUMERICALS
1 Determine the minimum no of teeth required on pinion and wheel to avoid interference when
gear ratio is 3 and when number of teeth on pinion and wheel is equal(take pressure angle= 20 07
and addendum of wheel is 1 module.) (Dec 2010) [LJIET]
2 Two mating involutes spur gear of 20 degree pressure angle have a gear ratio of 2. The number of
teeth on the pinion is 20 and its speed is 250 rpm. The addendum on each wheel is to be made of
such a length that the line of contact on each side of the pitch point has half the maximum
07
possible length . Module pitch of the teeth is 12 mm. Find: (1) The addendum for pinion (2) The
addendum for gear wheel & (3) The length of the arc of contact. Assume pinion to be the driver.
(June 2011) (June 2014) [LJIET]
3 Two 20° involute spur gear mesh externally and give a velocity ratio of 3. The module is 3 mm
and the addendum is equal to 1.1 modules. If the pinion rotates at 120 rpm, determine:
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(i) minimum number of teeth on each wheel to avoid interference
(ii) Contact Ratio. (Dec 2012)(Jan 2016) [LJIET]
4 A pair 20deg involute gears has module of 5 mm. The pinion has 20 teeth and gear has 60 teeth.
Addendum on the pinion and gear wheel in terms of module is one. Find the followings: (1)
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Number of pairs in contact. (2) Angle turned through by the pinion and gear wheel for one pair in
contact. (June 2013) (Dec 2014-New syllabus) [LJIET]
5 Two mating gears have 20 and 40 involute teeth of module 10 mm and 20° pressure angle. The
addendum on each wheel is to be made of such a length that the line of contact on each side of
07
the pitch point has half the maximum possible length. Determine the addendum height for each
gear wheel, length of the path of contact, arc of contact and contact ratio.(June 2015) [LJIET]
6 Two gear wheels mesh externally and are to give a gear ratio of 3 to 1. The teeth are of involute
form; module = 6 mm, addendum = one module, pressure angle = 20°. The pinion rotates at 90
R.P.M. Determine: 1. The number of teeth on the pinion to avoid interference on it and the
07
corresponding number of teeth on the wheel, 2. The length of path and arc of contact, 3.The
number of pairs of teeth in contact, and 4. The maximum velocity of sliding. (June 2015-New
syllabus) [LJIET]
7 A pinion having 30 teeth drives a gear having 80 teeth. The profile of gear is involute with 20 0
pressure angle, 12 mm module and 10 mm addendum. Find the contact ratio.(Jan 2016-New 07
syllabus) [LJIET]
8 A pair of spur gears with involute teeth is to give a gear ratio of 4:1. The arc of approach is not
to be less than the circular pitch and the smaller wheel is driver. The angle of the pressure
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is 14.50 . Find: (1) The least number of teeth that can be used on each wheel, and (2) The
addendum of the wheel in terms of the circular pitch?(June 2016-New syllabus) [LJIET]
9 Two involute gears of 200 pressure angle are in mesh. The number of teeth on pinion is 20 and
the gear ratio is 2. If the pitch expressed in module is 5 mm and the pitch line speed is 1.2 m/s,
07
assuming addendum as standard and equal to one module. Find: 1. The angle turned through by
pinion when one pair of teeth is in mesh 2. The maximum velocity of sliding.(Jan 2016) [LJIET]
10 A pinion having 20 teeth of in volute form,20˚pressure angle & 6mm module drives a gear
having 40 teeth. If addendum=module find(1)addendum & pitch circle radius of the two
07
gears(2)length of path of approach(3)length of path of contact(4)Arc of contact. (Nov 2016-Old
syllabus) [LJIET]
11 Two 200 involute gears in mesh have a gear ratio of 2 and 20 teeth on the pinion. The module is
07
5mm and the pitch line speed is 1.5 m/s. Assuming addendum to be equal to one module, find (a)

KINEMATICS AND THEORY OF MACHINES (3131906) 2019 Page 1

 L.J. Institute of Engineering & Technology Semester: III (2020)

angle turned through by pinion when one pair of teeth are in mesh, and (b) maximum velocity of
sliding. (Jan 2017-New syllabus) [LJIET]
12 Two gear wheels of 10 cm and 15 cm pitch diameters have involute teeth of 1.6 diametral pitch
and pressure angle 200. The addenda are 3 mm. determine: (1) Length of path of contact (2)
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Contact ratio (3) Angle turned by pinion, while any pair of teeth in contact.(Nov 2017-New
syllabus) (Dec 2018- New Syllabus) [LJIET]
13 Two involute gears of pressure angle are rotating in mesh. The speed of smallest gear is 1400
rpm. The number of teeth on pinion is 20 and gear ratio is 2. If the addendum of pinion and wheel
is standard and equal to one module and module is 5mm.Consider pressure angle as 20.
Find: 07
(i) length of arc of contact.
(ii) velocity of sliding at the point of contact.(June 2019- New Syllabus) [LJIET]

14 A pair of involute spur gears with 16° pressure angle and pitch of module 6 mm is in mesh. The
number of teeth on pinion is 16 and its rotational speed is 240 rpm. When the gear ratio is 1.75,
find in order that the interference is just avoided; 1. The addenda on pinion and gear wheel; 2. 09
The length of path of contact; and 3. The maximum velocity of sliding of teeth on either side of
the pitch point.(Dec 2016) [LJIET]
15 Two 20o involute spur gears have a module of 10 mm. the addendum is one module.The larger
gear has 50 teeth and the pinion 13 teeth. Does the interference occur? If it occurs, to what value 09
should the pressure angle be changed to eliminate interference?(Dec 2014) [LJIET]
16 If the number of teeth in the gears 1 and 2 are 60 and 40, the module pitch =3 mm, the pressure
angle 20 degree and the addendum = 0.318 of circular pitch determine the velocity of sliding
09
when the contact is at the tip of the tooth of gear 2 and the gear 2 rotates at 800 rpm. (June 2017-
New syllabus) [LJIET]

KINEMATICS AND THEORY OF MACHINES (3131906) 2019 Page 2