SYLLABUS FOR LECTURER 10+2 ZOOLOGY
I. CYTOGENETICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY/CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY / CELL
BIOLOGY AND CYTOGENETICS
(A) Structure and Functions of Cell and Cell differentiation:
1. Plasma membrane and cell permeability.
2. Nucleus: morphological organization, nucleolus.
3. Biochemical composition, structure and types of chromosomes.
4. Molecular Biology of Genes.
5. The Genetic code and protein biosynthesis.
(B) Human Cytogenetics/Principles of Human Genetics
1. Biology of cells; effect of radiation on cancer cells and carcinogens.
2. Biochemical Mutations; chromosomal anomalies and human disorders.
3. Sex determination; history, chromosomal theory.
4. Sex linked inheritance; sex linked inheritance in Drosophila and man colour
blindness, y-chromosome inheritance.
II. ANIMAL BEHA VIOUR/AN INTRODUCTORY COURSE ON ETHOLOGY.
1. Migration, orientation types and Navigation.
2. Parental Behaviour- Reproductive Behaviour/Sexual selection.
3. Methods of communication.
4. Social organisation / Agression and its type.
(a) Territoriality, (b) Hierarchy (c) Completion.
5. Learning behaviour and types of learning.
(i) Habituation
(ii) Classical conolioning
iii) Instrumental conditioning
iv) Imprinting
III. SYSTEMATICS AND EVOLUTION
1. Taxonomic collections, characters and methods of identification.
2. Theories of biological classification.
3. Sympatric: allopatric and Parapatric species.
4. Species concept and type concept.
5. Interspecific categories., Variations and their importance.
6. Isolation and speciation
7. Evolution of man.
IV. ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY /ECOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENT BIOLOGY
1. Ecosystem study:
a) Concept
b) Circulation of water in Ecosystem/hydrological cycles.
c) Cycling of matter in ecosystem- Nitrogen and Phosphorous cycles
(Bio-geochemical cycles: C.P.N. cycles).
d) Primary and Secondary productivity.
e) Energy flow in different ecosystems.
f) Air pollution, land and soil pollution, their control measures.
Limnology
1. History, scope, water as a medium.
2. Light and its fate in water.
3. Temperature including thermal stratification/Fate of heat in water.
4. Dissolved gases in water-Oxygen
5. Inorganic carbon in water - pH alkalinity and free carbon dioxide.
6. Nutrients
7. Plankton
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8. Eutrophication.
9. Aquatic Pollution
i) Sources and kinds
ii) Effect of pollution on physico-chemical characteristics of water.
iii) Effects of pollution on biota.
V. WILDLIFE ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT/WILDLIFE BIOLOLGY, CONSERVATION AND
MANAGEMENT.
1. Ecological zones of lndia/Distribution of wildlife in India.
2. Wildlife of J and K - Status/detailed account.
3. Methods/Techniques of studying wildlife.
4. Measures for wildlife protection, conservation and control.
5. Sanctuaries, National parks- and their characteristic wildlife.
VI. DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY AND COMPARATIE ANATOMY/ REPRODUCTIVE AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
1. Development and differentiation of spermatozoa and egg-spermatogenesis and oogenesis.
2. Mechanism of Fertilization; approach of spermatozoa to the egg and reaction of the egg- Recognition between male
and female gamete, Acrosome reaction of sperm and corticle reaction of egg.
3. Vitellogenesis
4. Cleavage
i) Pattern of cleavage.
ii) Gastrulation.
iii) Embryological significance of three germ layers
iv) Fatemaps.
5. Development and Organogenesis of chick
i) Early development- Brain, spinal cord and eye; Heart.
ii) Excretary organism.
6. Manstrual cycle.
VII. PHYSIOLOGY AND ENDOCRINOLOGY/ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY
1. Nutrition
i) Animal food, composition, feeding types, intracellular and extra cellular digestion.
ii) Digestive enzymes and their functions.
iii) Absorption from Gastro intestimal tract (GIT) and assiminilation.
2. Respiration and Excretion
i) Respiratory mechanism
ii) Excretal physiology
3. Blood vascular system and Nervous system
i) Vertebrate heart, and its working
ii) Electric activity/Electro-cardiogram
iii) Heart beat/rate, cardiac output
iv) Blood- Composition, volume, functions
v) Blood coagulation.
vi) Control of cardio-vascular functions.
vii) Physiology of muscle contraction
viii) Physiology of nerve iimpulse
VIII. ICHTHYOLOGY
i) Introduction, History, classification
ii) Geographical distribution
iii) Hill stream fishes adaptions
iv) Deep sea fishes
v) Fish skeleton-Exoskeleton and Endoskeleton.
vi) Origin of fins in fishes
vii) Osmoregulation
viii) Blood vascular system
ix) Electric organs
x) Bioluminiscence
xi) Fish posions/Venom.
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