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Matrix Structural Analysis Lecture 2: Static and Kinematic Indeterminacy

This document discusses static and kinematic indeterminacy in beams, trusses, and frames. It provides equations to determine if a structure is statically determinate, indeterminate, or unstable based on the number of reactions, equations of conditions, members, and joints. It also defines kinematic indeterminacy as the total degrees of freedom of a structure minus the number of restraints or reactions. The number of degrees of freedom at a node depends on the possible displacements, such as 1 DOF for translation in a bar element, and 3 DOFs for translation and rotation at a frame node.

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225 views2 pages

Matrix Structural Analysis Lecture 2: Static and Kinematic Indeterminacy

This document discusses static and kinematic indeterminacy in beams, trusses, and frames. It provides equations to determine if a structure is statically determinate, indeterminate, or unstable based on the number of reactions, equations of conditions, members, and joints. It also defines kinematic indeterminacy as the total degrees of freedom of a structure minus the number of restraints or reactions. The number of degrees of freedom at a node depends on the possible displacements, such as 1 DOF for translation in a bar element, and 3 DOFs for translation and rotation at a frame node.

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TSTRUCT3 Matrix Structural Analysis

Lecturer: Rodolfo Mendoza Jr, MSc De La Salle University, Taft, Manila

TSTRUCT3 Matrix Structural Analysis

Lecture 2: Static and Kinematic Indeterminacy

Static Determinacy of Beams, Trusses and Frames

 Beams

a. If r < c+3 ; Beam is unstable


b. If r = c+3 ; Beam is statically determinate and stable
c. If r > c+3 ; Beam is statically indeterminate

 Truss

a. If b+r < 2j + c ; Truss is unstable


b. If b+r = 2j + c ; Truss is statically determinate
c. If b+r > 2j + c ; Truss is statically indeterminate

 Frame
a. If 3b+r < 3j + c ; Frame is stable
b. If 3b+r = 3j + c ; Frame is statically determinate
c. If 3b+r > 3j + c ; Frame is statically indeterminate

where:
r = number of reactions
c = number of equations of conditions, i.e. c = 1 for hinged between supports
c = 2 for roller between supports, c = 0 for beam without internal connection
b = number of bars/members
j = number of joints

Note:
For conditions (b) and (c), the structure may still be unstable due to improper arrangement of supports.
Such structures are referred as geometrically unstable externally (e.g. all member reaction are concurrent
or parallel or some of the components form a collapsible mechanism).

Kinematic Indeterminacy

Degree of Kinematic Indeterminacy

- is equal to the total number of the degree-of-freedom (DOF) of a structure that must be
constrained to ensure zero displacement of the structure including boundary conditions. It is equal
to the total number of DOFs of the structure minus the total number of restraint or reactions.

Nodes

- are points wherein equilibrium will be enforced and displacements are found. They are generally
located at the end of members, for most common structural shape such as rods and beams. It also
possible however that node may be present at interior points of a member.
TSTRUCT3 Matrix Structural Analysis

Lecturer: Rodolfo Mendoza Jr, MSc De La Salle University, Taft, Manila

Degree-of-Freedom

- The number of degree of freedom at a node is equal to the number of possible displacement
(translation and rotation) of the nodes. That is the number of displacement that needs to be
specified in order to define uniquely the position of the node equal to the number of degrees of
freedom of that node. Therefore, for a one dimensional bar or rod elements, where displacements
are restricted to a translation in the axial direction of the bar, each node has a single degree of
freedom. For a two truss dimensional element, each node has two degrees of freedom
corresponding to translations in the x and y direction. For a two-dimensional frame, each node has
the capability to translate in two translational directions and rotate in about one axis; therefore
each node has a total of three degrees of freedom. For a two-dimensional beam element, we have
one translation and one rotation about one axis, therefore, we have two degrees of freedom.

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