Angeles University Foundation

College of Nursing
Angeles City

“GUNITA
NG
HIMAGSIKAN”
By:

Atienza, Mikhaela

Lumanog, Kody

Macapagal, Jaymi

Santos, Shane

Tan, Abigail

Tuazon, Nyca
BACKGROUND OF THE AUTHOR:

Emilio Aguinaldo was born on March 22, 1869 in Kawit, Cavite. His father Carlos

Aguinaldo and his mother Trinidad Famy, a Chinese mestizo couple who had eight

children, the seventh of which was Emilio.

EMILIO AGUINALDO y FAMI

community’s appointed gobernadorcillo (municipal governor). He attended high school

at the Colegio de San Juan de Letran, but had to stop in his fourth year because of his

father’s death. He then took up the responsibility of helping his mother run their farm. At

17, he became the Cabeza de Barangay of Binakayan. At 25, he became Cavite Viejo’s

first gobernadorcillo capitan municipal. In 1895, he became a Freemason, joining Pilar

Lodge No, 203, Imus Cavite by the codename “Colon”. He joined the Katipunan and

used the nom de guerre Magdalo. He became the President of the First Pihillipine

Reoublic and Biak-na-Bato Republic. The battles he fought are Philippine Revolution,

Spanish – American War, and Philippine American War. Emilio Aguinaldo died in

Quezon on February 6, 1964 from cardiovascular disease. He was 94 years, 10 months

and 15 days old when he died.

Battles fought:

 Philippine Revolution

 Spanish-American War

 Philippine American War

to the government. It is now under the care of the National Historical Comissiin of

Philippines. It is commonly known as "Emilio Aguinaldo Shrine".

AGUINALDO SHRINE
HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF THE DOCUMENT:

The original memoirs in Tagalog was prepared by Aguinaldo in his own

handwriting between 1928 to 1946. Aguinaldo had a hard time in his old age. He

produced in long hand the first volume of his memoirs, "Mga Gunita ng Himagsikan

(1946) " , translated as "Memoirs of Revolution" (1967). He said that the memoirs were

based on a diary he kept, documents he preserved, and family lore gathered from his

elders. It's still unknown that if this memoir is extant or whether this a promised second

volume of memoirs that is fully written out. The book is written against the Spain and

Philippine -American War government.

The book: “GUNITA NG HIMAGSIKAN”

It was at the close of 1963 when Aguinaldo, after much deliberation, decided to

publish his memoirs. It was translated by Luz Colendrino Bucu, the Secretary of the

Graduate School of Education and Faculty Member of the Univeristy of the East and

published in 1967.
CONTEXT:

 Aguinaldo joined the Katipunan.

 Revolution began in Cavite.

THE STORY:

CHAPTER 28: My Bloodiest Fight

Under Aguinaldo’s command, the Filipino revolutionaries defeated the Spanish

troops at Cavite. They got only a few guns left by the Spaniards in the battle. General

Candido Tria Tirona and Captain Simeon Alcantara were among the casualties of this

battle. The whole province of Cavite was liberated from the Spaniards.

CHAPTER 30: Magdiwang Council Reorganiized

Cavite was liberated through the efforts of both the Magdiwang: Andres Binifacio

and Magdalo: Emillio [Link] said that Magdiwang is in Monarchial form. While

the Magdalo is in Republican form of government.

Magdiwang Council Reorganized:

MAGDIWANG MAGDALO
 Noveleta  Cavite el Viejo
 San Francisco de Malabon  Damarinas
 Rosario  Silang
 Tanza  Amadeo
 Naic  Mendez
 Ternate  Nunez
 Maragondon  Bacoor
 Magallanes  Carmona
  Bailen
 Alfonso
 Indang
 San Roque

CHAPTER 38: My Election to the Presidency

An assembly was called upon to bridge the increasing gap between the

Magdieang and Magdalo factions. The assembly turned out to be an election of leaders

for the new revolutionary government. Aguinaldo was elected President while Bonifacio

was elected Director of the Interior. Daniel Tirona objected to the election of Andres

Bonifacio as Director of the Interior on the ground that he was not a lawyer. Bonifacio

walked out of the assembly, after proclaiming the result of the convention null and

invalid. Aguinaldo was at Pasong Santol in Dasmarinas on March 22, 1897. He learned

of his election as President of the new revolutionary government. Aguinaldo’s brother,

General Crispulo Aguinaldo persuaded him to go to Tejeros to take his oath of office. At

7:00 in the evening, Aguinaldo Trias, and Riego de Dios took their oaths of office. On

March 24, 1897, Aguinaldo received news that Bonifacio and his ministers met in a

council as passed a resolution declaring null and void the meeting at Tejeros. Aguinaldo

revealed the plot of Bonifacio to kidnap him. Pasong Santol fell in the hands of the

Spaniards.

CHAPTER 42: Military Court

Five changes were made against the Bonifacio brothers. A military court was

created with Colonel Jose Lipana as presiding judge.

The Bonifacio brothers were found guilty and sentenced to death. Aguinaldo

commuted to sentence to banishment. Generals Pio del Pilar and Mariano Noel

persuaded Aguinaldo to impose the original sentence.

CONTRIBUTION OF THE DOCUMENT:

It gives an insight into the personal thoughts and feelings of Aguinaldo which will

help in a deeper understanding of Philippine History. Aguinaldo's memoirs which is a

fisrt hand narrative of the first Philippine Republic President offers a different

perspective and provides a basis for corroboration of other historical sources • It is an

attempt of Aguinaldo to wash his hands on the tragic death of Andres Bonifacio; thus it

is a way of vindicating himself from negative aspersions against him.

RELEVANCE OF THE DOCUMENT:

Issues affecting contemporary leadership were cause or rooted from the past.

The power struggle and lack of unity.

[Link]