International Conference on Communication and Information Processing

(ICCIP-2019)
Available on: Elsevier-SSRN

Harmony Vertical Axis Wind Turbine

Kalpana Malvadkar*a, Akash Malib, Namrata Yemulc, Prof. Mrutyunjay Pattedd

a, b, c Student, BSIOTR, Pune 412207, India

d Assistant Professor BSIOTR, Pune 412207, India

Abstract

In this paper we present our innovative wind turbine structure for enhancing efficiency for various applications. The smart
wind turbine consists of curvy savonius blades which are connected to the shaft. The blades are designed in a such a way
that, if wind strikes on any one part of blade (i.e. left side or right side of the shaft ) the wind turbine rotate effectively on
its own axis and in only one direction i.e. clockwise direction. The AC generator is connected to the lower part of the wind
turbine which converts mechanical energy to electrical energy. The generated electrical energy is stored in battery by
converting AC voltage into DC voltage with the help of Rectifier & gets stabilized by regulated Module. This stored
energy which can be further used for home lighting, street lighting, toll gates etc. Hence our prototype module has been
developed and analyzed in real atmosphere. This project idea does not required heavy towers, Protects against the
breakage of blades, works effectively even if wind changes in directions.

Keywords- AC Synchronous Generator, Battery Storage, Blade design of VAWT, Renewable Energy Source.

© 2019 – Authors.

1. Introduction

Now a day electricity demand is more than production of electrical energy. Today most of energy is
fulfill by fossil fuel. Current energy scenario shows that there is not an adequate amount of energy for
future. These fossil fuels are going to deplete one day. Also the fossil fuel has major role in production of
greenhouse gases, global warming, etc. so it becomes necessary to generate energy from other sources.
Renewable energy source is an alternative solution for this problem. One major advantage of renewable
energy is that it sustainable, non-pollutant & non-contributor to green-house effects and global warming.
Wind is additional economic power supply than solar power, compared to solar panels, wind turbines
release less CO2 to the atmosphere, consume less energy, and produce more energy overall.
In wind energy system we have two types, horizontal & vertical axis wind turbine. VAWT do not need to
be at great height to produce energy, since they boot at low wind speed. Horizontal axis wind turbine
requires tall tower & long blade structure, mechanically more complex, difficult maintenance because all
the machinery & equipment are mounted at taller height. Also it requires a yaw mechanism to adjust with
changing wind direction. If wind speed exceeds the withstand capacity of turbine which pro duces huge
stress on turbine blade and hub. This huge stress can crack the turbine blades and hub permanently. To
setup this system again it becomes too costly to install. The vertical axis rotary engine doesn't expertise this
stress. They produce a low or zero noise pollution, which means that it can easily be adapted to urban noise
pollution regulations.

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2 K. Malvadkar et al./ICCIP 2019

2. Objective of Project

 Comparison of proposed harmony wind turbine with the traditional vertical axis in turbine to utilize the
wind fully.
 Comparison study with horizontal axis wind turbine.
 To design, analyze & calculate the performance of vertical axis wind turbine.
 To operate for different wind speed conditions.
 Contribution to RES Lab in our electrical engineering department.

In changed vertical axis rotary engine we tend to twist the blade of the rotary engine to achieve most spin
on low of the wind. This turbine works under all the environmental condition. This design of the blade
enables the turbine to rotate in clockwise and anticlockwise directions.

3. Proposed system

Fig 1: Block diagram

3.1 Harmony wind turbine

The harmony vertical axis wind turbine is used to convert the kinetic energy of wind into mechanical
energy. The light weight blade materials (PVC) are used for making the vertical axis wind turbine. To achieve
the bidirectional motion of the turbine the blades are bended by 30ᵒ angle curve shape and shaft of the turbine
connected to the shaft of generator.

3.2 AC Generator

It is needed to convert the energy generated by the rotary engine into current. In this application, since the
wind speed is not constant, the rotational speed of the turbine will be varying frequently, the generator should be
of low rpm rating. For our prototype model we used ac generator of low rpm high torque rating.

3.3 Rectifier & Regulator Module

The rectifier circuit takes the energy from wind generator (AC) and converts the generated voltage into DC
voltage. The pulsating DC voltage gets regulated by the regulator circuit. The LM317 based regulator circuit is
used for adjusting the output.

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Harmony Vertical Axis Wind Turbine 3

3.4 Boost Converter

A boost converter or step up converter is a DC to DC power converter that steps up the voltage from its
input to its output. It is a class of switched mode power supply containing two semiconductors (a diode & a
transistor) and combination of energy storage element like capacitor and inductor.

3.5 Battery

The output of generator is given to the battery for electric energy storage purpose. This battery is lead acid
type battery and also restorable. The supply of generator is given to the battery through a rectifier & regulator
module and boost converter circuit.

4. Design specification and Ratings

4.1 Blade design

Blades are arranged in HELIX position. The blades are arranged in such a position that it utilized the wind
evenly. Pair of 3 blades is arranged in sequential manner so that each pair will contribute for 120ᵒ angle. Each
blade is twisted in curve shape. This blade coves the wind pockets more efficiently as compared to the other
vertical axis wind turbine.

4.2 Designing of harmony turbine:

Component used: PVC Material

 Length of each blade : 24.1 cm

 Length of turbine : 115 cm
 Diameter of turbine including shaft diameter : 60 cm
 Shaft diameter :
Inner diameter – 4.2 cm
Outer diameter – 4.7 cm

Fig 2: Catia Design of project Fig 3: Actual Design of Project

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4 K. Malvadkar et al./ICCIP 2019

4.3 Generator Design

 1 phase, 230V AC, 50Hz, low RPM high voltage

4.4 Rectifier & Regulator

 LM 317 based regulator IC
 Input voltage : 5 to 35V AC
 Regulated output voltage : 1.25 to 30V
 Maximum current : 1 Amp

4.5 Boost Converter

 XL6009 DC-DC adjustable step up module
 Input voltage : 3 to 33V
 Output voltage : 5 to 35V

4.6 Battery specification

 Rechargeable Lead Acid Battery
 Voltage & current range : 12volt
 Current Range : 7.5Ah

5. Result

Testing of Prototype HAWT & Harmony VAWT

In order to see the effectiveness of the product that were manufactured, we performed tests to
evaluate them. For comparison we had tested the prototype horizontal axis wind turbine used in our RES lab and
harmony vertical axis wind turbine for different loads such as LED, lamp. We have tested the output voltage,
current, power of both the turbines for same speed of rotor for different load and also compared the speed for
producing the same output voltage. Following table shows these two cases.

Case A: For different loads

1) Lamp

Table 1: Testing for Lamp load

Wind turbine Rotor Output Current (mA) Power (mW)

RPM Voltage (DC)
Horizontal Axis Wind 40 1.1 3 3.3
Turbine

Harmony Vertical Axis 40 2 4 8

Wind Turbine

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2) LED

Table 2: Testing for LED load

Wind turbine Rotor Output Voltage Current (mA) Power (mW)

RPM (DC)
Horizontal Axis Wind 69 1.6 3 8
Turbine

Harmony Vertical Axis 69 2.65 4 13.25

Wind Turbine

Fig 4: Testing of Harmony VAWT Fig 5: Testing of HAWT

Case B: Speed for producing same output voltage

Table 3: Test result of speed for producing same output voltage

Rotor RPM Output Voltage Current

(DC)
Horizontal Harmony
Axis Wind Vertical Axis
Turbine Wind Turbine
69 40 2.5 v 10 mA

The table noticeably shows that the new design of harmony vertical axis wind turbine performs better
than the horizontal axis wind turbine configurations. The new design of wind turbine produces same voltage
& current at lower speed compared to horizontal axis wind turbine.
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6 K. Malvadkar et al./ICCIP 2019
6. Conclusion

This new design of harmony vertical axis wind turbine harness more wind speed compared to the
traditional vertical axis wind turbine, as if air strikes on one part of wind turbine its innovative design forces
the complete wind turbine to rotate on its own axis. Also it can use for both high and low wind speed. The
result effectively shows that the harmony wind turbine produces same voltage at lower speed compared to
horizontal axis wind turbine.

7. Future Scope

 As this proposed system uses PVC material to build wind turbine instead of this if Acrylic Plastic Sheet
material is used it will yield to more output.
 Development of effective alternator and dynamos can be used to harness wind energy more efficiently
form relatively small winds.
 With the proper attention from local authorities highway side implementation can provide a reliable source
of energy for lighting street lamps.

References

[1] Dr. Shivprakash BhagwatraoBarve And Piyush Gulvesee “Design and construction of vertical axis
wind turbine’’ International journal of mechanical engineering and technology (IJMET),ISSN 0976 –
6359, Volume 5, Issue 10, pp. 148-155 October (2014)
[2] Magedi Moh. M. Saad, a, Norzela wati Asmuin “Comparison of Horizontal Axis Wind Turbines and
Vertical Axis Wind Turbines” IOSR Journal of Engineering (IOSRJEN) ISSN: 2278-8719, Vol. 04,
Issue 08, V2, PP 27-30 (August. 2014)
[3] Prasanth, G., and T. Sudheshnan. "A Renewable Energy Approach by Fast Moving Vehicles." In
Proceedings of the National Seminar & Exhibition on Non-Destructive Evaluation NDE, pp. 8-10.
2011. Scott Campbell &ArcadiiGrinshpan, "Maximum Efficienscy of a Wind Turbine" an
Undergraduate Journal of Mathematical Modeling University of South Florida, Volume 6, Issue 2,
Article 2, 2016.
[4] S. V. Saravanan, M. Varatharaj, L. Ayyadurai, S. Palani& D. Prem “Design and Fabrication of Vertical
Axis Highway Windmill” International Journal of Advanced Electrical and Electronics Engineering
(IJAEEE), ISSN (Print): 2278-8948, Volume-2, Issue-2, 2013
[5] M.Z.I.Sajid, Dr. K.Hema Chandra Reddy and Dr. E.L.Nagesh, “Design of Vertical Axis Wind Turbine
for Harnespsing Optimum Power”, International Journal of Mechanical Engineering & Technology
(IJMET), Volume 4, Issue 2, 2013, pp. 172 - 177, ISSN Print: 0976 – 6340, ISSN Online: 0976 – 6359.

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Authors Biographies

Kalpana Malvadkar has received her diploma in Electrical Engineering from

MSBTE Mumbai, INDIA in 2016 and pursuing Bachelor of Electrical Engineering
from JSPM’S, BSIOTR, Wagholi, Savitribai Phule University Pune, INDIA, 2019.
Her area of interest in Electrical Power System, Renewable Energy, Electrical
Machines, etc.

Akash Mali received his HSE, Latur Board, Maharashtra, INDIA in 2015 and
pursuing Bachelor of Electrical Engineering from JSPM’s, BSIOTR, Wagholi,
Savitribai Phule University Pune, INDIA, 2019. His area of interest are in
Renewable Energy, Power System, High Voltage Engineering & Basic Electrical,
etc.

Namrata Yemul has received her diploma in Electrical Engineering from MSBTE
Mumbai, INDIA in 2016 and pursuing Bachelor of Electrical Engineering from
JSPM’S, BSIOTR, Wagholi, Savitribai Phule University Pune, INDIA, 2019. Her
area of interest in Electrical Machines, Renewable Energy, Switchgear & Protection,
etc.

Mrutyunjay Patted is presently working as an Assistant professor in JSPM’S

BSIOTR, wagholi, pune. He is having teaching experience of 5 years and 1 year of
industrial experience with Master Degree specialization in Power electronics. His
area of interest are in Renewable Energy System, Analog & Digital Electronics, etc.

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