SLUM REHABILITATION ACT
SUB : TOWN PLANNING
MANVIE PRUSTY / HARSHIT AGARWAL / ARSHI KHAN / ANUSHKA KULSHRESTHA
Introduction
◦ What is a slum settlement? – A slum is defined as a compact settlement with a collection of poorly
built tenements, mostly of temporary nature, crowded together usually with inadequate sanitary and
drinking water facilities in unhygienic conditions.
◦ Classification of Slum Settlements –
1. Freehold Land – Those in the inner cities, blighted areas or urban villages.
2. Squatter Settlements – Which are encroachments on private and public land.
3. Illegal Land Sub-divisions – Where Quasi/Legal land ownership but land sub-division is obtained
illegally.
4. Public or Private Leasehold Land – Such as co-operative model in resettlement colonies or urban
villages.
Terms in use under SRA
◦ Rehabilitation - The action of restoring something that has been damaged to its former condition.
◦ Urbanization - The process of making an area more urban.
◦ Affordable housing - Refers to housing units that are affordable by that section of society whose income is
below the median household income
◦ Floor space index - (total covered area on all floors of all buildings on a certain plot, gross floor area) /
(area of the plot).
◦ Tenement-any species of permanent property, as lands, houses, rents, an office, or a franchise, that may be
held of another.
◦ Lease-a contract by which one party conveys land, property, services, etc. to another for a specified time,
usually in return for a periodic payment.
◦ Land acquisition - A process where government take possession of land for public purposes for its own use
or for private entity by paying compensation to its owner.
◦ Letter of intent (LOI) - A document outlining the general plans of an agreement between two or more
parties before a legal agreement is finalized. A letter of intent is not a contract and cannot be legally
enforced; however, it signifies a serious commitment from one involved party to another.
Need for Slum Rehabilitation Act
◦ The pace of urbanization has left far behind the efforts and initiative of planners, local bodies,
housing authorities and formal real estate developers in providing affordable housing to a large
number of its residents.
◦ Today, as a result, about 50% of its residents spread over around 2397 slum clusters live in
unhygienic, deplorable, unsafe huts or shanties called slums.
◦ These slums have come up on private lands, Stale Government lands, Municipal Corporation lands,
Central Government lands and Housing Board lands.
SOURCE: https://sra.gov.in/
Organizations working towards Slum
Rehabilitation
◦ WORLD ORGANIZATIONS – UN-Habitat, GPOBA
◦ INDIAN GOVERNMENT – Ministry of Housing & Urban Poverty Alleviation
◦ HOUSING / UPGRADATION / REHABILITATION – Slum Rehab Society, SRA
◦ WATER / SANITATION – WaterAid, Water for People
◦ FOOD – Robin Hood Army, Food Ladder
◦ CHILDREN – Vidiyal, Gabriel Project Mumbai, Smile Foundation
◦ HUMAN RIGHTS – Amnesty International India
◦ WOMAN – Kriti
◦ OTHERS – Shack Dwellers International, Slum Soccer, Pollinate Energy, National Slum Dwellers
Federation
SOURCE: http://www.slums.org/organizations.html
Issues with slums
Mumbai’s 60% of population lives in the slums and
lives on only 6% of the land on Mumbai
Scarcity of water resources
Diseases caused due to unhygienic conditions
Packed living among garbage
No proper drainage
Rainwater entering houses
Transportation problem due to roads
Slum Rehabilitation Authority, Mumbai (SRA)
◦ An Act called the Maharashtra Slum Areas (Improvement. Clearance and Redevelopment) Act, 1971
was. It was accepted that when slums are to be removed for public purposes these slums have to be
relocated elsewhere.
◦ During the mid-80s, there was a paradigm shift in the Government Stand. A program called slum up-
gradation was implemented with World Bank assistance.
◦ In the current phase, the Government of Maharashtra has launched a comprehensive slum
rehabilitation scheme by introducing a concept of using land as a resource and allowing incentive
floor space index (FSI) in the form of tenements for sale in the open market.
◦ The Government of Maharashtra accepted the recommendations made by the Afzulpurkar Committee,
in the December Session of State Legislative Assembly in 1995 and amended the Maharashtra Slum
Areas (Improvement, Clearance and Redevelopment) Act, 1971 to provide for the creation of Slum
Rehabilitation Authority (SRA) with a Chairperson, a Chief Executive Officer and other members. SRA
was to function with effect from 25th December 1995
SOURCE: https://sra.gov.in/
SRA’s Responsibilities
The powers, duties and functions of the Slum Rehabilitation Authority are :
◦ To survey and review existing position regarding Slum areas in greater Mumbai.
◦ To formulate schemes for rehabilitation of slum areas.
◦ To get the slum rehabilitation scheme implemented.
◦ To do all such other acts and things as may be necessary for achieving the objective of
rehabilitation of slums.
It is the endeavor of SRA to implement the slum rehabilitation schemes by providing a single window
for all types of approvals that are required for the project namely formation of co-operative
societies, certification of eligibility of slum-dwellers, taking punitive action on non-participating slum-
dwellers obstructing the scheme, survey and measurement on slum lands grant of building permissions,
leasing of rehabilitation plots and free-sale plots and updating of property cards (PR cards).
SOURCE: https://sra.gov.in/
Organization Structure
The office of SRA, headed by Chief Executive Officer (CEO) and its functions are carried out through
the following operating departments:
◦ Secretary (Sec)
◦ Administrative Department (Admn)
◦ Public Relation Office (PRO)
◦ Information Technology Department (IT)
◦ Maintenance Department (Maint)
◦ Engineering Department (Engg)
◦ Deputy Collector Department (DyCol)
◦ Finance Department (FC)
◦ City Survey Department (CTSO)
◦ Cooperative Department (CO)
◦ Town Planning Department (TP)
◦ Legal Department (Leg)
SOURCE: https://sra.gov.in/
SOURCE: https://sra.gov.in/
Process of registering and implementing a
scheme under SRA with Officer In-charge
1. Declaration of Slum Rehabilitation Area – Deputy Collector (150 days)
2. Submission of report to government for acquisition of land – Deputy Collector (270 days)
3. Submission of scheme – Executive Engineer (74 days)
4. Acceptance of scheme – Executive Engineer (45 days)
5. Scrutiny of proposal and preparation of the report – Sub-Engineer (30 days)
6. Sanction of LOI – Executive Engineer (30 days)
7. Sanction of full OC – Executive Engineer (30 days)
8. Issue letter to concern City Survey officer for demarcation – District Superintendent (22 days)
9. Sanction of subdivision proposal – District Superintendent (60 days)
10. Registration of the society – Joint Registrar (90 days)
SOURCE: https://sra.gov.in/
SOURCE: https://sra.gov.in/
SOURCE: https://sra.gov.in/
SOURCE: https://sra.gov.in/
SOURCE: https://sra.gov.in/
SOURCE: https://sra.gov.in/
Some schemes under SRA
CASE IN POINT - MUMBAI
1. Shraddha CHS 4. Universal CHS
Village-Vileparle east Village-Deonar
Architect name-T.N. Hasan Architect-Ketan K Belsar
Developer-Etco Developers
Developer- Shraddha Estate
5. Ashosk Nagar CHS
2. Sai Krupa CHS Village-Wadhawali
Village- Malad south Architect- Rajesh
Developer- Verra Buildcon pvt ltd
Architect-Vishwas Satodia
Developer- Royal Realtor
3. Bharti CHS
Village-Deonar
Architect-Ketan K Belsar
Developer- Etco Developers
Scheme - KANYACHAPADA CHS
◦ Problem undertaken by RAVI ASHISH LAND
DEVELOPERS LTD.
◦ Architect-Mr. Jatin Bhuta
◦ Undertaken slums of village MALAD east
◦ Converted the slums into high rises
1. Attached bathrooms
2. French windows
3. Large balconies
4. From160 sqft. To 269 sq ft. flats
5. Proper fire safety on each floors
6. School built behind the building
7. Increase in business profits
8. Benefits of high property appreciation
Scheme - JAGRUTI SRA CHS
◦ Architect-Miti designers and planners
◦ Developers-Naiknavare developers Pvt. Ltd.
◦ Village-Kolekalyan,Mumbai
1. Fighting decreased and social unity increased
2. Business profit increased
3. Better hygiene
4. Health factor increased among children
5. Lifestyle improved
6. Large common areas
7. 1BHK & 2BHK (bedroom,hall, kitchen, bath,
w/c)
8. 4 roomss per floor
9. Society office per building
10. Carpet area-68.71 sqm.
Scheme - SHREE SAINATH CHS
◦ Architect- Ketan Belsare
◦ Developer- Starwing Developers pvt ltd
◦ Village- Mogra
1. 1 and 2 BHK
2. 625-864 sq.ft.
3. Vehicular parking facilities
4. Society building
5. Easily accessible to hospital,school and
airport
CASE STUDY
Bhendi Bazaar, Mumbai
HISTORY OF BHENDI BAZAAR
◦ In 1889, Bhendi Bazaar formed part of the inner-city areas that housed labourers working in the
harbour of Old Bombay, as Mumbai was known then. Proximity to the then elite market, Crawford
market, gave better business prospects for the area.
◦ The colloquial pronunciation of Behind the Bazaar (Crawford Market) became Bhendi Bazaar.
Businessmen from various communities like Dawoodi Bohra, Memons, Gujarati and Sindhi, saw the
opportunity in the area’s strategic location and moved to Bhendi bazaar.
◦ As time passed, the buildings in the area were developed in the chawl or dormitory fashion. Initially
designed to house bachelors who had moved to the city to earn a livelihood, the chawls were soon
full with entire families..
◦ But as is oft in the rest of the country, neglect by building owners, inefficient policies and increasing
population pressure resulted in the Bazaar’s gradual decline.
◦ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C1UaOfiB_6w
SOURCE - https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/specials/india-file/bhendi-bazaar-urban-indias-largest-ever-makeover/article9046482.ece
Issues
◦ Low ceiling houses
◦ Pipes go dry
◦ No proper toilets
◦ No privacy
◦ Abandoned repair works
◦ During monsoon, the ceiling drips
◦ Small vacant spaces littered with
garbage
◦ Congested and narrow streets
◦ Buildings are shaky and dilapidated
(80% have been declared unsafe)
◦ Deprived of footpaths and proper
road networks
◦ Improper waste disposal
The new Bhendi Bazaar (Proposal)
Bhendi Bazaar, one of the most underdeveloped and busiest business-cum-residential districts of the city, is
taking a big leap into the future in what's said to be the nation's largest cluster redevelopment project.
◦ The families, which were living in 80-ft dilapidated homes, are moving into 350 sq ft modern
apartments now.
◦ The project aims to add greenery, public spaces and glitzy shopping options to the 125-year-old
market-district, a holdover from the colonial days.
◦ The 125-year-old neighbourhood spanning 16.5-acres, not very far from the iconic CST, is already
home to two newly-developed towers of 36 and 41-floors which are opening a new world of modern
living for the families there.
◦ Around 610 of the over 3,200 families and 128 of the over 1,250 businesses have moved in to the
new buildings -- all for free.
◦ It is being fully funded by the Saifee Burhani Upliftment Trust, established by the late Syedna
Mohammed Burhanuddin, the former spiritual head of the Bohri Muslim community who are the vast
majority of the residents and tenants of the area.
SOURCE - https://www.livemint.com/industry/infrastructure/mumbai-s-bhendi-bazaar-takes-leap-into-future-with-mega-redevelopment-project-11583661442912.html
◦ These two towers have come up on the plot where 13 dilapidated buildings stood and form part
of the 13 towers which will be developed at the site.
◦ The redevelopment comprises 16.5 acres of land, all of which will be incorporated into a state-of-
the-art sustainable development model with wider roads, modern infrastructure, ample open
spaces and highly visible commercial areas.
◦ The project involves razing 250 mostly dilapidated medium-rise structures and building 13 high-
rise towers in their place. These towers will house existing commercial and residential tenants, who
will be given ownership of their new apartments.
◦ The two towers which are already completed and where 610 families have moved in have been
designed to include a recreational area with gardens and a kids' playground and various other
amenities like prayer room, multi-purpose hall, activity rooms, and separate gymnasium rooms for both
women and men.
◦ The commercial spaces are housed on the ground, first and second floors with street-facing
frontages.
◦ Except for the religious structures (five mosques and a mausoleum), all buildings will be brought
down.
SOURCE - https://www.livemint.com/industry/infrastructure/mumbai-s-bhendi-bazaar-takes-leap-into-future-with-mega-redevelopment-project-11583661442912.html
• While the ground plus two floors will be commercial with
underground parking, residential units with their parking will be
built on top. Even the smallest house (350 sq ft carpet area) will
have one bedroom and two bathrooms, a luxury for many Bhendi
Bazaar residents.
• Each sub-cluster will have a sewage treatment plant that will
help cut down fresh water usage by 30%.
• The orientation of the buildings will be such that there will be
plenty of cross ventilation and sea breeze to cool the dwellings
and keep AC usage minimal. All this means that the residential
buildings could see energy consumption slashed by 35-40%.
• Every tower will have its own green space on the top floor and
a podium garden which will serve as a public hang-out zone for
the residents of the building.
• The entire project should be completed by 2025.
The 41-storey Tower
SOURCE - https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/economy/infrastructure/bhendi-bazaar-rs-4000-cr-makeover-of-indias-largest-ever-cluster-redevelopment-project-
could-be-a-template-for-others/articleshow/49432897.cms
A view of Al-Sa’adah Towers at Bhendi Bazaar
Artistic Impression of completed project
Thank You
