1st Quarter in Mathematics 10

Name:________________________________________________________Date:___________
Grade and section:______________________
SEQUENCE
A sequence is a set of numbers written in successions. Each number of the sequence is called term. It is a
function whose domain is the finite set {1,2,3,...n} or the infinite set {1,2,3,...}
We often encounter sequences that form a pattern such as that in the sequence.
Special Sequence
Fibonacci sequence is a mathematical sequence consisting of a sequence in which the next term originates
by addition of the previous two.
Example: 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8,...
Harmonic sequence is a sequence such that the reciprocals of the terms form an arithmetic sequence.
1 1 1 1
Example: , , , ,... is harmonic since their reciprocal is 2, 6, 10, 14,...
2 6 10 14
Arithmetic sequence is a sequence where every term after the first is obtained by adding a constant called
the common difference.
Example: 1, 3, 5, 7...
NOTE: 3 – 1 = 2, 5 – 3 = 2, 7 – 5 = 2 the common difference is 2.
Geometric sequence is a sequence where each term after the first is obtained by multiplying the preceding
term by a nonzero constant called the common ratio.
Example: 2, 4, 8, 16,...
NOTE: 4/2 = 2, 8/4 = 2, 16/8 = 2 the common ratio 2 is obtain by dividing any term by the preceding term.

Listing The Terms In A Sequence

Example: Write the first four term of the sequence
an = 2n + 1
Solution: Substitute the natural numbers from 1 to 4 for n one after the other.
a1 = 2(1) + 1 = 2 + 1 = 3 a3 = 2(3) + 1 = 6 + 1 = 7
a2 = 2(2) + 1 = 4 + 1 = 5 a4 = 2(4) + 1 = 8 + 1 = 9
The first four terms of the sequence are 3,5,7,9.

ACTIVITY 2: Term after Term

Direction: Write the first 5 term of the sequence described by each equation.
an 1 2 3 4 5
1. an = 4n
2. an = 2n – 1
3. an = 3n
4. an = n/3
5. an = 3n + 5

ACTIVITY 1: What’s next?

Direction: By the following pattern, write the next three terms and determine what kind of special sequence is
given.
1. 1 2 3 4 6. 4 12 36 108

2. 3 1 -1 -3 7. 1 4 7 10

1 1 1 1 8. 9 4 -1 -6
3.
4 6 8 10
9. 2 3 5 8
4. y y2 y3 y4
10. 1 3 9 27
1 2 4
5. 1
3 3 3
 1st Quarter in Mathematics 10
Name:________________________________________________________Date:___________
Grade and section:______________________
ARITHMETIC SEQUENCE
An arithmetic sequence is a sequence where every term after the first is obtained by adding a constant
called the common difference.
An arithmetic sequence is a sequence such that an – an-1 = d for all natural numbers n > 1.
The nth term of an arithmetic sequence is defined as an = a1 + (n – 1)d,
Where a1 = the first term n = the number of term
an = the nth term d = the common difference
Examples:
A. The first term of an arithmetic is 4 and the C. In an arithmetic sequence a3 = 10 and a6 = 19,
common difference is 2. Find the ninth term. find a1 and d.
Solution: a1 = 4, d = 2 and n = 9 Solution: a3 = 10 and a6 = 19
an = a1 + (n – 1)d a 6−a 3 9
d= d= = 3
a9 = 4 + (9 – 1)2 6−3 3
a9 = 4 + (8)2 19−10
d=
a9 = 4 + 16 = 20 6−3
NOTE: If the common difference is not known, it a6 = 19, d = 3 and n = 6
must be found before the formula is applied. an = a1 + (n – 1)d 19 = a1 + 15
a3 = a1 + (6 – 1)3 19 – 15 = a1
B. Find the fifteenth term of the arithmetic
19 = a1 + (5)3 4 = a1
sequence 25, 21, 17, 13,…
Solution: d = 21 – 25 = -4
D. If a1 = 15, an = 395 and d = 5, find the value of
a1 = 25, n = 15 and d = -4
n.
an = a1 + (n – 1)d
Solution: a1 = 5, an = 395 and d = 5
a15 = 25 + (15 – 1)(-4)
an = a1 + (n – 1)d
a15 = 4 + (14)(-4)
395 = 15 + (n – 1)(5)
a15 = 4 – 48 = 44
395 = 15 + 5n – 5
395 = 5n + 15 – 5
395 = 5n + 10
395 – 10 = 5n
385 = 5n
77 = n

ACTIVITY 1: FIND ME!

A. Determine whether or not each sequence is
arithmetic. Find the common difference for each C. Find a1 and d for an arithmetic with the given
arithmetic sequence. terms.
________________1. 4, 7, 10, 13,… 1. a4 = 9 and a7 = 18
________________2. 6, 16, 26, 36,… 2. a5 = 19 and a8 = 40
________________3. 7, -14, 28, -56,… 3. a7 = 6 and a12 = 21
________________4. 5, 7, 9, 11,… 4. a3 = 14 and a6 = 29
________________5. 4, 12, 36, 108,… 5. a7 = -5 and a11 = 11

B. Find the specific term of each sequence. D. Find the number of term with the given.
1. a1 = 3, d = 2; a7 1. a1 = 4, an = 184 and d = 9
2. a1 = 9, d = 9; a8 2. a1 = 2, an = -82 and d = -2
3. 5, 7, 9, 11,…a12 3. a1 = 5, an = 17 and d = 2
4. a1 = 4, d = 6; a8 4. a1 = 8, an = -25 and d = -3
5. 24, 21, 18, 15,…a19 5. a1 = 2.5, an = 13 and d = 1.
 1st Quarter in Mathematics 10
Name:________________________________________________________Date:___________
Grade and section:______________________
I. Fill in the blanks: Complete and continue each sequence. Describe the pattern.
1. 8, 13, 18, ______, 28, ______
2. 1, -1, 1, -1, 1, _____, _____
3. 1, 16, 81, 256, _____
2 3 4 5 8
4. , , , ,¿ ,¿ , ,¿
3 4 5 6 9
3 5
5. 1 , ,2 , ,¿
2 2
II. Determine the common difference if the sequence is arithmetic, otherwise write BLUFF.
_____________1. 25, 21, 17, 13, 9,...
_____________2. 1, 3, 9, 27, 81,...
_____________3. -1, 4, 9, 14, 19,...
6 7 8 9
______________4. 1, , , , ,...
5 5 5 5
1 1 1 1 1
______________5. 1, , , , , ,...
2 3 4 5 6
III. Answer the following:
A. Find the specific term of each sequence.
1. a1 = 5, d = 2; a7
2. a1 = 11, d = 6; a12
3. a1 = 9, d= -6; a6
4. 16, 4, -8, -20,...a10
5. 1,4,7,10,…a12

B. Find a1 and d for an arithmetic with the given terms.

1. a2 = 16 and a5 = 24
2. a1 = 7and a5 = 19
3. a4 = 8 and a10 = 20

C. Find the number of term with the given.

1. a1 = 2, an = 152 and d = 5
2. a1 = 4, an = 28 and d = 28
3. a1 = 5, an = 37 and d = 37
 1st Quarter in Mathematics 10
Name:________________________________________________________Date:___________
Grade and section:______________________
ARITHMETIC MEAN/S
Arithmetic Mean are the terms between any two given terms of an arithmetic sequence.
Examples:
A. Insert the three arithmetic NOTE: If a, m, b forms an
means between 6 and 26. arithmetic sequence, then m is the
Solution: Let a1=6 and a5=26. The arithmetic mean of a and b.
sequence can be represented by 6, a+ b
m=
a2, a3, a4, 26 2
a 5−a1
d=
5−1 B. Insert an arithmetic mean
26−6 between 2 and 28.
d=
5−1 a+ b
Solution: m=
20 2
d=
4 = 5 2+28
m=
Therefore: a2 = 6+5 = 11 2
a3 = 11+5 = 16 30
m= =15
a4 = 16+5 = 21 2
6, 11,16,21,26 Therefore the sequence is
2, 15, 28

Activity: What can you insert?

I. Find the common difference using the following terms of the arithmetic sequence.
1. 4th term is 11; 10th term is 29 2. 10th term is 35; 15th term is 55

3. 8th term is 4; 18th term is – 96 4. 7th term is – 25; 12th term is – 45

II. Find the arithmetic mean in each of the following.

1. 33,_____, 61 2. -22,_____, 8 3. 56, _____, 16

III. Find the arithmetic means in each of the following.

1. 53,_____ ,_____ ,_____, 77 2. 6, _____, ______, _____, 54

3. 68, _____, ______, ______, ______, 3 4. 10, _____, ______, ______, _______, _______. 40
 1st Quarter in Mathematics 10
Name:________________________________________________________Date:___________
Grade and section:______________________
ARITHMETIC SERIES
A series is the indicated sum of the terms of a sequence. An arithmetic series is the sum of the terms of
a arithmetic sequence.
Examples:
REMEMBER: The formula for a. Find
b. Find the sum of the first fifteen terms, S15, the sum
of an of the first
arithmetic ten terms
series if a1 =of
-5the
andarithmetic
a15 = 23. sequence 4, 10,
the sum of the first n terms in an 16,... n
arithmetic sequence is sn= (a 1+ an )
Solution: a1 = 4 d =2 6 n = 10, Sn = ?
n Determine the value 15 of an Now solve for Sn\
sn= (a 1+ an ) s15= (−5+23)
2 2 n
Where: Sn = sum an = a1 + (n-1)d sn= (a 1+ an )
s15=7.5 ( 18 ) 2
a1= first term 10
n = number of terms a10 = 4 + (10 – 1)(6) s10= (4 +58)
2
an = last term a10 = 4 + (9)(6) s10=5 ( 62 )
a10 = 4 + (54) S10 = 310
Activity: SUMTHING TO DO
I. Find the sum of the following sequence.
1. 3,5,7,9,... S8 2. 1, –3, –7, –11,... S10

3. 14, 11, 8, 5,... S9 4. a1 = 7, a12 = 29

II. Answer the following word problem.

1. Find the sum of the first 10 terms if the first 2. Find the sum of the first 16 terms of the
term is 3 and the common difference is 4. sequence –18, –15, –12,...