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Mechanism vs Machine Explained

A mechanism is a set of connected bodies where the motion of one body causes constrained motion in the others. A machine is a mechanism that transmits and modifies available mechanical energy into some type of work. The key components of a mechanism/machine are its links or elements. Each part that moves relative to another is a link. Links must have relative motion and be resistant bodies. Links connect to form kinematic pairs, where the relative motion between links is constrained. Pairs connected in a way that each link forms two pairs make up a kinematic chain.

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Moynul Hasan Rony
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225 views16 pages

Mechanism vs Machine Explained

A mechanism is a set of connected bodies where the motion of one body causes constrained motion in the others. A machine is a mechanism that transmits and modifies available mechanical energy into some type of work. The key components of a mechanism/machine are its links or elements. Each part that moves relative to another is a link. Links must have relative motion and be resistant bodies. Links connect to form kinematic pairs, where the relative motion between links is constrained. Pairs connected in a way that each link forms two pairs make up a kinematic chain.

Uploaded by

Moynul Hasan Rony
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Simple Mechanism

NAME 319
Theory of Machine
Mechanism vs Machine
• If a number of bodies are assembled in such a way that the
motion of one causes constrained and predictable motion to the
others, it is known as mechanism.
• A mechanism transmits and modifies motion
• A machine is a mechanism or a set of mechanism which, apart
from imparting definite motion to the parts, also transmits and
modifies the available mechanical energy into some kind of
desired work
Mechanism vs Machine
Kinematic link or Element
• Each part of a machine, which moves relative to some other
part, is known as a kinematic link (or simply link) or element.
• A link may consist of several parts, which are rigidly fastened
together, so that they do not move relative to one another.
• A link or element need not to be a rigid body, but it must be a
resistant body.
• A link should have the following two characteristics:

1. It should have relative motion, and


2. It must be a resistant body.
Types of Links
1. Rigid link
2. Flexible link
3. Fluid Link
Structure
• It is an assemblage of a number of resistant bodies having no
relative motion between them and meant for carrying loads
having straining action.

• So what are some of the differences between a Machine and a


Structure?????
Types of Constrained Motions
• Completely constrained motion.
• Incompletely constrained motion.
• Successfully constrained motion.
Kinematic Pair
• The two links or elements of a machine, when in contact with
each other, are said to form a pair.
• If the relative motion between them is completely or
successfully constrained, the pair is known as kinematic pair.
Classification of Kinematic Pairs
Nature of Nature of
Nature of
mechanical relative
contact
constraint motion
Sliding Pair
Self closed
Lower pair
pair Turing pair

Rolling pair

Forced- Screw pair


Higher Pair
closed pair
Spherical Pair
Classification of Kinematic Pairs
Nature of Nature of
Nature of
mechanical relative
contact
constraint motion
Sliding Pair
Self closed
Lower pair
pair Turing pair

Rolling pair

Forced- Screw pair


Higher Pair
closed pair
Spherical Pair
Kinematic Chain
• A kinematic chain may be defined as a combination of
kinematic pairs, joined in such a way that each link forms a part
of two pairs and the relative motion between the links or
elements is completely or successfully constrained.
Kinematic Chain
• If each link is assumed to form two pairs with two adjacent
links, then the relation between the number of pairs ( p )
forming a kinematic chain and the number of links ( l ) may be
expressed in the form of an equation :
𝒍 = 𝟐𝒑 − 𝟒
• Another relation between the number of links (l) and the
number of joints ( j ) which constitute a kinematic chain is given
by the expression :
𝟑
𝒋= 𝒍 −𝟐
𝟐
Types of Joints in a Chain
• Binary joint
• Ternary joint
• Quaternary joint

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