Published online in http://ijam.co.

in
ISSN: 0976-5921
International Journal of Ayurvedic Medicine, 2010, 1(3), 118-128

Review article
A Prospective Study on Parpati Kalpana w.s.r to Panchamrut Parpati
Murali Krishna. C*, Srinivasulu Bandari 1, Pavan Kumar Sangu1,
Penchala Prasad G2, Narayana A3, Prasanna Kumar T4

1. Senior Research Felow (Ayurveda), 2. Assistant Director, 3. Director, NIIMH, Hyderabad

4. Assistant Professor, JSS AMC, Mysore

Abstract
Rasa Shastra, one of the Pharmaco-therapeutic branches of Ayurveda, incorporates many of
the inorganic, herbo-mineral and metallic pharmaceutical preparations namely Khalviya
Rasayana, Parpati Rasayana, Pottali Rasayana and Kupipakwa Rasayana, Parpati
Rasayanas are one among the Rasaoushidhis mentioned in the Ayurvedic classics and the
therapeutically effective mineral & metallic formulations. These are the most popular among
the processing’s of Mercury. Parpati Rasayana Kalpanas are the most popular among the
processing’s of Mercury and are widely used. These are therapeutically effective mineral and
metallic formulations; including both Sagandha and Nirgandha Parada Yukta yogas. The
name “Parpati” is given to this preparation because of its form and the method of preparation
as it is made in the form of thin flakes (Papada). This process dates back to 11th century and
is found widely in Ayurveda literature. Parpati Rasayanas have high therapeutic value,
potent, less toxic and cost effective medicines. Panchamruta Parpati is one of the
formulations used in Grahani (Malabsorption sprue syndrome). Hence the Parpati kalpanas
are enumerated with special reference to the preparation of the Panchamruta Parpati.

Key words: Rasashastra, Parpati kalpana, Panchamruta Parpati.

Introduction therapy.
Introduction of Mercury , Metals The compounds prepared with
and minerals in the therapeutics started Mercury are considered to be the best. It
almost a new era, it was accepted much has been a practice for many years to
earlier that every thing in the world can be combine Mercury and Sulphur with other
used as a medicament and use of same drugs or metals for enhancing their
minerals were also in practice in the age of potency. It is also observed that when the
classics i.e., up to 400 AD. But later on vegetable drugs combined with mercurial
one of the great exponents of Indian compounds or with Sulphur their activities
Medicine, Nagarjuna (800 AD) devoted may last very longer period. The
his entire life and energy to develop Rasa Rasagranthas clearly indicate that Mercury
Shastra. With his effort Mercury, Metals on account of its very powerful yogavahi
and Minerals became very popular tools of properties, when mixed with other
substances, increases their properties
*Corresponding author: immensely and their shelf life period for
Research officer (Ayurveda), indefinite period.
National institute of Indian Medical Parpati Kalpana (Flakes) is a well
Heritage, Osmania Medical College known and successfully used preparation
building, Putlibowli, Hyderabad. for the management of Grahani
Ph.No: +91-9492030564 (Malabsorption sprue syndrome). Before
E.mail: [email protected] the invention of Parpati, Grahani was

118
 Published online in http://ijam.co.in
ISSN: 0976-5921
Murali Krishna et al., A Prospective Study of Parpati Kalpana

considered difficult to cure but after the A detail description of RasaParpati

invention of Parpati it became curable. in Grahani chikitsa was given by the
The use of Parpati was found beneficial Chakradutta (C.D. 4/90). The scaly
for alleviating associated symptoms of preparations of mercury are prepared by
Grahani as well as various other diseases melting of Kajjali (Black sulphide of
like Rajayakshma, Kustha, and Gulma etc. mercury) and suddenly cooling it under
In the chronic phase of Grahani where the manual pressure and given name
need of antitubercular therapy arises there RasParpati by Chakrapani i.e.
Gold alone or along with Silver, Copper, “RasaParpatika Khyata Nibadda
Iron etc. proves highly beneficial. With Chakrapana”. This clearly indicates that
the above idea a number of Parpatis are Chakrapani was a creator of Rasa Parpati.
derived in subsequent periods such as a
Tamra Parpati (Rasa Prakasa Sudhakar), Parpati is a thin flake like
Panchamruta Parpati (Rasendra Sara preparation consisting of Mercury and
sangraha), Swarna Parpati (Rasapaddhati), Sulphur. Parpati is such a preparation
Loha Parpati (Rasa paddhati), Vijaya which is prepared by following various
Parpati (Bhaisajya Ratnavali) etc. were specialized processing techniques like
developed by different scholars by adding Shodhan Samskara and Murchana. It is
one or the other ingredients like gold, considered that Mercury when
silver, Iron, copper, Mica, Pearl and other amalgamated with Sulphur looses its
Precious stones etc. blemishes and toxic nature and gets
converted into black shiningless powder
Derivation of the term “PARPATI” form which is known as a state of
The name “Parpati” is given to this Murchana. When mercury becomes
preparation because of its form and the murchhita it attains various therapeutic
method of preparation as it is made in the qualities. These therapeutic qualities can
form of thin flakes. It is also said about it be potentiated with the addition of certain
that because of its similarity of Papada it is other materials like bhasmas of Gold,
called Parpati. Grammatically the term Silver, Copper, Iron etc. This addition of
“Parpat” is masculine in gender but by various materials and heating process is
adding “I” prefix, it became feminine in considered as Agni samskara which is
gender i.e. Parpati. Parpata, Parpati and responsible for inducing various
Parpatika are its synonyms and emphasise therapeutic qualities.
its lightness (Laghutwa). Types of Parpati:
I Basing upon the Kajjali and other
The description of Parpati has ingredients, it is of three types
been used in therapeutics since 8th / 9th 1. Parpati containing only Kajjali of
century A.D. Probably Nagarjuna was the Parada and Gandhaka.
first scholar to introduce Parpati and other Ex. Rasa Parpati
Rasa preparations in the therapeutics in 2. Parpati containing Kajjali with
Rasendra Mangal. There is mention of the one or more loha / dhatu.
preparation of RasaParpati ( Parpati ) Ex. Swarna Parpati, Panchamrita
which is indicated for Kusta roga (skin Parpati, Loha Parpati,Vijaya Parpati,
disease) but internal use of Mercury and Gagan Parpati, Mandoor Parpati, Mani
introduction of scale preparations goes to Parpati.
Chakrapani, the commentator of Charaka 3. Parpati containing kajjali and one
Samhita, an author of therapeutic book or more vegetable drugs.
Chakradutta (11th century A.D.). Ex: Pranada Parpati, Bola
Parpati.

119
 Published online in http://ijam.co.in
ISSN: 0976-5921
International Journal of Ayurvedic Medicine, 2010, 1(3), 118-128

II. Again on the basis of ingredients While describing Parpati

Parpatis are of 2 types: preparations, 3 pakas have been mentioned
1. Sagandha Parpati: Containing in the texts i.e., Mrudu, Madhyama and
Parada and Gandhaka ex: Rasa Parpati, Khara paka. In these pakas Mrudu &
Gagan Parpati, Tamra Parpati, Swarna Madhyama paka preparation are the best to
Parpati, Loha Parpati, Bola Parpati, be used in therapeutically.
Panchamrita Parpati, Vijaya Parpati, Mridu paka: In this paka, Parpati remains
Mandoor Parpati, Mani Parpati, Pranada safe and may not break easily on
Parpati etc., bending.
2. Nirgandha Parpati: Without Madyama paka: In this paka Parpati is
Parada and Gandhaka ex: Sweta Parpati, broken easily and glitters like roupya
Malla Parpati, Sital Parpati etc., (silver) in the broken place.
Khara paka: In this stage the product can
General method of Preparation of not be converted in to Parpati form and
Parpati: powder form. It looses its actual luster.
Purified Mercury (Parada) and It is not indicated for therapeutic
Sulphur (Gandhaka) are taken in a mortar purpose. But exceptionally Rudra
(Khalwa) in equal proportion and are Parpati is only one Parpati prepared by
ground well till it becomes as Kharapaka.
Kajjalabhasa (Just like kajjali), Slakshnata
(smoothness), Anjana sadrusa sukshma( Properties of Parpati:
minute as anjana), Rekhapurnata, Jala In general Parpati will be dark in
pareeksha ( Floating on water ), Loha color, easily breakable, glittery and flack
pareeksha (If Kajjali is mixed with lime like in appearance. It preserves its potency
juice color of Swarna will not turn to indefinitely and is kept in glass bottles. It
white if it is properly prepared) and increases Lustre, strength and appetite. It
Agnipariksha (Fumes will come out and is beneficial in Antrasodha, Antravrana,
there will not be any ashes). Other drugs and Durgandha pureesha. It strengthens
mentioned in the formula depending upon intestines and regulates intestinal
type of Parpati Kalpana are added one by movements.
one and mixed well by trituration in the
mortar (Khalwa) till it becomes as Importance of cow-dung in Parpati
homogeneous mixture. preparation:
Later a little cow-dung is placed Parpati is usually employed for the
over the floor and is made into a pit. A management of diseases born out of
piece of plantain leaf or Eranda leaf is “Mandagni” and pittajanya rogas like
placed over the pit. The total triturated sanGrahani etc., the chief ingredients of
mixture is taken in a ghee smeared spoon Parpati i.e., Parada and Gandhaka are
and is melted over sikata yantra. When it is pardhiva dravyas and they are treated with
converted into liquid state, it is taken off various vanaspatika dravyas before being
from the fire and poured carefully on the used for the processing of actual
plantain leaf placed over cow-dung pit. medicament. Beside this the most
Another plantain leaf is covered over the interesting feature of this Kalpana is the
melted Kajjali and a little amount of fresh usage of fresh cow-dung which is an
cow-dung is spread over it and gently animal product. This fresh cow-dung
pressed. After it is allowed to cool and the contains larger proportions of cow’s bile
flakes of the Parpati are taken out, and other Bilious products. During the
powdered and preserved. preparation of Parpati these Bilious
Parpati pakas: principles are absorbed into the heat and

120
 Published online in http://ijam.co.in
ISSN: 0976-5921
Murali Krishna et al., A Prospective Study of Parpati Kalpana

melted kajjali (Mixture of Hg+s) through d). Chlorophyll B : Yellow to Green

the plantain leaf media. The Biliary e). Phaeophytin : Green
principles of cow which are absorbed into
the Parpati contribute to regulate the Properties of Chlorophyll are summarized
biliary disorders of human system and as below mentioned
other pitha vikara when taken internally. 1. Detoxifies Liver.
Due to this reason the administration of 2. Eliminates body odor.
Parpati proves beneficial in diseases of 3. Anti-mutagenic activity.
mandagni and other pitta irregularities. In 4. Anti-Oxidant than Caroline, beta
addition to this the Diet also plays an carotene, Vit C & E.
important and significant role in this 5. Anti-atherogenic.
Parpati Kalpana. Perhaps this is the only 6. Free radical scavenger.
Kalpana which is formulated by using the 7. Stimulates enzymes activity.
products and byproducts of vegetable, 8. Clears constipation & Flatus.
minerals and animal origin and this is the 9. Calcium oxalate stones are dissolved.
unique feature of this Kalapana. 10. Cholesterol & triglycerides.
The name Parpati is derived from 11. Natural body cleaners, Rebuild
the method by which flakes of the neutralizer of toxins.
compound are obtained. It is also called as 12. Natural antiseptic and antibacterial.
Parpatika, Parpad etc. Parpati is one 13. Anti yeast activity challenges Candida
among twenty six bandhas described in Species.
Rasa texts, for getting rid of quickness and 14. Anti-inflammatory – useful in
un-capturability of Mercury. It was arthritis, mouth ulcers ulcerative
Chakrapani (11th A.D.) who highlighted colitis and Sore throat.
the therapeutic use of Parpati, though it 15. Promotes healthy intestinal flora.
was included in Rasabandhas in various 16. Significantly inhibits several
classics of Rasasastra of olden times. mutagens, cigarette smoke, petroleum
Of all the Rasaushadhas, Parpati is and diesel emission particles coal
specifically indicated for diseases of GIT. dust.
Though the composition appears to be 17. Marked reduction in Liver and cancer
almost similar to other Rasa yogas, of
Parpati is particularly indicated in 18. Blood in Anemia.
Grahani, pravahika etc… 19. Naturally supplements Vit, Minerals,
Specialty of this preparation is enzymes
where the liquefied kajjali is poured in a 20. Abundant, Non toxic, may be life
Rambha patra , Eranda leaves and saving.
covered with another leaf and pressed ,
here the leaves that are specified are Role of Parpati in Grahani:
green in color and rich in chlorophyll. Grahani can be considered to be a
Because of the heat, the chlorophyll gets syndrome with persistent chronic
absorbed into the formulation and exerts diarrohea as the predominant feature. Its
therapeutic effects on human systems etiopathogenesis includes the main
especially on G.I.T. etiological factor as taking of non
The effects of chlorophyll are: beneficial diet by persons recovering from
Green leaves contain Chlorophyll diarrohea with poor digestive capacity.
(C55H70O6N4Mg) The clinical features includes frequent
a). Carotene : Orange passage of stools of irregular consistency
b). Xanthophyll : Yellow most of the time liquid, but some times
c). Chlorophyll A : Blue Green

121
 Published online in http://ijam.co.in
ISSN: 0976-5921
International Journal of Ayurvedic Medicine, 2010, 1(3), 118-128

well found containing undigested food

matter, with pain and foul smell.
Mandagni is mainly responsible for Matra and Prayoga:
causing Grahani roga. Hence restoration The Parpati prayoga is of 2 types
of Agni is the principle concern in the i.e., Samanya prayoga and Kalpa or
management of Grahani roga. The process Vardamana prayoga.
of Parpati preparation is a samskara
provided through Agni. With the contact Samanya Prayoga:
of Agni, Usnaguna and deepana properties In Samanya Prayoga, Parpati is
responsible for increasing the appetite are given in a dose of 1-2 Ratti mixed with
derived. By the alleviation of the vitiated fried Jeerak and Hingu in divided doses. In
vayu the main symptom i.e. Atipravritti of these prayoga, dieteric restrictions is not
mala gets converted to Samyak parvritti. necessary, in case of Unmada and
By the deepana, pachana and usna Apasmara the starting dose mentioned is 8
properties of the drugs the intestinal ducts gunja per a day.
are opened and properly digested poshak
Rasa absorption gets started. Due to the Kalpa Prayoga / Vardamana prayoga:
lack of proper nutrition, Pandu, Svayathu, 1. Start with dose of 2 Ratti (250 mg) and
Gulma, Jalodar etc. associated symptoms increase it gradually up to 10 Ratti
arise in Grahani. Deepan and grahi (R.T. 6/143)
property of Parpati improves absorption of 2. According to Chakrapani it should be
nutritive materials and supplementation of started in the dose of 2 ratti (250 mg)
Iron, Copper etc. gradually relieves the and increased gradually up to 12 Ratti.
associated symptoms. (C.D.4/87)
3. In Kalpa Prayoga, Parpati should be
Anupana: administered in 2 Ratti dose initially
Honey, Ghee, Milk, Buttermilk, and increase it by 1 Ratti daily or
Fried jeeraka, sugar and Dadima swaRasa alternate days till 10 Ratti dose per day
are indicated. is reached. This dose should be
continued till the disease is cured and
Applied Therapeutic Aspect of Parpati: thereafter the dose may be reduced by 1
1. The Parpati used to get rid of all sorts Ratti daily till it becomes 2 Ratti. Then
of diseases starting from childhood to the treatment may be stopped. This is a
old age (R.R.S. 11/82). common procedure to be followed for
2. According to Chakrapanidatta, the all types of Parpati while using as
Rasa Parpati is famous for alleviating Kalpa Prayoga.
Grahani, kshaya, Arsa and Ajirna ( It takes 40 days for a Kalpa Prayoga in
C.D.4/90 ) the above mentioned way. Depending
3. According to Rasa Tarangini, Parpati upon the severity of disease and strength
is useful in the treatment of following of the patient, it can be used for 36 days,
diseases: 40 days, 60 days or 96 days. This
Grahani,Arsha,Kshaya,Kamala,Kasa, 36/40/60/96 day’s prayoga period is called
Pandu with Svayathu, Jalodara, Mandal/Chakra. The quantity of Parpati
Bhasmaka, Gulma, 18 types of consumed when used for 36 days chakra is
Kushta, Atisara, Pliha, Matibhrama, 188 Ratti, for 40 days 310 Ratti, 60 days –
Amavata, Daha, Amlapitta, Jwara, 480 Ratti, 90 days – 768 Ratti. The type
Vridha dosha, Sotha and it is of mandal to be used will be decided by
Vrishya.(R.T.6/140-142) the physician. If needed, it can be
repeated for 2, 3 or more times.

122
 Published online in http://ijam.co.in
ISSN: 0976-5921
Murali Krishna et al., A Prospective Study of Parpati Kalpana

Pathya and Apathya: Details of Panchamrit Parpati:

1. Pathya: Mercury (Parada), Sulphur
Kakamachi, Patola, Pugiphal, (Gandhaka), Mica (Abraka), Iron (Loha),
Ardrak, Vastuka, Kadalipuspha, Brinjal Copper (Tamra) are the five constituents
(black and without seeds), old shalidhanya, of Panchamrit Parpati as described by
Godugdha with sarkara are considered Dunduka Nath in 14th A.D. in Resendra
congenial during Parpati prayoga Chintamani. The same has been adopted
(R.T.6/155). by later workers i.e. Govind das etc. This
2. Apathya: is the popular Panchamarit Parpati of
a. One should not drink river water or today however the word Panchamrit was
well water immediately for quenching the coined earily by Bindu in Rasa padhati.
thirst during Parpati Kalpana therapy as it Constituents of Panchamrita Parpati are
leads to production of disease or increase only four according to him. It does not
the severity of disease. Patient is advised contain iron but in place of it sulphur is
to drink plenty of butter milk. (R.T. 6/154) used in double quantity. Lolumbaraj (16th
b. During Parpati prayoga following A.D.) has also described only four
things are contraindicated. Amla sevana, constituents. In this Panchamrit Parpati,
Snan(bathing) with cold water, cool breeze instead of Tamra, Gandhaka has been used
( sita vayu sevana) anger, chinta, usna in double quantity. Vidyapati (17thA.D.)
dravya sevena, tikta dravyas like Nimba, completely changed the constituents of
Guda (Jaggery), Anupa mamsa, stree Panchamrit Parpati. According to him,
sambhasana (R.T. 6/161) Naga and Vanga Bhasma are added in
According to Chakrapani on in take of place of Loha and Abraka. Later Pandit
drug after 1 ½ hr. the patient should chew Hariprapanna shahtri has complied nine
profuse quantity of betel nut in a day. On varieties of Panchamarit Parapati in
3rd day patient is allowed to take meat, Rasyoga Sagar. There are little variations
ghee, milk and avoid vidahi, sexual in many of them but the fourth type is
intercourse, banana root, mustard oil, quite different which contains Swarna,
small fish and aquatic birds. The patient Rajita, Tamra, Loha, Naga Vanga, Abraka,
should take water after waking up in early Gandhaka and Mercury. Thus it contains
morning (C.D.4/91-92). maximum numbers of ingredients,
however, the name Panchamrit Parpati is
Use of Parpati in diseases along with retained which denotes only five
Anupana: constituents. It has been also treated by
1. Unmada – Rasna mool churna and several other drugs of herbal and minerals
Goghrita. origin. It is most obvious from this attempt
2. Apasmar – Brahmi swaras and Trikatu that the Rasayanacharyas wanted to
churna increases the potency or to widen the range
3. SanGrahani – Sweta Jeeraka Churna of efficacy by adding several new
and Hingu. ingredients from time to time.
4. Udara soola – Oil of Eranda beeja The Panchamrita Parpati (Fourth
5. Pandu with sotha – Guggulu churna type) which is described in Rasayoga
6. Kustha – Nimba panchanga, Bakuchi sagar was subject to Crystallography study
and Bhringaraj churna in the department of Physics, Banaras
7. Vatajwara – Dasmool Kwatha Hindu University,Varanasi, for scientific
8. Kasa – Trikatu Churna ( R.T.6/14 – study under the supervision of
153) Dr.O.N.Srivasatava, Reader Dept.of

123
 Published online in http://ijam.co.in
ISSN: 0976-5921
International Journal of Ayurvedic Medicine, 2010, 1(3), 118-128

Physics, Banaras Hindu From the above reports it is seen

University,Varanasi. His refererence is that the metal from different compounds is
here with mentioned.... a mixture Substances. Those which remain
“The sample is certainly crystalline in crystal form are only traceable. By this
as clear cut powder lines are visible. In the method, for others, other technique has to
pattern of lines, evidence for the presence be adopted. Of course the conversion of
of f.c.c elements can clearly be seen, the metal into other forms by this process has
lines are of course little broad. This would much importance from the point of view of
indicate that the following elements are penetration in the wall of the Gut and
present. adsorption in the system. For the study on
Gold [Au] this line, it is suggested to throw sufficient
Silver [Ag] light on the constitution of the type of
Copper [Cu] Parpati.
The line other than those following The dose of Panchamrita Parpati is
the f.c.c pattern is N [h2+K2+I2] =3, 4, 8, as usual except the last one which has been
11……. Are rather too many indicating presented to be taken in the does of 125
that this belongs to a system other than? mg only. Regarding indications,
These would most probably come from the Panchamrita Parpati is supposed to be
element Tin. Thus besides the above three used for Dyspepsia, Mal absorption
elements Tin is also thought to be present. syndrome, chronic Cough, Haemoptysis,
The presence of other possible elements is Tuberculosis, Arthritis and Skin disorders.
not proved, based on the present powder.
X-Ray diffraction pattern”.

Tabular representation of details of different types of Panchamrita Parpati in different

classics:

S.N Typ of Ingrediants with Dose & Indications Textual

o Rasa Quantity Anupana References
Parpati
1 Panchamr SuddhaParada - 4 2-2- Ratti Grahani, Rasendra
ita Masha Ghee, Aruchi, SaRasangraha,
Parpati SuddhaGandhak- 8 Milk, Chardi, Rasa
Masha Madhu Dusta Arsas, Chandamsu,
LohaBhasma - 2 Atisara, Bhaisajya
Masha Raktapitta Ratnavali,
AbhrakBhasma - 1 Rasa
Masha Tamra Chintamani,
Bhasma - 4 Ratti Vaidya Kalpe
drum,
Rasa
Ratnakara,
Rasaraj Sundar,
Rasendra
Kalpadruma,
Rasa
Kamadhenu,
Yogi
Maharnava,

124
 Published online in http://ijam.co.in
ISSN: 0976-5921
Murali Krishna et al., A Prospective Study of Parpati Kalpana

Rasajalanidhi,
02 Panchamr Suddha Parada - 2-2-Ratti Kusta Chikitsakrama
ita 1Pala Ghee, Kalpavalli
Parpati SuddhaGandhaka - Madhu,
1Karsa Bakuchi
TamraBhasma -1 Kashaya
Pala
Parada Bhasma - 1
Pala Shodhita
Vatsanabi - 1 Pala
03 Panchamr Suddha Gandhaka - 2-2- Ratti Kasa, Atisara, Chikitsa Sara,
ita 2 Parts Abhraka Jwara, Kamala, RasaVaidya
Parpati Bhasma - 2 Parts Pandu, Prameha Chandrodaya
Suddha Parada - 1
Part
Loha Bhasma - 1
Part
Tamra Bhasma - 1
Part
04 Panchamr Swarna Bhasma - 1 1 Ratti Rajayakshma Swas, RasaRatna
ita Karsa Kasa Visuchika, Samuchaya
Parpati Rajitha Bhasma - 2 Prameha Aruchi Rasaraja
Karsa Sundara
Tamra Bhasma -3
Karsa
Abhraka Satvam - 5
Karsa
KantalohaBhasma-
5 Karsa
Nagavanga Bhasma
- 4 Mash
Suddha Gandhaka -
4 Karsa
Suddha Manashila -
4 Karsa
Suddha Haratala -4
Karsa
Suddha Parada - 10
Karsa Suddha
Gandhaka - 20
Karsa
05 Panchamr Tamra Bhasma - 3-3-Ratti Agnimandya Rasavatara
ita 1Part Ghee, Swasa, Narayana Vilas
Parpati Loha Bhasma - 1 Madhu Kshaya
Part
Suddha Gandhaka -
1Part
Suddha Parada -
1Part

125
 Published online in http://ijam.co.in
ISSN: 0976-5921
International Journal of Ayurvedic Medicine, 2010, 1(3), 118-128

Sonamukhi - 1 Part
06 Panchamr Suddha Parada - 3-3-Ratti Mandagni, Rasavatara
ita 1Part Ghee, Atisara,Grahani,Ka
Parpati Suddha Gandhaka - Milk mala, Pandu, Kusta,
1 Part Pleeha
Suddha Tamra Gulma,Shotha,
Bhasma - 1Part Amavata,Jalodara
SuddhaAbhrakaBh
asma -1Part
Suddha Loha
Bhasma - 2Part

7 Panchamr Suddha Parada - 3-3- Ratti Jeerna Jwara, Rasaraja

ita 1Part Gomutra, Atisara, Kasa, Sundar
Parpati Loha Bhasma - 1 Kamala, Vaidya
Part Pandu, Prameha Darpana
Abhraka Bhasma- Rasa Kaumudi
1Part Rasa Ratna
Tamra Bhasma - Manimala
1Part Rasa Pradeep
Suddha Gandhaka - RasayanaKhan
2 Part dam
VaidyaChintam
ani
RasaMuktavali
Yogichandrika
Rasapaddati
Rasa Parijatha
Nighantu
Ratnakara
08 Panchamr Tamra Bhasma - 6-6-Ratti Kasa, Vaidya
ita 1Part Pippali, Kshaya,Grahani Rahasyam,
Parpati Naga Bhasma -1 Madhu Arsas Rasavatar,
Part Rasa
Loha Bhasma -1 Kamadhenu,
Part Rasa Bhed
Vanga Bhasma - Chandrodaya,
1Part Yoga
Suddha Parada - Chandrika,
1Part
Suddha Gandhaka -
10 Part
09 Panchamr Tamra Bhasma - 1 1-1- Ratti Samasta roga Rasendra Kalpa
ita Part Madhu drum
Parpati Abhraka Bhasma -
1Part
Shanka Bhasma -
1Part

126
 Published online in http://ijam.co.in
ISSN: 0976-5921
Murali Krishna et al., A Prospective Study of Parpati Kalpana

Parada Bhasma - 1
Part
Parada Bhasma - 1
Part
Suddha Gandhaka
- 4 Part
10 Panchamr Suddha Parada – 1 1–3 Atisara, Grahani Siddha yoga
ita part Suddha Ratti, Pandu, Aruchi, Sula Sangraham
Parpati Gandhaka – 4 Parts Jeeraka,
Loha Bhasma – 1 Madhu,
Part Buttermil
Tamra Bhasma – 1 k
Part DadimaRa
Abhraka Bhasma – sa
1 Part
11 Panchamr Suddha Parada – 2 1 – 3 Ratti Ama and Rakta Yoga Ratnakara
ita part Jeeraka, yukta Pravahika
Parpati Suddha Gandhaka Madhu,
– 8 Parts Buttermil
Loha Bhasma – 2 k
Part
Tamra Bhasma – 2
Part
Abraka Bhasma – 1
Part

Conclusion: ingredients i.e. if five ingredients are there

There are several types of scaly then it is Panchamrita Parpati and seven
preparations of Mercury viz, Pranada, ingredients then it is Saptamrita Parpati.
Chandramitra, Unmada, Kushthanta, Bola Few names have been also proposed on the
and Abhra Parpati etc, where mercury and basis of their special indications and
Sulphur has been used as the base and one efficacy i.e. Kusthanta Parpati which is
another substances have been added to useful in Kushta disease .
have different action. In addition, there are A great variation is observed
some scaly preparations which does not regarding the ingredient in the same
contain Mercury and Sulphur, i.e Shweta Parpati for example Panchamrit Parpati
Parpati and Malla Parpati, these are also alone has been described to be of nine
grouped under Parpati preparations types as described by Vaidya
because these are used in scaly form. Hariprapanna Sharma in Rasayoga Sagar.
It is obvious from the perusal of the So it becomes a necessity of a user to give
above description that more scale the full reference of the Parpati before
preparations of mercury have been used. trial & not only the name. The evolution of
Nomenclature of the Parpati is done Parpati preparation which started from
mainly after the chief ingredient added to Chakrapani is a continuous process.
Rasa parapti , for example if iron is added Probably the peak was in 18th A.D. and the
then it is called Lauha Parpati and if preparation seems to be stabilized in that
copper is added, it is Tamra Parpati etc. era. In the 20th A.D. probably with the
Few formulations were nomenclatured development of modern medicine in our
basing upon number of the chief country, there was a general set back in

127
 Published online in http://ijam.co.in
ISSN: 0976-5921
International Journal of Ayurvedic Medicine, 2010, 1(3), 118-128

our early stages. So no further

development is observed. Of course, with References:
incorporation of new technology a clinical 1. Mishra Siddhinandan. Rasa Prakasha
study is more possible than ever which Sudhakara of Acharya Yashodhara.
may start new era as a whole and use of Third Edition. Varanasi; Chaukamba
Parpati in particular. Orientalia; 2004
Regarding the ingredients of every 2. Mishra Siddhinandan, Rasa paddhati
Parpati Kalpana, Mercury and Sulphur are of Bindu Acharya. First Edition.
the primary ingredients. Later on Iron, Varanasi; Chaukamba Orientalia;
Copper, Tin, Zinc, Lead, Silver and Gold 1987
have been added out of the metals from 3. Mishra Siddhinandan. Rasendra
time to time in different preparations. In chintamani of Dundukanatha Acharya.
addition precious stones and Jewels i.e. 2006; Chaukamba Orientalia,
Diamond, Pearl, Ruby, Neelam etc. have Varanasi.
been also included as ingredients of the 4. Dvivedi Vasudev Mulashankar,
Parpati. Parada vijnaneeyam; First Edition
A large number of herbs have been 1969; Sharma Ayurveda Mandir,
also used as ingredients in the preparation Varanasi.
of different Parpatis having special 5. Anonymous, Rasendra mangala of
indication. Most commonly used herbals Nagarjuna, First Edition; Varanasi;
are Trikatu, Bhringraja, Shigru, Nirgundi, Chaukamba Orientalia.
Chitraka, Zeeraka, Dhatura, Bakuchi, 6. Pandit Dwivedi Vishwanath, Rasendra
Vacha, Kupilu SwaRasa or docoction. In Sambhava, First Edition, Varanasi;
addition to that many herbs have been Krishna das Academy, 1997.
advised to be taken as Anupana depending 7. Mishra Siddhinandan, Rasa
upon the disease to be treated. chintamani of Shri Devasuri Ananta;
The therapeutic action of Parpati is First Edition; Kashi Ayurveda
concerned, basically it has been Granthamala, Chaukamba Publishers,
recommended for the ailment of the G.I.T Varanasi.
e.g. Agnimandya, Amlapitta, Atisara, 8. Shri Harisharanananda Ji, Kupipakwa
Grahani and worms of G.I.T. However, Rasa nirmana vijnana; First Edition
with the addition of few minerals and 2000; Chaukamba Sanskrit Series,
herbs it has been indicated for the disease Varanasi.
of haemopitic system, respiratory system, 9. Mishra Gulrajsharma. Ayurveda
uro-genital system and metabolic prakasha of Shri Madhava Acharya.
disorders. It has been also claimed to be Varanasi; Chaukamba Bharati
useful for every disease if used with Academy; 1999.
different type of Anupana. 10. Tripathi Indra Deva, Rasa Ratna
Samucchaya of Vagbhatta Acharya;
Delhi. Chaukamba Sanskrit
Sanshthan; 2000.
11. Joshi Damodar, Rasamritam of
Yadavji Trikamji Acharya. First
Edition. Varanasi; Chaukamba
Sanskrit Bhavan; 1998.

******

128