MA 511: Computer Programming
Lecture 2:
http://www.iitg.ernet.in/psm/indexing_ma511/y10/index.html
Partha Sarathi Mandal
[email protected] Dept. of Mathematics, IIT Guwahati
Semester 1, 2010-11
Largest of the set of numbers
START
READ NUMBER
LARGEST NUMBER
ANY MORE No
WRITE LARGEST
NUMBERS
?
Yes STOP
READ NUMBER
No IS Yes
NUMBER > LARGEST NUMBER
LARGEST
MA511: Computer Programming
Partha S Mandal, IITG
Exercise
1. Celsius to Fahrenheit conversation.
2. The largest of a set of numbers.
3. Given integer is prime or composite.
4. LCM of two given integers.
5. GCD of two given integers.
6. Solve: Ax^2 + Bx + C = 0
7. The Fibonacci numbers:
Let a0 = 1 and a1 = 1, and an be given by the following
recursive definition: an = an-1 + an-2
MA511: Computer Programming
Partha S Mandal, IITG
Exercise
8. Write a program which takes in a positive
integer and prints one factorization of it into
primes.
MA511: Computer Programming
Partha S Mandal, IITG
Example C Program
Preprocessor directive, stdio.h is included in the compiled
machine code at # . It contains the standard I/O routines.
Must be in the first column. Must not end with a semicolon.
/* Calculate the area of a circle */ main() is a function, is required in all C
#include<stdio.h> pgs, it indicate start of a C pgs., main() it
main(){ is not followed by a comma or
semicolon.
float radius, area;
printf("Radius = ? "); Braces { and } enclosed the
scanf("%f", &radius); computations carried out by
main()
area = 3.14159 * radius * radius;
printf("Area = %f", area);
} /* end of main */ Every statement is
Declaration : it informs the terminated by a semicolon
compiler that radius and
area are variables names Comments (remarks) are placed
and that individual boxes anywhere within the program within
must be reserved for them delimiters /* end of main */ or // end…
in the memory of Computer
MA511: the Programming
computer. Partha S Mandal, IITG
Example C Program
Symbolic constant is a name that substitutes for a
sequence of characters; numeric, character or string
/* Calculate the area of a circle */ constant. It is replaced by its corresponding character
#include<stdio.h> constant during compile
#define PI 3.14159
main(){
float radius, area;
int i, n; printf & scanf are not part of the C language;
printf("n = ? "); there is no input or output defined in C itself.
scanf("%d", &n); Its just a useful function from the standard
for(i=1; i<= n; i=i+1){ library of functions that are normally
printf("Radius = ? "); accessible to C pgs. The behavior of printf &
scanf("%f", &radius); scanf are defined in the ANSI standard.
area = PI * radius * radius;
printf("Area = %f\n", area);
} /* end of for */
for is looping statement , the 1st expression specifies
} /* end of main */ nd
an initial value for an index, 2 determines whether or
not the loop is continued, 3rd allows the index to be
MA511: Computer Programming
modified at the end of each pass.
Partha S Mandal, IITG
Data types
1. Integer constant
int a, b; (for 32bit machine )
long int a, b;
Signed (- 231 to + 231 -1), Unsigned : (0 to 232 -1)
short int a, b;
Signed: Considered 16 bit integer with range (- 215 = -32768 to + 215 -1 =
+32767), Unsigned (0 to (216 -1)=65535)
2. Floating point constant
float a = 2.0, b = 0.9999, sum = 0.; [restricted within 3.4 x 10-38 to 3.4 x 1038 ]
double fact = 0.11236E-6; [0. 11236 x 10-6] [within 1.7 x 10-308 to 1.7 x 10308 ]
3. Character constant
char a = ‘x’, b = ‘3’, c = ‘#’, text[18] = “kolkata”;
4. String constant
string a = “Delhi, 100011”, b = “$20.95”;
MA511: Computer Programming
Partha S Mandal, IITG
Data types
1. Integer constant
int a, b; (for 32-bit machine)
long int a, b;
Signed (- 231 to + 231 -1),
Unsigned : (0 to 232 -1)
short int a, b;
Signed: Considered 16 bit integer
with range (- 215 = -32768 to + 215 -1 =
+32767), Unsigned (0 to (216 -
1)=65535)
MA511: Computer Programming
Partha S Mandal, IITG
Variable declaration
int i,j,k;
long p,q;
short s;
unsigned u;
float r;
double dr;
long double lr;
char c, text[10];
MA511: Computer Programming
Partha S Mandal, IITG
Operators
Operator purpose
+ addition
- subtraction
* multiplication
/ division
% remainder after integer division
(module operator)
MA511: Computer Programming
Partha S Mandal, IITG
Operands conversion
• float @ double = double @ : operator
• float @ long double = long double
• float @ char/long int/short int/int = float
• long int @char/short int/int = long int
int i = 7;
float f = 5.5;
char c = ‘w’ [w= 119 (ASCII) American Standard Code for
Information Interchange]
i+f = 12.5 float
i+c = 126 int
i+c-’0’ = 78 int [zero, 0= 48 (ASCII)]
(i+c)-(2*f/5) = 123.8 float
MA511: Computer Programming
Partha S Mandal, IITG
