Initial

InitialEnvironmental
Environmental
Examination
Examination Report
Report

UNIVERSITY SPORTS COMPLEX

University of the Philippines Diliman Project

Prepared by:
Aiza G. Santos
Prepared by:
Andrew V. Lina
Aiza G. Santos
Angel
Andrew U.V. Gacutan
Lina
Angel
Angel Frances
U. GacutanM. Salcedo
Sytharith
Angel Frances Pen M. Salcedo
Sytharith Pen
October 2, 2013
October 2, 2013
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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Table of Contents i
List of Tables iv
List of Figures v
List of Abbreviations vi

Executive Summary 1
1 Basic Project Information 3
2 Description of the IEE Process 4
2.1. Terms of Reference of the IEE Study 4
2.2. The IEE Team and Tasks Designation 4
2.3. IEE Study Schedule 5
2.4. IEE Study Area 6
2.5. IEE Methodology 6
2.5.1. Reconnaissance Survey and Data Gathering. 6
2.5.2. Baseline Characterization and Impact Assessment 7
2.5.3. Environmental Management Plan Methodology 8
3 Project Description 11
3.1. Project Cost 11
3.2. Project Area Coverage 11
3.2.1. Site Development Plan 11
3.2.2. Total Land Area of the Project 13
3.3. Proposed Designs and Plans 14
3.3.1. Perspective Plans 14
3.3.2. Floor Plans 15
3.3.3. Elevation Plans 17
3.4. Description of Project Phases 19
3.4.1. Pre-Construction Phase 19
3.4.2. Construction Phase 19
3.4.3. Operational Phase 22
3.4.4. Abandonment Phase 25
4 Baseline Environmental Conditions 26
4.1. Physical Resources 26
4.1.1. The Air 26
[Link]. Climate and Meteorology 26
[Link]. Ambient Air Quality 29
4.1.2. The Water 30
[Link]. Water Characterization 30
[Link]. Hydrology 32
[Link]. Flooding 33
4.1.3. The Land 35
[Link]. Geomorphology 35

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[Link]. Topography 36
[Link]. Seismicity 37
[Link]. Landslide Vulnerability 38
[Link]. Liquefaction Susceptibility 38
4.1.4. The Noise 39
[Link]. Existing Noise Level Conditions 39
4.2. Biological Resources 40
4.2.1. Flora Diversity 41
4.2.2. Fauna Diversity 45
[Link]. Amphibians and Reptiles 45
[Link]. Birds 46
[Link]. Mammals 47
4.3. Socio-Economic Setting 48
4.3.1. Existing Structures and Facilities 48
4.3.2. Population Characteristics and Employment 49
4.3.4. Land Use 50
4.3.5. Housing and Settlement 51
4.3.6. Education 52
4.3.7. Healthcare Services 52
4.3.8. Utilities 53
4.3.9. Transport Infrastructure and Traffic 54
4.3.10. Commercial Units 57
5 Impact Assessment and Mitigation/Enhancement Measures 58
5.1. Reviews of Laws, Policies, Regulations, and Guidelines 58
5.2. Impact Analysis and Corresponding Mitigation/Enhancement Measures 62
5.2.1. Air Environment 62
5.2.2. Surface Water Environment 65
5.2.3. Soil and Groundwater Environment 67
5.2.4. Solid and Hazardous Waste Generation and Management 70
5.2.5. Noise Environment 71
5.2.6. Biological Environment 72
5.2.7. Socio-Economic Environment 75
5.2.8. Visual Environment 82
5.3. Significance of Impacts 83
5.3.1. Air Environment 83
5.3.2. Surface Water Environment 84
5.3.3. Soil and Groundwater Environment 85
5.3.4. Solid and Hazardous Waste Generation and Management 86
5.3.5. Noise Environment 87
5.3.6. Biological Environment 88
5.3.7. Socio-Economic Environment 89
5.3.8. Visual Environment 91
6 Environmental Management Plan 92

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6.1. Impact Management Plan 92

6.1.1. Air Environment 92
6.1.2. Surface Water Environment 94
6.1.3. Soil and Groundwater Environment 95
6.1.4. Solid and Hazardous Waste Generation and Management 96
6.1.5. Noise Environment 97
6.1.6. Biological Environment 99
[Link]. Terrestrial Resources 99
[Link]. Aquatic Resources 100
6.1.7. Socio-Economic Environment 101
[Link]. Population and Employment 101
[Link]. Utilities 101
[Link]. Land Use 102
[Link]. Education 103
[Link]. Economics 103
[Link]. Traffic and Transportation 103
[Link]. Personal Safety and Health 104
6.1.8. Visual Environment 106
6.2. Emergency Response Policy and Generic Guidelines 107
6.2.1. Emergency Response Preparedness Policy 107
6.2.2. The Organizational Structure 107
6.2.3. Guidelines 108
6.3. Environmental Monitoring Plan 110
6.3.1. Air Quality Monitoring 117
6.3.2. Water Quality Monitoring 117
6.3.3. Management of Solid and Hazardous Wastes 117
6.3.3. Noise Level Monitoring 118
6.3.4. Biological Resources Monitoring 118
6.3.5. Conditions of Socio-Economic Environment 118
6.4. Institutional Plan 119
7 Conclusion and Recommendations 121

References 123

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LIST OF TABLES

TABLE TITLE Page

1 List of Laws, Policies, Regulations, and Guidelines Reflected in this IEE Report 4
2 Members of Group D, EnE 280, 1st Semester 2013-2014 5
Division of Tasks for Project Description and Environmental Baseline
3 5
Conditions
Division of Tasks for Impact Analysis, Mitigation/Enhancement Measures,
4 5
Summary of Whole Report, and Oral Presentation
5 Criteria for Duration of the Impact 9
6 Criteria for Extent of Impact 9
7 Criteria for Severity of Consequence 9
8 Criteria for Likelihood of Occurrence 9
9 Criteria for Degree of Confidence 10
10 Pointing System of the Environmental Impacts Risk Rating 10
11 Estimated Costs of the University Sports Complex Sub-Projects 11
12 Area of Facilities to be Constructed and Developed 13
13 Construction Equipment Noise Emission 21
14 Total Suspended Particulates Concentration in UP Diliman Campus 29
15 Relation of Soil to Depth 35
Measured Sound Level (dB) in Five Sampling Sites along and within the
16 40
University Sports Complex Project Site
Trees, Bamboos, and Palms in the University of the Philippines Diliman Campus
17 41
- BLOCK 13 (Year Updated: 2000)
18 List of Observed Herpetofauna from UP Diliman Campus 45
19 List of Observed Avifauna from UP Diliman Campus 46
20 List of Observed Mammals from UP Diliman Campus 48
21 Number of Household per Barangay Jurisdiction in UP Diliman 51
22 Impact Analysis and Mitigation Measures for the Air Environment 62
23 Impact Analysis and Mitigation Measures for the Surface Water Environment 65
Impact Analysis and Mitigation Measures for the Soil and Groundwater
24 67
Environment
Impact Analysis and Mitigation/Enhancement Measures for Solid and Hazardous
25 70
Waste
26 Impact Analysis and Mitigation Measures for the Noise Environment 71
27 Impact Analysis and Mitigation Measures for the Biological Environment 72
Impact Analysis and Mitigation/Enhancement Measures for Socio-Economic
28 75
Environment
29 Impact Analysis and Mitigation Measures for Visual Environment 82
30 Significance of the Impacts for Air Environment 83
31 Significance of the Impacts for Surface Water Environment 84
32 Significance of the Impacts for Soil and Groundwater Environment 85

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33 Significance of the Impacts for Solid and Hazardous Waste Generation 86

34 Significance of the Impacts for Noise Environment 87
35 Significance of the Impacts for Biological Environment 88
36 Significance of the Impacts for Socio-Economic Environment 89
37 Significance of the Impacts for Visual Environment 91
Summary of the Environmental Monitoring Plan during Pre-Construction,
38 110
Construction, Operation, and Abandonment Phase

LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE TITLE Page

1 Project Location and Vicinity map 3
2 IEE Report Schedule of Activities 6
3 Proposed Site Development Plan of the University Sports Complex 11
4 The Master Plan of the University Sports Complex 12
5 Perspective View of Some Structures of the University Sports Complex 14
6 Olympic Sized Swimming Pool (Bleachers and Pool ONLY) 14
7 UP Football Field and Track Oval 14
8 UP Track and Field Oval Contour Survey 15
9 Swimming Pool Dimensional Plan 15
10 Swimming Pool: Ground Floor and Bench Area Plan 16
11 Swimming Pool’s Bench Area Plan: Left and Right Side Elevation 17
12 Swimming Pool’s Bench Area Rear and Front Elevation Plan 18
Average Minimum and Maximum Temperature in Quezon City, Metro Manila
13 26
over the Year
14 Average Humidity in Quezon City, Metro Manila over the Year 26
15 Average Monthly Precipitation in Quezon City, Metro Manila over the Year 27
16 Average Monthly Rainy Days in Quezon City, Metro Manila over the Year 27
Average Monthly Wind Speed (km/hr) in Quezon City, Metro Manila over the
17 27
Year
18 Trend in Annual Total Rainfall 28
19 Increase in Mean Annual Temperature (a) Normal, (b) Maximum, (c) Minimum 28
Isopleth Map of Total Suspended Particulates (TSP) Concentration around the
20 29
University of the Philippines Diliman
21 University of the Philippines Diliman Water Distribution System (1993) 30
22 University of the Philippines Diliman 2010-2012 Water Consumption (m3) 31
23 Water Consumption per Building (2012) 31
24 University of the Philippines Diliman Storm Drainage System (1993) 32
25 Piezometric Map of Quezon City, Metro Manila (1995) 32
26 Flood Hazard Map of NCR 33
27 Flood Hazard Map of the University of the Philippines Diliman 34
28 Elevation and Flooded Area Map of Metro Manila 34

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29 Geomorphological Map of Metro Manila 35

30 Soil Map of Quezon City 35
31 University of the Philippines Diliman Topographic Map (1993) 36
32 Distribution of Active Faults and Trenches in the Philippines 37
33 Valley Fault System (VFS) – Diliman Quadrangle 37
34 Landslide and Flood Susceptibility Map of Quezon City Quadrangle 38
35 Liquefaction Hazards Map of Metro Manila 38
36 Sampling Points for Sound Level Measurement 39
37 Pictures Taken During Noise Level Measurements Survey 40
38 Map of UP Diliman Campus Showing the Fifteen Blocks 41
39 Pictures Taken During the Reconnaissance Survey 44
40 University of the Philippines Diliman Campus Land Use Plan (2012) 50
41 University of the Philippines Diliman Barangay Jurisdiction (1997) 51
42 University of the Philippines Diliman Electric Consumption (kWh) 53
43 University of the Philippines Diliman Power Distribution System 54
44 Road Inventory Map of the University of the Philippines Diliman 55
45 Jeepney Routes in the University of the Philippines Diliman Campus 56
46 Organizational Structure for Emergency Response 108

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

CAREU College of Architecture Research & Extension Unit of UP Diliman

CCTV Closed Circuit Television
CFL Compact Fluorescent Lamp
CHK College of Human Kinetics of UP Diliman
CPDMO Campus Planning Development and Maintenance Office of UP Diliman
DAO DENR Administrative Order
DEG Degree of Confidence
DENR Department of Environment and Natural Resources
DilNet Diliman Network
DUR Duration of Impact
DPWH Department of Public Works and Highway
ECA Environmental Critical Area
ECC Environmental Compliance Certificate
EMB Environmental Management Bureau
EMP Environmental Management Plan
EMoP Environmental Monitoring Plan
EnE Environmental Engineering
EXT Extent of Impact
FEMA Federal Emergency Management Agency
IEE Initial Environmental Examination
IUCN International Union for Conservation of Nature

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LED Light Emitting Diode/Device

LGU Local Government Unit
LIK Likelihood of Occurrence
LPG Liquefied Petroleum Gas
LTO Land Transportation Office
MERALCO Manila Electric Company
MGB Mines and Geosciences Bureau
MMDA Metro Manila Development Authority
MWSS Metropolitan Waterworks and Sewerage System
NAMRIA National Mapping and Resource Information Agency
NCTS National Center for Transportation Studies
NGO Non-Government Office
NIGS National Institute of Geological Sciences of UP Diliman
NPCC National Pollution Control Commission
OCA Office of the Campus Architect of UP Diliman
OCR Office of Community Relations of UP Diliman
OPAC Online Publication Access Catalogue
OSH Occupational Safety and Health
OSHC Occupational Safety and Health Centre
OUR Office of the University Registrar of UP Diliman
PAGASA Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration
PD Presidential Decree
PE Physical Education
PHILVOCS Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology
QC Quezon City
RA Republic Act
SAMP School of Allied Medical Professions
SEV Severity of Consequence
SIG Significance of Risk
SPTC CHK Sports Physical Therapy Clinic
SRTM Shuttle Radar Topography Mission
SSB Special Security Brigade
SWM Solid Waste Management
TSP Total Suspended Particulates
UHS University Health Service
UMT Utility Management Team of UP Diliman
UP/UPD University of the Philippines Diliman
UP-DP UP Diliman Police
WHO World Health Organization

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

STUDY AREA LOCATION AND PROJECT DESCRIPTION

University Sports Complex Project is located in the University of the Philippines Diliman in Quezon
City at a varying elevation of 56 to 66 meters above mean sea level. The site is strategically located at
the northwest side of the campus, along Commonwealth Avenue. The total project area is around
292,400 square meters. The total cost of the project is estimated to be Php 435 million. The land use
of the project site is predominantly for academic and academic-supports facilities (i.e. sports and
recreation). It includes the construction of the following facilities and site developments: sports arena,
Olympic-sized swimming pool, outdoor basketball and tennis courts, covered tennis court, baseball
and softball fields, renovation of the Track and Field Oval, athletes’ dormitory, and parking spaces.

DESCRIPTION OF THE IEE PROCESS

This section includes the terms of reference of the report, the IEE team and tasks designation of each
member, the study schedule and area, as well as the approaches in assessing the environmental
impacts of the proposed project including the baseline description, reconnaissance survey, data
gathering, environmental management plan methodology, and risks quantification.

ENVIRONMENTAL BASELINE CONDITIONS

This section illustrates the present pre-development environmental setting of the project site. The
characterization includes the following aspects:
I. Physical Resources
A. The Air – climate, meteorology, and ambient air quality
B. The Water – water quality, hydrology, and flooding
C. The Land – geomorphology, seismicity, landslide vulnerability, and liquefaction
susceptibility
D. The Noise – existing noise level conditions
II. Biological Resources – flora and fauna diversity
III. Socio-Economic Setting – existing structure and facilities, population characteristics,
employment, land use, housing and settlement, education, healthcare services, utilities,
transport infrastructure and traffic, and commercial units

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IMPACT ASSESSMENT AND MITIGATION OR ENHANCEMENT MEASURES

Both positive and negative impacts are anticipated to occur during the entire project lifetime. These
impacts are evaluated according to their duration, nature, extent, severity of consequence, likelihood
of occurrence, degree of confidence, responsible entity or organization, schedule, estimated cost, and
their risk rating. Mitigation and enhancement measures are also listed per impacts. This section also
highlights the significant impacts to be prioritized or given importance in the impact management
plan.

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

The Environmental Management Plan (EMP) includes the impact management plan during
construction, operation, and abandonment phase of the project. It also includes the organization
structure of the emergency response policy and its generic guidelines. It also presents the several
monitoring plan for air quality, water quality, noise level, biological resources, and safety and health.
It also summarizes the institutional plan in enforcing the EMP proposed structures and procedures.

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BASIC PROJECT INFORMATION

1.1. PROJECT PROFILE

Proponent’s Name : College of Human Kinetics (CHK)
IEE Report Preparers : Group D, EnE 280 Students, 1st Semester 2013-2014
Address of Preparers : University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City

1.2. PROJECT INFORMATION

Project Name : UNIVERSITY SPORTS COMPLEX
Nature of Project : Construction of Sports Complex and Site Development
Project Location : CHK Compound, University of the Philippines Diliman, near
Commonwealth Avenue and Ylanan Street

The current site of the CHK compound and the UP Track and Field Oval, as well as the major open
areas near the vicinity, will be included in the site development of the proposed project. At the
northwest side of the study area is the Commonwealth Avenue, while the structures adjacent to its
south include the UP Vanguard, Department of Military Science and Tactics, and Alumni Center. At
its west side is the F. Balagtas Street, surrounded by mostly residential and small commercial areas, as
well as the office of the Solid Waste Management of the UP campus. The following figure displays
the location of the proposed project and its vicinity.

Figure 1. Project Location and Vicinity map

Source: Google Earth, version 7.1.1.1888

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DESCRIPTION OF THE IEE PROCESS

2.1. TERMS OF REFERENCE OF THE IEE STUDY

An Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) is required for projects which are located in
environmentally critically areas (ECAs) as stated in the Philippine Environmental Impact Statement
System under Presidential Decree No. 1586. It is presented in a checklist form to simplify the
standard EIS document, wherein it provides the list of projects with corresponding formats, contents
and guidelines. This IEE checklist is produced to assist proponents’ of selected projects to secure an
Environmental Compliance Certificate (ECC) as stated in the EIS System.

Table 1 lists the various laws, policies, regulations, and guidelines that should be reflected throughout
the IEE study.

Table 1. List of Laws, Policies, Regulations, and Guidelines Reflected in this IEE Report
TITLE CODE
Philippine Environmental Impact Assessment Law Presidential Decree No. 1586
Philippine Environmental Policy Presidential Decree No. 1151
Philippine Environmental Code Presidential Decree No. 1152
The Pollution Control Law Presidential Decree No. 984
Philippine Clean Air Act of 1999 Republic Act No. 8749
Motor Vehicle Pollution Control Laws Presidential Decree 1181
Climate Change Act of 2009 Republic Act 9729
Anti-Noise Pollution Act of 2010 House Bill No. 1839
Philippine Clean Water Act of 2004 Republic Act No. 9275
Water Code of the Philippines Presidential Decree 1067
Wildlife Resources Conservation and Protection Act Republic Act No. 9147
Philippine Plant Variety Protection Act of 2000 Republic Act No. 9168
Ecological Solid Waste Management of 2000 Republic Act 9003
The Code on Sanitation of the Philippines Presidential Decree No. 856
Toxic Substances & Hazardous & Nuclear Wastes Control Act Republic Act No. 6969
Land Transportation and Traffic Code Republic Act No. 4136
Highway Capacity Manual (2000) ----
Labor Code of the Philippine Presidential Decree No. 442
Occupational Safety and Health Standards IRR Article 162, Book IV, Title I, PD 442

2.2. THE IEE TEAM AND TASKS DESIGNATION

This report was prepared by the members of Group D of the “EnE 280: Environmental Impact
Assessment” Graduate Class of 1st Semester 2013-2014, under the supervision of Dr. Maria Antonia
Tanchuling. All the members are currently taking up Master in Science in Environmental
Engineering. Table 2 shows the educational background of the preparers, while Tables 3 and 4 show
their assigned tasks in completing this IEE Report.

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Table 2. Members of Group D, EnE 280, 1st Semester 2013-2014

NAME UNDERGRADUATE DEGREE ALMA-MATER
AIZA G. SANTOS University of Santo Tomas
B.S. Civil Engineering
SN 2011-79728 España, Manila, PH
ANDREW V. LINA Batangas State University
B.S. Chemical Engineering
SN 2012-79788 Batangas City, PH
ANGEL U. GACUTAN University of the Philippines Diliman
B.S. Civil Engineering
SN 2007-16069 Diliman, Quezon City, PH
ANGEL FRANCES M.
University of Santo Tomas
SALCEDO B.S. Chemical Engineering
SN 2013-79229 España, Manila, PH
SYTHARITH PEN B.S. Water Resources Institute of Technology of Cambodia
SN 2012-79948 Engineering Phnom Penh, Cambodia

Table 3. Division of Tasks for Project Description and Environmental Baseline Conditions
ENVIRONMENTAL BASELINE
MEMBER PROJECT DESCRIPTION
CONDITIONS
 Pre-operation Phase
Angel U. Gacutan  Physical Resources: Land
 Construction Phase
 Biological Resources: Flora Diversity
Angel Frances M.
 Socio-Economic Setting
Salcedo  Operation Phase
Aiza G. Santos  Abandonment phase  Physical Resources: Water
Andrew V. Lina  Physical Resources: Air, Noise
Sytharith Pen  Project Area Coverage  Biological Resources: Fauna Diversity

Table 4. Division of Tasks for Impact Analysis, Mitigation/Enhancement Measures,

Summary of Whole Report, and Oral Presentation
Impact Analysis and Summary of
Members Division of Oral Presentation
Mitigation Measures Whole Report
 Socio-economic  Environmental Baseline
Angel U.  Executive Summary
Environment Conditions
Gacutan  Compilation of Parts
 Visual Environment  Compilation of Parts
 Biological  Project Description
Angel Frances Environment  Description of the  Description of IEE Process
M. Salcedo  Surface Water IEE Process  Conclusion and
Environment Recommendation
 Soil and Groundwater  Conclusion and  Review of Laws, Policies,
Sytharith Pen
Environment Recommendations Regulations, and Guidelines
 Impact Analysis
Aiza G.  Personal Safety and  Mitigation/Enhancement
 Institutional Plan
Santos Health Measures
 Impact Management Plan
 Air Environment  Emergency Response Policy
 Emergency Response
Andrew V.  Noise Environment and Generic Guidelines
Policy and Generic
Lina  Solid and Hazardous  Monitoring Plan
Guidelines
Wastes  Institutional Plan

2.3. IEE STUDY SCHEDULE

The following Gantt chart lists the summary of the several activities in preparing and completing this
IEE Report. The timetable of these activities is also presented.

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Figure 2. IEE Report Schedule of Activities

2.4. IEE STUDY AREA

The proposed project will be called the University Sports Complex. It will occupy a total land area of
292,400 square meters. It is located inside the University of the Philippines Diliman campus in
Quezon City, around the corner of Commonwealth Avenue and Ylanan Street. The current site of the
College of Human Kinetics (CHK) compound, UP Track and Field Oval, as well as other major open
areas near the vicinity, will be included in the site development of the proposed project. It will be
composed of Archery area, Gymnasium, Basketball Courts, Olympic-sized swimming pool, Tennis
courts, Athletes Quarters, Track and Field Oval, Baseball and Softball Fields, and Parking Areas.
Though there are proposed plans and designs, the University Sports Complex is still in its proposal
stage so some of the particulars are not yet further evaluated.

2.5. IEE METHODOLOGY

The IEE Report for the construction of University Sports Complex is accomplished with the guidance
of “EnE 280: Environmental Impact Assessment” lecture discussions, Revised Procedural Manual
(DAO 2003-30) for the P.D. 1586, and the IEE checklist formats, which can be accessed from the
Environmental Management Bureau (DENR-EMB) website.

2.5.1. RECONNAISSANCE SURVEY AND DATA GATHERING

For the project scoping, the group conducted a reconnaissance survey last September 6, 2013
(Monday), between 4:00 to 5:00 in the afternoon, where some of the environmental baseline data of
the project site were collected. On the same site visit, plant and animal species were documented and
sampling of noise level measurement around the boundaries of the study area was performed.

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2.5.2. BASELINE CHARACTERIZATION & IMPACT ASSESSMENT

The data were gathered with the help of different offices that renders the service for each of the
following requirements in the IEE Checklist. The name of the offices, as well as several researches
and studies, were listed as follows:

 PHYSICAL RESOURCES
 The Air
- Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA)
- [Link]
 The Water
- [Link]
- Mines and Geosciences Bureau (MGB)
 The Land
- Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS)
- Mines and Geosciences Bureau (MGB)
- Office of the Campus Architect (OCA)
 The Noise
- Rules and Regulations of National Pollution Control Commission (NPCC)
- UP National Centre for Transportation Studies (UP NCTS)
- Google Earth Map
 BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES
 From various research studies and books
 SOCIO-ECONOMIC SETTING
 Office of the University Registrar (OUR)
 Office of the Campus Architect (OCA)
 UP Office of Community Relations
 Utility Management Team of UP Diliman
 [Link]
 OTHER SOURCES
 UP College of Architecture Research & Extension Unit (UP CAREU)
 UP Campus Planning Development and Maintenance Office (UP CPDMO)
 National Mapping and Resource Information Agency (NAMRIA)
 Environmental Management Bureau (EMB)
 Department of Public Works and Highway (DPWH)
 Open Source Satellite Imageries (Google Earth)
 Other relevant reports and documentations

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2.5.3. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN METHODOLOGY

The environmental impacts of the proposed projects will be evaluated in accordance to the several
factors that will be presented in this section. Some of these factors (i.e. nature, duration, extent of
impact, severity of consequence, likelihood of occurrence, and degree of confidence) are based from a
generic methodology in evaluating impacts that was presented in a 2010 EIA study prepared by an
international engineering and environmental consulting industry known as Arcus GIBB. These factors
were utilized in this IEE report in order to develop an objective and subjective approach in assessing
the significance of a certain impact by determining its risk capacity. The preparers assigned numerical
scores to each criterion of the said factors and establish a pointing system in order to classify if the
impacts are significant or not, as well as to identify what impacts must be given the highest
precedence to be mitigated or improved. The rating computation is shown in the latter part of this
section.

 RESPONSIBLE ENTITY OR ORGANIZATION - It may be the Contractor, Project Team,

Project Proponent, LGU representatives, MMDA, LTO, DENR-EMB, MWSS, MERALCO, local
offices in UP Diliman Campus, and others.

 SCHEDULE - This factor defines when the impact is occurring during the project lifetime. The
different stage of the project is as follows:
o Pre-construction Phase / Project Planning
o Construction Phase
o Operation Phase
o Abandonment Phase

 ESTIMATED COST - The evaluator could give an approximate expense of the mitigation
procedure or could state the following:
o Part of Management Cost – the mitigation expenditures will be shouldered by the
Contractor or the Project Team
o No Cost to Project – the Contractor, neither the Project Team, is not responsible to the
implementation of the mitigation measures. It is the proponent who must shoulder the
expenses and responsibility.

 NATURE OF IMPACT - This factor includes a brief description of how the proposed activity
will affect the environment.
o Positive (a benefit)
o Negative (a cost)
o Neutral

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 DURATION OF THE IMPACT (DUR) - This factor pertains to the expected timeframe of an
impact. It defines how temporary or how permanent a particular impact will expect to take place.
Table 5. Criteria for Duration of the Impact
SCORE DESCRIPTION
1 Short term – 0 to 5 years
2 Medium term – 5 to 15 years
3 Long term – 15 to 40 years, but where the impact ceases after operation
Permanent – over 40 years and resulting in a permanent and lasting change that will
4
always be there

 EXTENT OF IMPACT (EXT) - This factor describes the geographical area on which the activity
will have an influence. It classifies if the area of influence is just with the project site or extends
internationally.
Table 6. Criteria for Extent of Impact
SCORE DESCRIPTION
1 Project site – the immediate location of the activity
Study area – the proposed area and its immediate neighbourhoods within a one
2 kilometre radius of the activity
Catchment – area of land from which rainfall drains into a river
Local – within UP Diliman
3
District – within Quezon City
Regional/Provincial – within NCR/Metro Manila
4
National – within the Philippines
5 International

 SEVERITY OF CONSEQUENCE (SEV) - This factor evaluates the seriousness of a particular

impact. It illustrates if the impact will cause major negative effect in the people and on the
environment or if the impact is just considered as only a mere disturbance.
Table 7. Criteria for Severity of Consequence
SCORE DESCRIPTION
1 No effect – no impact by the proposed development
Low – short term impacts with mitigation being very easy, cheap, less time
2
consuming, or not necessary
3 Medium – medium term impacts that could be mitigated
High – long term impacts that could be mitigated, however this mitigation would be
4
difficult, expensive or time consuming
5 Very high – an irreversible and permanent change that cannot be mitigated

 LIKELIHOOD OF OCCURRENCE (LIK) - This factor considers the possibility that a certain
impact will arise. It describes if the impact is not possible or if it is definite to occur.
Table 8. Criteria for Likelihood of Occurrence
SCORE DESCRIPTION
1 Unlikely – where the impact is unlikely to occur
2 Likely – where there is a good probability, < 50 % chance, that the impact will occur
3 Highly likely – where it is most likely, 50-90 % chance, that the impact will occur
Definite – where the impact will occur, > 90 % chance of occurring, regardless of
4
any prevention measures

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 DEGREE OF CONFIDENCE (DEG) - This factor renders if the facts presented is indeed
probable or if there is no basis that the mentioned facts are valid.
Table 9. Criteria for Degree of Confidence
SCORE DESCRIPTION
Unsure – Less than 40% sure of a particular fact or of the likelihood of an impact
0.25
occurring.
0.50 Low – Over 40% sure of a particular fact or of the likelihood of an impact occurring.
Medium – Over 70% sure of a particular fact, or of the likelihood of that impact
0.75
occurring.
1.00 High – More than 90% sure of a particular fact.

 RISK RATING
The objective of risk rating computation is to have a quantitative description of the significance of the
foreseen risks based on the given impacts. This is based on several factors as listed,
1) Duration of the Impact (DUR)
2) Likelihood of Occurrence Score (LIK)
3) Severity of Consequence (SEV)
4) Extent of the Impact (EXT)
5) Degree of Confidence (DEG).

The general formula for calculating the significance of risk (SIG) is as follows:

where:

Given the calculated value for the significance of risk (SIG) and knowing the score of each selected
criteria per factor, we can classify the impact if it is significant or not. Based from Table 10, risk with
SIG classified as Moderate, Substantial, or Intolerable are considered as “Significant” while SIG
categorized as Acceptable or Trivial are referred to as “Not Significant”.

Table 10. Pointing System of the Environmental Impacts Risk Rating

SCORE (SIG) DESCRIPTION CLASSIFICATION
1 – 10 Trivial Risk
NOT SIGNIFICANT
11 – 25 Acceptable Risk
26 – 40 Moderate Risk
41 – 70 Substantial Risk SIGNIFICANT
71 – 80 Intolerable Risk

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PROJECT DESCRIPTION
Based from the Office of the Campus Architect (OCA), the University Sports Complex is still in its
proposal stage. The project is still scheduled for bidding on the last quarter of the year. Thus, various
estimates and details cannot be evaluated since comprehensive design and construction plans are not
yet finalized. There are still no contractors, project engineers, or planners to provide detailed
description of particular specifics.

3.1. PROJECT COST

The scope of the project will include the construction of outdoor courts (i.e. basketball, tennis courts),
athletic fields (i.e. softball, football), Olympic-sized swimming pool, residence hall for athletes,
covered tennis court, development of Track and Field Oval, and parking areas. The available data of
the cost of the project are shown in Table 11. Note that some of the costing of other facilities is not
yet provided because the entire project is still in its proposal stage.

Table 11: Estimated Costs of the University Sports Complex Sub-Projects

SUB-PROJECTS ESTIMATED COST
Sports Arena Php 90 M
Outdoor Courts (basketball, tennis, football field, etc.) Php 110 M
Swimming Pool (Olympic size) Php 30 M
Residence Hall for Athletes Php 65 M
Site Development (including Track and Field Oval) Php 140 M
Source: Office of the Campus Architect, Funding of Infrastructure Projects for 2012-2013

3.2 PROJECT AREA COVERAGE

3.2.1. SITE DEVELOPMENT PLAN

Figure 3 shows the proposed site
development plan of the University Sports
Complex. Note that a lot of new
infrastructures will be constructed such as
the sports arena, covered tennis courts,
outdoor courts, athletes’ residence hall,
and others. Furthermore, the existing
Football Field and Track Oval will also be
developed. Existing structures such as the Figure 3. Proposed Site Development Plan of the
old gymnasium, archery, shooting and University Sports Complex
Scale: 1:1250 meters
driving range will be kept the same. Prepared by: Office of the Campus Architect

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Figure 4. The Master Plan of the University Sports Complex

Scale: 1:1500 meters Prepared by: Office of the Campus Architect, UP Diliman

The previous figure shows the Master Development Plan of the proposed project. The following
structures and facilities are included in the construction of the University Sports Complex:
A. Archery
a. Shooting Range
b. Driving Range (Golf)
B. Gymnasium – Multi-purpose Academic Building
a. Dance Theatre (mini)
b. Classrooms
c. Laboratories
d. Weight Training
C. Basketball Courts
a. 8 Courts
b. 1 Mini-Coliseum
c. 2 Wood Courts
d. PBA Multipurpose – Volleyball Courts
D. Swimming Pool
a. Olympic Size (8 Lanes + Diving Pool)
b. Bleachers
c. Covered

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E. Tennis Covered Court

a. 4-8 Courts (2 covered)
b. Bleachers and Dressing
F. Athletes Quarters
a. 500 athletes
G. Track and Field Oval
H. Baseball
a. 500-1000 Spectators
b. Dressing Rooms/Dug-outs
I. Softball
J. Parking Area

3.2.2. TOTAL LAND AREA OF THE PROJECT

The entire project will cover an estimated land area of about 292,400 square meters. The area to be
developed for the construction of the new facilities and structures are presented in the Table 12.

Table 12. Area of Facilities to be Constructed and Developed

Projects Estimated Area (m2)
Outdoor Courts
Basketball Courts 5,800
Tennis Courts 5,600
Swimming Pool (Olympic Size) 6,000
Residence Hall for Athletes
With landscaping / passageway 6,600
Buildings: At both sides 1,400
Center building 400
Track and Field Oval
Bleachers 1,100
Field Area 36,900
Covered Tennis Court
With landscaping/passageway 5,300
Infrastructure only 5,700
Parking Areas 7,600
Sports Arena
with landscaping/passageway 8,300
Infrastructure only 4,900
Baseball Field
Bleachers 1,000
Field Area 33,500
Softball Field
Bleachers 1,100
Field Area 12,300

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3.3. PROPOSED DESIGNS AND PLANS

3.3.1. PERSPECTIVE DESIGNS
The following figures present the design plans for the Olympic-sized Swimming Pool, Sports Arena,
and the UP Track and Field Oval.

Figure 5. Perspective View of Some Structures of the University Sports Complex

Left-most Structure: Sports Arena, Center Structure: Olympic-sized Swimming Pool,
Right-most Structure: Bleachers Area for UP Track and Field Oval
Source: Office of the Campus Architect (2010)

Figure 6. Olympic Sized Swimming Pool (Bleachers and Pool ONLY)

Source: Office of the Campus Architect (2013)

Figure 7. UP Football Field and Track Oval

Source: Office of the Campus Architect (2013)

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3.3.2. FLOOR PLANS

The following figures display the contour survey for the UP Track and Field Oval and ground floor
plans for the Olympic-sized swimming pool and its bench area.

Figure 8. UP Track and Field Oval Contour Survey

Source: Office of the Campus Architect

Figure 9. Swimming Pool Dimensional Plan

Source: Office of the Campus Architect, CCNicolas Pool and Spa Builders

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Figure 10. Swimming Pool: Ground Floor and Bench Area Plan
Source: Office of the Campus Architect, CCNicolas Pool and Spa Builders

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3.3.3. ELEVATION PLANS

The only available elevation design plans provided by the Office of the Campus Architect are for the Olympic-sized Swimming Pool. The following are the
proposed plans of the said infrastructure prepared by the CCNicolas Pool and Spa Builders.

Figure 11. Swimming Pool’s Bench Area Plan: Left and Right Side Elevation
Source: Office of the Campus Architect, CCNicolas Pool and Spa Builders

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Figure 12. Swimming Pool’s Bench Area Rear and Front Elevation Plan
Source: Office of the Campus Architect, CCNicolas Pool and Spa Builders

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3.4. DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT PHASES

Since the proposed project is still in its proposal stage and there are no detailed designs and
construction plans established and finalized as of now. The following details are just presumed plan
that were generalized by the assessors.

3.4.1. PRE-CONSTRUCTION PHASE

This phase covers the (a) preparation of the detailed designs of the project drawings or plans; (b)
acquisition of permits, licenses, and other government certificates; (c) negotiations and lease
agreements; (d) mapping, surveying, and design for road routes, project area boundaries, and other
worksites; (e) construction bidding and awarding to the contractors; and (f) procurement of materials
to be used from legitimate suppliers or sub-contractors.

3.4.2. CONSTRUCTION / DEVELOPMENT PHASE

PROJECT ACTIVITIES. Construction activities of the proposed project may include:

 Surveying of the site area - establishing property/boundary lines, and placing offset stakes or
construction markers to clearly define the horizontal limits of the construction.
 Land clearing and grubbing - project site must be cleared from the present vegetation (i.e.
grasses, trees, shrubs) to make way for the construction, equipment, and vehicles. If any,
unnecessary existing structures (such as power transmission lines, lamp posts, signage, water
pipes, and others) must also be properly removed.
 Preparation of the foundation - excavation of the top soil and lying of the footing foundation and
building works.
 Mobilization and procurement of the construction materials and equipment - delivery of the
construction materials must be from legitimate suppliers. Certain structural components such as
steel columns, beams, trusses, stirrups, and others can be fabricated on and/or off site.
Construction materials must have designated storage site, especially certain materials that must
not get wet. Mobilization of materials around the site can be handled by heavy and/or light
machineries.
 Disposal - construction wastes or debris (such as woods, concrete, bricks, and others), and
dumping of excavated materials on sites.
 Electrical Works – installation of wirings, lightings, telephone and network system, power lines,
and other electrical systems.
 Mechanical Works – installation of air conditioners, scoreboards, generators, and other procured
machine or equipment.

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 Civil Works – this includes structural, painting, carpentry, plumbing and sanitary works.
 Landscaping and earth works - to be done mostly on completion of the proposed site
development.

PROJECT COMPONENTS. Construction components may include machineries such as cranes,

excavators, compactors, loaders, backhoes, concrete mixers, trucks, and other construction tools and
equipment. These may be used for the excavation, transportation of materials and resulting
construction debris, removal of debris after demolition of the current structure, and other construction
activities.

CONSTRUCTION SCHEDULE. The proposed project is still in its proposal stage, thus there is no
released schedule when will the construction start, as well as its project duration and activity schedule.
Based from OCA, the following are the target timetable for bidding and award of contract for the
proposed project:

Pre-procurement Conference October 2013

Award of Contract November 2013

MANPOWER REQUIREMENT OF CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITIES. There are no data

provided regarding the exact number of construction labor force to be hired during the construction
phase. The following is a brief list of personnel commonly employed during construction of
infrastructure projects:
 Project Manager
 Project Engineers (i.e. Civil, Mechanical, Electrical, Sanitary)
 Site Engineer
 CADD Operator
 Safety Engineer / Officer
 Liaison Officer
 Estimator
 Time Keeper
 Construction Foreman / Contractor
 Truck or Machineries Drivers
 Equipment Operators
 Skilled Workers (i.e. welder/steel man, electrician, carpenter, painter, mason)
 Semi-Skilled Workers (i.e. labourer)

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BUILDINGS AND FACILITIES TO BE CONSTRUCTED. During construction, temporary office

and bunkhouse/barracks may be constructed. The temporary office may be utilized by the engineering
department on the activities such as meetings, checking of construction material deliveries, and other
clerical jobs. It may also hold the administration office. The bunkhouse/barracks may serve as resting
area for the workers during construction period. Temporary storage areas for construction materials
and equipment may also be built.

NOISE EMISSION. Several construction Table 13. Construction Equipment Noise Emission
Levels
activities would generate noise. The noise TYPICAL NOISE
EQUIPMENT LEVEL (dBA),
levels will differ greatly depending on the 50 feet from Source
various factors such as the type of operation Air Compressor 81
Backhoe 80
being done and the equipment used which also Ballast Equalizer 82
varies depending on the specific model and its Ballast Tamper 83
Compactor 82
condition. The proposed project has still no Concrete Mixer 85
Concrete Pump 82
specifics on the list of the machineries and
Concrete Vibrator 76
equipment that will be used during its Crane, Derick 88
Crane, Mobile 83
construction. For details, Table 13 shows a Dozer 85
roster of the common construction equipment Generator 81
Grader 85
and their corresponding typical noise level. Impact Wrench 85
Jack Hammer 88
Loader 85
High levels of noise on construction sites can Paver 89
Pile Driver 101
be minimized by using commonly accepted Pneumatic Tool 85
engineering controls and proper administrative Pump 76
Rail Saw 90
management. Earplugs and other types of Rock Drill 98
personal protective equipment (PPE) are Roller 74
Saw 76
recommended to be used in order to lessen Scarifier 83
Scraper 89
exposure of workers to noisy equipment and
Shovel 82
work areas. For the surrounding residential Spike Driver 77
Tie Cutter 84
areas, placing noise barriers around the project Tie Handler 80
boundaries are suggested. Tie Inserter 85
Truck 88
Source: US Environmental Protection Agency (1971)

WATER DEMAND AND SUPPLY. Based from the wide coverage area of the proposed project,
large volumes of water for construction purposes are needed. There are still no estimate on how much
is the water demand and supply for the entire project. The Metropolitan Waterworks and Sewerage
System (MWSS) is responsible for providing water all throughout the campus, as well as the project

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site. Several fire hydrants and gate valves are strategically located near the project area that would
serve as sources of water (please see Figure 21, University of the Philippines Diliman Water
Distribution System).

POWER SUPPLY. There are no prior data to estimate how much power supply is needed for the
construction. A number of distribution transformers are strategically located proximate to the project
area for sources of power (please see Figure 43, University of the Philippines Diliman Power
Distribution System). The Manila Electric Company (MERALCO) provides electricity for the whole
campus.

WASTES ASSOCIATED WITH CONSTRUCTION. Construction wastes may come from unused
materials during construction of the infrastructures and the drainage system. Other waste materials to
be generated during the construction phase may be the spills of oil and grease from the machineries,
dusts from filling materials, as well as solid wastes from workers. Solid wastes or debris generated
during the construction phase of the project may be collected by the developers and disposed at the
approved disposal site. CPDMO and the Task Force on Solid Waste Management (under the UP
Office of the Vice-Chancellor for Community Affairs) are the institutions responsible for the solid
waste collection in the general area of UP Diliman.

3.4.3. OPERATION PHASE

PROCESS DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION. In the proposed UP Sports Complex, sports

facilities like swimming pool, basketball stadium, track and field oval, softball field, covered tennis
court, outdoor basketball court, outdoor tennis court, and UP arena will be constructed. Auxiliary
facilities such as the athletes‘ dormitories and parking areas will also be built. Basically, this will be
erected to have both indoor and outdoor venues for major sports competitions. This will also be
utilized as a place for developing and nurturing the physical capabilities and talents in sports of UP
students. Thus, every sports facility will be occasionally filled by a certain number of viewers and
spectators. The athletes‘ dormitories will shelter around 500 students. Basic housing amenities
namely the bathrooms, toilets, kitchen, laundry areas, and lobby will also be available. Generally,
essential utilities such as electricity, water, and telephone will be provided in the whole sports
compound. These facilities will be regularly maintained by a number of staff and will be managed by
administrators.

MATERIALS NEEDED FOR THE OPERATION. Since the sports complex is not intended for
manufacturing and producing tangible products, there is no major material needed for its operation.

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However, certain materials (in minimal amount) are needed for the maintenance of its facilities. Some
of these materials are considered hazardous and detrimental to human health if not properly
maintained, stored, utilized, and/or disposed. These materials are needed in the following activities:
 Repair and construction of defective portions (i.e. concrete, wood, ceramics, and paint)
 Replacement of busted lamps and defective electrical parts (i.e. lamp, electrical wires, and
switches)
 Disinfection of swimming pool (i.e. chlorine, aluminium sulphate, filters, and water testing
materials)
 Ensuring safety measures (i.e. fire extinguishers, CCTV security cameras, and medicine)
 Cooking and food preparation for the athletes (i.e. food and drinks)
 Cleaning of facilities (i.e. detergents, disinfectants, and cleaning materials)
 Clerical jobs (i.e. paper, ink, and other office supplies)
 Others (i.e. uniform and hygiene paraphernalia)

MANPOWER REQUIREMENT. Since there are still no detailed operational plans, the exact
number of personnel needed is not provided. However, the following is a list of employees commonly
hired in operating a sports complex:
 Administration Staff
 Faculty and Training Staff
 Maintenance and Janitorial Staff
 Security Staff
 Medical and First Aid Staff

EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENT. Different equipment and devices are needed in the sports
complex. Usual equipment for the weight lifting and trainings of athletes may include free weights,
weight machines, stationary bikes, and treadmill. In the athletic fields and courts, electrical
scoreboards will be needed. Other mechanical equipment that may be installed are the air conditioning
units, air ventilators, power generators, water pump (for the swimming pool), and security cameras.
Also, cleaning equipment is necessary in maintaining the sanitation and orderliness of the complex.
Emergency and fire fighting equipment like fire extinguisher and emergency lights are also needed.

POWER SUPPLY. No prior data are provided to estimate the amount of power supply needed once
the entire project is operational. There are still no detailed designs for the electrical and power
distribution system for the whole complex. MERALCO will provide the electricity through different
distribution transformers located near the project site.

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SOLID WASTE GENERATION AND COLLECTION. On a normal daily basis, solid wastes will
be produced primarily by the athletes, students, or employees who are using the facilities, except for
times that there will be sports events or other major gatherings around the area. According to Emy
Aguinaldo, executive director of the National Solid Waste Management Commission of DENR, a
single resident of Metro Manila generates an average of 0.7 kilogram of solid wastes per day, about
130 % higher than the global average of 0.3 kg/person/day. Considering only the proposed residence
hall for athletes, which can accommodate 500 occupants, the expected minimum generation of solid
wastes that the entire project could produce will be 350 kg/day. Due to this fact, strict implementation
of waste segregation must be observed. Meanwhile the collection of solid wastes will be outsourced
through the Quezon City government. Biodegradable wastes will be collected twice per week and
non-biodegradable wastes will be collected weekly. However waste generation will vary depending if
there is an on-going event. This will depend on the number of the attending spectators.

WATER SUPPLY AND DEMAND. The proposed project will need large amount of water to supply
for visitor‘s wash area and athletes‘ residence hall, operate the swimming pool, clean the facilities,
and maintain landscaping. According to the United Nations Development Program (2006), the
average water use of Filipinos is equivalent to 150-200 L per person per day. Assuming that the
maximum capacity of the proposed Sports Arena would reach about 2,000 people, it is estimated to
use up 300,000-400,000 L of water, whenever there are sports events or other major gatherings. For
the athletes‘ dormitory with a target total of 500 occupants, about 100,000-125,000 L of water is
needed daily. Moreover, considering that the proposed dimensions of the Olympic-sized swimming
pool are 50 meters in length and 25 meters in wide, with a water depth of six feet, the volume of water
that the facility will require is equivalent to 2,286 m3. With this capacity, an estimated total of
2,300,000 L of water will be needed every time the water in the pool needs to be changed. Though
water use estimates are accounted, these may still vary depending on the sports event or activity
schedule, period when the pool will be maintained, detailed design plans for the wastewater treatment
for the pool wastes if proposed, as well as plumbing and water distribution system plan of the entire
project. MWSS will provide the water supply, through several gate valves located in the project site
and will be connected to the water supply network of the whole complex.

WATER TREATMENT. No major treatment is required except for the filtration and disinfection of
water in the swimming pool, but may vary if the project proponent will propose a wastewater
treatment design plan for the Olympic-sized swimming pool. Usually, 10 % of the total volume of
swimming pool, which is about 230,000 L of water, is to be treated every time during specific
scheduled maintenance. The treated wastewater will be filtered, mixed with clean water, and
disinfected before filling the water retains from the pool.

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DRAINAGE SYSTEM. Rainfall in Metro Manila ranges from 10 mm to 380 mm, with the highest
precipitation in the months of June to October (World Weather and Climate Information). In this
area, the storm water runoff will be controlled via channel drains along the side of the roads. These
will be diverted to the nearest lowlands (please see Figure 24, University of the Philippines Diliman
Storm Drainage System).

SEWAGE DISPOSAL SYSTEM - Sewage are generated from activities such as bathing, laundry,
cleaning, cooking, washing, and other kitchen activities. These domestic effluents will basically be
coming from the athletes occupying the dormitories. Having 500 occupants, there will be an average
consumption of 86,250 L/day as stated from the International Water consumption data table.
Moreover, this will also consume up to 345,000 L of wastes for a whole day sports activity event.
This will be rerouted towards the existing sewage treatment facility inside the campus, near the UP
Science and Technology Park, just across Commonwealth Avenue. Aside from the sewage, the only
wastewater that will be generated is from the swimming pool. Every time water from the pool needs
to be changed, ample amount of water around 2,500,000L will be considered a waste and needs to be
replaced. The wastes produced will be minimal if the facility will be rarely used but will really on its
scheduled use and maintenance, and on the plans for the wastewater treatment for the Olympic-sized
pool.

AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT. There is no activity which will significantly alter the quality of
air in the area except for the vehicles of the attending spectators whenever there are events that will be
held in the vicinity.

3.4.4. ABANDONMENT PHASE

As the sports complex project come to its end of intended use, abandonment activities may
commence. These activities may include the withdrawal of the equipment that can still be used and
salvaged, the demolition of the structures and facilities, and clearing of the area after demolition. The
abandonment may also include reforestation and rehabilitation of the project area for future use.

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BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS

4.1. PHYSICAL RESOURCES

4.1.1. THE AIR

[Link]. CLIMATE AND METEOROLOGY
The project site of the proposed University Sports Complex is situated within the UP Diliman campus
in Quezon City. The following sections discussed the climate and meteorology status of Quezon City,
Metro Manila, in general.

TEMPERATURE
Based in PAGASA report, the mean annual temperature
in the Philippines (excluding Baguio) is 26.6oC. The
coolest month is January with a mean temperature of
25.5oC while the warmest month is May with a mean
temperature of 28.3oC. The monthly mean minimum
and maximum daily temperature in Quezon City is
shown in Figure 13. On the average, the temperatures
are always high. The month of May is the warmest, Figure 13. Average Minimum and
while the coolest is during December. Maximum Temperature in Quezon City,
Metro Manila over the Year
Source: [Link]
HUMIDITY
According to PAGASA, Philippines has a high relative
humidity due to the surrounding bodies of water and
high temperature. The average monthly relative
humidity varies between 71% in March and 85% in
September. The combination of warm temperature, as
well as high relative and absolute humidity, give rise to
high sensible temperature throughout the archipelago,
especially during March and May when temperature
Figure 14. Average Humidity in
and humidity reach their maximum levels. The mean Quezon City, Metro Manila over the Year
monthly relative humidity in Quezon City is presented Source: [Link]

in Figure 14.

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PRECIPITATION AND RAINY DAYS

In Quezon City, a lot of rainy seasons occur during the months of May to November. The dry seasons
are from December to April. The following figures show the mean monthly precipitation and the
number of days per each month with rain of Quezon City.

Figure 15. Average Monthly Precipitation Figure 16. Average Monthly Rainy Days in
in Quezon City, Metro Manila over the Quezon City, Metro Manila over the Year
Year
Source: [Link] Source: [Link]

According to a 2010 report of the Quezon City Socio-Ecological Profile, the normal annual
rainfall total of QC is 2,532.30 millimetre (mm). The maximum mean monthly total rains occur
during the month of August with 526.8 mm and the minimum is during February with 8.9 mm.
The maximum number of 24-rainy days occurs in August while the minimum of two rainy days
occurs in February.

PREVAILING WINDS
Figure 17 shows the mean monthly wind speed in
Quezon City. The air streams are one of the climatic
controls that influence the climate in the Philippines.
From the months of April to September, the
Southwesterlies or Southwest Moonsoon (Habagat)
prevails, while from October to March, the
Northeasterlies or Northeast Moonson (Amihan) Figure 17. Average Monthly Wind Speed
overcomes. During the transition period is the (kph) in Quezon City, Metro Manila
over the Year
Easterlies or the North Pacific Trades. Source: [Link]

CLIMATE CHANGE
With the air conditions in the Philippines, according to PAGASA, there is an increasing trend in
annual mean temperature, but there are no trends shown in rainfall pattern and total number of annual
tropical cyclones. To work with this, experts and researchers come together in a Memorandum

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Agreement to study on the effects of climate change in the Philippines. Reports from PAGASA
regarding different air conditions in the Philippines are as follows:

 Trends in Extreme Daily Temperatures in the Philippines (Period: 1961–2003)

i. Significant decrease in the number of cool days and cold nights.
ii. Significant increase in the frequency of hot days and warm nights.

 Trend in Annual Total Rainfall from 1961 to 2003

a) Decreases in the top Northern part of Luzon
and Southern Luzon
b) Increases in the Bicol region (except Daet),
Visayas and Mindanao
c) Findings not statistically significant

Source: Tibig, LV,et al (2004) - Trends in extreme

daily temperatures and 24-hr rainfall in the Philippines
(CAB Technical Report, PAGASA)

Figure 18. Trend in Annual Total Rainfall

 Anomalies in Annual Mean Temperature from 1951 to 2006

a) The Mean Annual Temperature increases by 0.6104°C
b) The Mean Annual Maximum Temperature increases by 0.3472°C
c) The Mean Annual Minimum Temperature increases by 0.8904°C. This increase is almost 3
times compared to the increase in maximum temperature.

Figure 19. Increase in Mean Annual Temperature (a) Normal, (b) Maximum, (c) Minimum

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[Link]. AMBIENT AIR QUALITY

The baseline data for ambient air quality was Table 14. Total Suspended Particulates
obtained from the study made in 2006 by the National Concentration in UP Diliman Campus

Centre for Transportation Studies (NCTS) of UP

Diliman. Based from the study, Total Suspended
Particulates (TSP) concentrations in eleven areas of
the campus were measured, as shown in Table 14.
Even if the location for the future sports complex was
not included, these figures can provide an overview
of the typical ranges of suspended solids
concentration inside the campus. All the sampling
stations (except PHILCOA, Romulo Hall and
Checkpoint) passed the ambient TSP Standard of the
World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines which Source: National Center for Transportation Studies
(NCTS), Date of Sampling: March 23-24, 2006
is 90 µg/Nm3.

The following figure is an Isopleth map of the TSP levels around the vicinity of the UP Diliman
campus, based on the data gathered from the 11 sampling stations (as presented in the previous table).

Figure 20. Isopleth Map of Total Suspended Particulates (TSP) Concentration

around the University of the Philippines Diliman
Source: National Center for Transportation Studies (NCTS), 2006

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Based from Figure 20, the TSP level around the project site varies from 44 to 68 µg/Nm3. The highest
is near the CHK Gymnasium building. Furthermore, according to a study led by NCTS in 2008, air
quality in UP Diliman campus is greatly affected by transportation because 75% of the total air
pollution is attributed to transport. Particularly, air pollution is likely to increase due to factors (not
limited to) inefficient vehicles and additional through traffic.

4.1.2. THE WATER

[Link]. WATER CHARACTERIZATION

Through baseline characterization, the quality and quantity of water will be affected by construction
of the project. Stream along the area may also be affected by the project. Figure 21 shows the water
distribution system in UP Diliman Campus.

Figure 21. University of the Philippines Diliman Water Distribution System (1993)
Source: UP CAREU, UP CPDMO, NAMRIA

Based from the previous figure, there are four fire hydrants within the boundaries of the project site
that could serve as possible sources of water for the construction. The major transmission lines within
and near the study area are made up of cast iron pipes with 10 – 12 inches cross-sectional diameter.
The direction of water flow is from the east side of the campus going to the west.

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According to Asst. Prof. Mario Carreon of the Utility Management Team (UMT) of UP Diliman,
water consumption of the campus in Year 2012 is 997,790 m3, with a water bill of Php 70,130,145.16.
It is noted to reduce by 23% compare to Year 2011 with 1,278,331 m3 water consumption. Figure 22
illustrates the monthly water consumption of UP Diliman from 2010 to 2012.

Figure 22. University of the Philippines Diliman 2010-2012 Water Consumption (m3)
Source: Utility Management Team of UP Diliman

Figure 23 shows the top 20 buildings out of 123 that account for the 54% of the total water bill for the
Year 2012. Note that the project proponent, CHK (shaded in olive green) has a percentage of 3.61%
or equivalent to water consumption of 36,020.22 m3. This made the college to rank third among all
the buildings in UP Diliman with the highest water consumption.

Figure 23. Water Consumption per Building (2012)

Source: Utility Management Team of UP Diliman

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[Link]. HYDROLOGY
The entire area of the campus is surrounded by various streams and open canals that serve as conduit
of water during stormy weather or flooding. Figure 24 shows the drainage system in UP Diliman.

Figure 24. University of the Philippines Diliman Storm Drainage System (1993)
Source: UP CAREU, UP CPDMO, NAMRIA

For the groundwater levels, Figure 25 presents a

Piezometric map of Quezon City. The map indicates
that in the northern part near Novaliches reservoir
and at a contour with +60 meter in the groundwater
divide, there are two separating groundwater flow
directions that exist — (1) flow takes southeast
direction to Marikina Valley towards Laguna Lake
and (2) leads in southwest direction to Pasig River
towards Manila Bay. Based on this figure, the flow
of groundwater in the vicinity of UP Diliman
campus is headed to the southeast direction.

Figure 25. Piezometric Map of

Quezon City, Metro Manila (1995)
Source: Quezon City Socio-Ecological Profile 2010

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According to the 2010 report of Quezon City Socio-Ecological Profile, there is a major change in the
groundwater pattern of the municipality for the past five decades,

“Since 1955, the groundwater flow pattern has been significantly altered due to excessive
withdrawal of groundwater. The adversely affected parts of the aquifer created cones of
depression. By 2004, the groundwater level proved a worsened situation as increased
groundwater abstraction resulted in deeper cones of depressions.”

[Link]. FLOODING
Figure 26 is a Flood Hazard Map of Metro Manila
which was prepared by MGB. In this data, it considers
a flood cycle with 2 to 10 return year period (i.e.
yellow shaded areas) and 50 to 100 return year period
(i.e. blue shaded areas). As presented, several parts of
Quezon City, including the UP Diliman campus and
specifically the entire project site, is considered as not
a flood prone area.

Figure 26. Flood Hazard Map of NCR

Source: Mines and Geosciences Bureau

A different data was provided by a non-profit project by the members of the Volcano-Tectonics
Laboratory of the University of the Philippines National Institute of Geological Sciences (UP NIGS),
considering a rainfall event with 100 to 150 return year period. From the website of
[Link], flood hazard maps are provided as analytical inundation for large flood events
and useful only for knowing where not to go during extremely heavy rainfall. These maps can also be
used by local government for localized emergency response such as evacuation and access routes,
road closures, siting of key rescue facilities, and for urban planning. According to the website,

“The flood hazards are the product of flood simulations using Flo2d, a Federal Emergency
Management Agency (FEMA) approved flood routing application software. The inundation maps
were simulated using rainfall delivered by tropical storm Ondoy on 26 September 2009 over 3 arc
second topography from the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM). The rainfall event is
considered as an extreme event that can generate floods with a 100-150 year return period.”

From the said online source, Figure 27 shows the areas within the UP Diliman campus that are
considered as flood hazards during a heavy rainfall of 100 to 150 year return period.

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HIGH FLOOD HAZARD

> 1.5 meters Flood Height = greater than 1.5 meters
MEDIUM FLOOD HAZARD
0.5 – 1.5 meters
Flood Height = between 0.5 – 1.5 meters
LOW FLOOD HAZARD
0.1 – 0.5 meters
Flood Height = between 0.1 – 0.5 meters
Figure 27. Flood Hazard Map of the University of the Philippines Diliman
Source: [Link]

Based from the previous figure, some area within and near the project site of the University Sports
Complex is susceptible to flooding with a Medium Flood Hazard Level ranging from 0.5 to 1.5
meters. Note that this map is based on an extreme rainfall event that has 100 to 150 year return period.

Furthermore, based on a study, floods are more frequent in areas lower than five meters in elevation.
According to the elevation and flooded area map shown below, the project location is at least five
meters higher. Thus, it has a low risk to flooding. (Tamamura et al, 2002).

Figure 28. Elevation and Flooded Area Map of Metro Manila

Source: Tamamura et al, 2002

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4.1.3. THE LAND

[Link]. GEOMORPHOLOGY
The geomorphological map of Metro Manila, as shown in
Figure 29, are categorized into three major areas, the
Central Plateau, a stiff soil with an elevation of about ten
meters (10 m) or more, the Coast Lowland, which consists
of about 40 meters soft sand and clay deposits, and the
Marikina Valley, which consists of 50 meters delta and
muddy flood plain deposits (Tamura et al., 2002). The UP
Diliman campus is located near the Marikina Valley. It is
made up of clayey soils (Lim and Medalla, 2001).
Furthermore, the acidity of the soil in the area is high to
Figure 29. Geomorphological
moderate (Ong and Villanueva, 1999). Map of Metro Manila
Source: Tamura et al., 2002

In addition, a survey by the Bureau of Soils and Water

Management (BSWM) showed that Quezon City has
five soil types — (1) the Novaliches Loam Series, (2) San
Luis Clay, (3) San Manuel Clay, (4) Burgos Clay, and (5)
Escapment. UP Diliman campus is situated in Novaliches
Loam series which is the predominant soil type and
commonly called ―adobe‖. This soil is mainly
characterized as hard and compact. Figure 30 shows the
soil map of the entire Quezon City.

Figure 30. Soil Map of Quezon City

Source: Quezon City Socio-Ecological Profile 2010

According also to BSWM, as shown in Table 15, for a hard and compact adobe type of soil, the depth
of the soil profile is greater than 60 meters.

Table 15. Relation of Soil to Depth

Depth of Soil (m) DESCRIPTION
0–5 Brown, loose, and friable loam to clay loam
6 – 20 Dark brown granular clay loam with gravel and concretion
20 – 35 Adobe clay loam with concretions and gravel, highly weather tuff
35 – 60 Weathered adobe rock, slightly compact
> 60 Compact and massive adobe rock
Source: Bureau of Soils and Water Management (BSWM)

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[Link]. TOPOGRAPHY
The following topographic map shown in Figure 31 was prepared by UP CAREU. The elevation data
was from the UP CPDMO, in coordination with NAMRIA. As presented, the location of the proposed
project covers the following grids:

a) M10-M11-L10-L11 – elevation ranges from about 57 to 60 meters from sea level

b) M11-M12-L11-L12 – elevation ranges from about 61 to 66 meters from sea level
c) L9-L10-K9-K10 – elevation ranges from 56 to 62 meters from sea level
d) L10-L11-K10-K11 – elevation ranges from 59 to 62 meters from sea level
e) L11-L12-K11-K12 – elevation ranges from 61 to 66 meters from sea level

Based from these data, the elevation of the project site varies from 56 to 66 meters above sea level.

Figure 31. University of the Philippines Diliman Topographic Map (1993)

Source: UP Office of the Campus Architect

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[Link]. SEISMICITY
The Philippine archipelago is prone to numerous
types of natural hazards due to its geographical
location and physical environment. It is located in
the ―Pacific Ring of Fire‖, between two large
Tectonic plates (Eurasian and Pacific), an area
encircling the Pacific Ocean where frequent
earthquakes and volcanic activity result from the
movements of said tectonic plates. In fact, the
country experiences an average of 20 earthquakes
per day — most are too weak to be felt. The
following map shows the active faults and
trenches throughout the country.

Figure 32 shows that there is an active fault

passing through the vicinity of Metro Manila.
Alarmingly, there is one active fault near the
location of UP Diliman campus which is known as Figure 32. Distribution of Active Faults
the West Valley Fault Line. In Figure 33, the and Trenches in the Philippines
Source: PHIVOLCS
valley fault system in UP Diliman quadrangle is
shown. It also illustrates that the fault lines are
along West Marikina fault line, which is within
three kilometres (3 km) away from the campus,
and is located on the east part of the site area. The
campus is situated near or atop of the fault line.
Because of this, the project area is susceptible to
geologic hazards such as earthquakes,
liquefaction, and ground subsidence that may
result in structural and facility damages in present
times.

Government geologists have found evidence of

ground displacement along the West Valley Fault
Line, running 7.2 kilometres from Parañaque Figure 33. Valley Fault System (VFS) –
Diliman Quadrangle
through Makati, Taguig, Marikina, to San Mateo Source: PHIVOLCS

along the periphery of Quezon City. This fault line

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is indeed active, even if it has not moved in 200 years. Last 2011, PHIVOLCS had warned that it is
already "ripe for movement" ([Link], 2012). According to Perla delos Reyes, geologist and
supervising science research specialist at PHIVOLCS, a typical fault line experiences a major quake
around once every 200 to 400 years. And since it has been approximately 200 years since the last
major movement of the fault, she said that it can move anytime (GMA news online, 2012). In
addition, according to Elmo San Diego, an action officer of the Quezon City Disaster Risk Reduction
Management Council and head of the city‘s Department of Public Order and Safety, QC Mayor
Herbert Bautista declared that the seven kilometre (7 km) stretch of the fault system is a danger zone.
Note that the University of the Philippines Diliman campus is just approximately three kilometres
distance from the fault line.

[Link]. LANDSLIDE VULNERABILITY

Figure 34 presents a portion of the Geological
Hazard Map (2010) of Metro Manila prepared
by MGB. As presented, areas shaded with
yellow have low susceptibility rating to
landslides. The entire area of the UP Diliman
campus (including the project site) falls under
this category. These areas are considered with
low to gentle slopes and lacking tension cracks.

Figure 34. Landslide and Flood Susceptibility

Map of Quezon City Quadrangle
Source: Mines and Geosciences Bureau

[Link]. LIQUEFACTION SUSCEPTIBILITY

Liquefaction and other related occurrence is commonly
caused by large earthquake. This phenomenon reduces the
strength and stiffness of a soil when there is strong
earthquake shaking or other rapid loading. Most of the times,
it results to tremendous amounts of damage including failure
and collapse of structures. Figure 35 shows the liquefaction
hazards in Metro Manila area. As shown, the major part of
Quezon City, especially the project site of the University
Sports Complex, is located in ―Areas of Low or No Hazard‖.
This means that the proposed project is not susceptible to
liquefaction vulnerabilities.
Figure 35. Liquefaction Hazards Map
of Metro Manila
Source: PHIVOLCS

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4.1.4. THE NOISE

[Link]. EXISTING NOISE LEVEL CONDITIONS

Noise level was measured in five sampling sites along the project site of the proposed University
Sports Complex. The measurement was conducted during the reconnaissance survey that was done
last 6th of September 2013, at 4:00 in the afternoon, during a fair and sunny weather. The locations of
the sampling points around the boundaries of the project site are illustrated in Figure 36.

Figure 36. Sampling Points for Sound Level Measurement

Source: Google Earth, version 7.1.1.1888

Description of Sampling Point Locations:

a) POINT 1 – near the end of pathway between Ylanan Street and Balagtas Street
b) POINT 2 – along Commonwealth Avenue, in front of Iglesia ni Cristo & New Era University
c) POINT 3 – along Commonwealth Avenue, near overpass and food stalls
d) POINT 4 – near CHK Gymnasium Building and pathway going to Magsaysay Avenue
e) POINT 5 – along Ylanan Street, near food stall and pathway going to Alumni Center

Table 16 shows that the maximum sound level ranges from 68.7 to 86.0 decibels (dB). These values
exceed the noise standard of 55 dB (daytime, 9:00 am to 6:00 pm) for Category AA — section or area
which requires quietness such as an area within 100 m from school sites, nursery schools, hospitals
and special homes for the aged; directly fronting or facing a four-lane road (Source: Rules and
Regulations of National Pollution Control Commission). In addition, according to the Occupational
Safety and Health Standards of the Department of Labor and Employment, the Permissible Noise
Exposure Limit for an eight hour working exposure per day is 90 dB; thus, the measured noise levels
are within the specified limit.

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Table 16. Measured Sound Level (dB) in Five Sampling Sites along and within
the University Sports Complex Project Site
Location / Sampling Site Maximum Sound Level (dB)
Point 1 68.7
Point 2 78.5
Point 3 86.0
Point 4 70.2
Point 5 73.3

Based from Table 15 and Figure 36, the two highest measurements are Points 3 and 2, which are
adjacent to Commonwealth Avenue. Transportation is the main contributor to roadside noise. This
noise is termed as road traffic noise and the principal noise sources from vehicles are the power unit
and its auxiliaries, transmission system, tires, and breaking system. (Suter, 1991 and Vergel, 2004)

Figure 37. Pictures Taken During Noise Level Measurements Sampling

Left-Right, Top-Bottom: (a) Point 1 Location: Near pathway (from Ylanan St. - Balagtas St.), (b) Point 3 Location: Along
Commonwealth Avenue, near overpass and food stalls, (c) Point 4 Location: Near CHK Gymnasium Building, and (d) Point
5 Location: Along Ylanan St., near food stall and pathway going to Alumni Center

4.2. BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES

The 493 hectares of the University of the Philippines Diliman campus is home to a large diversity of
plants and animals. Several part of the campus is sheltered with seed-bearing, medicinal, ornamental,
and other various species of the plant kingdom. These floras serve many purposes such as habitats and
sources of food to various birds, insects, and animals that live and migrate in the campus. The
following section provides a brief summary of the existing flora and fauna in the project site.

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4.2.1. FLORA DIVERSITY

A study regarding the inventory and mapping
of plants existing in UP Diliman (Sotalbo,
2001) divided the entire campus into 15 blocks.
The division of the blocks is shown in Figure
38. The project site of the University Sports
Complex is located in Blocks 2 and 13. The
Archery, Driving, and Shooting Range are
situated in Block 2, while the remaining
covered area of the proposed project is situated
in Block 13. In this report, vegetation in Block
13 is only considered since this is where the Figure 38. Map of UP Diliman Campus
new facilities and construction will be situated. Showing the Fifteen Blocks
Source: Emiliano D. Sotalbo, 2001

In preparing for the plants inventory, the scope of the study was restricted to certain factors. These
factors are as follows:
1. The inventory is limited to trees, palms, and bamboos that are at least three meters in height.
2. Palms and bamboos with clustering habit were counted as a unit.
3. Shrub and saplings which are less than three meters were excluded.
4. Potted and densely planted plants were excluded.

Table 17 shows the summary of the diverse plant species existing in the vicinity of the project site
(i.e. Block 13). It includes the plant‘s scientific and common name, its distribution or origin, as well
as the number of its specified specie that exists within the study area.

Table 17. Trees, Bamboos, and Palms in the University of the Philippines Diliman Campus -
BLOCK 13 (Year Updated: 2000)
Distribution Number of
SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME
or Origin Existing
Family Anacardiaceae
Anacardium Occidentale Kasoy Ex 1
Mangifera Indica Mango Ex 80
Spondias Mombin Hogplum Ex 3
Family Annonaceae
Annona Muricata Guyabano Ex 19
Annona Squamosa Atis Ex 7
Polyalthia Longifolia Indian Tree Ex 15
Family Apocynaceae
Alstonia Macrophylla Batino I 1
Plumeria Obtusa Kalachuchi Puti Ex 1

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Plumeria Rubra (from rubra) Kalachuchi Pula Ex 7

Plumeria Rubra cv. Kalachuchi Ex 1
Thevetia Peruviana Peruvian-bell Ex 5
Family Araliaceae
Schefflera Actinophylia Octopus Tree Ex 6
Family Bignoniaceae
Spathodea Campanulata African Tulip Ex 13
Family Bixaceae
Bixa Orellana Achuete Ex 5
Family Bombacaceae
Ceiba Pentandra American Kapok Ex 5
Family Boraginaceae
Cordia Dichotoma Anonang I 2
Family Combretaceae
Terminalia Catappa Talisay I 36
Family Elaeocarpaceae
Muntingia Calabura Datiles Ex 37
Family Euphorbiaceae
Antidesma Bunius Bignay I 1
Family Graminae / Poaceae
Bambusa Vulgaris Vittata' Kawayang Dilao Ex 23
Schizostachyum Brachycladum Buhong Dilaw Ex 1
Family Laureceae
Litsea Glutinosa Sablot I 2
Persea Americana Avocado Ex 3
Family Leguminosae / Cesalpiniaceae
Bauhinia Purpurea Fringon Morado Ex 194
Cassia Fistula Golden Shower Ex 7
Cassia Javanica ssp. Nodosa Pink Shower Ex 5
Cynomera Ramiflora var. Ramirflora Balitbitan I 2
Delonix Regia Fire Tree Ex 1
Instia Bijuga Ipil I 1
Peltophorum Pterocarpum Siar Ex 1
Tamarindus Indica Sampalok Ex 13
Acacia Auriculiformis Earpod Wattle Ex 9
Acacia Mangium Mangium Ex 13
Albizia Lebbeck Langil Ex 1
Albizia Lebbekoides Kariskiks I 1
Enterolobium Cyclocarpum Earpod Ex 3
Leucaena Leucocephala Ipil-Ipil Ex 102
Pithecellobium Dulce Kamachile Ex 19
Samanea Samans Rain Tree / Acacia Ex 83
Gliciridia Sepium Kakawate Ex 5
Pterocarpus Indicus forma Echinatus Prickly Narra I 95
Family Lythraceae
Lagerstroemia Speciosa Banaba I 19
Family Meliaceae
Azadirachta Indica Neem Tree Ex 2
Sandoricum Koetjape Santol I 16
Swietenia Macrophylla Large-leafed Mahogany Ex 32
Swietenia Mahogani Small-leafed Mahogany Ex 1
Family Moraceae

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Artocarpus Heterophyllus Langka Ex 4

Ficus Benjamina Salisi I 1
Ficus Elastica Rubber Tree Ex 2
Ficus Elastica 'Variegata' Variegated Rubber Tree Ex 4
Ficus Nota Tibig I 5
Family Moringaceae
Moringa Oleifera Malunggay Ex 4
Family Myrtaceae
Eucalyptus Globusus Blue Gum Tree Ex 4
Eucalyptus Tereticornis Red Gum Tree Ex 8
Eugenia Cumini Duhat Ex 13
Eugenia Javanica Makopa Ex 3
Psidium Guajava Guava Ex 18
Family Oxalidaceae
Averrhoa Balimbi Kamias Ex 8
Family Palmae / Arecaceae
Areca Cathecu Bunga Ex 6
Chrysalidocarpus Lutescens Palmera Ex 2
Cocos Nucifera Coconut Palm / Niyog Ex 55
Cocos Nucifera 'Golden Coconut' Golden Coconut Ex 14
Ptychosperma Macarthurii Macarthur Palm Ex 109
Roystonea Regia Royal Palm Ex 16
Veitchia Merrillii Manila Palm E 13
Family Rubiaceae
Coffea Arabica Coffee Ex 2
Neonauclea Bartlingii Lisak E 1
Family Sapotaceae
Chrysophyllum Cainito Caimito Ex 55
Manilkara Achras Chico Ex 3
Pouteria Campechiana Tiesa Ex 2
Family Verbanaceae
Gmelina Arborea Yamane Ex 119
Premna Ordorata Alagao E 2
Vitex Parviflora Molave I 2
TOTAL = 1,374
Note: Legend for Origin Column: Ex - Introduced or Exotic, I – Indigenous, E - Endemic

Based from the previous table, there are a total of 1,374 existing trees, palms, and bamboos in the
project site. Furthermore, there are 73 different species all in all. Most of these species are exotic or
introduced to the Philippines. There are 56 exotic, 14 indigenous, and 3 endemic species. The
endemic species are Veitchia Merrillii (Manila Palm ), Neonauclea Bartlingii (Lisak), and Premna
Ordorata (Alagao).

The family with the most number of species recorded is Leguminosae or Cesalpiniaceae with 18
species. The most abundant individual species are Bauhinia Purpurea (Fringon Morado), 194 trees;
Gmelina Arborea (Yamane), 119 trees; Macarthur Palm (Ptychosperma Macarthurii), 109 palms;
Leucaena Leucocephala (Ipil-Ipil), 102 trees; Pterocarpus Indicus forma Echinatus (Prickly Narra),
95 trees; Samanea Samans (Rain Tree or Acacia), 83 trees; and Mangifera Indica (Mango), 80 trees.

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The following pictures show the various plants and trees existing in the study area. Most of the areas
that will be covered by the proposed project are vast areas occupied with various plants and animals
living in harmony.

Figure 39. Pictures Taken During the Reconnaissance Survey

Photos Credit to Ms. Aiza G. Santos

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4.2.2. FAUNA DIVERSITY

International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List is among the most significant
decision tools in conservation biology. Species presented in this section were classified into
categories of conservation status (M. Colyvan, 1999). Based from the following tables, most of the
animal species present in UP Diliman Campus have a Least Concern (LC) category. This means that
these species were not qualified as critically endangered, endangered, and vulnerable or near
threatened. These species are also abundant and widespread. For Tables 17, 18, and 19, the following
are the conventions for the IUCN Category.

Legend:
EX  Extinct NT  Near Threatened
EW  Extinct in the wild LC  Least Concern
CR  Critically endangered DD  Data Deficient
EN  Endangered NE  Not Evaluated
VU  Vulnerable

[Link]. AMPHIBIANS AND REPTILES

Table 18 lists the observed herpetofauna. This includes reptiles from the families of Gekkonidae,
Scincidae, Elapidae, and Colubridae and amphibians from the families of Bufonidae and Ranidae.
There are a total of 15 species most commonly known as geckos, lizards, snakes and frogs. IUCN
categories were indicated for some of the species. Meanwhile, R. magna (Giant Visayan frog) and N.
philippinensis (Philippine common cobra) were classified as Vulnerable (VU) and Near Threatened
(NT), respectively. These taxa have chances or are considered to be facing a higher risk of extinction
(IUCN, 2001). In addition, the Philippine cobra is considered as a highly venomous spitting cobra that
may cause neurotoxicity, respiratory paralysis, and death in thirty minutes (Iakhovas, 2011).

Table 18. List of Observed Herpetofauna from UP Diliman Campus

Scientific Name Common Name Category
Class Reptilia
Family Gekkonidae
1. Gekko Gecko Tokay Gecko NE
2. Hemidactylus Frenatus Common House Gecko -
3. Hemidactylus Stejnegeri Stejneger‘s Hemidactylid Gecko -
4. Hemidactylus Sp. - -
5. Cosymbotus Platytus Flat Bodied Gecko -
Family Scincidae
6. Mabuya Multifasciata Common Mabouya -
7. Sphenomorphus Sp. - -
Family Elapidae

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8. Naja Philippinensis Philippine Common Cobra NT

Family Colubridae
9. Rhabdophis Spilogaster Northern Water Snake -
Class Amphibia
Family Bufonidae
10. Bufo Marinus Cane Toad LC
Family Ranidae
11. Rana Erythraea Common Green Frog LC
12. Rana Magna Giant Visayan Frog VU
13. Hoplobatrachus Rugulosus Chinese Edible Flog LC
14. Polypedates Leucomystax Common Tree Frog LC
15. Occidozyga Laevis Common Puddle Frog LC

[Link]. BIRDS
Table 19 lists the observed bird species from UP Diliman campus based from the study of Ong et. al
(1999). Above 61% of wildlife species seen in the study areas were birds. There were a total of 38
species from 20 different families were observed and identified. Some of the commonly observed
species are P. Montanus (Eurasian Tree Sparrow), L. Cristatus (Brown Shrike), H. Tahitica (Pacific
Swallow), P. Goiavier (Yellow-vented Bulbul), R. Javanica (Pied fantail), Orthototmus sp.
(Tailorbird), L. Validirostris (Mountain shrike), L. Schach (Long-tailed shrike), P. Cebuensis (Lemon-
throated leaf-warbler), and S. Chinensis (Spotted dove). Most of the birds were resident breeding
organisms, some are endemic and winter visitors, while a few are introduced. Based on IUCN Red
List, most of the birds were categorized as Least Concern (LC) while the endemic specie, Lanius
Validirostris was classified as Nearly Threatened (NT).

Table 19. List of Observed Avifauna from UP Diliman Campus

Endemicity /
Scientific Name Common Name Category
Residency Status
Family Ploceidae
1. Passer Montanus Eurasian Tree Sparrow Introduced LC
Family Pycnonotidae
2. Pycnonotus Goiavier Yellow-Vented Bulbul Resident Breeder LC
Family Dicaeidae
3. Dicaeum Sp. Flowerpecker - -
Family Columbidae
4. Streptopelia Chinensis Spotted Dove Resident Breeder LC
5. Geopelia Striata Zebra Dove Resident Breeder LC
6. Phapitreron Leucotis White-Cared Brown-Dove Endemic LC
Family Laniidae
7. Lanius Cristatus Brown Shrike Winter Visitor LC
8. Lanius Validirostris Mountain Shrike Endemic NT
9. Lanius Schach Long-Tailed Shrike Resident Breeder LC
Family Sylviidae
10. Megalurus Timoriensis Tawny Grassbird Resident Breeder LC
11. Megalurus Palustris Straited Canegrass Warbler Resident Breeder LC

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12. Phylloscopus Cebuensis Lemon-Throated Leaf-Warbler Endemic LC

13. Phylloscopus sp. Warbler - -
14. Orthotomus sp. Tailorbird - -
Family Motacillidae
15. Motacilla Cinerea Grey Wagtail Winter Visitor LC
16. Anthus Novaeseelandiae Richard‘s Pipit Resident Breeder LC
Family Nectariniidae
17. Nectarinia Sp. Sunbird - -
Family Cuculidae
18. Cacomantis Variolosus Brush Cuckoo Resident Breeder LC
Family Muscicapidae
19. Rhipidura Javanica Pied Fantail Resident Breeder LC
20. Ficedula Narcissina Narcissus Flycatcher Winter Visitor LC
Family Hirundinidae
21. Hirundo Tahitica Pacific Swallow Resident Breeder LC
Family Alcedinidae
22. Halcyon Coromanda Ruddy Kingfisher Winter Visitor LC
23. Halcyon Chloris White-Collared Kingfisher Resident Breeder LC
Family Accipitridae
24. Spilornis Cheela Crested Serpent Eagle Resident Breeder LC
25. Accipiter Trivirgatus Crested Goshawk Resident Breeder LC
Family Ardeidae
26. Bubulcus Ibis Cattle Egret Resident Breeder LC
27. Ixobrychus Cinnamomeus Cinnamon Bittern Resident Breeder LC
Family Picidae
28. Dendrocopos Maculatus Phil. Pygmy Woodpecker Endemic LC
Family Apodidae
29. Collocalia Esculenta Glossy Swiftlet Resident Breeder LC
30. Hirundapus Celebensis Purple Needle Tail Endemic LC
Family Estrildidae
31. Lonchura Malacca Chestnut Munia Resident Breeder LC
32. Lonchura Leucogastra White-Bellied Munia Resident Breeder LC
33. Lonchuria Sp. Munia - -
Family Rallidae
34. Amaurornis Phoenicurus White-Breasted Waterhen Resident Breeder LC
35. Gallirallus Torquatus Barred Rail Resident Breeder LC
36. Gallirallus Sp. Rail - -
Family Sturnidae
37. Acridotheres Cristatellus Crested Myna Introduced LC
Family Turdidae
38. Copsychus Saularis Oriental Magpie Robin Resident Breeder LC

[Link]. MAMMALS
The Volant mammals observed based from the study of Ong et. al. include various species of bats.
The most common was the C. Brachyotis (Lesser Short-Nose Fruit Bat). Non Volant mammals
comprise of several rats and specie of shrew. Based from the IUCN List, all of the mammals listed in
Table 20 have a Least Concern (LC) category.

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Table 20. List of Observed Mammals from UP Diliman Campus

Scientific Name Common Name Category
Volant
Family Pteropodidae
1. Cynopterus Brachyotis Lesser Short-Nosed Fruit Bat LC
2. Ptenochirus Jagori Greater Musky Fruit Bat LC
3. Rousettus Amplexicaudatus Geoffroy‘s Rousette LC
4. Eonycteris Spelaea Cave Nectar Bat LC
Family Vespertilionidae
5. Myotis Muricola Wall-Roosting Mouse-Eared Bat LC
Non-Volant
Family Soricidae
6. Suncus Murinus Asian House Shrew LC
Family Muridae
7. Rattus Norvegicus Brown Rat LC
8. Rattus Exulans Polynesia Rat LC

4.3. SOCIO-ECONOMIC SETTING

4.3.1. EXISTING STRUCTURES AND FACILITIES

BUILDINGS - The College of Human Kinetics (CHK) occupies a vast area of the campus with its
various sports and recreational facilities. The structures and facilities which are located within the
project area are Ylanan Hall (University Gymnasium), Covered Basketball Courts, Track and Field
Oval, and the Archery Range (please refer to Figure 4 for the location of the facilities). The Ylanan
Hall, also known as Old Gym, is an indoor gymnasium that has two basketball courts, four volleyball
courts, nine badminton courts, two dance areas and studio, a judo-karate-wrestling room, a weight-
training area, fencing area, and a table tennis area. The administration and faculty rooms are located
near the east-entrance of the building. There are also two volleyball courts outside the building. The
Covered Basketball Courts or also called as the New CHK Gymnasium is located beside Ylanan Hall,
adjacent at its north side. The Track and Field Oval is located on the east side of the project area. It is
an open space with grass covering. Nearby the oval is the Athlete‘s Quarter. The Archery Range is
located in the south-west most part of the project area. It is mostly an open space with vegetation. It
has a bleachers area and stock rooms for supplementary equipment.

OTHER FACILITIES – The College also has its own library which is said to have the most
complete collection of sports literature in the whole country. Its collection is related to physical
education, sports science, recreation, and dance. The library has 8,200 volumes of books, 290 titles of
video tapes, 138 titles of CD or cassette tapes, 64 titles of current and non-current serials, and 32 titles
of electronic serials. Its services also include database searching, Online Publication Access

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Catalogue (OPAC), Maelisa Software, circulation, current awareness services, e-library, and printing
services. There are also parking spaces surrounding the CHK building. One located at the front side of
Ylanan Hall and the other is near the New CHK Gym.

ROADWAYS
Commonwealth Avenue – located on the northwest side of the project site. It is a national highway
that spans from 6 to 18 lanes and is considered the widest in the Philippines.
Ylanan Street – within the area is a section of Ylanan Street. It is a two-lane roadway with asphalt
covering. It connects Commonwealth Avenue to Magsaysay Avenue.
F. Balagtas Street – located on the east side of the project site. It is also a two-lane road with
concrete paving. It sets as a boundary between the project site and its nearby residential areas.
Minor Arteries – there are also narrow access roads or arteries within the area.

4.3.2. POPULATION CHARACTERISTICS AND EMPLOYMENT

Due to the courses or subjects offered by the college, the location of the project site, as well as its
facilities and structures, a large number of people in UP Diliman utilize and visit the project area.
Population within the project area is comprised of students, faculty members, employees, and visitors.

STUDENTS - According to the record of the Office of the University Registrar (OUR) of UP
Diliman, as of July 6, 2012, student population enrolled reaches 24,819 where the numbers of
undergraduate and graduate students are 17,405 and 7,414, respectively. The graduate to
undergraduate ratio is 1:2.35. In the College of Human Kinetics, there are a total of 657 students who
primarily utilize the existing structures and facilities in the college. The numbers of undergraduate and
graduate students in CHK are 541 and 116, respectively.

FACULTY - As of April 2012, the full time faculty members consist of professors, associate and
assistant professors, research professors, and instructors that reaches to 1,526 — including 281
professors, 294 associate professors, 533 assistant professors, 410 instructors. The faculty-to-student
ratio is 1:16.26. Furthermore, as of November 2011, there are a total of 528 faculty members with
doctorate degree. The College of Human Kinetics has 2 professors, 5 associate professors, 14 assistant
professors, and 11 instructors — for a total of 32 faculty members.

OTHERS - Aside from the students and faculty, population in UP Diliman also consists of 2100+
staff members, 1000+ service providers, 18000+ formal and 70000+ informal settlers, and hundreds
of commuters and visitors every day. Ensuring the campus safety, there are a total of 403 security

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personnel all around the campus, which is composed of 47 UP Diliman Police (UP-DP), 88 members
of Special Security Brigade (SSB), and 268 security guards. There are also 158 employees for
janitorial services.

GENDER - According to the data of OUR gathered last August 26, 2011, the male-to-female ratio of
the student population in UP Diliman is equivalent to 1:1.4.

4.3.4. LAND USE

The following map shows the Land Use Plan of the University of the Philippines Diliman campus as
of 2011. As illustrated, the allotted area for campus core is 4.4%, for academic purposes is 27.93%,
science and technology park is 23%, resource generation zone is 8.62%, residential use is 22.48%,
community services purpose is 0.77%, and open spaces and protected forest area is 12.79%.

Figure 40. University of the Philippines Diliman Campus Land Use Plan (2012)
Source: Office of the Campus Architect

The area of the proposed project is categorized as under ―Academic or Academic Support Units‖ —
since the project include sports and recreational facilities that will aid our athletes and serve as a
venue for other students to learn and train. Certain parts (shaded in red, along Commonwealth
Avenue) will be for resource generation zone.

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4.3.5. HOUSING AND SETTLEMENT

The entire UP Diliman has seven barangays. As of 2011, the number of households inside its
boundaries reaches 15,484. The number of persons living in a household is estimated to be 4.2. The
total population stretched to a total of 18,979. Table 21 shows the distribution of households per
barangays.

Table 21. Number of Household per Barangay Jurisdiction in UP Diliman

Barangay No. of household
UP Campus 5,022
Botocan 395
San Vicente 967
Old Capitol Site 1,100
Krus na Ligas 8,000
Culiat No data
Pansol No data

Figure 41 shows the barangay jurisdiction in UP Diliman. As presented, Area 1, 2, and 3 are the
residential areas near the project site. These designated areas belongs to Barangay UP Campus.

Figure 41. University of the Philippines Diliman Barangay Jurisdiction (1997)

Source: UP Office of Community Relations, CAD Drawing by Office of the Campus Architect

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4.3.6. EDUCATION
The several facilities and structures inside the project site serve as a training ground for the athletes
and students to learn and appreciate different kinds of sports — since CHK offer various courses and
programs of physical education, sports sciences, and other recreational activities.

BASIC PHYSICAL EDUCATION - There are numerous basic physical education programs offered
by the college to all the UP undergraduate students who are required to take at least two PE courses as
prerequisite for graduation from an undergraduate degree or title. As of 1st semester 2013-2014, the
college offers a total of 114 basic PE courses.

ACADEMIC PROGRAMS - CHK also offers one graduate program, which is the M.S. in Human
Movement Science, and various undergraduate courses including the following:
 Bachelor of Physical Education
 Bachelor of Sports Science
 Diploma in Exercise and Sports Science
 Certificate in Sports Studies

NON-ACADEMIC PROGRAMS - The college also has non-academic programs in the area of
sports, recreation, and dance such as the following:
 Varsity Teams
 Intramural Sports
 Varsity Athletic Admission System (VAAS)
 Community Recreation
 UP Filipiniana Dance Group
 Student Organizations
o UP Street Dance Club
o UP Dance Sport Society

4.3.7. HEALTHCARE SERVICES

UNIVERSITY HEALTH SERVICE - Not far from the project area is the University Health
Service (UHS), which is located along J.P. Laurel Street, near the Shopping Centre and the Parish of
the Holy Sacrifice. It is a 50-bed primary hospital fully capable of handling simple, uncomplicated,
and stable medical conditions. This facility offers primary care services such as preventive-promotive
programs, including physical and medical examinations, immunizations, and consultations on various

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fields like dental, cardiology, dermatology, otorhinolaryngology (E.N.T.), gastroenterology,

nephrology, family medicine, neurology, nutrition and weight management clinic, obstetrics and
gynaecology, OB-gyne sinology, ophthalmology, orthopaedic surgery, paediatrics, radiology, general
surgery, and urology. It also has regular appraisal for the university staffs and students. It also offers
auxiliary services such as pharmacy, laboratory tests, X-ray, electrocardiography, and dietary, as well
as special privileges and discounted rates to enrolled students, university staffs, and their dependents.
Faculty or employee dependents include their spouse, parents, unmarried children below 21 years old
of whom must be solely dependent on the faculty or staff for his/her support, and children 21 years
old and above who are incapable of self-support due to physical or mental incapacity.

SPORTS PHYSICAL THERAPY CLINIC - CHK also has its own Sports Physical Therapy
Clinic (SPTC) where injured athletes are rehabilitated. The clinic is a sports therapy program by the
college together with the School of Allied Medical Professions (SAMP), which is based in UP
Manila. The UP SAMP sends it physical therapy interns to the CHK to run the clinic under the
supervision of an assigned instructor.

4.3.8. UTILITIES

ELECTRICITY - According to UMT, electric consumption of the campus in Year 2012 is

16,796,151 kWh, with an energy bill of Php 193,203,737.00. The average increase in annual
consumption since 2005 is 1.5% and the average increase in energy cost is 4.18%. The
following figure shows the monthly electric consumption of UP Diliman from 2010 to 2012.

Figure 43. University of the Philippines Diliman Electric Consumption (kWh)

Source: Utility Management Team

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MERALCO provides electricity in the entire campus. The following figure shows the power
distribution system in UP Diliman.

Figure 42. University of the Philippines Diliman Power Distribution System

Source: UP CAREU, UP CPDMO, NAMRIA

TELECOMMUNICATION - Most academic and administration building inside the UP Diliman

campus, including the CHK Gymnasium and Multi-purpose Building, have access to the university
internet known as Diliman Network, or simply DilNet. But still, there are some parts that are not
considered as Wi-Fi hotspots or may have low signal of internet connection. The DilNet-WiFi
requires a proxy server to connect. This proxy also needs a UP Webmail Account (i.e. username and
password) which is only available to UP students and faculty members.

4.3.9. TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE AND TRAFFIC

PEDESTRIAN FACILITIES - Figure 44 is a Road Inventory Map of the UP Diliman campus

emphasizing its pedestrian facilities such as sidewalks, trails or pathways, and jeepney stops. There
are several designated jeepney stops in the campus, especially around the UP Academic Oval. Most of
the times, jeepney driver refuses passengers to let off anywhere if it‘s not a jeepney stop. Waiting
sheds, along the jeepney routes, are places where they are sure to stop.

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Figure 44. Road Inventory Map of the University of the Philippines Diliman
Source: Level of Service of Pedestrian Facilities in the University of the Philippines Diliman (Gacutan & Tan, 2012)

As displayed in the map, most of the pedestrian facilities within the project site have sidewalks that
are concrete paved. There are also two common trails or pathways (orange lines) within the vicinity:
(a) connecting Commonwealth Avenue and the CHK compound, and (b) between Ylanan Street and
F. Balagtas Street, passing through the north side of the UP Track and Field Oval. There are also
approximately four jeepney stops around the area.

PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION ROUTES - Figure 45 shows the various routes of the jeepneys
while traveling around the campus. Jeepneys are the common public transportation in UP Diliman,
aside from taxi or minicabs. As shown in the map, the Orange Line signifies the Toki Jeep Route,
Yellow Line for the Ikot Jeep Route, Red Line for jeeps going to Katipunan, and Green Line for jeeps
going to Philcoa, SM North-Trinoma, and MRT-Pantranco. Note that only Ikot, Toki, and Katipunan
jeepneys pass near the area of the proposed project.

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Figure 45. Jeepney Routes in the University of the Philippines Diliman Campus
Source: [Link]

COLOR CODING - It is a common norm in the campus how to easily know what route a jeepney
is, depending on the colour of its vehicle roof. For example, Ikot and Toki jeeps have yellow roof,
jeeps going to Katipunan have red roof, while jeeps going to Philcoa, SM North-Trinoma, and MRT-
Pantranco have green roof.

TERMINALS AND ACCESSIBILITY - All jeeps are accessible at the Romulo Hall, Shopping
Center, Infirmary, Kalayaan Residence Hall and Palma Hall. Furthermore, all jeeps except the Toki
jeeps have terminals around Vinzon's Hall. Katipunan jeeps enter and exit the campus through the
gate near the Romulo Hall (Asian Center); while Philcoa, SM North-Trinoma, and MRT-Pantranco
jeeps enter and exit the campus through the University Avenue from Commonwealth.

Outside the campus, the Katipunan terminal is under the flyover and near the cross-intersection of
Katipunan Avenue and Aurora Boulevard. In this terminal, there are two kinds of jeepneys — (a) UP
Campus/Ikot and (b) UP Gate/Balara. Only jeepneys with the sign of UP Campus/Ikot go inside the
university, because the other one only reaches the Tandang Sora terminal in front of the Manila Water
Building. Green-roofed jeeps also have terminals outside the campus. The Philcoa jeeps have terminal
near Jollibee and McDonald‘s area in Philcoa, along Commonwealth Avenue. SM North-Trinoma
jeeps have terminal in SM North Parking Area (under the Sky Garden) and Trinoma Jeepney Stops
(inside the parking area, near EDSA and North Avenue). MRT-Pantranco jeeps have terminal located
in Centris Station Shopping Mall along EDSA.

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4.3.10. COMMERCIAL UNITS

There are various small-scale businesses around the vicinity of the proposed project such as sari-sari
stores and food stalls, which are strategically located around the area. These food stalls usually sell
burgers, chips, finger foods (like hotdog, siomai, fish balls, kikiam, cheese sticks, squid balls, etc.),
refreshments (like buko juice, soda, mineral water, etc.), pancit canton (like lucky me, shanghai, lomi,
etc.), and many more. The following are their usual location:

 Besides the Gymnasium Building, near the west side (main) entrance
 In the open area at the back of UP Vanguard
 Along Ylanan Street, near Alumni Centre and Department of Military Science and Tactics
 Along Commonwealth Avenue, near the overpass and one of the gate of the campus

Sometimes, there are also vendors, who are called U.P. Manininda, walking around the vicinity.
These vendors usually sell lumpiang gulay, turon, banana cue, camote cue, carioca, taho, monay (with
cheese or peanut butter), dirty ice cream, and many more.

The project site is also adjacent to residential settlement of Area 2 where there are several businesses
selling various kinds of foods. A certain area known as Food Strip of UP Diliman (along J.P. Laurel
Street, near the UP Post Office and Track Oval) is a place with a wide variety and selection of foods
like gourmet sausages, siomai, fruit shakes, shawarma, burgers, milk tea, and many more. Some of the
renowned stores are Lutong Bahay (LB), Lutong Kapitbahay, Snack Hauz, and Universi-TEA

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IMPACT ASSESSMENT AND

MITIGATION/ENHANCEMENT MEASURES

5.1. REVIEWS OF LAWS, POLICIES, REGULATIONS, AND GUIDELINES

The following are the pertinent laws, policies, regulations, and guidelines for the environmental
considerations of the proposed construction of the University Sports Complex that must be strictly
fulfilled at all times during the project lifetime, from its construction, implementation, until its
abandonment phase.

 PHILIPPINE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT LAW

Presidential Decree No. 1586. This law defines the framework for the implementation of EIA as the
mechanism to reconcile the impacts of development projects on society and the environment.

 PHILIPPINE ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY

Presidential Decree No. 1151. The policies of this law are the following: (1) to create, develop,
maintain, and improve conditions under which man and nature can thrive in productive and
enjoyable harmony with each other; (2) to fulfil the social, economic and other requirements of
present and future generations of Filipino; and (3) to insure the attainment of an environmental
quality that is conducive to a life of dignity and well-being.

 PHILIPPINE ENVIRONMENTAL CODE

Presidential Decree No. 1152. This code is a consolidation of several laws settling forth
management and protection policies and prescribing quality standards for the environment in its
totality. It also provides for air, water quality, land use, natural resources and waste management for
fisheries and aquatic resources; wildlife; forestry and soil conservation; flood control and natural
calamities; energy development; conservation and utilization of surface and ground water and
mineral resources.

 THE POLLUTION CONTROL LAW

Presidential Decree No. 984. This is a national policy that serves as a foundation to prevent, abate,
and control pollution of water, air, and land. It empowers the DENR to enforce cease and desist
orders on the grounds of immediate threat to life, public health, safety or welfare, or to animal or
plant life when wastes or discharges exceed the normal amounts.

Specifically, for the Air Environment

 PHILIPPINE CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1999
Republic Act No. 8749. This law focuses primarily on pollution prevention rather than on control
and provide for a comprehensive air quality management policy and program for air pollution. It

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also sets standards for exhaust emission from vehicles, manufacturing plants and so on; as such, all
emissions must be within the air quality standards set under the law.

 MOTOR VEHICLE POLLUTION CONTROL LAWS

Presidential Decree 1181. This law provides for the abatement, control and prevention of vehicular
pollution & establishing the maximum allowance emissions of specific air pollutants from all types
of vehicle.

 CLIMATE CHANGE ACT OF 2009

Republic Act 9729. It is an act mainstreaming climate change into government policy formulations,
establishing the framework strategy and program on climate change, creating for this purpose the
climate change commission, and for other purposes.

 THE METROPOLITAN MANILA DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY (MMDA) LAW

Republic Act No. 7924. This act imposes regulations and enforcements of traffic laws in Metro
Manila.

Specifically, for the Water Environment

 PHILIPPINE CLEAN WATER ACT OF 2004
Republic Act No. 9275. This act provides a comprehensive water quality management and for other
purposes including protection, preservation, control, and revival of the quality of our country‗s
water bodies against from pollution from all possible sources (industrial, commercial, agricultural
and household activities). It also provides for a comprehensive and integrated strategy to prevent
and minimize pollution through a multi-sectorial and participatory approach involving all the
stakeholders.

 WATER CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES

Presidential Decree 1067. This law adopts adequate measures to conserve and regulate the use of
water in commercial, industrial and residential areas. It also provides other policy guidelines in
water quality and management of water resources in terms of ownership, appropriation, utilization,
exploitation, development, conservation and protection.

Specifically, for the Noise Environment

 ANTI-NOISE POLLUTION ACT OF 2010
House Bill No. 1839. The purpose of this bill is to regulate noise and even provide for appropriate
penalties in order to make the people realize that while they have the right to pursue any activity
they want and desire, they should be responsible for seeing to it that they will stop the moment the
same disturb, annoy, and deleteriously affect the health and welfare of other people

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Specifically, for the Solid and Hazardous Waste Generation and Management
 ECOLOGICAL SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT OF 2000
Republic Act 9003. It is an act providing for an ecological solid waste management program,
creating the necessary institutional mechanisms and incentives, declaring certain acts prohibited and
providing penalties, appropriating funds therefor, and for other purposes. It also ensures the
protection of the public health and environment by promoting to utilize environmentally-sound
methods, as well as proper segregation, collection, transport, storage, treatment and disposal of solid
waste through the formulation and adoption of the best environmental practice in ecological waste
management excluding incineration.
 PRESIDENTIAL DECREES (PD) NO. 825 of 1975, PD 856 of 1975, and PD 1152
These laws regulate safe and responsible disposal of solid and liquid wastes, LGU‗s responsibility
on waste management, and treatment methods.
 THE CODE ON SANITATION OF THE PHILIPPINES
Presidential Decree No. 856. This law places the responsibility in the local government units for the
solid waste management in his area of production.

 TOXIC SUBSTANCES & HAZARDOUS & NUCLEAR WASTES CONTROL ACT OF 1990
Republic Act No. 6969 (RA 6969). This act covers the management and control of toxic substances
and hazardous and nuclear wastes. It also authorizes the DENR to establish a program to regulate,
restrict or prohibit the importation, manufacture, processing, sale, destruction, use and disposal of
chemical substances, and mixture that present unreasonable risk and/or injury to health or the
environment.

 DENR ADMINISTRATIVE ORDER NO. 36 SERIES OF 2004 (DAO 04-36)

It is a procedural manual of DAO 92-29, a comprehensive documentation on the legal and technical
requirements of hazardous waste management.

Specifically, for the Biological Environment

 WILDLIFE RESOURCES CONSERVATION AND PROTECTION ACT
Republic Act No. 9147. This act aims for the conservation of the country's wildlife resources and
their habitats for sustainability, in order to promote ecological balance and enhance biological
diversity.

 PHILIPPINE PLANT VARIETY PROTECTION ACT OF 2002

Republic Act No. 9168. It aims to provide protection to new plant varieties and establish a national
plant variety protection board. This law includes the protection and security with respect to their
new plant variety particularly when beneficial to the people and maintain a healthful ecology in
accord with the rhythm and harmony of nature.

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Specifically, for the Socio-Economic Environment

 LAND TRANSPORTATION AND TRAFFIC CODE
Republic Act No. 4136. This act controls the registration and operation of motor vehicles, the
licensing of owners, dealers, conductors, drivers, and similar matters. It also includes the
permissible weights and dimensions of vehicles in highways traffic

 HIGHWAY CAPACITY MANUAL (2000)

HCM is an international guidebook that is generally followed as a basis for transportation designs in
the country. This includes discussion of the different aspects and standards of transportation
engineering such as traffic characteristics, standard dimensions and properties of roads and
pedestrian facilities, intersections, and others.

 LABOR CODE OF THE PHILIPPINE

Presidential Decree No. 442. This act consolidated several labor and social laws to afford full
protection to labor, promote employment and human resources development.

 OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH STANDARDS

Implementing Rules and Regulations Article 162, Book IV, Title I, PD 442. This law states the
provisions of OSH such as its administration, enforcement of laws, policies, and programs. It also
requires the employers in all branches of economic activity to provide their employees with safe and
healthful working place and working conditions.

 SPECIAL PROTECTION OF CHILDREN AGAINST CHILD ABUSE, EXPLOITATION,

AND DISCIMINATION ACT
Republic Act No. 7610. This law prohibits the employment of children below 15 years of age in
public and private undertakings.

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5.2. IMPACT ANALYSIS AND CORRESPONDING MITIGATION/ENHANCEMENT MEASURES

This section is a summary of the Impact Management Plan (IMP) as presented in Section 6.1. The preparers analysed the possible environmental impacts that
may arise during the entire project duration. These impacts are categorized into different aspects such as (1) Air Environment, (2) Surface Water
Environment, (3) Soil and Groundwater Environment, (4) Solid and Hazardous Waste Generation and Management, (5) Noise Environment, (6) Biological
Environment, (7) Socio-Economic Environment, and (8) Visual Environment. For the negative impacts, the preparers suggested various mitigation measures
in order to lessen or prevent its adverse effects. Also, for impacts that may cause benefit to the project proponent and other stakeholders such as the university
students, employees, and its nearby surroundings, enhancement measures were also recommended. The preparers also evaluated the environmental impacts in
accordance to the factors characterized in Section 2.5.3.

5.2.1. AIR ENVIRONMENT

Table 22. Impact Analysis and Mitigation Measures for the Air Environment
Nature Responsible
Severity Degree of Estimated
Impacts of Mitigation Measures Entity or Schedule Duration Extent Likelihood
Impact Organization Scale confidence Cost
Emissions from:
1 Vehicles used for the (1) Implement a suppliers
delivery of the materials control procedure to require
needed for the delivery trucks of supplier to
Contractor, Construction Highly No Cost to
construction (i.e. Negative submit valid result of LTO Short term Regional High High
Supplier Phase likely Project
procurement of smoke emission test
materials from long (2) Ensure full implementation
distances) of anti-smoke belching laws
2 (1) Consider the use of clean
fuels
(2) Conduct regular preventive
Construction
maintenance of construction Part of
machineries and other Construction Highly
Negative machineries Contractor Short term Project site Medium High Management
vehicles going in and Phase likely
(3) Minimize idling time of Cost
out of the project site
machineries (at most 5 minutes,
if possible) in order to save fuel
and lessen gas emissions

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3 Combustion of fuel (1) Utilize LPG instead of

during food preparation wood and electricity as fuel Operation No Cost to
Neutral Staff Long term Project site No effect Likely Medium
(i.e. cooking, grilling, (2) Disallow athletes to cook Phase Project
boiling, frying) their own food
4 Part of
Vehicles of the athletes Athletes and Operation Highly
Negative Long term Study area Medium High Management
and staff Improve public transportation Staff Phase likely
Cost
and traffic management
5 Part of
Vehicles of the arriving systems Operation Highly
Negative Visitors Long term Local Medium High Management
and visiting spectators Phase likely
Cost
6 Methane from sewage
(i.e. toilets of Part of
Operation
dormitories and other Negative Install a biogas digester system Athletes Long term Project site Low Likely Medium Management
Phase
buildings) Cost

Air pollution from:

7 (1) Implement No-Smoking
Policy & communicate this
policy amongst workers and
employees
Smoking of
(2) Disallow the carrying of
construction workers Construction No Cost to
Negative cigarettes inside the project site Contractor Short term Project site Low Likely Low
and other employees Phase Project
(3) Execute penalty to the
during construction
violators
(4) Explain the health and
environmental consequences of
smoking
8 (1) Implement No-Smoking
Policy & communicate this
policy amongst athletes and
staff
Smoking of athletes,
(2) Disallow the carrying of
staff, and visiting Athletes and Operation No Cost to
Negative cigarettes inside the project site Long term Project site Low Likely Low
spectators during Staff Phase Project
(3) Execute penalty to the
operation
violators
(4) Explain the health and
environmental consequences of
smoking

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Dust generation from:

9 (1) Carry out dust suppression
(i.e. damping of soil
particularly when dry and the
ambient condition is windy)
(2) Provide washing bay to
clean trucks' tires to remove
Soil excavations and mud and dirt before leaving the
Part of
filling (i.e. for project site. This will prevent Construction Highly
Negative Contractor Short term Project site Medium High Management
foundation, swimming carrying of dirt. Phase likely
Cost
pool construction, etc.) (3) Limit speed of the vehicles
(4) Conduct immediate re-
vegetation as the construction
work advances. This will
immediately cover exposed soil
surfaces with appropriate
vegetation
10 (1) Implement covering with
tarpaulin or canvas sheet when
transporting construction
Construction materials materials (i.e. cement powder, Part of
Construction
(i.e. cement powder, Negative sand, soil, etc.) Contractor Short term Project site Medium Definite High Management
Phase
sand, soil, etc.) (2) Provide an operational Cost
water truck onsite at all times to
control dust in order to prevent
dust impacts offsite.
11 Carry out dust suppression i.e.
Part of
Demolition of structures damping of soil particularly
Negative Contractor Abandonment Short Term Project site Medium Definite High Management
and facilities when dry and the ambient
Cost
condition is windy
Fumes and/or smoke generation from:
12 Prohibit open burning including
unnecessary generation of heat
Volatile construction and spark inside and near the
Construction No Cost to
materials (i.e. paint, Negative project area. This is required to Contractor Short term Project site Medium Definite High
Phase Project
thinner, solvents, etc.) prevent possible combustion or
explosion caused by these
materials.

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13 (1) Train personnel regarding

the safety and environmental
Welding, cutting, and implications of welding
Part of
other related metal/steel activities Construction
Negative Contractor Short term Project site Medium Definite High Management
activities during (2) Provide sufficient Phase
Cost
construction ventilation
(3) Put into operation the local
extraction technology
14 (1) Train personnel regarding
the safety and environmental
implications of welding
activities
Swimming pool Part of
(2) Store chemicals properly Operation Highly
disinfecting chemicals Negative Staff Long term Project site Low High Management
(i.e. tightly sealed, labelled, Phase likely
(i.e. chlorine) Cost
locked, with sufficient
ventilation)
(3) Ensure that personnel are
aware of the chemicals' MSDS
Others:
15 Decrease in the carbon Conduct immediate re-
sequestration due to vegetation as the construction Part of
Construction Highly
clearing and removing Negative work advances. This will Contractor Short term Study area Low High Management
Phase likely
of trees and plants from reduce the interval between Cost
the existing location cleaning and re-vegetation
16 Increase in temperature Use light coloured concrete. Part of
Construction Highly
due to covering and Negative This absorbs less solar heat Contractor Short term Study area Medium High Management
Phase likely
concreting of grounds than asphalt. Cost

5.2.2. SURFACE WATER ENVIRONMENT

Table 23. Impact Analysis and Mitigation Measures for the Surface Water Environment
Nature Responsible
Severity Degree of Estimated
Impacts of Mitigation Measures Entity or Schedule Duration Extent Likelihood
Impact Organization Scale confidence Cost
1 (1) Use of sediment pit and
The construction site
reservoir
has changed the nature Part of
(2) Prevent susceptible surfaces Construction Highly
of surface runoff in Negative Contractor Short Term Catchment Medium high Management
with mulch or fabric and plant Phase Likely
term of both quantity Cost
non-erodible surfaces as soon as
and quality
possible

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2 Domestic water
generated by
Part of
construction introduces Use septic tank and improve Contractor, Construction Study
Negative Short Term Medium Likely Medium Management
new stress to the sewerage system MWSS Phase Area
Cost
existing condition of
sewerage system
3 (1) Implement best management
practices
The excess and remain
(2) Reduce use of herbicides Part of
of herbicides and Construction
Negative and fertilizers Contractor Short Term Project site Low Unlikely Unsure Management
fertilizers pollute the Phase
(3) Prevent land drainage from Cost
surrounding water body
reaching surface water without
applicable treatment
4 The amount of effluent
Improve sewerage system, Contractor, Part of
& wastewater increases Construction
Negative drainage structure, and pumping Project Short Term Project site Medium Likely Medium Management
as the construction is Phase
facilities Team Cost
taking place
5 Deteriorate the water (1) Prevent susceptible surfaces
quality by the present of with mulch or fabric and plant Contractor, Part of
Construction Study
sediment and soil Negative non-erodible surfaces as soon as Project Short Term High Likely High Management
Phase Area
erosion coming from the possible Team Cost
construction field (2) Use sediment Pit
6 Incorporate the project with
hydrologist team
The new construction Contractor,
(2) As possible, lay-out the
plan will change the Proponent, Operation Highly No Cost to
Negative project designs with minimal or Permanent Catchment High Low
natural water scheme Project Phase Likely Project
no changes to the natural flow
and its pathway Team
of local water bodies or streams
within the area
7 (1) Create new drainage system
and regular maintenance
(2) Minimize removal of
existing vegetation, particularly
Transformation of land
intact natural habitats, and Part of
cover make the area Operation
Negative prevent removal if not Contractor Long Term Catchment Medium Likely Medium Management
prone to flash flood due Phase
necessary Cost
to extreme rainfall
(3) Institute a storm water
management plan including
strategies such as: minimizing
impervious area, increasing

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infiltration to soil by use of

recharge areas, if possible, use
of natural vegetated swales
instead of pipes or installing
detention or retention facilities
with graduated outlet control
structures
(4) Use „soft engineering‟
techniques for soil and bank
stabilization such as vegetative
stabilization (soil bio-
engineering), in preference to
build structures
8 In context of climate
change, new stress of Design an efficient drainage Project
Operation No Cost to
flooding events put the Negative system to evacuate the storm Team, Long Term Catchment Medium Likely Low
Phase Project
area under sensitive and water MWSS
vulnerable condition
9 Consumption of large (1) Provide treatment of
amount of water due to effluent, wastewater, and Part of
Project Operation Project
Olympic sized Negative sewage Permanent High Likely Medium management
Team Phase Site
swimming pool (2) Improve drainage structures cost
structure and pumping facilities
10 Some construction plans
would change the Relocate the project if possible, Operation Project No Cost to
Negative Proponent Permanent High Likely Unsure
function of particular or minimize the project scale Phase Site Project
water body

5.2.3. SOIL AND GROUNDWATER ENVIRONMENT

Table 24. Impact Analysis and Mitigation Measures for the Soil and Groundwater Environment
Nature Responsible
Severity Degree of Estimated
Impacts of Mitigation Measures Entity or Schedule Duration Extent Likelihood
Impact Organization Scale confidence Cost
1 Soil mechanics and soil
Contractor, Part of
structure are affected Test and observe the soil property Project
Negative Project All Phases Long Term Medium Likely Medium Management
by the change of land regularly Site
Team Cost
cover

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2 (1) Study groundwater system and

make a baseline map describing
Construction projects Contractor,
the elevation, properties, and
would interfere the Project Project No Cost to
Negative volume of ground water All Phases Long Term High Likely Medium
recharge and base flow Team, Site Project
(2) Conduct a regular monitoring
of groundwater system Proponent
study for the status of the
groundwater system
3 (1) Build a foundation elements as
liquefaction resistant structures
Susceptibility to (2) Improve the soil compositions Contractor, Part of
Construction Project
liquefaction of newly Negative such as strength, density and/or Project Short Term Medium Likely Medium Management
Phase Site
filled soil drainage characteristics Team Cost
(3) Test and observe the soil
property regularly
4 (1) An on-site measures to reduce
peak flood discharge. This could
Construction projects be achieved through on-site water
might change detention, storm water infiltration
permanently the systems, landscaping or their Part of
Contractor, Construction Project
topology of the area Negative combination Permanent High Likely high Management
Proponent Phase Site
and exacerbate the (2) No construction within 30 Cost
flooding condition in meters of drainage lines
the area (3) Use of retaining walls for soil
preservation and design an
efficient drainage system
5 Infrastructure
construction,
particularly road
construction reduces
Contractor, Part of
the existing soil Use soil and bank stabilization Construction Project Highly
Negative Project Short Term Medium high Management
capacity to erosion and technique to reduce the erosion Phase Site Likely
Team Cost
introduces the new soil
from borrow pit to
operate the
construction
6 Over extraction of (1) Avoid mining groundwater,
groundwater as sources particularly in drier climates Part of
Contractor, Construction Study
of additional water for Negative (2) Use surface water as an Long Term Medium Likely high Management
MWSS Phase Area
construction may cause alternative Cost
groundwater depletion, (3) Make use of rain water by

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salt water intrusion, reservoir

and land subsidence (4) If cannot be avoided, ensure
are the direct effects of that projected use of groundwater
the is within the capacity of the local
natural system to replenish itself
7 (1) Non-essential removal of
vegetation should be avoided
(2) Usage of temporary erosion
control plans
(3) Provide also a permanent
Degradation of soil
erosion control plans that should
cover from erosion,
focus on the establishments of Construction, Part of
removal, or loss of soil Project
Negative stable native vegetation Contractor Operation Permanent High Likely Medium management
structure due to road Site
communities Phase cost
and infrastructure
(4) Ensure that the topsoil in the
compaction
construction areas are stripped and
stored for future use and not
illegally removed from the site
(5) Resurface or pave open areas
after the completion of the project
8 (1) A good environmental
management should be practiced
to avoid any spillages and other
accidents by controlling and
checking up always the machinery
Leaking underground for leaks and be alert to possible
storage tank and the threat
use of construction (2) Collect and recycle lubricants
machinery will (4) No construction camps and Contractor, Part of
Operation Project
contaminate the Negative mixing of concrete within 50 Project Long Term Medium Unlikely Unsure Management
Phase Site
groundwater quality by meters from drainage line and Team Cost
the presence of oil, standing water source
grease, and other (5) No construction activities to
polluted substances occur in any wetlands
(6) An appropriate and separate
containment or storage area for
different materials, such as fuel
and other materials that could be a
contaminant, should be provided

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5.2.4. SOLID AND HAZARDOUS WASTE GENERATION AND MANAGEMENT

Table 25. Impact Analysis and Mitigation/Enhancement Measures for Solid and Hazardous Waste
Nature Responsible
Severity Degree of Estimated
Impacts of Mitigation Measures Entity or Schedule Duration Extent Likelihood
Impact Organization Scale confidence Cost
1 Hazardous
construction waste (1) Full implementation of laws Part of
related to solid waste Contractor / Construction Highly
generation (i.e. wood Negative Short term Local Low High Management
management (i.e. RA 9003) Supplier Phase likely
chips, metal scraps, Cost
packaging materials) (2) Isolate the generated
2 construction wastes from the
Solid wastes generation
surrounding environment Part of
due to demolition of Abandonment Highly
Negative (3) Provide Materials Recovery Contractor Short term Local Medium Medium Management
buildings during Phase likely
Facility Cost
abandonment
3 (1) Train and make the personnel
aware about various hazardous
Hazardous materials in the site project
construction waste (2) Educate the personnel about Part of
Construction
generation (i.e. asbestos Negative Material Safety and Data Sheet Contractor Short term Local High Likely High Management
Phase
insulation, battery, (3) Provide sufficient storage Cost
lead) areas for hazardous materials
(4) Outsource disposal and
treatment
4 Recovery of reusable &
Ensure that there is a proper
recyclable materials Athletes and Operation Highly No Cost to
Positive storage area of the recyclables Long term Project site No effect Medium
due to solid wastes Staff Phase likely Project
and it should be maintained
generation
5 (1) Train and educate athletes and
staff about proper waste
Solid wastes generation
segregation Part of
during routine Athletes and Operation Highly
Negative (2) Provide sufficient and Long term Local Low High Management
operations (without Staff Phase likely
properly labelled waste bin Cost
major sports event)
(3) Have an efficient system for
solid wastes collection in the area
6 Solid wastes generation (1) Provide sufficient and
Part of
during non-routine properly labelled waste bin Operation
Negative Visitors Long term Local Medium Definite High Management
operations (with major (2) Install signage about waste Phase
Cost
sports event) segregation

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5.2.5. NOISE ENVIRONMENT

Table 26. Impact Analysis and Mitigation Measures for the Noise Environment
Responsible
Nature of Severity Degree of Estimated
Impacts Impact
Mitigation Measures Entity or Schedule Duration Extent Likelihood
Organization Scale confidence Cost
Noise Generation from:
1 (1) Ensure proper tuning and
maintenance of construction
Hauling equipment
equipment. Equipment that are Part of
during the construction Construction Highly
Negative properly maintained are quieter Contractor Short term Study area Low High Management
(i.e. pay loaders, Phase likely
than poorly maintained ones. Cost
cranes, forklifts)
(2) Require vehicle engineers to
have working mufflers
2 (1) Schedule and limit loud
activities to day time only
especially at nearby settlements
Workers during
and institutions
construction (i.e. Construction Highly No Cost to
Negative (2) Discourage construction Contractor Short term ` Low High
voices, sound system, Phase likely Project
workers from shouting or making
gadgets)
disturbing noise especially in
places near residential areas and
academic classrooms
3 (1) Implement a suppliers control
procedure to require their
The vehicles used in the
delivery trucks to install
delivery of the
applicable noise reducing device
materials needed for
(i.e. enclosure, silencer) and to Contractor, Construction Highly No Cost to
the construction (i.e. Negative Short term Regional Low High
conduct their own regular Supplier Phase likely Project
procurement of
preventive maintenance
materials from long
(2) Implement efficient Traffic
distances)
Management Plan within the
project area
4 (1) Ensure proper tuning and
Construction maintenance of construction
Part of
equipment (i.e. jack equipment. Equipment that are Construction
Negative Contractor Short term Study area High Definite High Management
hammer, steel grinders, properly maintained are quieter Phase
Cost
electric saw) than poorly maintained ones.
(2) Install noise barriers

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especially around sensitive areas

(3) Schedule and limit loud
activities to day time only
especially at nearby settlements
and institutions
(4) Provide fences, warning signs
5 Part of
The vehicles of the Improve public transportation Athletes and Operation Highly
Negative Long term Project site Low High Management
athletes and staff and traffic management systems. Staff Phase likely
Cost
Traffic must flow smoothly
6 The vehicles of the Part of
because stop-and-start flow is Operation Highly
arriving and visiting Negative Visitors Long term Project site Medium High Management
noisier. Phase likely
spectators Cost
7 Athletes and staff (i.e.
Schedule and limit loud activities
voices, microphones,
to day time only especially at Athletes and Operation Highly No Cost to
megaphones, sound Negative Long term Study area Medium High
nearby settlements and Staff Phase likely Project
systems, whistles,
institutions.
signal gun, etc.)
8 The visiting spectators (1) Plant trees to serve as noise
during sports events screens Operation No Cost to
Negative Visitors Long term Study area Medium Definite High
(i.e. voices, sound (2) Schedule and limit loud Phase Project
systems, gadgets) activities to daytime (6AM-6PM)
9 Demolition of buildings Schedule and limit loud activities Abandonment Highly No Cost to
Negative Contractor Short term Project site Low High
during abandonment to daytime (6AM-6PM) Phase likely Project

5.2.6. BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT

Table 27. Impact Analysis and Mitigation Measures for the Biological Environment
Responsible
Nature of Severity Degree of Estimated
Impacts Impact
Mitigation Measures Entity or Schedule Duration Extent Likelihood
Organization Scale confidence Cost
1 Disturbed soil surface Construction,
Restoration of green infrastructure Study No cost to
may lead to soil Negative Contractor Operation Long term Medium Likely High
such as soil surface Area project
erosion Phase
2 Reduction in number (1) Preserve & restore habitat areas
of fauna including that support special-status species
Construction, Part of
those rare and (2) Domesticated animals should Study
Negative Contractor Operation Permanent High Definite High management
endangered animals, be returned to respective owners Area
Phase cost
due to displacement of (3) Relocation of animals with
natural habitat. destroyed natural habitat

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3 Removal and damages

to surface vegetation (1) Minimize the removal of
and loss of green ecologically valuable vegetation. It
Construction,
areas including should not be removed if not Project No cost to
Negative Contractor Operation Permanent High Likely Medium
cutting of trees may necessary Site project
Phase
lead to flooding and (2) Replanting and restoration of
loss CO2 removed plants
sequestration
4 Construction of sports
fields (i.e. softball and (1) Minimize the removal of
baseball fields) that ecologically valuable vegetation. It
Construction,
may reduce should not be removed if not Project No cost to
Negative Contractor Operation Permanent High Likely High
biodiversity due to necessary Site project
Phase
replacement of (2) Replanting and restoration of
natural vegetation removed plants
with grass
5 (1) Identify important stands of
vegetation, habitat, vegetation on
steep slopes, and stream corridors
Loss or degradation
or swales and incorporate into Contractor, Construction, Part of
of vegetation from Project
Negative design layout or open space system Project Operation Long term High Likely Medium management
unnecessary removal Site
(2) Protect such areas during Team Phase cost
or mechanical damage
construction by temporary fencing
and limitations on access for heavy
machinery and materials storage
6 (1) Prohibit planting invasive
species
(2) Protect natural habitat from
Introduction of destructive management or
invasive new species maintenance practices, such as the
of plants in the area removal of under storey vegetation
Construction,
causes loss of from woodlands, or excessive Study No cost to
Negative Project team Operation Long term Medium Likely Medium
ecosystem resilience clearance of vegetation from Area project
Phase
since it competes with stream banks
the natural plants and (3) Keep monitoring for early
suppress their growth detection and eradication
(4) Apply control and management
if other options fail
(5) Restore natural vegetation

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7 (1) Temporary fencing to be

constructed to protect streams from
any damages
(2) Plan realignment in the project
design to avoid sensitive areas
(3) Design engineered riparian
Aquatic ecosystem
zones for soil stabilization or Construction, Part of
may be damaged due
Negative restoration. These zones are Contractor Operation Long term Catchment Medium Likely High management
to soil disturbance
important natural bio filters in Phase cost
during construction
protecting aquatic environments
from excessive sedimentation,
polluted surface runoff and erosion
(4) Biological restoration can take
place through erosion control and
vegetation
8 (1) Monitor the level of bird and
wildlife activity in the area and
Increase road strikes
carry out particular control
of birds and wildlife
measure techniques such as Construction, Part of
(especially slow- Study
Negative infrared cameras, air fed, Project team Operation Permanent Medium Likely Medium management
moving organisms Area
electronic whistles, and collision Phase cost
such as frogs and
warning systems
tortoises)
(2) Realign if necessary to avoid
important migratory routes
9 (1) The critical environmental sites
with bodies of water, wetlands and
Interruption in
habitats containing rare and
ecosystem, especially
endangered species should be
if roads and
identified and not threatened by the Construction, Part of
structures are built in Study
Negative project location Contractor Operation Permanent Medium Likely High management
sensitive areas (such Area
(2) Plan realignment in the project Phase cost
as streams, wetlands
design to avoid sensitive areas
or along coastal
(3) Installation of culverts and
strips)
bridges according to the criteria
from the hydrological survey
10 (1) In areas important to terrestrial
Ecosystem
wildlife movement, design Construction,
degradation by Study No cost to
Negative improved structure so that they Project team Operation Permanent High Likely High
creating barrier Area project
allow wildlife to continue to move Phase
between ecosystems
across them

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(2) Maintain and/or design open

space networks to follow natural
site features, such as stream
corridors, and connect the site, and
local open space systems
11 Maintain and/or design open space
Degradation of networks to follow natural site Construction,
Study No cost to
habitats caused by Negative features, such as stream corridors, Contractor Operation Permanent High Likely High
Area project
fragmentation and connect the site and local and Phase
regional open space systems
12 Increased impact in
plants and animals
Implement waste management plan Construction,
species due to Study No cost to
Negative through corrective disposal, Project team Operation Permanent High Definite High
expected increased Area project
recycling and handling of wastes Phase
human activity in
area

5.2.7. SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT

Table 28. Impact Analysis and Mitigation/Enhancement Measures for Socio-Economic Environment
Impacts Nature Responsible
Severity Degree of Estimated
of Mitigation Measures Entity or Schedule Duration Extent Likelihood
Impact Organization Scale confidence Cost
POPULATION AND EMPLOYMENT
1 Improved standard of living by increasing employment rate
a) Temporary (1) Hired personnel shall have the Part of
Construction
employment for Positive required qualifications or pertinent Contractor Short term Local Medium Definite High Management
Phase
construction workers training on the manner of the Cost
construction works (or office works)
b) New jobs for where they will be employed
administration, (2) Adequate salaries shall be given
to the construction workers (or office Proponent,
maintenance, security, Operation No Cost to
Positive staffs & other employees) UPD- Long term Local High Definite High
and other staff Phase Project
(3) Prioritize hiring of qualified HRDO
positions for the new
structures and facilities workers within the adjacent
residential areas

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2
Prioritize employing local people
Increase of demand for
from nearby residential areas in Part of
housing and utilities of Construction Project Highly
Negative order to reduce outside workers who Contractor Short term Low Medium Management
outside construction Phase Site likely
would immigrate and demand Cost
crew
housing and utilities
3
Due to the presence of Employ good and efficient
large numbers of management rules regarding 'Peace
Construction Study No Cost to
workers, alcoholism Negative & Order' and discourage the practice Contractor Short term Low Unlikely Medium
Phase Area Project
and violence may of misbehaviour by imposing penalty
increase in the area or judicial consequences

UTILITIES
4 Increase demand for water consumption
(1) Design an efficient water pipe or
distribution system and ensure Contractor, Project
a) for construction minimal loss of water Part of
Project Planning and
usage and personal Negative (2) Incorporate green innovations Short term Local Low Definite High Management
Team, Construction
necessities of workers such as roof catchment features with Cost
MWSS Phase
rainwater harvesting, as well as
water purification system
(3) Avoid unnecessary usage such as
turning off the faucet when not in
use and regularly check for pipe
b) for cleaning and
leaks in order to save water Proponent, Operation No Cost to
maintenance purposes Negative Long term Local Low Definite High
(4) Install water conserving taps that UPD-UMT Phase Project
of all the facilities
turn-off automatically when water is
not in use
5 Increase demand for power consumption
Ensure that all workers and operators
are aware on how to conserve
Contractor, Part of
a) Electricity needed electricity such as unplugging Construction
Negative Project Short term Local Low Definite High Management
for the construction appliances when not in use and use Phase
Team Cost
of power strip to conveniently
unplug one cord instead of many

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(1) Avoid unnecessary usage of

electricity such as
unplugging/switching off
appliances/lightings when not in use,
use of power strip to conveniently
unplug one cord instead of many, set
air conditioning units (ACU's) as
high as or as low as reasonable, and
efficient use of appliances
(2) Set limits on how many gadgets
are allowed to bring in the dormitory
b) power supply needed (3) Incorporate installation of
Proponent, Operation No Cost to
for the operation of the Negative energy-efficient technologies such as Long term Local Low Definite High
UPD-UMT Phase Project
sports complex LED lighting bulbs or Compact
Fluorescent Lights (CFLs)
(4) Integrate green technologies such
as motion detection lighting and
programmable thermostats which
reduce the establishment's energy
consumption
(5) Include in the designs the use of
natural lighting as much as possible
(6) Conduct periodic cleaning of
lighting fixtures and preventive
maintenance of ACU's

LAND USE
6
(1) Review site development plan &
provide venues where public could
stay, stroll, or park
(2) Minimize the alteration of the Proponent,
Reduction in public Operation Study No Cost to
Negative public open spaces and/or maintain Project Long term Low Likely Medium
open space Phase Area Project
the area and just improve them by Team
enhancing the landscaping and
providing additional features which
the public could enjoy

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EDUCATION
7 Additional sports and
learning facilities and Operation No Cost to
venues for the students Positive Not necessary Proponent Long term Local High Definite High
Phase Project
and faculty members

ECONOMICS
8
Increase business (1) Financial incomes must be Operation No Cost to
activities or Positive allocated for future development Proponent Long term Local Medium Likely Medium
Phase Project
opportunities projects of the college or the
9 university
Increase in tourism and (2) Prioritize providing business Operation No Cost to
recreational potential Positive spaces or opportunities to local Proponent Long term Local Medium Likely Medium
Phase Project
in the project site residents
(3) Discount rates must be given to
10
students and faculty members of the
Increase in university Proponent, Operation No Cost to
Positive university who would like to rent the Long term Local Medium Likely Medium
and/or college revenues UPD Phase Project
facilities

TRAFFIC AND TRANSPORTATION

11
(1) Provide alternative routes thru a
Traffic Management Plan and re-
routing schemes will be strictly
implemented, in coordination with
LGUs
Traffic congestion in (2) Provide appropriate traffic signs
the access road caused in strategic places to make sure
by certain construction traffic congestion is minimized Part of
Contractor, Construction Study
activities and by the Negative (3) Schedule delivery of fabricated Short term Low Likely Medium Management
UP-DP Phase Area
trucks that are hauling construction materials and others, as Cost
or delivering well as construction-equipment
construction materials movement, will be done during night
time and/or non-peak hours
(4) Assign traffic personnel or
marshals to facilitate movement of
vehicles in and out the site during a
major construction activity

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12 Obstructions in roads
(1) Parking time of idle construction
& highway corridor
machineries and vehicles along the
may result to increase
major roads will be limited,
travel time of vehicles, Part of
especially during rush hours Construction Project
traffic congestion, Negative Contractor Short term Low Likely Medium Management
(2) Access roads and pedestrian Phase Site
impairment of non- Cost
facilities must be opened and free
motored transport, due
from obstructions, if possible, at all
to reduced or impeded
times
rights-of-way
13 (1) Select appropriate types of
equipment with minimal vibration
effect
Use of heavy
(2) Heavy machineries shall be
machineries may cause Part of
operated at low speed to minimize Contractor, Construction
ground vibration and Negative Short term Regional Low Likely Medium Management
vibration and promote road safety DPWH Phase
deterioration of the Cost
(3) Hauling trucks must comply with
access roads
road weight limit standards to avoid
overweighting that may deteriorate
the roadway
14 (1) Designate alternative routes for
When construction vehicular traffic, away from the
interferes with access construction site
roads, it may cause (2) Provide appropriate safety and
Part of
hazardous driving warning traffic signs in strategic Construction Project
Negative Contractor Short term High Likely Medium Management
conditions such as places in order to minimize the Phase Site
Cost
falling of construction potential accidents
debris, risk of fire, and (3) Provide in the traffic
other possible accidents management plan proper markers on
roads (i.e. lights, reflective signage)
15 (1) Improve the pertinent LOS
category of the roads and pedestrian
facilities inside the project site by
If there are sports or
widening and concrete paving of the
other events in the area,
roadways and sidewalks, in
there will be an Proponent, Operation Study No Cost to
Negative compliance with the standard Long term Medium Likely Medium
expected increase in DPWH Phase Area Project
dimensions and properties based to
vehicular traffic and
road and pedestrian facilities designs
pedestrian users
(2) Assign traffic personnel or
marshals to facilitate the movement
of vehicles in and out the site

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PERSONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH

16 Construction activities
(1) Fencing of construction area
and equipment may
(2) Access to the site by the public is Part of
cause accidents and Construction Project
Negative to be prohibited Contractor Short term High Likely Medium management
injuries to the public Phase Site
(3) Putting up safety and informative cost
pedestrians, passers-by,
signage in strategic locations
and residents nearby
17
(1) Contractor should prepare and
impose an on-site Health and Safety
guidelines, in compliance with the
requirements of OSH Standards
(2) Employees must always properly
Construction activities,
wear PPE's at all times
equipment, and poor
(3) Regular maintenance of
sanitation may cause
machineries and equipment Part of
accidents, injuries, and Construction Project Highly
Negative (4) Adequate sanitary facilities and Contractor Short term High High management
other health hazards to Phase Site Likely
standard cleanliness must be cost
the construction
provided and maintained
workers and other
(5) Food handlers should be
employees
controlled and monitored to
guarantee that food of construction
workers is hygienically prepared
(6) Provide a clinic or health facility
inside the project site
18 Possible transmission of
Periodic health examinations of Part of
communicable diseases Construction Study
Negative workers with treatment when Contractor Short term High Likely Medium management
from workers to local Phase Area
needed. cost
populations/vice-versa
19 Health problems may
occur to the (1) Hazardous waste should be
construction workers disposed properly and minimize its Part of
Construction Project
due to exposure to Negative contact with the workers Contractor Short term High Likely Medium management
Phase Site
chemical and biological (2) Provisions in RA 6969 must be cost
hazards in the strictly followed
construction site

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20 (1) Remove, disinfect, and regularly

clean possible breeding ground or
habitat (such as stagnant pool of
water) of pests and insects
(2) Maintain cleanliness and
Creation of temporary orderliness in the general project site
breeding habitats for (i.e. especially in areas where
Construction, Part of
pests, insects, and other construction workers and other Contractor, Study
Negative Operation Long term High Likely Low management
undesirable organisms employees stay and eat during Proponent Area
Phase cost
that may cause diseases construction phase)
and infestation (3) Avoid littering and impose good
disposal of solid wastes with
segregated trash bins
(4) Make sure that bins are properly
closed/sealed and are disposed
regularly
21 (1) Electrical equipment must be free
from recognized hazards that can
cause death or serious physical harm
to the employees
(2) Listed, labelled, or certified
equipment must be installed and
used in accordance with instructions
included in the listing, labelling, or
Electrical hazards that Construction, Part of
certification Contractor, Project
could cause explosions Negative Operation Short term High Likely Medium management
(3) In terms of fire preparation, Proponent Site
and fire Phase cost
organize an efficient Fire Exit and
Safety Plan
(4) Install fire-fighting equipment
such as fire extinguishers in
accessible and strategic points
(5) Impose to all the employees the
fire safety measures and encourage
the use of fire-proof materials
22 Due to construction of (1) Hire additional qualified workers
many facilities that may and/or train the already employed Contractor,
Construction,
cause increase in ones to provide excellent and Proponent, No Cost to
Negative Operation Long term Local Medium Likely Low
employment rate, comprehensive healthcare services CHK-STC, Project
Phase
demand for health and (2) Discount rates and free services UHS
other social services must be given to students and faculty

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would also increase members of the university

(3) Implement an efficient health-
impact-prevention, preventive-
health-oriented measures (i.e.
vaccination programs) and other
healthcare systems
23 Danger to the security (1) Employ security guards in every
of the students, faculty building or facility, and do a regular
members, and other duty watch every night around the Proponent, Operation Project No Cost to
Negative Long term High Likely Medium
employees inside the project site premises UP-DP Phase Site Project
premises of the (2) Place CCTV surveillance
buildings cameras in strategic locations

5.2.8. VISUAL ENVIRONMENT

Table 29. Impact Analysis and Mitigation Measures for Visual Environment
Responsible
Nature of Severity Degree of Estimated
Impacts Impact
Mitigation Measures Entity or Schedule Duration Extent Likelihood
Organization Scale confidence Cost
1 Possible visual Project
Incorporation of underground Part of
intrusions to the Proponent, Planning, Project
Negative utilities (electricity, water, sewer, Long term Low Likely Medium Management
natural scenic of the Project Team Construction site
etc.) in project planning Cost
area Phase
2 (1) Employ architectural features,
select construction material and
colours of paint for the facilities
exterior, and incorporate painting
Contrast between patterns, so as to enable the
natural landforms and proposed structures to Project
Part of
engineering features appropriately blend with the Proponent, Planning, Project
Negative Long term Low Likely Medium Management
and designs of the existing buildings and views of the Project Team Construction site
Cost
roadway and entire project area Phase
structures (2) Plan and implement an
appropriate landscaping program
(i.e. vegetative-screening) for the
entire project to promote
coherence in its design

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3 Abandoned temporary
The contractor must ensure that all Part of
construction facilities Construction Project
Negative temporary construction facilities Contractor Short term No effect Likely Medium Management
may cause eyesore to Phase Site
are completely dismantled Cost
the public
4 Light pollution if (1) Regulate use of lighting
facilities are use at facilities especially during night Contractor,
Construction, Part of
night that may cause (2) Incorporate to the design some Project Project Highly
Negative Operation Long term Low Low Management
disturbances to nearby light fixtures that have dimming Team, site likely
Phase Cost
buildings or residential capacity to control its brightness Proponent
areas and minimize it at night

5.3. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE IMPACTS

Significance of an impact must be evaluated in order to determine what particular impacts must be given importance or priority to be mitigated or prevented.
Using the methodology to quantify the risks and assess the significance of the foreseen impacts (as explained in Section 2.5.3), the result of the risk
quantification is presented in the following tables.

5.3.1. AIR ENVIRONMENT

Table 30. Significance of the Impacts for Air Environment
Impacts DUR LIK A EXT SEV B C SIG Description Classification
Emissions from:
Vehicles used for the delivery of the materials needed for
1 the construction (i.e. procurement of materials from long 1 3 4 4 4 8 1.00 32.00 Moderate Risk SIGNIFICANT
distances)
Construction machineries (i.e. cranes, excavators,
2 compactors, loaders, concrete mixers, etc.) and other 1 3 4 1 3 4 1.00 16.00 Acceptable Risk Not Significant
vehicles going in and out of the project site
3 Vehicles of the athletes and staff 3 3 6 2 3 5 1.00 30.00 Moderate Risk SIGNIFICANT
4 Vehicles of the arriving and visiting spectators 3 3 6 3 3 6 1.00 36.00 Moderate Risk SIGNIFICANT
Combustion of fuel during food preparation (i.e. cooking,
5 3 2 5 1 3 4 0.75 15.00 Acceptable Risk Not Significant
grilling, boiling, frying)
Methane from sewage (i.e. toilets of dormitories and other
6 3 2 5 1 3 4 0.75 15.00 Acceptable Risk Not Significant
buildings)

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Dust generation from:

Soil excavations and filling (i.e. for foundation, swimming
7 1 3 4 1 3 4 1.00 16.00 Acceptable Risk Not Significant
pool construction, etc.)
8 Construction materials (i.e. cement powder, sand, soil) 1 4 5 1 3 4 1.00 20.00 Acceptable Risk Not Significant
9 Demolition of structures and facilities 1 4 5 1 3 4 1.00 20.00 Acceptable Risk Not Significant
Fumes and/or smoke generation from:
Volatile construction materials (i.e. paint, thinner,
10 1 4 5 1 3 4 1.00 20.00 Acceptable Risk Not Significant
solvents, etc.)
Welding, cutting, and other related metal/steel activities
11 1 4 5 1 3 4 1.00 20.00 Acceptable Risk Not Significant
during construction
12 Swimming pool disinfecting chemicals (i.e. chlorine) 3 3 6 1 2 3 1.00 18.00 Acceptable Risk Not Significant
Air pollution from:
Smoking of construction workers and other employees
13 1 2 3 1 2 3 0.50 4.50 Trivial Risk Not Significant
during construction
Smoking of athletes, staff, and visiting spectators during
14 3 2 5 1 2 3 0.50 7.50 Trivial Risk Not Significant
operation
Others:
Decrease in the carbon sequestration due to clearing and
15 1 3 4 2 2 4 1.00 16.00 Acceptable Risk Not Significant
removing of trees and plants from the existing location
Increase in temperature due to covering and concreting of
16 1 3 4 2 3 5 1.00 20.00 Acceptable Risk Not Significant
grounds
Note: Please refer to Table 22 for the criteria of the analysis factor.

For the Air Environment the impacts that are quantify as significant risks are as follow:
 Vehicles used for the delivery of the materials needed for the construction (i.e. procurement of materials from long distances)
 Vehicles of the athletes and staff
 Vehicles of the arriving and visiting spectators

5.3.2. SURFACE WATER ENVIRONMENT

Table 31. Significance of the Impacts for Surface Water Environment
Impacts DUR LIK A EXT SEV B C SIG Description Classification
1 The construction site has changed the nature of surface
1 3 4 2 3 5 1.00 20.00 Acceptable Risk Not Significant
runoff in term of both quantity and quality

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2 Domestic water generated by construction site introduces

1 2 3 2 3 5 0.75 11.25 Acceptable Risk Not Significant
new stress to the existing condition of sewerage system
3 In context of climate change, new stress of flooding events
3 2 5 2 3 5 0.50 12.50 Acceptable Risk Not Significant
put the area under sensitive and vulnerable condition
4 Transformation of land cover make the area prone to flash
3 2 5 2 3 5 0.75 18.75 Acceptable Risk Not Significant
flood due to extreme rainfall
5 The excess and remain of herbicides and fertilizers pollute
1 1 2 1 2 3 0.25 1.50 Trivial Risk Not Significant
the surrounding water body
6 The amount of effluent and wastewater increases as the
1 2 3 1 3 4 0.75 9.00 Trivial Risk Not Significant
construction is taking place
7 The new construction plan will change the natural water
4 3 7 2 4 6 0.50 21.00 Acceptable Risk Not Significant
scheme and its pathway
8 Deteriorate the water quality by the present of sediment
1 2 3 2 4 6 1.00 18.00 Acceptable Risk Not Significant
and soil erosion coming from the construction field
9 Consumption of large amount of water due to Olympic
4 2 6 1 4 5 0.75 22.50 Acceptable Risk Not Significant
sized swimming pool structure
10 Some construction plans would change the function of
4 2 6 1 4 5 0.25 7.50 Trivial Risk Not Significant
particular water body
Note: Please refer to Table 23 for the criteria of the analysis factor.

For the Surface Water Environment, there are no impacts that are considered significant. Most of them are quantify as acceptable and trivial risks only.

5.3.3. SOIL AND GROUND WATER ENVIRONMENT

Table 32. Significance of the Impacts for Soil and Groundwater Environment
Impacts DUR LIK A EXT SEV B C SIG Description Classification
1 Construction projects might change permanently the
topology of the area and exacerbate the flooding condition in 4 2 6 1 4 5 1 30.00 Moderate Risk SIGNIFICANT
the area
2 Degradation of soil cover from erosion, removal, or loss of
4 2 6 1 4 5 0.75 22.50 Acceptable Risk Not Significant
soil structure due to road and infrastructure compaction
3 Infrastructure construction, particularly road construction
reduces the existing soil capacity to erosion and introduces 1 3 4 1 3 4 1 16.00 Acceptable Risk Not Significant
the new soil from borrow pit to operate the construction
4 Susceptibility to liquefaction of newly filled soil 1 2 3 1 3 4 0.75 9.00 Trivial Risk Not Significant

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5 Over extraction of groundwater as sources of additional

water for construction may cause groundwater depletion, salt
3 2 5 2 3 5 1 25.00 Acceptable Risk Not Significant
water intrusion, and land subsidence are the direct effects of
the
6 Leaking underground storage tank and the use of
construction machinery will contaminate the groundwater
3 1 4 1 3 4 0.25 4.00 Trivial Risk Not Significant
quality by the presence of oil, grease, and other polluted
substances
7 Construction projects would interfere the recharge and base
3 2 5 1 4 5 0.75 18.75 Acceptable Risk Not Significant
flow of groundwater system
8 Soil mechanics and soil structure are affected by the change
3 2 5 1 3 4 0.75 15.00 Acceptable Risk Not Significant
of land cover
Note: Please refer to Table 24 for the criteria of the analysis factor.

For the soil and groundwater environment, the only impact evaluated as significant is “Construction projects might change permanently the topology of the
area and exacerbate the flooding condition in the area.”

5.3.4. SOLID AND HAZARDOUSE WASTE GENERATION

Table 33. Significance of the Impacts for Solid and Hazardous Waste Generation
Impacts DUR LIK A EXT SEV B C SIG Description Classification
1 Generation of non-hazardous construction wastes (i.e. wood
1 3 4 3 2 5 1.00 20.00 Acceptable Risk Not Significant
chips, metal scraps, packaging materials)
2 Generation of solid wastes due to demolition of buildings
1 3 4 3 3 6 0.75 18.00 Acceptable Risk Not Significant
during abandonment phase
3 Generation of hazardous construction waste (i.e. asbestos
1 2 3 3 4 7 1.00 21.00 Acceptable Risk Not Significant
insulation, battery, lead)
4 Generation of solid wastes during routine operations
3 3 6 3 2 5 1.00 30.00 Moderate Risk SIGNIFICANT
(without major sports event)
5 Generation of solid waste during non-routine operations
3 4 7 3 3 6 1.00 42.00 Substantial Risk SIGNIFICANT
(with major sports event)
6 Recovery of reusable and recyclable materials due to
3 3 6 1 1 2 0.75 9.00 Trivial Risk Not Significant
generation of solid waste
Note: Please refer to Table 25 for the criteria of the analysis factor.

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For the Solid and Hazardous Waste Generation, the significant impacts are pertinent to the generation of solid wastes during routine and non-routine
operations, with or without major sports or other events.

5.3.5. NOISE ENVIRONMENT

Table 34. Significance of the Impacts for Noise Environment
Impacts DUR LIK A EXT SEV B C SIG Description Classification
Noise Generation from:
1 Construction equipment (i.e. jack hammer, steel grinders,
1 4 5 2 4 6 1.00 30.00 Moderate Risk SIGNIFICANT
electric saw)
2 The vehicles used in the delivery of the materials needed for
the construction (i.e. procurement of materials from long 1 3 4 4 2 6 1.00 24.00 Acceptable Risk Not Significant
distances)
3 Hauling equipment during the construction (i.e. pay loaders,
1 3 4 2 2 4 1.00 16.00 Acceptable Risk Not Significant
cranes, forklifts)
4 Workers during construction (i.e. voices, sound system,
1 3 4 1 2 3 1.00 12.00 Acceptable Risk Not Significant
gadgets)
5 Athletes and staff (i.e. voices, use of speakers, gadgets,
microphones, megaphones, sound systems, whistles, signal 3 3 6 2 3 5 1.00 30.00 Moderate Risk SIGNIFICANT
gun, etc.)
6 The visiting spectators during sports events (i.e. voices,
3 4 7 2 3 5 1.00 35.00 Moderate Risk SIGNIFICANT
sound systems, gadgets)
7 The vehicles of the athletes and staff 3 3 6 1 2 3 1.00 18.00 Acceptable Risk Not Significant
8 The vehicles of the arriving and visiting spectators 3 3 6 1 3 4 1.00 24.00 Acceptable Risk Not Significant
9 Demolition of buildings during abandonment phase 1 3 4 1 2 3 1.00 12.00 Acceptable Risk Not Significant
Note: Please refer to Table 26 for the criteria of the analysis factor.

The significant impacts for the Noise Environment are those impacts related to the emission from the following sources:
 Construction equipment (i.e. jack hammer, steel grinders, electric saw) during the construction phase
 Athletes and staff (i.e. voices, use of speakers, gadgets, microphones, megaphones, sound systems, whistles, signal gun, etc.) during the operation phase
 The visiting spectators during sports events (i.e. voices, sound systems, gadgets), also during the operation phase
 Demolition of buildings during abandonment phase

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5.3.6. BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT

Table 35. Significance of the Impacts for Biological Environment
Impacts DUR LIK A EXT SEV B C SIG Description Classification
1 Removal and damages to surface vegetation and loss of
green areas including cutting of trees may lead to flooding 4 2 6 1 4 5 0.75 22.50 Acceptable Risk Not Significant
and loss CO2 sequestration
2 Construction of sports fields (i.e. softball and baseball
fields) that may reduce biodiversity due to replacement of 4 2 6 1 4 5 1.00 30.00 Moderate Risk SIGNIFICANT
natural vegetation with grass
3 Disturbed soil surface may lead to soil erosion 3 2 5 2 3 5 1.00 25.00 Acceptable Risk Not Significant
4 Loss or degradation of vegetation from unnecessary
3 2 5 1 4 5 0.75 18.75 Acceptable Risk Not Significant
removal or mechanical damage
5 Introduction of invasive new species of plants in the area
causes loss of ecosystem resilience since it competes with 3 2 5 2 3 5 0.75 18.75 Acceptable Risk Not Significant
the natural plants and suppress their growth
6 Reduction in number of fauna including those rare and
4 4 8 2 4 6 1.00 48.00 Substantial Risk SIGNIFICANT
endangered animals, due to displacement of natural habitat.
7 Aquatic ecosystem may be damaged due to soil disturbance
3 2 5 2 3 5 1.00 25.00 Acceptable Risk Not Significant
during construction
8 Increase road strikes of birds and wildlife (especially slow-
4 2 6 2 3 5 0.75 22.50 Acceptable Risk Not Significant
moving organisms such as frogs)
9 Interruption in ecosystem, especially if roads and structures
are built in sensitive areas (such as streams, wetlands or 4 2 6 2 3 5 1.00 30.00 Moderate Risk SIGNIFICANT
along coastal strips)
10 Ecosystem degradation by creating barrier between
4 2 6 2 4 6 1.00 36.00 Moderate Risk SIGNIFICANT
ecosystems
11 Degradation of habitats caused by fragmentation 4 2 6 2 4 6 1.00 36.00 Moderate Risk SIGNIFICANT
12 Increased impact in plants and animals species due to
4 4 8 2 4 6 1.00 48.00 Substantial Risk SIGNIFICANT
expected increased human activity in area
Note: Please refer to Table 27 for the criteria of the analysis factor.

The following are the significant impacts for the Biological Environment:
 Construction of sports fields (i.e. softball, baseball) that may reduce biodiversity due to replacement of natural vegetation with grass
 Reduction in number of fauna including those rare and endangered animals, due to displacement of natural habitat.
 Interruption in ecosystem, especially if roads and structures are built in sensitive areas (such as streams, wetlands or along coastal strips)

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 Ecosystem degradation by creating barrier between ecosystems

 Degradation of habitats caused by fragmentation
 Increased impact in plants and animals species due to expected increased human activity in area

5.3.7. SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT

Table 36. Significance of the Impacts for Socio-Economic Environment
Impacts DUR LIK A EXT SEV B C SIG Description Classification
POPULATION AND EMPLOYMENT
1 Improved standard of living by increasing employment rate
Moderate
a) Temporary employment for construction workers 1 4 5 3 3 6 1.00 30.00 SIGNIFICANT
(Positive) Risk
b) New jobs for administration, maintenance, security, and Substantial
3 4 7 3 4 7 1.00 49.00 SIGNIFICANT
other staff positions for the new structures and facilities (Positive) Risk
2 Increase of demand for housing and utilities of outside
1 3 4 1 2 3 0.75 9.00 Trivial Risk Not Significant
construction crew
3 Due to the presence of large numbers of workers,
1 1 2 2 2 4 0.75 6.00 Trivial Risk Not Significant
alcoholism and violence may increase in the project area
UTILITIES
4 Increase demand for water consumption
a) for construction usage and personal necessities of
1 4 5 3 2 5 1.00 25.00 Acceptable Risk Not Significant
workers
b) for cleaning and maintenance purposes of all the
facilities, as well as for toilets and kitchen facilities in the 3 4 7 3 2 5 1.00 35.00 Moderate Risk SIGNIFICANT
athletes‟ dormitory and restrooms in all the buildings
5 Increase demand for power consumption
a) Electricity needed for the construction 1 4 5 3 2 5 1.00 25.00 Acceptable Risk Not Significant
b) Power supply needed for the operation of the sports
3 4 7 3 2 5 1.00 35.00 Moderate Risk SIGNIFICANT
complex
LAND USE
6 Reduction in public open space` 3 2 5 2 2 4 0.75 15.00 Acceptable Risk Not Significant
EDUCATION
7 Additional sports and learning facilities and venues for the Substantial
3 4 7 3 4 7 1.00 49.00 SIGNIFICANT
students and faculty members (Positive) Risk

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ECONOMICS
8 Acceptable
Increase business activities or opportunities 3 2 5 3 3 6 0.75 22.50 Not Significant
(Positive) Risk
9 Increase in tourism and recreational potential in the project Acceptable
3 2 5 3 3 6 0.75 22.50 Not Significant
site (Positive) Risk
10 Acceptable
Increase in university and/or college revenues 3 2 5 3 3 6 0.75 22.50 Not Significant
(Positive) Risk
TRAFFIC AND TRANSPORTATION
11 Traffic congestion in the access road caused by certain
construction activities and by the trucks that are hauling or 1 2 3 2 2 4 0.75 9.00 Trivial Risk Not Significant
delivering construction materials
12 Obstructions in roads and highway corridor that may result
to increase travel time of vehicles and traffic congestion, as
1 2 3 1 2 3 0.75 6.75 Trivial Risk Not Significant
well as impairment of non-motored transportation, due to
reduced or impeded rights-of-way
13 Use of heavy machineries may cause ground vibration and
1 2 3 4 2 6 0.75 13.50 Acceptable Risk Not Significant
deterioration of the access roads
14 When construction interferes with access roads, it may
cause hazardous driving conditions such as falling of
1 2 3 1 4 5 0.75 11.25 Acceptable Risk Not Significant
construction debris, risk of fire, and other possible
accidents
15 If there are sports or other events in the area, there will be
an expected increase in vehicular traffic and pedestrian 3 2 5 2 3 5 0.75 18.75 Acceptable Risk Not Significant
users
PERSONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
16 Construction activities and equipment may cause accidents
and injuries to the public such as pedestrians, passers-by, 1 2 3 1 4 5 0.75 11.25 Acceptable Risk Not Significant
and residents near the construction site
17 Construction activities and equipment may cause accidents
and injuries to the construction workers and other 1 3 4 1 4 5 1.00 20.00 Acceptable Risk Not Significant
employees.
18 Possible transmission of communicable diseases from
1 2 3 2 4 6 0.75 13.50 Acceptable Risk Not Significant
workers to local populations and vice-versa
19 Health problems may occur to the construction workers due
to exposure to chemical and biological hazards in the 1 2 3 1 4 5 0.75 11.25 Acceptable Risk Not Significant
construction site.

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20 Creation of temporary breeding habitats for pests, insects,

and other undesirable organisms that may cause diseases 3 2 5 2 4 6 0.50 15.00 Acceptable Risk Not Significant
and infestation
21 Electrical hazards that could cause explosions and fire 1 2 3 1 4 5 0.75 11.25 Acceptable Risk Not Significant
22 Due to construction of many facilities that may cause
increase in employment rate, demand for health and other 3 2 5 3 3 6 0.50 15.00 Acceptable Risk Not Significant
social services would also increase
23 Danger to the security of the students, faculty members,
3 2 5 1 4 5 0.75 18.75 Acceptable Risk Not Significant
and other employees inside the premises of the buildings
Note: Please refer to Table 28 for the criteria of the analysis factor.

For the Socio-Economic Environment, the following are the significant impacts:
 Improved standard of living by increasing employment rate during construction and operation phase
 Additional sports and learning facilities and venues for the students and faculty members
 Increase demand for water and power consumption during operation phase of the project

5.3.8. VISUAL ENVIRONMENT

Table 37. Significance of the Impacts for Visual Environment
Impacts DUR LIK A EXT SEV B C SIG Description Classification
1 Possible visual intrusions of the transmission lines, poles,
3 2 5 1 2 3 0.75 11.25 Acceptable Risk Not Significant
pipes, etc. to the natural scenic of the area
2 Contrast between natural landforms and engineering
3 2 5 1 2 3 0.75 11.25 Acceptable Risk Not Significant
features and designs of the roadway and structures
3 Abandoned temporary construction facilities may cause
1 2 3 1 2 3 0.75 6.75 Trivial Risk Not Significant
eyesore to the public
4 Light pollution if facilities are use at night that may cause
3 3 6 1 2 3 0.50 9.00 Trivial Risk Not Significant
disturbances to nearby buildings or residential areas
Note: Please refer to Table 28 for the criteria of the analysis factor.

Impacts related to the Visual Environment are evaluated as not significant impacts with acceptable and trivial risk only.

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ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

This Environmental Management Plan (EMP) presents various approaches that will address the
presumed positive and adverse impacts of the proposed project during its lifetime — from the pre-
planning and design stage, to project construction, to its operation period, until its abandonment
phase. It also includes a narrative of the impact assessment as shown in Section 5.2, as well as plans
on how to execute the provided mitigation and enhancement measures. Furthermore, the assessors
ensure that this comprehensive plan will be a guiding instrument to maintain and improve the balance
between economics and environment. This EMP will serve as the project‘s environmental policy
during the entire project duration.

6.1. IMPACT MANAGEMENT PLAN

6.1.1. AIR ENVIRONMENT

Impacts on air environment basically include emission and generation of particulate matters, dusts,
fumes, smokes and other pollutants in the atmosphere. These pollutants negatively affect the well-
being of people predominantly through inhalation. Many studies associate atmospheric pollutants to
cause various types of diseases of the body systems namely the respiratory, immunological,
cardiovascular, haematological, reproductive and neurological systems (Curtis et al., 2006).
Specifically, these pollutants sensitize, exacerbate, and the more so, damage the respiratory airways
and organs. Once reaching the lungs, the pollutants go in the stream of blood. This causes the
accumulation and mutilation of various body parts. Other routes of pollutant-body contact are the
exposure of skin and ingestion of adulterated food and drinks. The effects of pollutants on health vary
based on the length of exposure and nature of the pollutants. Age, current health condition, and
lifestyle of persons also cause influence. Hence the severity of the effects of pollutants ranges from
negligible or slight irritation to extreme cases of untimely death (Elsom, 1995).

Among the significant impacts are the emissions from vehicles used for the delivery of materials
needed for the construction (i.e. procurement of materials from long distances), and the emissions
from the vehicles of staff, athletes and visiting spectators. Based from studies, emissions from traffic
and vehicles are considered to have a foremost input of particulate matter in metropolitan areas
(Wahlin, Palmgren and Dingenen, 2001). Fine particles are generated chiefly from the combustion of
vehicle exhausts (Vallius et al., 2000). Meanwhile other possible emissions are generated from the
construction machineries, combustion of fuel during food, and methane from sewage. Dust
generation is also one of the most common risks identified. Likely sources are the excavations and
filling of soil during construction, powdered construction materials (i.e. cement powder, sand, soil),

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and the demolition of structures during the abandonment phase. As per study, the construction phase
is possible to cause local problems concerning wind-blown dust (Elsom, 1995). Smokes and fumes
are also probable to be produced from volatile construction materials (i.e. paint, thinner, solvents),
welding, cutting, and other related metal/steel activities during construction, and swimming pool
disinfecting chemicals (i.e. chlorine).

Other negative impacts comprise of the decrease in carbon sequestration and increase in temperature.
These impacts cause direct effect in the quality of the air environment. Greenhouse gases such as
methane (CH4), carbon dioxide (CO2), and nitrous oxide (N2O) serves as absorbents of outbound
infrared radiation. This causes global warming. Vegetation such as trees, shrubs, and grasses capture
greenhouse gases particularly carbon dioxide and converts this to oxygen in the process of
photosynthesis. Hence, mere removal of inconsequential vegetation would have bad effect in the
reduction of greenhouse gases. Furthermore, deforestation is considered as one of the major causes of
anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gas (Nabuurs et al., 2007). Meanwhile, identified impacts
with an indirect effect to the environment are the consumption of electricity for the construction and
operation of the sports complex. Consumption of electricity requires generation of power and
generation of power necessitate combustion of fuels.

Mitigation measures for air environment focuses on the implementation of action plans against the
emission of various air pollutants. For the emissions of particulate matters from vehicles, mitigation
measures include substitution, engineering controls, and procedural approach.

For the substitution, the use of cleaner fuels is proposed. Nowadays, utilization of these fuels is the
inclination of most industries and projects. One of the options for clean fuels comprise of biogas as
fuel for vehicles and fuels for food preparation. It consists of 50-60% methane, 34-38% carbon
dioxide, 0-5% nitrogen, and 0-1% oxygen (Naskeo Environment, 2009). The use of biogas represents
for 5.44 million tons of carbon dioxide reduction in electricity generation and 1.01-1.24 million tons
of carbon dioxide reduction in heat production (FNR, 2009). Other form of substitution is the use of
light coloured concretes. This type of concrete absorbs less solar heat than asphalt.

Engineering controls as part of the mitigation plan incorporates the installation of biogas digester,
provision of washing bays for cleaning trucks‘ tires, immediate vegetation of the site project and
setting up of ventilation and exhaust fan (through local extraction technology) for welding and related
activities. As mentioned above, biogas has a significant value in terms of providing energy. Hence
mere collection of these gases from the natural process of anaerobic decomposition of sewage sludge
will address both emission of greenhouse gas and intermittent sources of clean fuel. Washing bays

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remove mud and dirt from the vehicles‘ tires before leaving the project site. This will prevent
carrying of dirt in areas where the vehicles will travel. Local extraction technology averts the further
dispersion combustion gases

Bulk of actions needed for mitigating impacts are procedural in approach. These are the full
implementation of air quality related laws and regulations particularly the anti-smoke belching laws,
the regular preventive maintenance of construction machineries, improvement in traffic management
systems, training of personnel, proper of storage of chemicals, and other rules and regulations to be
followed by contractors, staff and athletes.

6.1.2. SURFACE WATER ENVIRONMENT

The construction site will change the nature of surface water runoff in terms of both quantity and
quality. The transformation of land cover introduces sediment and soil erosion. These particles reduce
the quality of water. Moreover, the construction of built-up area will increase the surface runoff of
water. Generally speaking, built-up area has higher runoff coefficient. In this context, flash flood put
sensitive area under vulnerable condition during extreme rainfall event. During construction phase,
extraction of ground water resources may cause water depletion and salt water intrusion in the area.
This occurrence may also affect the area‘s flooding conditions. Though according to the
environmental baseline conditions, the area is highly elevated and impervious to liquefaction,
flooding may still occur due to variability of rainfall brought by climate change and unmanaged
paving and cementing of surfaces. To mitigate such occurrences there should be a control in the
removal of existing vegetation. Institute a storm water management plan including strategies such as:
(1) minimizing impervious area, (2) increasing infiltration to soil by use of recharge areas, and (3)
adapting natural vegetated swales instead of pipes or installing detention or retention facilities with
graduated outlet control structures. The use of ‗soft engineering‘ techniques for soil and bank
stabilization such as vegetative stabilization (i.e. soil bio-engineering), in preference to build
structures is also essential. During the extraction of ground water, only the legal water sources are to
be tapped to minimize the effects on the ground water.

The construction also poses a threat to the already strained local water supply and sewerage system. In
addition, the proposed swimming pool will require a tremendous amount of water, thus increase in
water consumption. Improper management of water flow from the pool over time could result in
further adverse impacts. To prevent causing water pollution, there must be in-charged in monitoring
the water quantity and quality. Sewerage and drainage system facilities have to be improved in order
to response to the new stress of domestic wastewater generated by the project.

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Furthermore, the campus is surrounded by several streams, such as the one near the UP Lagoon,
traversing the University Avenue, going to Philcoa. During the whole construction, sediments from
the project site may run-off down to the streams. Accumulation of sediments may increase
contamination in water. This should be avoided by protecting the streams to possible occurrences of
erosion, and by placing temporary septic tanks in the site. Susceptible surfaces must be protected from
accumulation of sediments with mulch or fabric and plant non-erodible surfaces as soon as possible.
Whereas, use of sedimentation pits could also be used to minimize sedimentation built up from
incoming water from construction and surface run-off.

In addition, many substances that may contaminate the water, including rainwater, through streams
and drainages should be collected and treated first before discharging to the drainage system. Thus, an
efficient drainage system should be included in the design in order to manage possible accumulation
of sediments, as well as floods.

Lastly, coordination with water utilities provider (i.e. MWSS) should be done to minimize the effect
of these impacts to the water lines during the construction stage. Water to be used during construction
should only be from valid sources or concessionaires.

6.1.3. SOIL AND GROUNDWATER ENVIRONMENT

Construction has changed and disturbed the existing soil condition in the project area. The soil
structure changes as the project is on progress. The removal of existing soil and the filling up of new
soil interfere the environmental setting of soil. The clearing and removal of vegetation, digging of
structure foundations, and earthworks during the construction may expose soils to weathering agents
such as wind and rain. These activities could result in localized erosion. Furthermore, the stockpiled
soils during construction could become vulnerable to erosion. There must be a planned restoration of
green infrastructure to mitigate the disturbed soil surfaces. Non-essential removal of vegetation should
be avoided. Both temporary and permanent erosion control plans are necessary. Temporary erosion
control plans that includes silt fencing and trap basin, short term seeding or mulching of exposed soil
areas (particularly on slopes), and limit access of heavy machinery and storage of materials to avoid
soil compaction will be essential in construction stage. Also, resurface or pave open areas after the
completion of the project and provide a permanent erosion control plans that should focus on the
establishments of stable native vegetation communities and should ensure that the topsoil in the
construction areas are stripped and stored for future use and not illegally removed from the site.

The surface geology of the project area is comprised of saturated soil deposits and soil type (where
soil profile is mostly sand) which may susceptible to liquefaction. By building foundation elements as

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liquefaction resistant structures and improving the soil compositions such as strength, density and/or
drainage characteristics might help the site‘s risks to liquefaction.

Surface and ground water may be contaminated with fuels, cement, oils and other liquid waste. A
potential impact on water quality may also arise from the risk of soil erosion and poor management
during the construction phase. Any contamination with surface may affect watercourses and aquatic
ecology of the system. To mitigate these situations, all lubricants should be collected and recycled,
there should be no water abstraction for construction from streams, there should be no construction
camps and mixing of concrete within 50 meters of drainage line and standing water source, there
should be an appropriate containment provided for different materials such as appropriate fuel
storages and other materials could be a source of contamination, there should be no construction
activities to occur in any wetlands and most important of all, a good environmental management
should be practiced to avoid any spillages and other accidents.

Increase in hard standing areas such as the construction of the sports complex in UP Diliman might
result in an increase in the volumes of storm or rain water, which may lead to localized flooding.
There will be a permanent change in topography or terrain, disfiguration of landscape and an increase
in flood potential conditions in the area due to diggings and other construction works for the laying of
foundation and pillars. Providing on-site measures to attenuate peak flood discharge will be of great
advantage. This could be achieved through on-site water detention, storm water infiltration systems,
landscaping, or combination of these approaches. The construction should also be within 30 meters to
drainage lines to prevent affecting the drainage systems. It is advisable to replant disfigured surfaces
and prevent unplanned construction and unauthorized uses of land areas.

6.1.4. SOLID & HAZARDOUS WASTE

Impacts that were identified related to this aspect consist of the generation and management of solid
and hazardous wastes during the construction, operation and abandonment phase. Non-hazardous
wastes are generated during the routine and non-routine operations as well as during the construction
period. Most amounts of the hazardous wastes will be produced mainly during the construction and
abandonment stage.

Generation of solid waste, hazardous, and non-hazardous has negative effects both in the environment
and health of the people. The risks associated with non-hazardous solid wastes comprise but not
limited to the clogging of waterways leading to floods, cause mortality among animals (i.e. plastic
ingestion of birds and fishes), degrades the quality of both water and soil, responsible for
eutrophication of rivers and sea, and generates methane gas when decomposed. It can also set off

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generation of bad odour and diseases due to proliferation of pests and microbes. On the other hand,
hazardous wastes cause increase of heavy metal concentrations in air, water and soil (Akinbode, n.d.).
This incorporates increase in mercury level in fish, contaminating ground water pollution and
bioaccumulation of heavy metals in crops by leaching through soil, and the contamination of air due
to refrigerants and volatile construction materials.

However, generation of solid waste particularly the non-hazardous ones has positive impacts.
Generation of solid waste can lead to the recovery of reusable and recyclable materials due to
generation of solid waste (i.e. PET bottles, plastics, paper). Biodegradable waste on the other hand
can generate biogas and can serve as organic fertilizers.

For the mitigation measures, incorporate implementation of laws and regulations related to solid and
hazardous waste management, waste segregation and awareness campaigns. Among the laws and
regulations associated with solid waste is the RA 9003 or the ―Ecological Solid Waste Management
Act of 2000‖. Meanwhile, RA 6969 or the ―Toxic Substances and Hazardous and Nuclear Wastes
Control Act of 1990‖ focuses on the handling, storage, and disposal of hazardous materials. Waste
segregation involves the sorting of wastes. Wastes are classified if biodegradable or non-
biodegradable. Non-biodegradable wastes are further separated per type of material – paper and
cardboard, glass, plastics, textiles, scrap metal, and others. In this regard, cooperation of personnel,
staff and athletes is highly required. Awareness campaign and information dissemination will be
considered. This is significant to convey the significance of abiding to this waste management
practice as well as to make people aware of the technicalities in waste segregation (i.e. how to sort
and classify materials). Adequate waste bins with clear labels will also be provided and a Materials
Recovery Facility will be installed.

6.1.5. NOISE ENVIRONMENT

The identified sources of noise are construction equipment, vehicles, and people. These are
contributed during the construction and operation stages of the project. The effect of noise to the
health of an individual varies from nuisance to adverse. The adverse effect is described as temporary,
long-term, or permanent alteration of an organism‘s physiology (Berglund and Lindvall, 1995).
Hearing impairment is considered as the apparent effect of noise. Noise with 70 dB within a 24 hour
period is not associated to hearing loss. However when combined with vibration, some special drugs
and chemicals, this sound level can direct to permanent impairment (Berglund and Lindvall, 1995).
In addition, sleep disturbance is possibly the most common of the health effects related to noise (King
and Davis, 2002). Studies recommend that noise level during night-time must be kept below 30 dB
and must not exceed 45 dB (Berglund and Lindvall, 1995).

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A significant source of noise is the construction and demolition equipment. Other identified sources of
noise are vehicles of suppliers, contractors, staff, athletes, and visitors. Based on research, road traffic
causes approximately half of the noise in the urban regions. This causes conflict of interest in terms of
economic growth and quality of life (Calvo et al., 2012).

Lastly, the contribution of people to noise generation is also considerable. According to Canadian
Centre for Occupational Health and Safety (2006), a plain conversation (at 3 feet) generates 60 dB of
sound. Assuming that this is generated by two persons, the sound level produced by 128 people
would equal to 78 dB; by 1,024 people would be 87 dB; and by 16,384 people would be 99 dB. Other
noises associated to people are the use of personal gadgets, tools, and sound systems.

Mitigation of noise can have several ways. Possible ways consist of modification of equipment to
produce less noise, locating sources of noise in greater distances, insulating of noise, use of noise
screens, and the control of noise at the receiver‘s end (Therivel, 1995). In this study, part of
modification of equipment is the preventive maintenance of construction equipment. Equipment that
is properly maintained is quieter than poorly maintained ones. Suppliers and contractors are also
required to have their delivery trucks to install applicable noise reducing device (i.e. enclosure,
silencer) and to conduct their own regular preventive maintenance. Engines of vehicles being utilized
in the project is compelled to have working mufflers.

Insulating and screening out of noise are done by installing noise barriers especially around sensitive
areas and planting trees around the sources of sounds. Research shows that tree belts can weaken a
number of frequency bands (Martinez-Sala et al., 2005). Basically the capability of vegetation to
attenuate noise levels is exhibited in three ways. First, plant components like leaves, branches, twigs
and trunks can scatter and reflect sounds (Lyon, 1977). Secondly, vegetation can absorb energy from
sound and convert it to heat. This can be shown in the sudden mechanical shuddering of plant
components due to sound waves (Embleton, 1963). The last mechanism is due to the fact that sound
levels can be moderated by the presence of other interference sound waves. Soil can cause destructive
interference involving the direct contribution of sound from the source to the receiver and the
contribution due to ground reflection. The presence of vegetation causes soil to be more porous and
thus minimizing sound levels (Van Renterghem, Botteldooren and Verheyen, 2012).

In addition, an effective way of minimizing noise is to install purpose-built barriers around the
construction site or if possible, to the location of the equipment or machineries or that produce high
noise levels. These barriers can be constructed on the onsite from common construction material such

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as plywood, block, stacks, or spoils. The barriers can also be constructed from panels commercially
available which are layered with sound absorbing material to achieve maximum shielding effect
possible. For more efficiency, the length of the barrier should be greater than its height and ensure that
the source of noise should not be visible and the barrier should be located as close as possible to either
the source (i.e. equipment or machinery) or the receiver (i.e. nearby residential areas).

In controlling noise at the receiver‘s end, several action plans were taken into account. This include
the scheduling and limiting of loud activities to day time only (specifically between 6AM to 6PM)
and at nearby settlements and institutions. During the construction period, adequate orientation will
be done to discourage construction workers to generate unnecessary noise i.e. shouting or making
disturbing noise especially in places near residential areas and academic classrooms. In cases of the
activities and situations generation of noise cannot be avoided, fences and warning signs will be
temporarily be installed. This will also prescribe personnel to wear appropriate personal protective
equipment (PPE) if necessary. Since traffic is one of the major sources of noise, implementation of
efficient Traffic Management Plan within the project area will be established and implemented. This
has the objective of ensuring smooth flow of traffic because this generates less sound compared to
stop-and-start flow.

6.1.6. BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT

[Link]. TERRESTRIAL RESOURCES

The project site is proposed in an area covered with variety of plants and animals. The summary the
various species are presented in the environmental baseline conditions of the report. The project is
expected to affect the existing biological environment in the area. The following sections present the
adverse impacts and their proposed mitigation measures.

FLORA DIVERSITY
In the project vicinity, there are various species of trees, shrubs, herbs, ferns, and many more.
Considering all of the listed plant species, it is expected that the construction might cause serious
impacts on natural vegetation. In addition, gardens that will be planted in the development may
contain alien and invasive species that will displace natural species and may cause loss of ecosystem
resilience. Removal of surface vegetation, such as grasses and shrubs due to construction of sports
fields, may also lead to flooding and less carbon dioxide (CO2) sequestration. In addition, it may lead
to the destruction of habitat of different species in the area and may therefore have reduction in the
number of fauna including those rare species. To alleviate these impacts, all trees and grasses not
affecting the site should not be removed, or if removed, should be replanted. There should be

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monitoring in order to prevent and control introduction of invasive species that may compete with the
growth of natural plants. Disturbed soil surface may lead to soil erosion hence restoration of green
infrastructure such as the removed plants, trees, and other soil surfaces should be included in the
project design.

FAUNA DIVERSITY
Terrestrial fauna is present in the area covered by the project. This includes residential and migratory
birds, domesticated animals, insects, and herpes, such as snakes and frogs. These animal species will
be affected by the construction of the project due to the fact that their habitat will be removed from
the area causing reduction in their number. There will be a habitat fragmentation due to the area
clearing that will be used for sports activities. It affects biodiversity since there will be a reduction of
available habitat so mobile animals such as birds and reptiles retreat into remnant patches of habitat.
The remaining habitat fragments will be smaller than the original habitat that can lead to crowding
effects and increased competition among species. In addition, these species could also be affected due
to the increase in traffic, activity, noise and general disturbance from people. To mitigate the problem,
domesticated animals should be returned to their respective owners, and found animals with destroyed
habitat should be properly relocated. There should also have monitoring for the birds and wild life
activities in the area to perform control measures for their possible strikes. Collision warning systems
could be set up as sign of warnings. The electric perimeter fence could also be assembled to isolate
the small mammal and reptile populations on the property from surrounding populations. The electric
fence around the development likely will electrocute species that venture too near to it. Further, the
electrical perimeter fence will restrict movement and migration of many mammal, bird and reptile
species.

In effect, the construction of the project will produce great impact to both flora and fauna. There will
be interruption and degradation in the ecosystem especially because it will create a barrier between
ecosystems. To mitigate such situations, there should be a proper project design in appropriate
allocation of the project such as realignment procedure and installation of bridges for the affected
streams. An improved design structure intended to allow wild life species to move across the areas
could be preferred. Lastly, it is expected to assemble huge amount of people in the activity area, so
this will cause increased impacts in flora and fauna. To improve the situation, implementation of
waste management through corrective disposal, recycling and handling is essential.

[Link]. AQUATIC RESOURCES

Aquatic resources are limited to the streams affected by the construction of the project. These areas
should be considered as areas of special conservation value. There are aquatic flora and fauna present

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in the area. Disturbance of surface soil may cause soil erosion that may even affect damages in the
aquatic ecosystem if not protected. Temporary fencing should be constructed in the area to avoid
stream damages and this should be included in the project design. Another mitigation measure is to
design engineered riparian zones for soil stabilization or restoration. These zones are important
natural bio-filters in protecting aquatic environments from excessive sedimentation, polluted surface
runoff, and erosion. Biological restoration can take place through erosion control and re-vegetation.

6.1.7. SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT

[Link]. POPULATION AND EMPLOYMENT

The proposed project will imposed improvement to the standard of living by increasing employment
rate. The project will provide temporary occupation for construction workers and once it is finished
there will be new job opportunities. But still, there are things to consider such as the following: (1) the
contractor and proponent must hire personnel with required qualifications or pertinent training on the
manner of the construction or office works where they will be employed, (2) adequate salaries shall be
given to the employees, and (3) prioritize hiring qualified workers within the adjacent residential
areas. Beside from the positive impacts, there are also certain disadvantages caused by the
construction project. One of these is due to the large numbers of workers during construction,
possibilities of alcoholism and violence (such as public brawls, thefts, and other crimes) might occur.
This may be prevented by employing good and efficient management rules regarding 'Peace & Order'
and discourage the practice of misbehaviour by imposing penalty or judicial consequences to those
who would disobey. Another negative impact is the option that the project might also need to import
from other areas its construction workers. This might result to a demand for housing and utilities such
as water supply, toilets, and other personal necessities of the workers. This situation can be prevented
by prioritizing to employ local people from nearby residences in order to reduce outside workers who
would immigrate and demand additional provisions.

[Link]. UTILITIES
Due to an expected large scale construction and covered area of the proposed project, there will be an
increase in demand for both water and power consumption during construction and operation phase of
the project. During construction, there will be a large demand of water supply brought by several
construction activities such as concrete mixing, cleaning of machineries and equipment, and others. In
addition, water supply is also needed for the personal necessities of the construction workers. During
the operation phase, there will also be an increase in water demand for cleaning and maintenance
purposes of all the facilities, as well as for toilets and kitchen facilities in the athletes‘ dormitory and
restrooms in all the buildings. To mitigate these, the project team must design an efficient water pipe

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and distribution system and ensure minimal loss of water supply. Also, avoid unnecessary usage (i.e.
turning off the faucet when not in use) and regularly check for pipe leaks in order to save water. They
could also install water conserving taps that turn-off automatically when water is not in use. They may
also incorporate green innovations such as roof catchment features with rainwater harvesting to
collect and store water run-offs. Water purification system could also be integrated in the designs to
clean the water that will be discarded from the swimming pool or the collected run-off. Through these
advancements, the purified water could still be utilized in providing clean water to drink (if the system
meets the standards of potable water quality), flushing toilets, watering the plants, cleaning purposes,
and many more.

Whereas for power consumption, during construction phase, there will also be an increased demand in
electricity due to the use of several construction equipment such as electrical drills and bores, welding
and bending machines, lightings, pumping systems, and many more. While during operation phase,
electricity is needed for all the electrical appliances in the facilities such as generators, air
conditions/ventilators, appliance usage, personal gadgets usage, water supply pumping system, and
many more. To lessen the consumption of power supply, avoid unnecessary usage in order to save
electricity such as switching off lights and other electrical appliances or equipment when not in use.
Another solution is to incorporate the use and installation of energy-efficient technologies that require
lesser amount of watts to work such as LED lighting bulbs and Compact Fluorescent Lights (CFLs).
They could also integrate green innovations such as motion detection lighting or programmable
thermostats which reduce the establishment's energy consumption. Additionally, they could include in
the designs the use of natural lighting, a good way to save energy and many studies show that this
could increase the productivity levels of workers.

[Link]. LAND USE

The current landscaping of the project site offers a lot of open spaces for the public who usually visit
and enjoy the place. One common spot is the side along the UP Track and Field Oval, near F.
Balagtas Street, where many people especially couples and several group of friends visit the place
since it is a good space to hang-out and provide a picturesque view of the sports oval. Other spots are
the several scenic trees, plants, and flowers all over the area that provides pleasant opportunities to
appreciate and connect with nature. Once construction will begin, most of these places will be
remove. There will be reduction in public open space. In order to mitigate this, the proponent and
project team must review the site development plan. The project design must provide additional
venues where the public could stay, stroll, or park. They could also minimize the alteration of the
public open spaces and/or maintain the area and just improve them by enhancing the landscaping and
providing additional features which the public could enjoy.

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[Link]. EDUCATION
One of the best positive impacts of the proposed project is the additional sports, recreation, and
learning facilities that the students, faculty members, and other employees of the university could use
and enjoy such as the new baseball and softball fields, outdoor basketball and tennis courts, an
Olympic-size swimming pool, sports arena, and a covered tennis court. Other amenities also include
dormitories for the athletes and a wide parking area to accommodate large number of future visitors.
The project would also improve the existing facilities in the project site such as the gymnasium and
the track and field oval.

[Link]. ECONOMICS
The operation will create new commercial businesses and the existing ones will experience growth.
Probable income generation activities that could arise in the area are food stalls, renting of the
facilities, ticket sale for future sports and other events, and many more. Also, various events that will
be held in the area would increase tourism of the sports complex that would result to more consumers
and more possible economic opportunities. These developments will result to generation of more jobs.
Furthermore, the revenues would also profit the university and the college itself. Putting aside these
positive impacts, there are things that must be considered to protect the local interest. First, financial
incomes must be allocated for future development projects of the college or the university. Prioritize
the local residents in providing and reserving business spaces or opportunities in the area. In addition,
discount rates should also be given to students and faculty members of the university who would like
to rent or use the facilities.

[Link]. TRAFFIC AND TRANSPORTATION

The project covers a wide vast of area and it is situated near major roadway (i.e. Commonwealth
Avenue) and a gate entrance going in and out of the university through Ylanan Street. It is also
adjacent to F. Balagtas Street which is just nearby the barangay residential jurisdiction of Areas 1, 2,
and 3. Thus, the construction and completion of the proposed project would enforce several negative
impacts to the flow of traffic in these areas, as well as to the pedestrian users and passers-by.

The project will cause traffic congestions in the access road due to certain construction activities and
by the trucks that are hauling or delivering construction materials. This impact could be mitigated by
the following approaches: (1) Provide alternative routes thru a Traffic Management Plan and re-
routing schemes will be strictly implemented, in coordination with LGUs; (2) Provide appropriate
traffic signs in strategic places to make sure traffic congestion is minimized; (3) Schedule delivery of
fabricated construction materials and others, as well as construction-equipment movement, will be

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done during night time and/or non-peak hours; and (4) Assign traffic personnel or marshals to
facilitate movement of vehicles in and out the site during a major construction activity.

Another adverse impact is the obstructions in roads and highway corridor. Due to the reduced or
impeded rights-of-way, this may result to increase travel time of vehicles and also traffic congestion.
It may also cause impairment of non-motored transportation (i.e. bicycles, pedestrian users). In order
to prevent this, the contractor must ensure that access roads and pedestrian facilities are opened and
free from obstructions, if possible, at all times. In addition, parking time of idle construction
machineries and vehicles along the major roads will be limited, especially during rush hours.

During construction, constant exposure of the roads to the heavy machineries (such as cranes,
excavators, compactors, loaders, concrete mixers, and others) may cause ground vibration and
deterioration of the access roads. To mitigate this, the contractor must select appropriate types of
equipment with minimal vibration effect and the machineries shall be operated at low speed to
minimize vibration and also promote road safety. In addition, hauling trucks must comply with road
weight limit standards to avoid overweighting that may deteriorate the roadway.

Furthermore, when construction interferes with access roads, it may cause hazardous driving
conditions such as falling of construction debris, risk of fire or explosions, and other possible
accidents. To avoid these incidences, designate alternative routes for vehicular traffic, away from the
construction site, as well as provide appropriate safety and warning traffic signs in strategic places in
order to minimize the potential accidents.

Lastly, during the operation phase, if there are sports or other events in the area, there will be an
expected increase in vehicular traffic and pedestrian users. To prevent this, in the project planning
stage, the pertinent LOS category of the roads and pedestrian facilities (i.e. sidewalks, pavement)
inside the project site must be improved by widening and concrete paving of the roadways and
sidewalks. This must be done in compliance with the standard dimensions and properties
recommended in road and pedestrian facilities designs. In addition, traffic personnel or marshals can
be assigned to facilitate the movement of vehicles in and out the site.

[Link]. PERSONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH

The project might pose several safety and health hazards especially during its construction and
operation phase. These hazards might threaten the life of the employees in the project site, as well as
the residents in nearby settlements.

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During construction, several activities and equipment may cause accidents and injuries to the
construction workers and other employees. There is also a probability of transmission of
communicable diseases from workers to local populations and vice-versa. Therefore, contractors
should take necessary action to enhance personal health and safety during the construction. They
should prepare and implement an on-site Health and Safety guidelines, in compliance with the
requirements of Occupational Safety and Health Standards. They should give complete job safety
instructions to all his workers, especially to those entering the job for the first time. These directives
must include familiarization with their work environment, hazards to which the workers will be
exposed to, and steps taken in case of emergency. It must also be ensured that workers should make
proper use of Personal Protective Equipment (i.e. working boots, overalls, safety gloves, helmet,
goggles, earmuffs, etc.) and must wear them at all times when they are inside the project premises.
Adequate sanitary facilities should be provided and standard cleanliness must be maintained. Food
handlers who are assigned to prepare food for the workers at the construction site should be controlled
and monitored to guarantee that food is hygienically prepared. Regular cleaning, check-up, and
maintenance of machineries and equipment on site should also be done. Lastly, there must also be a
clinic or health facility inside the project site for the all employees, with provisions for a fully
equipped first aid kit and complete stocks of general medications in order to remedy common
illnesses and avoid spread of disease among its workers.

The contractor should also take necessary actions to ensure the safety of the public near or passing by
the construction site. They should put up safety and informative signage, fence the construction area,
and prohibit the unnecessary access of the public to the site. Health problems may also occur to the
workers especially those who will be exposed to chemical and biological hazards in the construction
site. Thus, hazardous waste should be disposed properly and minimize its contact with the workers
and provisions in RA 6969 must be strictly followed at all times.

Another harmful impact is the creation of temporary breeding habitats for pests like rodents, insects
such as mosquito, flies, cockroaches, and other undesirable organisms that may cause diseases and
infestation. This could be mitigated by regularly removing and cleaning possible breeding ground or
habitat, such as stagnant pool of water, of pests and insects. Cleanliness and orderliness in the general
project site (especially in areas where construction workers and other employees stay and eat during
construction phase) must also be maintained by avoiding littering and imposing good disposal of solid
wastes with segregated trash bins. Make sure that these bins are properly closed or sealed and are
disposed regularly.

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Furthermore, one common accident in construction sites is electrical hazard. In worst cases, it could
dreadfully result to explosion and fire. Explosions can happen when electricity provides a source of
ignition for an explosive mixture in the atmosphere, while fire are caused by overloading a circuit or
appliance or by current flowing through high resistance due to faulty wiring, setting fire to insulation
and surrounding materials. These terrible incidents can be prevented by ensuring that all of the
electrical tools are free from recognized hazards that can cause death or serious physical harm to the
employees. Make sure also that only listed, labelled, or certified equipment will be utilized and
installed. Usage of electrical equipment must also be in accordance with the instructions included in
its listing, labelling, or certification. In terms of fire preparation, protecting the site from possible
outbreak will be achieved through sound engineering, reliable operations, written operating
procedures, trained employees, good preventive and predictive maintenance techniques and
commitment to safety. Organize an efficient Fire Exit and Safety Plan (i.e. fire drill) and install fire-
fighting equipment such as fire extinguishers in accessible and strategic points. Also, and impose to
all the employees the fire safety measures and encourage the use of fire-proof materials.

Lastly, during the operation phase, danger to the security of the students, faculty members, and other
employees inside the premises of the facilities could be threatened from outsiders and burglar
incidents especially during night time. This could be prevented by employing security guards in every
building and regularly perform night watch around the project site premises. For additional safety
measures, placing CCTV surveillance cameras in strategic locations would threaten offenders and
prevent crimes. In addition, provide emergency and security numbers at strategic locations.

6.1.8. VISUAL ENVIRONMENT

Aesthetical aspects must also be taken into consideration in assessing the environmental impacts of
the proposed project. Aesthetics is concerned with the visual quality and appropriateness of the
project designs to its surrounding landscape, adjacent structures, as well as the culture of its project
area. Evaluating a project visual impact must pertain to how the project could affect, blend, or change
the view of its environment. It would be vital to consider the designs and aesthetic value of the
proposed project because the entire University Sports Complex is one of the modern innovations that
would surely become a symbol of the university‘s excellence.

One of the impacts that could probably arise is the possible contrasts between the natural landforms
and the architectural features of the proposed project, such as the designs of the roadways, pavements,
and the structures themselves. These disparities would be very significant if the project is visible from
public and residential areas, as well as highways. This could be prevented by employing architectural
features, selecting construction materials and colours of paint for the facilities exterior, and

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incorporating painting patterns, so as to enable the proposed structures to appropriately blend with the
existing buildings and the landscape of the entire project area. The developers must also plan and
design an appropriate landscaping program (i.e. vegetative-screening) for the whole project to
promote coherence in its design.

Another potential dilemma is the possible visual intrusions (i.e. transmission lines, poles, water pipes,
etc.) to the natural scenic of the area. This could be mitigated if underground utilities such as those for
electricity, water, and sewer will also be incorporated in the project designs. Furthermore, the
contractor must ensure that all provisional structures such as the temporary office and the bunkhouse
or barracks of the construction workers must be dismantled right after the construction is done. If
these facilities will be abandoned, it may cause eyesore to the public.

In addition, during the construction and operation phase, there will be possible light pollution if
facilities are use at night causing too much brightness that may distract nearby buildings or residential
areas. Hence, the use of lighting facilities must be regulated especially during night time and
incorporate to the design particular light fixtures that have dimming capacity to be able to control its
brightness and minimize it if needed.

6.2. EMERGENCY RESPONSE POLICY & GENERIC GUIDELINES

6.2.1. EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS POLICY

To mitigate the possible injury, illness, loss of life, damage to properties and/or negative
environmental impacts given that incidents and emergency situations will take place. The designated
officials have the defined responsibilities of ensuring the most effective and efficient utilization of
resources for the optimum benefit and protection of the athletes, students, and staff, properties, and
the environment.

6.2.2. THE ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE

The organizational structure for the emergency response guidelines varies during the construction,
operation, and abandonment stages. Every stage of the project is headed by a Chairperson. The said
Chairperson heads the (a) Emergency Coordinator for Preparedness, (b) Emergency Coordinator for
Response, and (c) Emergency Coordinator for Recovery. Every Emergency Coordinator has his/her
team, namely the (a) Emergency Preparedness Team, (b) Emergency Response Team, and (c)
Emergency Recovery Team. Alternates and backups are also assigned. Figure 46 illustrates a
flowchart of the hierarchy of command for the organizational structure.

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CHAIRPERSON

Emergency Coordinator Emergency Coordinator Emergency Coordinator

for PREPAREDNESS for RESPONSE for RECOVERY

Emergency Coordinator for Emergency Coordinator Emergency Coordinator

Preparedness (Alternate) for Response (Alternate) for Recovery (Alternate)

EMERGENCY EMERGENCY EMERGENCY

PREPAREDNESS TEAM RESPONSE TEAM RECOVERY TEAM
Members Members Members

Alternate Members Alternate Members Alternate Members

Figure 46. Organizational Structure for Emergency Response

6.2.3. GUIDELINES
ASSESSMENT PLANNING
1) Perform identification of hazards and evaluation of risks. This must include following emergency
situations but not limited to:
a. Natural disasters (i.e. typhoon, flood, earthquake, tsunami)
b. Medical emergencies (i.e. epidemic, heart attack, stroke, physical injury due to accident)
c. Dangers to properties (i.e. arson / accidental fire)
d. Dangers to environment (i.e. oil spill, chemical spill)
e. Utility outages (i.e. electricity outage, loss of water supply, disconnection in communication
lines)
f. Other man-made emergency situations (i.e. terrorist attack, turmoil, riots, chaotic protests,
bomb threat)
2) Conduct evaluation of asset. This is necessary to have immediate estimate of the possible damage of
the possible emergencies to the properties.
3) Evaluate and itemize existing capabilities and resources.
4) Minimize risk through mitigation planning. Employ the available resources and strengthen the
existing capabilities.
PREPAREDNESS
1) Appoint specific individuals to act as Emergency Preparedness Coordinator as well as members of
the Emergency Preparedness Team.
2) Provide an area for the Emergency Command Centre.
3) Set-up procedures for emergency communications.
4) Create reciprocated aid agreements with other similar facilities and institutions.

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5) Establish plans and routes for evacuations. Consider a plan for physically challenged individuals.
6) Guarantee the protection of physical assets and important records.
7) Collect significant information and name resources needed for emergency preparedness (i.e. supplies,
phone numbers, helping agencies)
RESPONSE
1) Appoint specific individuals to act as Emergency Response Coordinator as well as members of the
Emergency Response Team.
2) Establish procedures related to the following:
a. Activation of the Emergency Command Centre
b. Receiving and processing of emergency calls
c. Warning of personnel
d. Engaging the Emergency Preparedness Plan
 Activation of alarms
 Notification of officials
 Evacuation and accounting of personnel
 Activation of emergency situations
e. Shutting down of the facilities
3) Record the incidents and the corresponding actions done.
RECOVERY
1) Appoint specific individuals to act as Emergency Recovery Coordinator as well as members of the
Emergency Recovery Team.
2) Recover resources based from the pre-emergency recovery analysis and planning
3) Devise procedures related to the following:
a. Assessment of damage
b. Conducting salvage operations
c. Activation of recovery communication
d. Support to staff, athletes, students, and personnel
TESTING THE PLAN
1) Conduct Training-Needs Analysis
2) Device policies related to training of the personnel, frequency of trainings, and the conduct of drills
3) Record the results of the test activities
MAINTAINING THE PLAN
1) Conduct annual audit of the entire plan check the need for updating, completeness, chain of
command, awareness of personnel and people involved, and evaluation of resources available.
2) Update plan whenever necessary. This includes changes in the appointed officials and members, new
operations and processes, changes in layout, and others.

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6.3. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN

The Environmental Monitoring Plans (EMoP) should be executed to relate the effects of the proposed project from the baseline environmental conditions. It is
also used as a guide to identify the efficiency of the suggested mitigation measures of the foressen impacts of the project. The contractor, proponent, and
various stakeholders listed in the following table are the ones who are responsible for the monitoring plan supervision and execution during the project
construction, operation and abandonment phase. The results and records of all the monitoring, survey, and inspections must be properly documented and
maintained. If there are any unanticipated problems that occur, these situations must be highlighted with its corresponding mitigation measures or solutions.
The following table presents the summary of the recommended EMoP.

Table 38. Summary of the Environmental Monitoring Plan during Pre-Construction, Construction, Operation, and Abandonment Phase
Environmental Parameter/s to be SAMPLING MEASUREMENT PLAN Responsible
EMoP Estimated Cost
Concerns Monitored Method Frequency Location Organization/Agency
PRE-CONSTRUCTION PHASE
Terrestrial and stream
Density and diversity of mapping and inventory
terrestrial, aquatic and of name (scientific and Twice (Initial and Within the project Part of Feasibility
Flora Diversity Contractor
phytoplankton common), number, and Confirmatory) boundaries Study Costs
organisms category/origin of all
Biological
the existing species
Resources
Terrestrial and stream
Monitoring
Density and diversity of survey of name
terrestrial, aquatic, (scientific and Twice (Initial and Within the project Part of Feasibility
Fauna Diversity Contractor
zooplankton, and macro common), number, and Confirmatory) boundaries Study Costs
benthic organisms IUCN category of all
the existing species
Affected houses Number of houses and
Twice (Initial and Within the project Contractor, UP Part of Feasibility
and/or commercial other establishments to Survey
Confirmatory) boundaries CPDMO Study Costs
Conditions establishments be directly affected
of Socio- Checking & validation
Economic Involvement of Age of all the of employee's Once (During the
Main Office Contractor Minimal
Child Labor employees contract/resume/bio- hiring process)
data

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CONSTRUCTION PHASE
Moisture content of soil Visual inspection of the
(i.e. portions for moisture content of soil Within the
Generation of dusts Daily Contractor Minimal
excavations, route of to determine the need construction site
vehicles) for water sprinkling
Inspection of incoming
vehicles to check if
smoke is severely
Emission from the
Condition of incoming belched. This will be
vehicles used for
vehicles used for the recorded through a
the delivery of
delivery of materials checklist with the At the entrance of
materials needed
needed for construction corresponding plate Daily the delivery Contractor Minimal
for the construction
(i.e. procurement of numbers. Any vehicles
(i.e. procurement of
materials from long violation will be
materials from long
distances) reported to the
distances)
Air Quality concerned
Monitoring responsibility (i.e.
supplier)
Emission from Inspection of the good
particulate matters Condition of condition of
Within the
from mechanical mechanical and heavy mechanical and heavy Weekly Contractor Minimal
construction site
and heavy equipment equipment through the
equipment use of checklists
Inventory and
Emission of gases inspection of leaks
and fumes from from tanks of welding
construction Condition of containers gases, integrity of the Within the
Daily Contractor Minimal
materials (i.e. and storage areas containers of paints and construction site
welding gases, solvents, and other
paints) volatile construction
materials
Drainage outlets,
Water DO, BOD, COD, pH, Grab Sampling, project site rest
Part of
Quality Water Runoff Temperature, Hardness, Laboratory Test and Monthly rooms, and/or site Contractor
Construction Costs
Monitoring TSS, Faecal Coliform Analysis office toilet septic
tanks

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Drainage outlets,
Grab Sampling, project site rest
pH, BOD, COD, TSS, Once every three Part of
Effluent Laboratory Test and rooms, and/or site Contractor
TDS months Construction Costs
Analysis office toilet septic
tanks
Kilogram/Day,
Generation of Solid Direct Observation, Within the Part of
Management Number of items per Daily Contractor, UP SWM
Wastes Weighing construction site Construction Costs
of Solid and day
Hazardous For liquid: Liters or
Generation of Direct Observation, Within the Part of
Wastes number of drums Monthly Contractor, UP SWM
Hazardous Wastes Weighing construction site Construction Costs
For solids: Kilograms
Installation of noise
Direct Observation of Within the Part of
reducing device Daily Contractor
Noise from the Vehicles construction site Construction Costs
(i.e. enclosure, silencer)
construction
Maintenance and
machineries and Direct Observation of
tuning of construction Weekly and/or as Within the Part of
delivery vehicles Machineries and Contractor
machineries or often as needed construction site Construction Costs
Equipment
equipment
Availability of ear Daily (as often as Within the Part of
Direct Observation Contractor
mufflers of the workers needed) construction site Construction Costs
Noise impact to the
Maintenance and
construction Direct Observation of
tuning of construction Weekly and/or as Within the Part of
workers Machineries and Contractor
machineries or often as needed construction site Construction Costs
Equipment
Noise Level equipment
Monitoring Noise from
Construction site
construction Direct Observation of
Noise Level As often as needed and workers' Contractor No Cost to Project
workers (i.e. the Workers
barracks
voices, gadgets)
Consultations with
Number of valid affected residents Affected
Variable Contractor To be determined
complaints and/or concerned residential area/s
Noise disturbance citizens
to the nearby Noise Level Sampling
Weekly and/or as Along the project Part of
residential areas Noise Level (use of sound level Contractor
often as needed boundaries Construction Costs
meter)
Sufficiency of noise Weekly and/or as Along the project Part of
Direct Observation Contractor
barriers often as needed boundaries Construction Costs

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Consultations with
Public Perception/ Number of valid Affected
local officials and Variable Contractor, UP DP To be determined
Acceptability complaints residential area/s
residents

Temporary Increase in number of

breeding habitats pests, insects, and other
for pests, insects, undesirable organisms, Within the project
Direct Observation Daily Contractor No Cost to Project
and other as well as existence of boundaries
undesirable possible breeding
organisms habitats

Number of injuries and

accidents to the Immediate vicinity
Direct Observation, Contractor, Safety
employees and Daily of the construction Minimal
Log-book registration Officer/Engineer
students, as well as sites, Main office
safety man- hours

Conditions Occupational
Availability of first aid
of Socio- Safety
kit and medical facility,
Economic
efficiency of onsite Immediate vicinity
Weekly and/or as Contractor, Safety
Safety and Health plan, Direct Observation of the construction Minimal
often as needed Officer/Engineer
as well as Disaster sites, Main office
Mitigation Plan (i.e.
fire, earthquake, etc.)

Obstruction to Machineries/vehicles, Roadways and

roads, highway construction materials, pedestrian facilities
Direct Observation Daily Contractor No Cost to Project
corridors, and and other possible near the project
pedestrian ways obstructions site

Responsible and
appropriate conduct of
Social Behaviour all the employers and Within the
Direct Observation Daily Contractor No Cost to Project
of Workers prohibitions of alcohol, construction site
gambling, and other
impertinent behaviours

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OPERATION PHASE
Installation of CCTV
cameras in strategic
Emissions from the
locations of vehicle
Air Quality vehicles of athletes, Within the project
Traffic flow routes (i.e. parking lots) Variable Proponet, UP-DP Php 10,000
Monitoring staff and visiting boundaries
to monitor violations in
spectators
traffic management
systems
Drainage outlets
Water Grab Sampling, and/or facilities
DO, BOD, COD, pH, Part of Operations
Quality Water quality Laboratory Test and Quarterly rest rooms (i.e. per Proponent
Temperature Costs
Monitoring Analysis building, athletes'
dormitory)
Kilogram/Day,
Generation of Solid Direct Observation, Per buildings and Part of Operation
Management Number of items per Daily Proponent, UP SWM
Wastes Weighing facilities Costs
of Solid and day
Hazardous For liquid: Liters or
Generation of Direct Observation, Per buildings and Part of Operation
Wastes number of drums Quarterly Proponent, UP SWM
Hazardous Wastes Weighing facilities Costs
For solids: Kilograms
Consultations with
Number of valid affected residents During sports/other Affected
Proponent To be determined
complaints and/or concerned major events residential area/s
Noise during sports citizens
events or other Near the event
major gatherings Noise Level Sampling venue (source of
During sports/other Part of Operation
Noise Level (use of sound level sound) or the Proponent
major events Costs
meter) residential areas
Noise Level (receiver of sound)
Monitoring Noise Level Sampling
Noise generated
(use of sound level Once a week and
from the vehicles Within the project Part of Operation
Noise Level meter) and Direct During sports/other Proponent
of athletes, staffs boundaries Costs
Observation of the major events
and spectators
Vehicles
Noise from
Once a week and
athletes, staffs and Place sound level Proponent, Part of Operation
Noise Level During sports/other Project area
spectators (i.e. monitoring terminals Event Manager Costs
major events
voices, gadgets)

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Place sound level Once a week and Project area and

Proponent, Part of Operation
monitoring terminals During sports/other nearby residences
Event Manager Costs
Noise from the (indoor and outdoor) major events and/or institutions
sound system and Check if the sound
Noise Level
other sports system and sports Sound system
During sports/other Proponent, Part of Operation
equipment equipment is calibrated within the event
major events Event Manager Costs
and maintained venue
properly
Number of floral
Direct observation and Within the project
Flora Diversity species retained and in Variable Proponent Minimal
Biological protection boundaries
need to be maintained
Resources
Number of fauna
Monitoring Direct observation and Within the project
Fauna Diversity species retained and in Variable Proponent Minimal
protection boundaries
need to be maintained
Awareness campaign
Water Supply, Direct Observation,
on sanitation and health Once every three Per buildings and
Sanitation, and Log-book and Database Proponent, MWSS Minimal
education to public and months facilities
Health Registration
workers
Direct Observation,
Number of vehicular Roadways within
Highway Safety Log-book and Database Daily Proponent, UP DP Minimal
accidents the project site
Registration
Number of injuries and
accidents to the Direct Observation,
Per buildings and
employees and Log-book and Database Daily Proponent Minimal
facilities
students, as well as Registration
Conditions
safety man- hours
of Socio-
Occupational Availability of first aid
Economic
Safety kit and medical facility
and efficiency of
Per buildings and
Security and Safety Direct Observation Weekly Proponent Minimal
facilities
Plan and Disaster
Mitigation Plan (i.e.
fire, earthquake, etc.)
Appropriate conduct of
all the employers and Within the vicinity
Social Behaviour
prohibitions of alcohol, Direct Observation Daily of the buildings Proponent No Cost to Project
of Workers
gambling, and other and facilities
impertinent behaviours

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Consultations with Affected

Public Perception/ Number of valid local officials, residential area/s
Variable Proponent, UP DP To be determined
Acceptability complaints residents, and or concerned
concerned citizens citizen/s
ABANDONMENT PHASE
Generation of dusts Moisture content of soil Visual inspection of the
Air Quality during demolition (i.e. portions for moisture content of soil Within the project
To be determined To be determined To be determined
Monitoring of structure and excavations, route of to determine the need boundaries
facilities vehicles) for water sprinkling
Water Grab Sampling, Drainage outlets
DO, BOD, COD, pH,
Quality Water quality Laboratory Test and Annually and/or nearby To be determined To be determined
Temperature,
Monitoring Analysis streams
Management
Generation of For liquid: Liters or
of Solid and Direct Observation,
Solid/Hazardous number of drums To be determined To be determined To be determined To be determined
Hazardous Weighing
Wastes For solids: Kilograms
Wastes
Number of floral
Direct observation and Within the project
Flora Diversity species retained and in Variable To be determined Minimal
Biological protection boundaries
need to be maintained
Resources
Number of fauna
Monitoring Direct observation and Within the project
Fauna Diversity species retained and in Variable To be determined Minimal
protection boundaries
need to be maintained
Project area
including the 5
Noise Level Sampling sampling sites
(use of sound level Weekly from baseline To be determined To be determined
Noise generated
Noise Level meter) condition and
from demolition of Noise Level
Monitoring nearby residences
buildings
and/or institutions
Direct Observation of
Daily (as often as Within the
Machineries and To be determined To be determined
needed) construction site
Equipment
Conditions
Termination of Number of personnel or Check of employment
of Socio- To be determined To be determined To be determined To be determined
employees employees affected record
Economic

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6.3.1. AIR QUALITY MONITORING

Monitoring of air quality will focus on the emissions from the vehicles of the delivery materials
during the construction period and vehicles of athletes, staff, and visiting spectators during the
operation phase. These certain emissions were identified as significant environmental impacts as
presented in Section 5.3.1. For the emissions from the delivery vehicles, anti-smoke belching
regulations will be implemented by having inspection of all incoming vehicles to check if the
components release severe (intermittent and incessant emission of dark) smokes. This will be
recorded through a checklist with the corresponding plate numbers. Any violation will be reported to
the concerned and responsible agency (i.e. from their pertinent supplier). For the vehicles of athletes,
staff, and more especially visiting spectators during the operation phase, flow of traffic will be a
primary concern. This is because based from the studies of Wahlin, Palmgren and Dingenen in 2001,
traffic and vehicles contribute most to the generation of particulate matter in metropolitan areas. As
part of the mitigation measures to implement an efficient traffic management system, monitoring will
be done by the installation of CCTV cameras in strategic areas of vehicle routes. This is to monitor
and observe possible traffic violations which might trigger a busy traffic flow. During construction
phase, other monitoring will include visual inspection of the moisture content of soil and inspection of
leaks from tanks and other volatile materials. This will guarantee the mitigation of air contamination
brought about by dusts and construction materials.

6.3.2. WATER QUALITY MONITORING

Water quality monitoring will be evaluated in the streams and drainage outlets covered by the
construction sites. All possible leaks, run-offs and accidental spillage should be monitored to prevent
water pollution. Tests evaluating the accumulation of suspended solid, oil, grease and chemicals that
might occur from accidents should be controlled to avoid contamination of water and damages in
aquatic ecosystem in streams and flow of water. During construction phase, sample is taking from the
drainage outlet of the area monthly by the contractor. The important parameters to analyse are DO,
BOD, COD, pH, hardness, temperature, TSS, and faecal coliform. During operation and abandonment
phase, general water quality parameter (DO, BOD, COD, pH, temperature) are monitored in
laboratory quarterly and annually respectively.

6.3.3. MANAGEMENT OF SOLID AND HAZARDOUS WASTES

During the entire duration of the proposed project, several kinds of solid and hazardous wastes would
be produced. Amount of generation, appropriate handling and temporary storage, as well as proper
disposal of these detrimental materials must be monitored at designated times to ensure the health and
welfare of the employees, students, nearby residential areas, and other possible affected stakeholders.

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During the construction phase, amount and disposal of solid wastes produced within the construction
site must be monitored daily, while hazardous wastes must be suitably kept at allocated storage
location, which must be monitored twice a month. During the operation phase, disposal and storage
area of solid wastes must be monitored daily until it will be collected by the assigned unit such as the
Task Force of SWM of the university. On the other hand, storage area of hazardous wastes must be
monitored every four months and must be properly disposed and handled by legitimate organizations.
Note that the length of time of storing certain hazardous wastes and its scheduled disposal is
dependent on its harmful effects to the environment and people.

6.3.4. NOISE LEVEL MONITORING

To proactively prevent possible complaints from the community and institutions, noise level during
the construction and operation stages will be monitored. These will be done during daytime and
night-time to assess if sound levels are within the prescribed value. Sampling sites will include the
five sampling sites considered during baseline condition gathering. In addition to that, sound level
will be observed in the nearby community and institutions to evaluate the effectiveness of the
mitigating measures.

6.3.5. BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES MONITORING

In biological aspects, all flora and fauna that may be affected and could be recovered are to be
relocated. The monitoring could be done in the construction area where plant species were removed.
Types of plants species, both terrestrial and aquatic, that were damaged and/or just removed and
replanted should be listed. Also observation of invasive plant species that may compete with the
growth of natural plants should be done to prevent their growth in the area. For the terrestrial and
aquatic animal species, any found species that has been captured and relocated must also be included
in the monitoring report. Birds and other wild life species including insects should also be monitored
to attain control measures to lessen their impacts due to the planned development.

6.3.6. CONDITIONS OF THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT

During pre-construction, there should be an initial survey of the affected houses and/or commercial
establishments within the area. Nearby residential areas and small business within the project site
must be informed about the proposed project and the possible hazards that may rise. This will also
avoid public conflict once the project would start its implementation. A confirmatory procedure must
also be done to ensure total agreement between the parties. Moreover, the involvement of child labor
must also be taken into consideration since it is against the law. The employees’ contract, bio-data, or

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other pertinent documents must be checked and validated to ensure that all the personnel are in legal
age to work.

At construction phase, to ensure the safety and health condition of all the employees inside the project
site premises, as well as the affected public, assigned Safety Engineers or Officers accredited by
Occupational Safety and Health Center (OSHC). They must execute a general safety and health
comprehensive inspection pertinent to the work environment, adequacy of work space, ventilation,
lighting, handling, storage or work procedures, protection facilities, location and operation of
machineries. The frequency and detail of the monitoring procedures will depend on the nature of the
work and the safety precautions in accordance to the OSH Standards. To further ensure the health of
the workers, possible breeding habitats of pests, insects, and other undesirable organisms must be
checked as often as needed, in order to avoid contamination and transmission of disease. In addition,
to avoid traffic congestions and impairment of non-motored vehicles or pedestrians, obstructions must
be avoided along the roadways, highway corridors, and pedestrian facilities at all times.

Once the construction is done and the project is now in its operating period, consistent monitoring
must still be performed to identify existing and potential threats and to further protect the health,
safety, and welfare of the students and the employees. These inspections can be conducted by
assigned employees of the proponent or by the building administration.

Lastly, during its abandonment phase, the legal procedures of terminating the contract of the
employees must be completed. The project proponent or the responsible organizations who handle
employment issues in the university (i.e. UP HRDO) must take into account the number of personnel
to be affected and must provide or offer replacement jobs, reassignment, or other means of living.

6.4. INSTITUTIONAL PLAN

To ensure that all activities of this project are implemented in accordance with the environmental laws
and standards and in compliance with the stipulations of the Environmental Compliance Certificate
(ECC), the parties involved in this project (Project Proponent and Contractor) shall know their
functions and responsibilities. Also, they shall coordinate and work together with the Department of
Environment and Natural Resources – Environmental Management Bureau (DENR-EMB).

THE PROJECT PROPONENT

In all phases of the project, the Proponent shall ensure that all the conditions in the ECC are met. The
Proponent should coordinate with the government units which have jurisdiction over the Project area.

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The NGO's and stakeholders concerned should be properly informed and consulted about the Project.
The proponent shall coordinate with the DENR-EMB in monitoring the environmental conditions of
the project. Monitoring reports should be submitted regularly to the DENR-EMB for proper review
and evaluation. Also, the activities of the Contractors should be closely monitored to ensure that they
are in line with the Environmental Management Plan of the project as presented in this report.

THE CONTRACTOR
The Contractor shall ensure that all work specifications provided by the Proponent will be considered
and taken to effect. All of the requirements in Environmental Management Plan should be complied
with. Construction activities should be undertaken in accordance with existing environmental
standards. On-site Health and Safety guidelines and other rules and regulations that will ensure the
security of welfare of all the employees must be prepared and strictly implemented by the contractor
all throughout the construction phase.

THE DENR-EMB
The DENR-EMB should review and evaluate the plans and reports regarding the impact management
and monitoring submitted by the Project Proponent. The EMB should also give recommendations
based on the results of their assessment.

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CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

This report details the finding of threats and environmental impacts in the area imposed by the
construction of the proposed project, the University Sports Complex. The assessment reveals the
impacts in several aspects of environment including the air, surface water, soil and groundwater,
noise, visual, socio-economic, existing biological condition, solid and hazardous waste, etc.

The construction process, caused by the emission of CO, CO2, NOx, SOx from the construction
machinery, will interrupt the air. In effect, there will also be an increase in air circulation brought by
the development in the area. In this context, the contractor should operate the construction process
using the relatively new machinery and should always monitor the potential pollution from the
development.

Hydrological change and wastewater burden will also emerge during the construction period. It is
recommended to improve or design a temporary drainage system to avoid the overflow of domestic
water of the construction builders and extreme runoff from the climate variability. The use of
sediment pit can help to prevent the soil erosion and sediment that may affect the quality and flow of
water. And most importantly, laws and regulations have to be strengthened in full effort.

The most significant impact imposed to soil might be the permanent change in topology of the area
and flooding condition in the area due to the construction projects. Vegetation and interceptor drain is
recommended to reduce the runoff velocity of the water. It increases the concentration time of flow
and alleviate flash flood.

During construction period, solid wastes will be generated — including debris of bricks, concretes,
and other construction materials. It is also expected that there will be an increase in production of
solid wastes once the project is in its operational phase. The recycling process of these materials will
be the best choice among other management plan. However, the recycling of these materials still
requires technology advancement. In this context, proper disposal method of solid waste is the prior
preference in managing solid waste.

The biological effect is inevitable in any projects. The elimination of the organisms would be harmful
to area’s ecosystem. The influx of exotic species also destroys the baseline condition of the area.
Keeping the existing condition and fitting it into the design is recommended as far as both the project
and the biological environment are concerned.

The report also addresses the impacts on the socio-economic environment. The contractor has to
provide good working condition to the builders and obey the building regulation. The increase of

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employment is a positive side of the project. However, the encouragement and chance of local people
to involve in the project is important. It is to ensure that the benefit of project will go to the local
people. This would help to reduce the stress of project to the socio-economic issue. The safety and
health issue of the workers should also be stipulated. The enforcement of laws and regulations will
ensure an environmental friendly project. In addition, once the project is in its operational phase, there
will be an expected increase in demand for both power and water consumption. Saving electricity and
water is the best and easy approach by avoiding unnecessary usage. The project design should also
incorporate green innovations that will surely conserve further consumption.

For the noise impact, construction equipment will introduce disturbed noise to the environment during
construction period. Installing noise barriers by fencing the construction area is the simplest method
but efficient to trap sound from the site. To avoid disturbance to nearby school or residential areas,
construction activities (during development phase) and sports events (during operation phase) must be
limit to day time only.

Furthermore, impacts pertinent to visual environment are evaluated to be insignificant. But still, these
factors must be taken into consideration such as maintaining the aesthetic landscape and harmony of
the designs of the buildings and facilities to its environment, as well as avoiding any visual intrusions.

As presented in this Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) Report, the project management must
ensure that all the mitigation and enhancement measures for all the negative and positive impacts of
the proposed project (especially those with significant risks) as foreseen by the preparers all
throughout the project lifetime, must be properly and efficiently performed and satisfied. The project
should become a place to appreciate the various fields of sports and recreational activities, as well as
to contribute for the improvement of the economic growth of the university, in harmony with the
environment.

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