DEVELOPMENT OF ASIAN’S EDUCATION
04 EVOLUTION OF ASIA CULTURE AND HOW IT CHANGE?
Technology in Asia has proven to be in BY NURUL IZZATY BT ZAMANURI
alliance with education in the recent years,
thus leaving behind a conservative and
static social education system and moving
to a dynamic educational system with
changes in the environment and
technology. It requires teachers and
educators to constantly acquire general
and specific knowledge to prepare
themselves for this new reality. The Asian
classroom model has adapted technology
and hybrid teaching which combines the
best of traditional techniques with the best
of technology.
For many years, Asian education was focused on exam-
oriented education with examinations playing a pivotal
role in student success. In China, students face numerous
examinations as soon as they start schooling. They adopt a Thus, it sometimes manifests as an oppressive force to
highly selective educational system, with fewer students at one’s academic and social live. Such system that holds
the higher end of educational ladder examinations are its core component downplays the
ultimate purpose of education: CRITICAL
Students who have succeeded climbing the educational
ladder are those who have passed various competitive THINKING
examinations, such as the NMET.
Exam-centric education causes extreme stress for students
because tests are regarded as a mean to prove their
worth. On a broader sense, an exam-centric system is a EXAM-ORIENTED It also help to overcome
mentalities that wrongly
system that controls what student do and do not know
EDUCATION assuming exam results and
scores provide neutral
In the 21st century, technology in Asia’s education and • Impeding Their Overall authoritative assessment of
teaching tools are presented to assist students with Development a child’s intellectual ability.
creativity, communication and higher-order thinking. • Hurts Students’ Motivation
There are several actions taken by Asian countries to In fact researchers have
And Enthusiasm,
develop this new education system such as found that high
• Squelching Their Creativity
standardized scores have
• REDUCING BOTH FREQUENCY AND IMPORTANCE
little correlation with
OF EXAMS,
memory, attention and
• TRANSFORMING PEDAGOGY
processing speed. High test
• REDUCING STUDENT’S ACADEMIC BURDEN.
scores could simply mean
a student excels at rote
memorization and multiple
REDUCING BOTH FREQUENCY AND choice test taking. Finally, it
IMPORTANCE OF EXAMS may be concluded Asian
education system is looking
Standardized tests have been used to evaluate Asian schools forward to non-standardize
since it was implemented in the 1880’s.It is a test that is testing.
administered, scored and interpreted in the same way for all
test takers
Toward the end of the eighteenth century, Asian
TRANSFORMING PEDAGOGY
The core of standardized test is score test that showing an individual’s
performance in term of how it compares to the performance of education system are undergoing drastic, significant and
others. This test has started in ancient China during the Han Dynasty
where civil service exam is conducted to choose people to work in the persistent reform. Discontent with Asian education systems
government that based on merit rather than on family status. was expressed in the late 1990 and drove a massive
reform in subsequent decades
Since then, most of Asian countries implemented it as crucial part of
their education system. Although, it may bring some positive impact as
it a metric for learning ,help pinpoint areas for improvement and help Relative shortage of creative and entrepreneurial talents,
schools evaluate progress, some of the ways standardised high levels of student experiences depression and anxiety,
assessments are done negatively impact the student declining physical health and excessive academic
In developing new education, Asian systems have been trying to
reduce both frequency and importance of school examination. burden as reasons behind this discontent. Further
For example, Singapore has limited the number of tests in primary evidence of student’s dissatisfaction is the strong desire
schools and the use of standardized tests for admissions. South Korea among students and parents in the Asian education
has also drastically reduced the importance of exams for entrance to
university
systems to escape their own education system whenever
possible
INTERNAL AND Thus, Asian systems have engaged in massive efforts to
EXTERNAL ASSESSMENTS transform pedagogy, to move away from traditional
approach of direct instruction that emphasizes knowledge
Instead of using standardized testing, internal and external assessments transmission and memorization toward students-centred
can be replaced to measure student success. and inquiry-based.
These are useful when they are used as data to helps schools improve
the quality of the teaching and learning.
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HYBRID EDUCATION
Thus, Asian systems have engaged in
massive efforts to transform FOCUSING ON TWENTY-
pedagogy, to move away from
traditional approach of direct
FIRST CENTURY SKILL
instruction that emphasizes knowledge • Creativity
transmission and memorization toward • Communication
students-centred and inquiry-based. • Collaboration
• Higher order thinking
These systems are focusing on twenty- • Emphasising student social-
first century skill such as creativity, emotional and physical health
communication, collaboration and
higher order thinking as well as
emphasising student social-emotional Hybrid education that combining
and physical health. By introducing traditional concepts and current
hybrid education in the new technology create creative
paradigm, Asian education has pedagogy in Asian context .
transforming teaching and learning
experiences to flexible environment Yet, this new system will help
and systems student to broaden their
perspective of technology and
creativity, emphasizing moral
education and explore beyond the
traditional approach. To conclude,
transforming pedagogy is one the
steps to develop new education
system
REDUCING STUDENT’S ACADEMIC BURDEN CAUSED ASIAN STUDENTS
ACADEMIC BURDEN EXPERIENCE HIGH STRESS DUE TO VARIOUS REASONS
SUCH AS
• lack of preparation,
• style of their study
• lack of needed information.
Last but not least, Asian systems have enacted policies
to reduce students’ academic burden and limit the
amount of time devoted to school subject that outside
the classroom.
For example, China has prohibited schools from offering extra
tutoring session in afterschool hours or during summer and
winter holiday
Thus, reduce the student schoolwork burden plays major
impact to promote quality education. There are few changes
in learning process that Asian education trying to approach
which focused on work smart rather than work hard
CONCLUSION
Many action are taken by Asians which reduces the
importance and frequency of exams, transforming
pedagogy and reducing students’ academic burden to
invent new education paradigm that can culture
uniquely creative and collaborative individuals .
The new paradigm may make the current educational
problems in Asian disappear without solving them, just
like the arrival automobile that wiped away the crisis
horse manure in the world’s big cities at the turn of the
20th century.
8
REFERENCES
David Scott Clegg, 2017, Why Asian Education Is Better, and Why It Is Not
https://www.huffingtonpost.com/david-scott-clegg/why-asian-education-is-
be_b_5695418.html
Wong Kit Ching, 2016, How exam-oriented curriculum kills students’ interest
http://www.ejinsight.com/20160305-how-exam-oriented-curriculum-kills-students-
interest/
Curtis Newbolt ,2018 , Not Your Mother’s Online Class
https://www.insidehighered.com/digital-learning/views/2018/08/22/hybrid-
education-breath-future-and-death-teaching-we-know-it
James Rector , 2016, 10 Big Differences between Asian and American Education
Systems
https://teachabroadnetwork.com/blog/229/10-big-differences-between-asian-and-
american-education-systems
