sr The NewScience la

WEAPONLESS
~r>p
J_/ pip
L—/ x J_j 1M op
_

Pro/.F.S.LewiX
 Dewitt & snelunq

TWO STORES 160& telegraph ave.

820 FOURTEENTH ST
OAKLAND, CAL-
Prof. FRANK S. LEWIS

January / 906
 THE NEW SCIENCE

Weaponless Defense

Edited and Published by

PROF. FRANK S. LEWIS

438 S. Spring St.

LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA

Illustrations by

PROF. LEWIS, TOMMY BURNS, heavy weight boxing

champion, and WILLIAM V. GREGORY,
middle wei|;ht wrestler
 Copyright, 1906,
by
FRANK S. LEWIS
 INTRODUCTION 5

I T is the mission of this volume to present clearly

and concisely as complete a system of WEAP¬
ONLESS DEFENSE as possible. Being well
aware of the difficulty of teaching this art on paper, I
will endeavor to use a simplicity of language that can
bo readily understood, relying on the style and num¬
ber of engravings to give the student a good knowledge
of how to protect him or herself against one or more
assailants, armed or otherwise, without having to re¬
sort to the use of a weapon. Also how to protect a
friend from assault or from himself, as the case may
require.
THIS KNOWLEDGE put into practice throughout
this broad land would undoubtedly, every day, re¬
sult in the prevention of some ease of murder or man¬
slaughter, justifiable or otherwise, and will leave the
sunshine in many and many an honest home that
would otherwise forever be blotted out by the hasty
act of some father, son or brother, who if they do
not suffer the death penalty, will go to prison as the
result of their hasty actions and the too convenient
revolver or knife.
It is the boasted advertisement of the revolver
manufacturer that his weapon makes all of one size.
SO DOES SIX FEET OF EARTH. Think of the
loss to the world every day through deaths, and the
sorrow incurred through the use of this evener of
size, and then the facts will come home to you that
what is required, is a universal knowledge of this
GREAT WEAPONLESS DEFENSE.
6 INTRODUCTION

WHAT IT CONSISTS OF.

WEAPONLESS DEFENSE is an exact science

comprised of the two great defensive sciences, Boxing
and Wrestling. It is Boxing and Wrestling combined.
It is so arranged that you can oppose a blow with a
fall, in the same time that the Boxer would take to
counter. If you throw an adversary to the door you
have much more advantage than if he remained stand¬
ing. Besides the majority of the holds render an op¬
ponent powerless to offer resistance. It also permits
your hitting your opponent when opportunity oc¬
curs. The good Boxer is “up against it” when he
gets in a street dglit with the good Wrestler. Yet
both are at a decided disadvantage. The Wrestler is
liable to receive a bloody nose or a discolored optic
before he succeeds in securing his hold on a good Box¬
er. This once done, however, there is only one re¬
sult, the Boxer is at the mercy of his more sturdy op¬
ponent who can easily force submission. On the other
hand, if the Boxer has a practical knowledge of the
high falls and leverage holds taught in th NEW
SCIENCE, he should readily defeat the Wrestler,
and if the Wrestler has acquired a knowledge of Box¬
ing, they would be on an even footing. So you see
that a thorough knowledge of the NEW SCIENCE
makes one man equal to two good ones, and two good
ones, along these respective lines, would do much exe¬
cution in an uneducated crowd.
1 he Japanese claim that one Jiu-Jitsu expert can
defeat several men. If so the NEW SCIENCE ex-
 INTRODUCTION 7

pert should be able to defeat several more men, as

he has the added advantage of being a good Boxer.
THIS SCIENCE also teaches how to disarm an
assailant, how to take away a stick, knife or revolver,
without injury to yourself or any one else, except
some discomfiture to the assailant. It also teaches
how and where to locate the weak spots in an oppon¬
ent's body, where a blow or sudden pressure will have
most effect. But most important is the knowledge of
leverage that the pupil acquires. You secure a hold
in such a way that you make your opponent work on
the short end of the lever, while you have the long
end. Thus the little man with a good knowledge of
THIS DEFENSE is more than the equal of the
Giant without it.
Many of those leverage holds are most important to
the Police or other officers, and if known by them the
unpleasant practice of clubbing some unwilling vic¬
tim into submission will be avoided.
Many of the carrying holds will fie found useful
to the fire laddie in handling helpless people, whilst
making descents with them down ladders or other dan¬
gerous places, or to the ambulance crops in carrying
invalids or insensible people.
THIS DEFENSE also teaches methods of vivifica-
tion by which a person can be brought back to con¬
sciousness in the shortest time possible.

BOXING.
HISTORY tells us that the Jewish Patriarchs were
the very first to encourage Boxing. Human nature is
nothing if not aggressive, and even the Jews, always
8 INTRODUCTION

the most peaceable of people, had token to reducing

their numbers by the.use of the knife, to such an ex¬
tent, that the Chiefs introduced Boxing as a method
to settle their family embroilios and save their lives.
That the art prospered with the Jews is plain, as they
were the first to introduce it into England, and even
today the Jews are amongst the very first' exponents
of the art in this country.
The Anglo Saxon and the Celt, with their natural
love for fair play and desire for bloodless warfare,
soon took up the Jewish system of settling their dis¬
putes, and Boxing prospered under their patronage to
such an extent that it was placed under rules, and
competitors often boxed for prizes. These rules
were known as the London Prize Ring, and this marks
the era of ring champions. Later the rules were modi¬
fied and called after the Marquis of Queensberry, a
noted patron of the sport. They still bear his name
and are yet in use.
The English introduced Boxing into this country,
where it is greatly appreciated and receives the most
liberal patronage and we hold, practically, all of the
Boxing Championships.

WRESTLING.

WRESTLING is one of the oldest sports known to

antiquity. It was an art amongst the ancient Egypt¬
ians. Plates found on Homer’s tomb illustrates over
three hundred different positions which would be
“Catch as Catch Can” style of today. In the days
of Rome’s greatness Plutarch asserts that Wrestling
 INTRODUCTION 9

was given first place in the three Gymic games, name¬

ly, Wrestling, Boxing and Foot-racing. It is general¬
ly supposed that the Romans introduced it into Eng¬
land. But it is safe to say that Wrestling like Box¬
ing, in the noble, manly and humane practice of the
sport, is of Saxon, Celtic and Gallic origin. Like
Boxing, the English introduced Wrestling into this
country, and to a knowledge of Wrestling and Box¬
ing in the education of our youths, the practice of
which strengthens the mind and body and builds up
a manly courage, that, makes them disdain to resort to
atrocities as practiced by other nations amongst whom
these sports are unknown, to that practice we owe
much of the noble courage that elevates the English
speaking people, and which stern, impartial and logi¬
cal minds must recognize as the proudest attribute of
our AMERICAN CHARACTER.

AS AN EXERCISE.

The practice of the NEW SCIENCE is the finest,

possible. Every muscle of the entire body is brought
into play. It cultivates grace, activity, endurance
and strength. And the practice not only improves
and develops the muscular system, but regulates the
functions of the organism and refines the senses,
giving greatly increased strength, steady nerves and
cheerfulness. It is a most interesting study, as it
requires a greater amount of judging than any other
branch of athletics. It is also the greatest possible
developer of hardihood, courage and cool determina¬
tion.
10 INTRODUCTION

In entering upon the practice of the NEW

SCIENCE the following suggestions will be found
beneficial. Secure, if possible, the services of a com¬
petent instructor, if not in your locality, get an active
even tempered companion as near your own height
and weight as possible. Provide a set of good boxing
gloves, also a good gymnasium or lawn tennis shoe.
Assume your proper position on guard, look your
opponent squarely in the eye and avoid showing by
an expression of the face or glance of the eye when or
where you intend to hit or clinch. Keep the eyes
open and the teeth firmly closed, breathing through
the nostrils. Never bite the lips or put the tongue
between the teeth. Never drop the hands unless out
of distance. In practice do not repeat the same move¬
ment twice in. succession. Do not be impetuous, try
to out general and out point your opponent. Science
is superior to strength in this respect. If you drop
science and rush in, strength will surely win. Never
lose your temper, cool courage is superior to hot¬
headedness.
Never break into a rough, unmeaning scramble. Be
manly and seek no undue advantage.
 WEAPONLESS DEFENSE !1

Correct boxing position, as shown in Figure 1.

Stand with the feet from twelve to sixteen inches
apart, to suit the height. The left toe pointed in a
direct line with your opponent. Left knee vertical
with the instep. Right heel in line with, and behind
the left heel. The toe turned slightly out. The body
12 THE NEW SCIENCE

should be held erect, inclined a little forward. The

left arm should be held so that the left elbow passes
free and easy by the hip, the forearm pointing in a di¬
rect line to your opponent’s face, thumb on top and
■closed down over the first knuckles of the first and sec¬
ond finger. This rule also applies to closing the right
hand. The right hand should be carried so as the
heel of the hand covers the pit of the stomach, and be
held open except when striking a blow. Both elbows
should be kept as closely to the sides as possible. The
position of the head is very important. The chin
should be held well in, and the face turned partly to
the right, so as not to bring both eyes in a line with
your opponent’s left hand. Hold the head so that it
may be rapidly thrown to either side to avoid a blow.
This is one of the most advantageous methods of
avoiding a blow when countering. It is known as
head slipping. There is the slip to the right to
counter with the left hand at either face or body.
And the slip to the left to counter with the right hand
at either face or body. Another movement of the
head is called ducking. It consists of dropping the
head straight down, to avoid either a left or right
hand swing. At the same time countering with either
left or right swings to body. You should never duck
without hitting, as by so doing you are in danger of
your opponent’s upper cut. In practice the move¬
ments of the arm should be light and free. Never
cramp the muscles or compress the hands unless the
blow reaches the mark aimed for. Extra tension of
the muscles only serve to render the blow slow and
tire the arms. Cultivate speed in delivery, make the
 WEAPONLESS DEFENSE 13

hand reach the part aimed at in the'straightest possi¬

ble line without any intermission of time between the
thought and the blow. Make the most of the weight
of the body in preference to using the strength of
the arms. Always endeavor to get your blow home.
A sure lead is the best protection. Always hit with
the back of the hand. In delivering a straight left
hand lead to the face, have the thumb on top. In
delivering a left hand to the body have the
finger nails turned down. In delivering a straight
right to the face or body have thumb on top. In
delivering swings, to either head or body, have the
finger nails turned down. The same in delivering
a right hand cross counter. When delivering upper
•cuts have the linger nails turned up and in.
The Foot Chart.
 WEAPONLESS DEFENSE 15
FOOT CHART.
Figure No. 1 illustrates the correct position of the
feet when standng on guard.
Figure No. 2 illustrates the step forward to deliver
a left hand blow, lie sure to keep your right toe on
Ihe floor when hitting.
Figure No. 3 illustrates the step in and to the
left to deliver a right hand blow.
Figure No. 4 illustrates the slip to the right to
avoid your opponent’s rush or lead. First move your
left foot about sixteen inches to the right, following
with your right, 'then quickly face your opponent
by pivoting on your left toe, as shown in Figure No.
6.
Figure No. 5 illustrates side-stepping. Move your
right foot about twenty inches to the right, at the
same time shifting the weight of your body over
your right leg allowing your opponent’s lead to pass.
Immediately resume boxing position by swinging on
the toes facing your opponent.
Figure No. (i illustrates pivoting or circling, which
means to keep facing your opponent, no matter what
position he assumes. To do so keep moving to the
left, if possible, thus avoiding his right hand. Keep
the weight of your body poised over your left leg,
move the right foot the necessary distance to the
right, pivoting on the ball of the left foot. It is well
to practice the circling by quarters, being sure to have
your feet come in correct boxing position every time.
Then practice making the circle in two movements,
this will teach you to face your opponent quickly and
correctly after avoiding his rush, by either slipping
or side-stepping. One cannot get too much foot
practice. Good foot work is essential to become an
expert in the new science.
 16 THE NEW SCIENCE

figure No. L’ shows the guard for the left hand

lead to the face. To form this guard correctly, raise
the arm with the open palm turned out until you
can see your opponent’s eyes over your wrist. Hold
the elbow well down, catching the blow either on the
palm ol the hand or the fleshy part of the forearm,
lifting it up and out.
 WEAPONLESS DEFENSE 17

Figure No. 3 shows the left hand guard to a right

high blow to the face. To form this guard correctly,
raise the arm with the open palm turned out until
you can see your opponent’s eyes underneath your
wrist. Hold the elbow well down and catch the blow
on the fleshy part of the forearm, lifting it up and
out.
18 THE NEW SCIENCE

Figure No. 4 shows how to guard a left lead to the

body. To form this guard correctly, slightly raise
the elbow and turn the palm of the hand down an;l
out, catching the blow either on the wrist or fleshy
part of the forearm, turning it down and out.
 WEAPONLESS DEFENSE 1'.)

Figure No. 5 shows the guard for the right hand

lead for the body. To form this guard correctly,
slightly raise the elbow, turning the palm of the left
hand down and out, describing a small half circle.
Catch the blow on the palm of the hand or wrist,
turning it down and out.
20 THE NEW SCIENCE

Figure No. 6 illustrates what is known as a straight

left hand counter at the face. To form this move¬
ment correctly, use the right high guar l as illustrated
in Figure No. 2, at the same time step in and deliver
a straight left hand at your opponent’s face.
 WEAPONLESS DEFENSE 21

Figure No. 7 illustrates the right hand counter at the

face. To form this movement correctly, use the left
high guard as illustrated in Figure No. 3, at the
same time stepping in and delivering a straight right
hand blow at your opponent’s face.
> > THE NEW SCIENCE

Figure No. 8 illustrates what is termed straight left

hand counter at the body. To form this movement
correctly, oppose your opponent’s left lead with your
right high guard, and stepping in. deliver a straight
left hand blow to the pit of the stomach.
 WEAPONLESS DEFENSE 23

Figure No 9 illustrates what is known as the right

hand straight counter at the body. To form this
movement .correctly, oppose your opponent’s right
high lead with your left high guard, stepping in
simultaneously and delivering a right hand blow to the
pit of the stomach or heart.
 24 THE NEW SCIENCE

10

Figure No. 10 illustrates tlie duck and left hand

counter at the body. To form this movement correct¬
ly, duck down and to the right, allowing your oppo¬
nent’s lead to pass over your left shoulder, simultane¬
ously delivering a blow to his body with your left
hand. In making this delivery turn the finger nails
down, allowing the elbow and shoulder to re-inforce
the strength of the arm.
 WEAPONLESS DEFENSE 25

n
Figure No. 11 illustrates the duck and right hand
counter at the body. To form this movement cor¬
rectly, simultaneously with your opponent’s left
lead, move your left toe about fourteen inches to the
left, allowing his blow to pass over your right
shoulder. At the same time delivering a straight
right to the body.
26 THE' NEW SCIENCE

Figure No. 12 illustrates a right hand cross counter. To

form this movement correctly, simultaneously with your
opponent’s left high lead, head slip by turning your face to
the left and inclining your head over your left shoulder.
At the same time moving the left foot about twelve inches
to the left and delivering a right hand blow outside of his
arm at his jaw or neck. Great care must he taken in the
delivery of this blow. If you swing it you are liable to break
your hand on the top of your opponent’s head. The proper
way is to start the blow with the thumb up, when the hand
has reached the height of your shoulder turn the finger
nails down, causing the hand to cockscrew around your op¬
ponent’s arm and land flush on his jaw or neck.
 WEAPONLESS DEFENSE 27

13

Figure No. 13 illustrates a left hand inside .counter.

'1 o form this movement correctly, simultaneously with
your opponent’s left high lead, head slip by inclining
your head over your right shoulder. Step in and de¬
liver straight left at your opponent’s chin. This blow
can be followed up by a right hand cross counter as
your opponent withdraw his arm, move your foot to
the left suddenly.
 28 THE NEW SCIENCE

14

b ignre No. 14 illustrates a right hand counter, com¬

monly called the inside cross. To form this move¬
ment correctly, simultaneously with your oppenent’s
loft high lead turn your face to the left and move
the left, foot about fourteen inches in the same direc¬
tion, delivering a straight right hand to your oppo¬
nent’s face.
 WEAPONLESS DEFENSE 29

Figure No. 1^ illustrates the left hand upper cut. To

form this movement correctly, when your opponent
inclines his head forward step in and deliver a left
hand lifting blow to his chin. This blow can be used
as a counter to an opponent's lead by stepping to
either side as tlie case requires.
30 THE NEW SCIENCE

16

Figure No. 16 illustrates right hand upper cut. To

form this movement correctly, step inside of your
opponent’s left lead and deliver a right hand lifting
hlow to the chin. Upper cuts may also be used to the
body effectively if your opponent is in a bent forward
position.
 WEAPONLESS DEFENSE 31

17

Figure No. 17 illustrates left hook to the jaw. To

form this movement correctly, having feinted your
opponent into extending his left hand or drawing
back his right, step in suddenly and deliver a short
half arm swing to the jaw with your left. Be sure
and turn your finger nails down in the delivery of the
blow.
32 THE NEW SCIENCE

Figure No. 18 illustrates right hook to the jaw. To

form this movement corre.etly, having feinted your
opponent into drawing back his left hand, step in
suddenly and deliver a short half arm swing with
your right to his jaw, being sure to turn your finger
nails down in the delivery of the-blow.
 WEAPONLESS DEFENSE 33

19

Figure No. 19 illustrates left hand hook to the

body. To form this movement correctly, simultane¬
ously with your opponent’s left high lead, duck to the
right, allowing his blow to pass over your left shouder.
deliver a short left hand swing to the stomach.
34 THE NEW SCIENCE

20

Figure No. 20 illustrates a right hook to the body.

To form this movement correctly, duck under your
opponent’s right high swing, step in and deliver a
short right swing to the pit of the stomach.
 WEAPONLESS DEFENSE 35

Figure No. 21 illustrates an extension block to

right hand cross counter. Having feinted your oppo¬
nent into an attempt to cross .counter, suddenly move
your left hand out, catching him on the arm, just
above the elbow. You now stand ready to counter
his intended cross with a hard right to the face or
36 THE NEW SCIENCE

22
Figure Xo. 22 illustrates a left hand cross guard.
When your opponent delivers right hand blow at
your head, incline the body slightly backward allow¬
ing his blow to fall short. At the .same time striking
lum on the outside of the arm with your left hand.
This has the effect of throwing him off his position and
leaving him open to a hard right hand blow at the
lace or body.
 WEAPONLESS DEFENSE 37

Figure No. 23 illustrates another left hand cross

guard. When your opponent makes a straight left
hand lead at your face, oppose it with the palm of
your left hand striking his forearm just above the
wrist, pushing it over your right shoulder. Simul¬
taneously step in and deliver a hard right hand swing
to the spleen or kidneys.
38 THE NEW SCIENCE

24
Figure No. 24 illustrates right hand cross guard.
Oppose your opponent’s left hand lead at the head
with the palm of your right hand, pushing it over
your left shoulder. rI his has the effect of throwin
U C3

him open and leaving you in position to deliver

hard left hand blow at the face or body. By simul¬
taneously advancing the right foot you perform what
is known as tlie left shift, thus adding increased
strength to the blow.
 WEAPONLESS DEFKNSE 39

Figure No. 25. Avoid your opponent’s left lead

by head slipping, at the same time step in and to the
left with your left foot. Place the palm of your left
hand on your opponent ’s right hand or forearm thus
pinning it to his body. You now stand ready to
deliver a hard right hand cross counter to your oppo¬
nent’s jaw as he withdraws his arm.
 40 THE NEW SCIENCE

Figure No. 26. Oppose your opponent’s left lead

the same as in the previous exercise, simultaneously
pinning his right hand with your right hand. You
now stand ready to deliver a hard left hook or swing
to his jaw.
 WEAPONLESS DEFENSE 41

Figure No. 27 illustrates what is known as the

heart blow. 'When your opponent leads at your face
with his left hand, lift his left arm with your left
hand, stepping in deliver a hard right hand blow
over the heart.
42 THE NEW SCIENCE

28

Figure No. 28 illustrates a chop to the kidneys.

 WEAPONLESS DEFENSE 43

29

Figure No. 29 illustrates a kidney blow. Avoid

your opponent’s left lead by head slipping, at the
same time stepping in with your loft foot, simultane¬
ously delivering a hard right swing to the kidneys.
Have your finger nails turned down.
44 THE NEW SCIENCE

CO
Figure No. 30 illustrates what is known as slipping.
Head slip your opponent’s left high lead by turning
your face to the right and bending the body slightly
forward, simultaneously move your left foot, about
fifteen inches to the right, following it with your left.
1 his has the effect of letting your opponent go by.
immediately pivot on the ball of the left foot, facing
him in his new position. This movement can be used
effectively to avoid a rush or get out of a dangerous
corner.
 WEAPONLESS DEFENSE 45

31

Figure No. 31. Avoid your opponent’s right high

swing by swinging your body to the right and back¬
wards, shifting your weight onto your right foot. This
has the effect of making his blow fall short, and it
leaves you in position to deliver a hard right band re¬
turn at his face or body before he can recover.
 THE NEW SCIENCE

Figure No. 32 illustrates what is known as the safe¬

ty block. 1 his position is seldom used except when
,\ou are in a dazed or worried condition. Whilst in
1 his position it is almost impossible for your opponent
to deliver an effective blow.
 WEAPONLESS DEFENSE 47

33

Figure No. 33 illustrates the safest method of

coming out of a clinch. Grasp your opponent’s arms
from the insides just above the elbows push back on
his elbow, straightening your arms, you can then step
away safely and resume your boxing position.
 48 THE NEW SCIENCE

34
Position Attention
Figure No. 35 illustrates a very simple and very
effective throw. When your opponent strikes at your
lace with his left hand, oppose the blow with your
right high guard, as in figure two. Simultaneously
draw your right hand back, grasping his wrist secure¬
ly, suddenly step forward grasping him in the arm
pit with your left hand. At the same time placing
your left foot on his left foot, your heel on his instep
 WEAPONLESS DEFENSE 49

35
an4 toe turned out, now give a sudden pull bringing
his right hand down past your right hip, at the same
time swinging your body sideways. This will have
the effect of throwing him over on his hack. If his
blow should he delivered with his right hand, raise
your left high guard, and advance your right foot,
tin fall is just the same except the positions are re¬
versed.
50 THE NEW SCIENCE

36

Figure No. 36 is a continuation of No. 35. If your

opponent is exceptionally strong or heavy, and you
anticipate trouble in pulling him over, as you give
the pull drop to your right knee. This will have the
effect of tossing him over your left leg with ease.
 WEAPONLESS DEFENSE 51

37

Figure No. 37. When your opponent draws his

right hand back to strike, suddenly step in, grasp
Ins left wrist with your right hand, placing your left
on his left shoulder or collar. At the same time ad¬
vance your right foot. This has the effect of carry¬
ing your head over his left shoulder, thus avoiding
his blow.
52 THE NEW SCIENCE

38

Figure No. 38 illustrates t-lie finish of the throw.

Having secured position as in figure No. 37 suddenly
strike your opponent on the back of his leg with your
left heel, simultaneously pulling down and in on his
left arm and shoulder. When practicing this with a
friend be very careful as the fall is very sudden and
severe.
 WEAPON LESS DEFENSE 53

39

Figure No. 39. When your opponent draws back

his left hand to strike, step in suddenly, striking him
a hard back hand blow with your left hand or wrist
across the jaw or neck, simultaneously striking his
left heel with your left toe. This is known as the cross
trip and the suddenness of the movement makes it
a very effective fall. The same fall can be made by
using the right hand and right foot to strike and trip.
54 THE NEW SCIENCE

40

l1 igure No. 40. When your opponent strikes at

your face with his left hand, avoid the blow by duck-
*1;g to the right under his arm. At the same time
advance your right foot and grasp his right elbow
v. ith your left hand, thus avoiding his blow and plac¬
ing you in a position for the throw as illustrated in
Figure No. 41.
 WEAPONLESS DEFENSE 55

41

Figure No. 41. Now grasp your opponent around the

left thigh from behind, being sure to retain your hold
on his right elbow, lift and throw forward on his
head. This is known as the crotch and elbow throw.
56 THE NEW SCIENCE

42
Figure No. 42. When your opponent swings at
your head with his right hand, duck to the left under
his arm, at the same time advancing your right foot
outside of his left foot, grasping him around the
waist with your right arm and by the knee with your
left hand. Lift and throw over on his head and
shoulders. This is known as the cross buttock, and
is a very dangerous fall. Be very careful in practice.
 WEAPONLESS DEFENSE 57

43
Figure No. 43 illustrates a back buttock. Avoid
your opponent’s left lead by ducking under his arm
to the left, as illustrated in Figure No. 10. From
this position step or jump behind him, being sure to
keep your left foot in advance of the right, and simul¬
taneously grasping him around the waist with your
left arm. Now lift him across your left hip, as shown
in this Figure. Be careful in practice, as this is a
very high and dangerous throw.
 58 THE NEW SCIENCE

4t

Figure No. 44 illustrates the manner of avoidin

(q crtj

your opponent’s lead and duckin g in to secure a le^

hold.
 WEAPONLESS DEFENSE 59

Figure No. 45. When your opponent, leads or

swings at your head with either hand, suddenly bend
f< rward, catching him in the stomach with your head
and grasping him around the knee with both hands.
Lift and throw backwards.
30 THE NEW SCIENCE

46

Figure No. 46. Suddenly step in, grasp your oppo¬

nent's collar with your left hand and his* left thigh
from the inside with your right hand. Lift up on the
leg and press hack his head with your left forearm
against his throat. Throw backwards.
 WEAPONLESS DEFENSE 61

47

Figure No. 47. Avoid your opponent’s left high

lead by ducking under his arm to the left, at the same
time stoop low, grasping him back of the left instep
with your right hand and the right thigh, with your
left hand. Place your left foot behind his right heel.
Push and throw backwards.
 62 THE NEW SCIENCE

4S
Figure No. 48. This is what is known as the stiff
knee lift. Duck m close under your opponent’s high
lead simultaneously grasping him in the crotch with
your left, hand and placing your right hand against
1 is knee. In making the lift, keep your back straight
and you can easily throw your opponent over your
shoulder, or by pulling on the leg cause him to fall
on his back.
 WEAPONLESS DEFENSE 63

49
Figure No. 49 illustrates what is known as the crotch
and arm lock. Grasp your opponent’s left hand or
wrist with your right hand. Duck in, and under his
left arm, grasping him around the left thigh from
the inside. Pull down on his arm with your right
and lift with your left. In this position you can
easily lift an opponent twice your weight. You can
now either throw him backwards over your shoulder,
or forward onto his back, as you choose.
 64 THE NEW SCIENCE

50

Figiue No. 50 illustrates the front chancery and

bar lock. It can be used as a very effective block an 1
throw against your opponent’s attempted leg hold.
Shoot your right arm up underneath your opponent’s
left arm, placing your hand well across his back and
high up as possible. At the same time grasping him
around the head with your left arm. From this
position you can easily twist him over on his back.
 WEAPONLESS DEFENSE 65

51

Figure No. 51 illustrates the saddle lock. Suddenly

step in under your opponent’s right lead or swing.
Bend low, .shooting your right arm well up into his
crotch and grasping him around the small of the back
with your left arm. Lift and throw backwards.
 66 THE NEW SCIENCE

> .

52
Figuie Xo. 52 illustrates another dangerous back
throw. Having secured your opponent ’s right wrist
in your left hand, suddenly duck under the arm.
Secure his other wrist in your right hand. From this
position straighten up and throw him over your ba.ek.
It y ou east his wrist loose at the proper time he is
bound to fall on his head. Be verv careful in prac¬
tice.
 WEAPONLESS DEFENSE 67

53

Figure No. 53 illustrates the side chancery hold.

As shown in the illustration this can be use:l as a
choke hold, and belongs to the family of strangle
holds.
68 THE NEW SCIENCE

54

Figure No. 54 illustrates the chancery and hip

lock. Having secured your opponent's head, as in
Figure No. 53, suddenly step in with your right foot,
placing your hip underneath his body. Lift and throw
forward. This is a very effective fall.
 WEAPONLESS DEFENSE 69

Figure No. 55 illustrates break for the chancery hold.

When your opponent secures your head, as in Figure No.
53, grasp his right wrist with your right hand, straighten
up as much as possible, reach up with your left hand, grasp¬
ing him by the forehead. Pull on his head and arm. This
will effectively break the hold. If you continue to pull
back on your opponent’s head and retain your hold on his
wrist, you will force him to turn round in front of you.
This accomplished you will find you have secured a ham¬
mer lock from the front and front chancery on your oppo¬
nent.
70 THE NEW SCIENCE

56

Figure No. 56 illustrates the front liip lock.

Having gotten into a side position with your opponent,
grasp him around the body with your left arm and
his left wrist with your right hand. Place your hip
in front of him. Lift and throw him forward on his
head.
 WEAPONLESS DEFENSE 71

57

Figure No. 57 illustrates the back hip lock.

Having secured holds as in the previous illustration,
suddenly place your left hip behind your opponent.
Raise up his left arm. Lift and throw backwards.
72 THE NEW SCIENCE

Figure No. 58 illustrates a break for a body hold.

\v hen your opponent rushes in and grasps you around
the body with both hands, grasp his right elbow with
your left hand and his right collar with your right
hand. Press the forearm against his throat thus
forcing his head back and causing him to loosen his
arms.
 WEAPONLESS DEFENSE 73

59

Figure No. 59. Having succeeded in breaking your

opponent’s body hold, retain your hold on his arm,
swing in sideways, placing your right leg behind him.
Pull on his arm, throwing him over your leg side¬
ways. This is known as the flying roll, and is a very
effective fall. The same fall can be taken when your
opponent makes a high lead with either hand.
74 THE NEW SCIENCE

60
Figure No. 60 illustrates an effective break for the
body hold when your opponent has succeeded in lift¬
ing you off your feet. Pla.ee your right hand under¬
neath your opponent’s chin and your left on top of
his head. Twist and push backward on his head. If
a fall is made, you will land on top.
 WEAPONLESS DEFENSE 75

61
Figure No. 61 illustrates the head twist. Suddenly
step in between your opponent’s hands, place your
left hand on top of his head and your right under
his chin, give lbs head a sudden twist and push back¬
wards. If your opponent does not fall backwards,
this movement will have the effect of making an open¬
ing for a good hold. It is also a certain break for a
body hold.
76 THE NEW SCIENCE

62
Figure No. 62 illustrates one of the numerous ways of
seem ing the back hammer lock. When your opponent de¬
livers a left high lead, avoid it by stepping to the right. At
the same time raising your left high guard. Grasp your
opponent’s wrist with your left hand and his elbow with
your right hand. Pull down on the wrist and push up on
the elbow. Simultaneously stepping behind him. Now push
his hand up his back between the shoulders. This is one of
the most effective horns in wrestling, and if forced causes
great pain. It is easy to force submission with this hold.
 WEAPONLESS DEFENSE 77

63
Figure No. 63 illustrates another method of secur¬
ing a hammer lock. When your opponent uses a high
lead, suddenly grasp his wrist with both hands. Hold
the arm up and circle underneath it. Retain your
hold and force his hand well up his back. If you
hold the wrist tightly the arm receives a peculiar
twist that causes severe pain and probably dislocation.
Re very careful in practice.
78 THE NEW SCIENCE

64
Figure No. 64 illustrates yet another method of
hammer locking. Suddenly grasp your opponent’s
light hand with your right, across the back, bending
his hand down and in at the wrist, simultaneously
grasp his right elbow with your left hand, with your
thumb on top and the two first fingers pressing in on
the nerve just above the “funny bone.” Push back on
the hand and up on his elbow, and you will be sur¬
prised how easily you can force submission.
 WEAPONLESS DEFENSE 79

65
Figure No. 65 illustrates the hammer lock and half
Nelson hold. Having secured the hammer lock by the
methods described, secure the half Nelson by push¬
ing your hand up underneath your opponent’s free
arm, placing the hand on top of his head. Pull down
on the head and push up on the hammered arm, and
you will easily force him over on to his back.
80 THE NEW SCIENCE

66

Figure No. 66 illustrates another method of going

behind your opponent which is known as the drag
hold. Quickly grasp your opponent’s left wrist with
your right hand and his left elbow with your left
hand, giving him a sudden pull to the left and by you.
At the same time step behind him with your right
foot.
 WEAPONLESS DEFENSE 81

67
Figure No. 67 illustrates a fall taken from the drag
hold. Having succeeded in going behind your oppo¬
nent, retain jour hold on his left elbow, grasp his
other arm at the elbow and either place your foot
against, his or strike him back of the knee with your
knee, at the same time lurch your body forward.
This movement will have the effect of throwing him
on his fa.ce and leaving you in a position to secure any
of the submission holds.
82 THE NEW SCIENCE

68
Figure No. 68 illustrates the wrist half Nelson and
hip lock. Having passed behind your opponent as de¬
scribed, secure his right wrist with vour right hand
and the half Nelson with your left hand. Now place
your right hip in front of him. Lift and throw. This
is a very dangerous fall as he has no way of protecting
himself. Be very careful in practice.
 WEAPONLESS DEFENSE 83

69
Figure No. 69 illustrates the double Nelson.
Having passed behind your opponent, quickly reach
up under both arms and lock your hands on the back
of his head. By stepping to one side and pulling
jown on his head you can force him over on to his
back. This hold is considered so severe that it is
barred in all amateur mat contests.
84 THE NEW SCIENCE

70

Figure No. 70. This is almost a similar fall, and is

secured in the same way as Figure No. 67, except, that
you place your foot in front of your opponent’s
throwing him over your leg onto his face.
 WEAPONLESS DEFENSE 85

71
Figure No. 71 illustrates a blow at the base of the
brain. Having avoided your opponent’s left lead by
stepping to the right, grasp his arm with your left
hand, holding it on your left shoulder, simultaneously
deliver a right hand blow with the knuckles on the
back of your opponent’s neck. Be careful in prac¬
tice, as this blow often renders your opponent uncon¬
scious.
86 THE NEW SCIENCE

72
Figure No. 72. Quickly grasp' your opponent’s
right wrist with your right hand, lift his hand up
high and secure a half Nelson with your left hand.
Hold your left arm stiff and pull down on his right
across your arm. Be sure and keep the palm of his
hand turned up. You .can now force him to walk
along quietly.
This hold is a valuable one to the police officer.
 WEAPONLESS DEFENSE 87

73
Figure No. 73 illustrates the arm and cross collar
hold. This hold is secured in exactly the same man¬
ner as the preceding one, except that you grasp your
opponent’s collar high up with your left hand. This
is by far, the most convenient, of the police holds.
88 THE NEW SCIENCE

74
Figure No. 7-4. This is known as the Japanese
“Come Along.'" Grasp your opponent’s left hand with
your left hand, hold it in front of you with the palm
turned up. Now, wrap your right arm around his
left arm, grasping your left wrist. This has the
effect of keeping his left arm straight, and by press¬
ing down on the hand, you can induce him to accom¬
pany you without much parlance.
 WEAPONLESS DEFENSE 89

75
Figure No. 75. This is probably the most common
police grip used. The different methods of obtaining
it are explained in Figures No. 62, 63, and 64.
Having secured the hammer lock, hold it with your
left hand and grasp your opponent's shoulder with
your right hand. This prevents him from turning
round and by lifting up on his hammered arm, you
can force him to walk along peaceably in front of you.
90 THE NEW SCIENCE

76

Figure No. 76. Secure the hammer lock, by the

method described in Figure No. 64. Having pushed
your opponent’s arm behind him. hold it in that
position with your right hand, and push your left arm
up under his right forearm with your hand on top of
his shoulder. ^ ou can now release your right hand,
holding it free for emergencies and by retaining the
pressure upward on his arm with your left, can force
him to move along in a hurry.
 WEAPONLESS DEFENSE 91

Figure No. 77. This illustrates a very pretty an 1

effective throw. Avoid your opponent’s left
high lead by ducking to the right, at the same time
advancing your right foot. Grasp your opponent by
the left instep with both hands, quickly lift up his
foot behind, tossing him forward on his face.
92 THE NEW SCIENCE

78

Figure No. 78. Having thrown your opponent for¬

ward on his face, as previously described, retain your
grip on his foot and step over it with your right leg.
Now, by dropping on your left knee you secure a left
hammer lock as illustrated. In this position there is
no release for your opponent. Be very careful in
practice, as it is an easy matter to dislocate the knee
or hip. By grasping your opponent’s head and pull¬
ing him sideways whilst in this position, the spine can
be dislocated.
 WEAPONLESS DEFENSE 93

79

Figure No. 79 illustrates another submission hold.

Having thrown your opponent on his back by any of
the falls previously described, drop quickly with your
right knee on his left arm at the elbow, simultaneously
pinning his right arm at the same place. You can
easily hold him as long as necessary, or beat him into
submission, as the case requires.
94 THE NEW SCIENCE

80

Figure No. 80 illustrates another method of hold¬

ing, or forcing submission. Having thrown your
opponent forward on his face, quickly drop with your
left knee back of his right shoulder. Grasp him by
the right wrist with your right hand twisting his hand
with the palm up. Use your knee as a lever, pull up
on his arm and press down on his head. Any of the
last three holds will be found useful in preventing
insane persons from doing injury to themselves, or
others.
 81
Figure No. 81 . Inis is what is known as Garrotting, and
is chiefly used by thugs to choke a victim into insensibility
It is secured by stepping up behind, and encircling his
throat with the right arm pulling his head backwards,
simultaneously placing the left hand on the back of his
head and grasping the left wrist with the right hand. Now.
by pulling down on his victim’s head with his left hand,
and backward with his right arm, the thug s object is soon
accomplished. To avoid this hold, turn quickly to the left,
striking your opponent a hard right hand blow in the stom¬
ach. To break the hold after it is secured, pull in your
chin, swelling out the muscles of the throat, thus easing
the pressure on the windpipe. Simultaneously reach up
with your left hand, grasping the fingers of your oppon¬
ent’s left hand, pulling them away from your head and
breaking them if necessary.
96 THE NEW SCIENCE

82

Figure No. 82 illustrates another hold used by the

thugs or hold-up men to render their victim powerless
whilst their accomplice goes through his pockets, It
consists of stepping up from behind and quickly
grasping him around the body, over his arms.
 WEAPONLESS defense 97

83
Figure No. 83 illustrates how to release yourself from the
preceding hold. Finding yourself grasped in the manner
described, inflate your lungs and set the muscles of the
chest and back to tneir utmost capacity. This will have the
effect of stretching your assailant's arms as much as possi¬
ble. Now suddenly exhale and relax the tension of the
muscles, making your chest as small as possible. Simul¬
taneously dropping down on one Knee, grasp your assail¬
ant’s wrist with your right hand and his collar with your
left. Bend forward, throwing him over your head.
98 THE NEW SCIENCE

84

Figure No. 84 illustrates the straight-ann4ock.

If you expect an attack from behind, this hold can
be used effectively by grasping your assailant’s arm
as he passes it over your shoulders. The hold once
secured, the result is inevitable. This fall can also
be used to oppose either of the high leads at the face.
 WEAPONLESS DEFENSE 99

85
Figure No. 85 illustrates the front-hammer-lock. When
your opponent raises his right hand, grasp his right wrist
with your left hand and his right elbow with your right
hand. Push up and back on his wrist and pull on his el¬
bow, forcing his hand back over his shoulder. By releasing
your hold on his elbow and pushing your hand up behind
his arm, grasping either your own or opponent’s wrigt, you
have secured what is known as a bar on a hammer. Now,
by exerting very little strength you will either throw your
opponent on his back or dislocate his arm.
100 THE NEW SCIENCE

86
Figure No. 86 illustrates a method of taking away a
^nife from an assailant. When your assailant raises his
hand to strike a downward blow, quickly step to the left
so as to avoid the stroke, should you miss his arm. Grasp
his right wrist with your right hand and his right elbow
with your left hand, pushing up and back on the wrist and
pulling In on the elbow, thus forcing his hand back over his
shoulder. Should this not cause him to drop the knife,
put on the bar with your left hand, as described in No. 85.
See Figure No. 88.
He must now either drop the knife or suffer a
broken arm.
 WEAPONLESS DEFENSE 101

87
Figures No. 87 and 88 illustrate the method of tak¬
ing away a stick from an assailant and the ensuing
fall. Which positions are fully described in No. 86.
When practicing taking away an assailant’s gun,
knife or stick, be careful that the gun is not loaded
and the knife is not sharp so as to avoid accidents.
Should your assailant strike a blow sidewise at your
head or shoulder with the stick, instead of down, as
102 THE NEW SCIENCE

88

illustrated in Figure- No. 87, duck under it, as illus¬

trated in Figure No. 44, and secure a leg bold, or as in
Figure No. 42, and throw him on his head with a
cross buttock. Or else rising quickly grab his arm at
the elbow and the stick near his hand and try for the
hammer-lock, as illustrated in Figures No. 62 or 64,
and you can easily take the stick away from him.
 WEAPONLESS DEFENSE 103

S9
Figure No. 89 illustrates one method of taking a
revolver from an assailant. If he has drawn his
weapon and raises his hand to shoot, step in quickly
grasping his wrist with your left hand and his elbow
with your right. Push his arm straight up, at the
same time grasping him around the neck with your
right arm. By pressing his arm back you can force
him to drop the revolver or hold him until assistance
is rendered.
104 THE NEW SCIENCE

90
Figure No. 90 illustrates another method of taking your
assailant’s revolver, as he draws his weapon from his
belt or hip pocket, step qun.~iy to the side of his gun arm,
grasp his hand firmly by his wrist with your right hand,
bending it in, simultaneously push your left hand through
from behinl inside of his arm, grasping the gun around
the cylinder, pulling in and backwards. This will force him
to release his hold and leave the weapon in your posses¬
sion. The same method may be used to take a knife from
an assailant, except that you grasp his hand with your left
hand instead of the knife.
 WEAPONLESS DEFENSE 105

91

Figure No. 91 illustrates the manner of avoiding

a kick from your assailant and the ensuing fall. 'When
your assailant is about to kick with his right foot,
quickly step to the right advancing your right foot.
Grasp his right leg about the instep with your left
hand and his left collar with your right hand. Now,
kick him on his left leg back of the knee with your
right foot, and the fall is accomplished.
106 THE NEW SCIENCE

92
Figure No. 92 illustrates another manner of avoiding
your opponent’s right kick. Quickly move your left foot
about twenty inches to the left, allowing him to kick up
under your left arm. Step in, grasping his right leg around
the knee with your left hand and his left shoulder, with
your right hand. Step on his left toe with your left foot,
pulling him over on to his head. Still another method of
avoiding a kick is to step quickly backwards, allowing his
foot to pass up in front of you. Grasp his heel with both
hands and lift up, throwing him backwards.
 WEAPONLESS DEFENSE 107

93

Figures No. 93, 94, 95 and 96 illustrate the manner

of lifting and carrying an insensible person out of
danger. Figure 93 illustrates the first part of the
lift. If lying on the door, place the person on their
back, then stepping astride the body, grasp them
around the body underneath the arm-pits, raising
them to a sitting position. Now make the lift to
108 THE NEW SCIENCE

94

position illustrated in Figure No. 94. Hold the per¬

son in this position with your left arm whilst you
release your right hand grasping them by the left
wrist. Raise their left arm over your head as illus¬
trated in Figure No. 95. Now pull on the left arm hold¬
ing them in this position whilst you place your left
arm around their left thigh from the inside. You
 WEAPONLESS DEFENSE 109

95

now have assumed the position of the crotch-and-arm

lift and it is an easy matter to raise them across
your shoulders. Having accomplished this, change
their left wrist from your right to your left hand, as
shown in Figure No. 96. You now have them secure¬
ly tied on your shoulders and can easily carry them
any reasonable distance. You also have your right
110 THE NEW SCIENCE

96

hand free to open doors or assist you out of a window

or down a ladder as the ease may require.
 WEAPONLESS DEFENSE 111

STUDY AND PRACTICE.

Students of the NEW SCIENCE should take up

the boxing end first. Study well the chart on foot¬
work and get all the practice possible on those move¬
ments. Then proceeding to the blows and guards,
take up each movement separately and repeat them
until you can perform each lead and guard correctly
without hesitation.
In leading, pay special attention to distance and the
correct position of the hands when delivering blows.
In guarding, always have the hands open, being
sure to turn the palms in proper position, thus meet¬
ing your opponent's arm or list in the shortest possi¬
ble time.
Having mastered the leads and guards, the next
practice should be stopping and countering. “The
Stop” is a blow delivered as an opponent prepares
to lead. Stops are invariably executed with the left
hand to your opponent's chin or shoulder. Watch
him closely, and just as he makes some movement or
expression that causes you to believe him about to
lead, shoot out your left hand hard, beating him to
it, as it were. In stopping a blow, guard the face
with the right hand and draw the stomach well in.
A boxer’s success depends largely on his ability to
counter. In order to hit hard it is necessary to excel
in this branch of the science. The student should
practice the counters separately, avoiding his oppo¬
nent’s leads by the guards or head-slips, as shown in
the engravings. Being sure to time his deliveries so as
112 THE NEW SCIENCE

to reach his opponent before he has recovered from

the impetus of his lead, thus making a counter-blow
doubly hard.

FEINTING. No one can become a good boxer

who cannot feint successfully. Feinting is deceiving.
The key-note of successful feinting is rapidity and
decision. To feint, step in with the left foot about
six inches, following it up with the right, partially
straighten the left arm, as in leading at your oppo¬
nent's head or body, quickly retract the movement
with the muscles relaxed. Then step in from eight to
twelve inches, and deliver the left lead like a piston
rod to any unguarded part of your opponent’s face or
body. Feinting is also used to open up your oppo¬
nent’s guard. When you desire to send the right to
the face, feint low with the left. Your opponent will
naturally seek to block this blow and in so doing will
leave an opening for your right hand at his face. If
you desire to send the right to the body, feint high.
This will have the effect of causing your opponent to
raise his right high guard, leaving his stomach ex¬
posed to your right hand blow. Should your oppo¬
nent try to counter your feint with his left hand, slip
to the left, delivering a right hand body counter, as
described in Figure No. 11. Feints can be made
particularly useful in drawing leads from your oppo¬
nent when he would rather remain on the defensive,
thus giving you a chance to use any of the counter
blows. Of times a slight forward movement of the
shoulder, accompanied by a forward movement of the
head will serve to draw your opponent’s lead. You
 WEAPONLESS DEFENSE 113

can easily change a feint into a delivery without

drawing back the arm. For instance, when you feint
at your opponent’s face with your left hand, have the
thumb on top. As your opponent raises his right
high, guard, quickly turn your finger nails down, turn¬
ing the feint into a blow at his stomach and backing
it. up with the weight of your body.

This movement can also be reversed by feinting

your opponent’s body with the finger nails turned
down, and quickly turning the thumb on top, your
blows will reach your opponent’s face, without you
even changing your glance. Another feint, which I
have used effectively on an opponent who manifested
a willingness to cross-counter, was to offer a left
lead at his face, striking a few inches short, at the
same time leaving my right guard low to draw his
counter, and quickly moving my left hand, stop the
intended cross counter, as illustrated in Figure No.
21, meeting him with a straight right hand to the
face. A successful feinter invariably uses consider¬
able foot-work, stepping in and out, to the right and
to the left, keeping the hands continually in motion.
You should observe care in keeping an even balance,
s) as to facilitate speedy recovery.
'In practicing the different holds that lead to a
throw or submission, it is well to start by opposing
the high blows with falls. Have your opponent deliver
a straight left hand lead fairly at your face, practice
opposing it by the different methods described, until
you can do so surely and without hesitation. Then
proceed opposing the right hand lead in the same
114 THE NEW SCIENCE

manner. It is a splendid practice for the student to

work against an experience 1 boxer, in doing so, study
out different methods for guarding and avoiding
every assault he may make. Having him repeat them
over and over again until you know how to meet
them automatically, and if possible gain a submission
hold every time. Also study out plans of attack that
will lead up to securing submission. In practicing,
study out as many variations as possible, and practice
each one thoroughly. The position to assume while
waiting the assault of an opponent depends largely
upon what you expect him to do. I have given one
I call “position attention” as shown in Figure No.
34. If your opponent is a boxer, this position will
be found handiest, as you have to guard yourself
against blows. If, however, your opponent shows
an inclination to grapple with you, I would assume
more of a wrestler’s position, with the hands lower
down, your body squared more to the front and feet
kept apart enough to keep it well braced. But close
enough together to be able to side-step or step
forwards or back easily. Never get caught with
your feet close together. Keep your hands open and
held in such a manner that you can guard any part
of your body, strike a blow or clinch with your oppo¬
nent, as the occasion requires. You should practice
feinting in this position as much as in boxing. For
instance, feint to strike your opponent a high blow,
but instead, quickly stoop down and secure a leg hold.
Or having feinted to draw his lead, quickly duck
under it and to either side and secure a hold from
behind. Practice is the only thing which will make
 WEAPONLESS DEFENSE 115

you an expert in those maneuvers. It is impossible

for an instructor to map out any set course of at¬
tack and defense that will work well in every
instance.

STRATEGY is also one of the effective attributes

of the new art. Of this, the instructor can impart
very little. The student must work it out for himself.
The knowledge is acquired by study and practice
with different opponents. For instance, if you are
attacked by a party who shows a superior knowledge
of boxing, but is hard to induce to lead, step in sud¬
denly and kick him on the shins with either foot, this
will have the effect of making him drop his hands,
giving you an opening for either a blow or hold.
Other tricks that might be resorted to would be to
throw your cap in your opponent’s face, or stepping
in quickly, grasping him by the lapels of the coat,
throwing it back over his shoulders, thus pinning
his arms. It is my opinion that the man who be¬
comes an expert in the NEW SCIENCE and
possesses a good knowledge of strategy is practically
invincible of any number of untrainfed or indiffer¬
ently trained opponents!

THE MOST EFFECTIVE BLOWS, those gener¬

ally tried for by experienced boxers, are the point
of the chin, on either side, under the ear. or juggler
blow, the solar plexus or pit of the stomach, the heart
blow, spleen blow, and kidney blow. Of those, the
first four will produce unconsciousness, and some¬
times have proven fatal. The spleen and kidney
116 THE NEW SCIENCE

blows are not so dangerous, but result in the wearing-

down of the opponent. In addition to these blows, is
the blow on the collar-bone, which may break it. The
blow on the Adam’s Apple which may cause injury
for life. The blow at the back of the neck which may
cause death. The blow across the base of the
spine which may also cause death. A blow delivered
simultaneously on both ears is also extremely danger¬
ous. A blow delivered on the nerve center underneath
the upper arm above the elbow, either with the side
of the hand or the knuckles will disable that member,
as will also a blow across the biceps. A blow de¬
livered at the base of the brain, when your opponent
assumes a crotch position or bends forward to secure
a leg hold, is very apt to result in unconsciousness.

There are many places where pressure exerted on

the nerves or blood vessels will assist in forcing sub¬
mission. But only a few that are practical for use.
for instance, pressure with the thumb or forefingers
on the inside of the wrist in the location of the pulse
will effectually deaden the hand. Pressure of the
thumb on the back of the hand between your oppo¬
nent’s thumb and fore-finger, accompanied by the
bonding in of the wrist will force your opponent to
open his hand. Pressure exerted by the fingers
underneath your opponent’s arm just above the el¬
bow will assist in hammer-locking. Pressure can also
be used on the jugular vein just below the ear, which
will have the effect of bending your opponent’s head
forward. Pressure exerted on the wind-pipe will
result in strangulation, and sometimes death.
 WEAPONLESS DEFENSE 117
VIVIFICATION.
As previously mentioned, many of the blows are
capable of producing a dangerous state of uncon¬
sciousness. When the victim does not regain con¬
sciousness in a very short time and the heart action
and breathing reach a low point, vivification should
be resorted to.
Immediately disrobe the victim sufficiently to facili¬
tate his breathing. (Raise him to a sitting position,
pass your left arm around his .chest and press it, at
the same time striking him gently with the palm of
your hand over the spine at the region of the seventh
rib. The pressure and the blow should be given as
the victim exhales. It has the effect of stimu¬
lating the pneumogastric nerves and aids in the con¬
traction and inflation of the lungs and the action of
the heart. As he begins to show signs of conscious¬
ness, call his name loudly thus stimulating the audi¬
tory nerves.
Should more effective means of respiration be re¬
quired, stand behind the victim. Press your thumbs
deeply into his shoulders near the neck just at the
pectoral arch where the clavi.e and scapula meet.
Extend the fingers of each hand over the shoulders
in front to aid in applying the pressure. While do¬
ing this also kick the victim’s back over the third
from the last vertabrae. These two actions should
prove effective.
A small round mouthed bottle filled with absorbent
cotton saturated with ammonia, or a bottle of smelling-
salts held under the victim’s nose as he inhales will
clear his head and greatly assist in restoring con¬
sciousness.
 Anatomical Chart—No. 1.

SEE OUR GUARANTEE ON EAST PAGE.

 WEAPONLESS DEFENSE 119

KEY TO CHART 1.

1. Sterno-cleido-mastoid.
2. Trapezius.
3. Deltoid (or shoulder).
4. Pectoralis major.
5. Extensor carpi radialis.
6. Extensor communis digitorum.
7. Rectus abdomis.
8. External oblique.
9. Tensor fasciae femoris.
10. Pectineus.
11. Abductor longus.
12. Gastronnemius (or calf).
13. Tibalalis anticus.
14. Flexor longus digitorum.
15. Extensor longus digitorum.
16. Flexor carpi ulnaris.
17. Flexor Carpilradialis.
18. Biceps (or front arm).
19. Brachialis anticus.
20. Triceps (.or back arm).
21. Latissimus dorsi.
22. Serratus magnus.
23. Sartorius.
24. Rectes femoris.
25. Vastus externus.
26. Vastus internus.
27. Patella (or knee pan).
28. Tibia (or shin bone).
29. Annular ligament.
 Anatomical Chart—No. 2.

SEE OUR GUARANTEE ON LAST PAGE.

 WEAPONLESS DEFENSE 121

KEY TO CHART 2.

1. Supinator longus.
2. Triceps.
3. Deltoid.
4 Teres minor.
5. Teres major.
6. Infra-spin atus.
7. Latissimus dorsi.
S. Posterior portion of external oblique.
9. Gluteus maximus.
10. Vastus externus.
11. Gastrocnemius.
12. Tendon acliillis.
13. Sterno-mastoid.
14. Splenius capitis.
15. Trapezius.
16. Triceps.
Extensor carpi radialis longior.
17. Extensor carpi radialis brevior.
Extensior communis digitorum.
18. Extensor carpi ulnaris.
19. Gluteus medius.
20. 'Biceps.
21. Semi-tendinosus.
22. Semi-membranosus.
23. Soleus.
 — SEND FOR ■=

Prof. Lewis’ Perfected

Chart«-
ON

PHYSICAL TRAINING
50 Illustrations and 100 Exercises

Price with Special Letter of Instructions and Advice

to suit each individual case. Only 4* J.vv

T HIS chart contains my correct breathing, solar

plexus, body building and reduction exercise*-
No apparatus required.

You can become a regular member of the Lewis’

School at home or abroad by sending in $1.00 a month,
for which you receive advanced instruction every
month for six months. Write for information and
measurement blank. Address

PROF. F. S. LEWIS

Care of the Lewis School, 438 South Spring Street

Los Angeles, Cal.

SEE OUR GUARANTEE ON LAST PAGE.

WRITE FOR CHART OF OUR PERFECTED SYSTEM.

Prof. Lewis’
Complete
Boxing
Chart

36 Illustrations. 16 Special Lessons

Covering every Lead, Return, Guard and

Counter, as used by all up
to date Boxing Champions

This is by far the most complete, explicit and

correct boxing instructions ever published.
Price only Five dollars. ($5.00) ::::::
NOW WILL YOU LEARN THE MANLY ART? “

SEE OUR GUARANTEE ON LAST PAGE.

The Lewis School
...^ CF

Physical T raining

438 South Spring Street

If after sixty days Conscientious Trial
under our Instructions, you do not feel
fully benefitted and compensated for the
outlay, we agree to refund your entire
membership fee.
 WM. V. GREGORY.
3 month’s reduction 451bs.
 CHRIS PERSON.
A month body building 42 lbs.
 WEAPONLESS DEFENSE 127

EARLY DEATH IS MERELY A BAD HABIT.

DO NOT GET THE HABIT.

Live to be at least one hundred years old. As a

matter of fact we each have the free will to create
our own longevity to a great extent, if we can only
muster faith enough to persuade ourselves to proper¬
ly train our minds and bodies.
I am forty-four years old myself, and have devoted
the greater part of my life to promoting health, both
in others and myself. I am absolutely convinced that
I can live to be one hundred years old and do things
worth doing to the very end.
If it were not that nature’s laws ordain that a time
must come when decay will take place in the body
more rapidly than repair can offset the destruction,
it would be possible, generally speaking, for man to
make himself immortal in this world, through the
right amount and kinds of exercise. By proper
breathing of pure air, sensible diet, proper use of
water inside and out and the right amount and qual¬
ity of clothing. By those aids man is so well able
to prolong his life to a healthy and advanced old age,
that it may well be said that health and longevity is
optional.
But the greater amount of people pay but little
heed to the subject and are content to get along “any
old wray, ” trusting to reach old age with a fair
average of health, success and GOOD TIMES. My
system of Physical Training will make all those things
possible and assure a long life.
 128 THE NEW SCIENCE

A NATURAL TREATMENT FOR DISEASE.

My Perfected System of Physical Train¬
ing MaKes Exercising a Positive
Pleasure. What it Consists of.

Internal Vibration for vitality and lung power.

Flexing or double contraction for strengthening
and increasing the size of the muscles.
Calisthenics, or Stretching Movements, principally
selected from the “setting up” exercises of the
American and British Army and Navy.

ABDOMINAL EXERCISE, for strengthening the

stomach and abdomen and reduction of weight.
Few instructors in gymnasiums and other physical
culturists seem to be able to differentiate between the
development of muscle proper or muscle fiber and the
development of muscle energy, with the result that
after persistent and steady effort of months, one won¬
ders that the expected results are not forthcoming;
notably the enlargement of the muscles which is
rightly considered a sure sign of progress.
With nearly 20 years’ experience in all-round
athletics, fully 10 veal's of which I have been instruc¬
ting, and during which time I searched diligently for
a system of exercises which would bring desirable
and lasting results, testing all that, was on the market,
including apparatus work; it was not until I com¬
bined the tension system with calisthenics that my
search was rewarded, the solution of which is simple.
 WEAPONLESS DEFENSE 129

The author’s back from a photograph taken in 1891,

showing a muscle bound condition.

SEE OUR GUARANTEE ON LAST PAGE.

130 THE NEW SCIENCE

The muscular system of the body is made up of

antagonistic or opposing muscles; that is for every
movement made there is a muscle, or set of muscles, to
bring about a correspondingly opposite movement.
The tension system does not involve the use of any
apparatus whatever. It consists in antagonizing the
muscles; making them oppose each other throughout
the different movements. When this is done the mus¬
cles involved in the separate movements are made
tense, and by adding increased resistance to the mus¬
cles from day to day as strength is gained, the tension
system enables the perfect application of this in¬
creased resistance. But the tension svstem has great
draw-backs, in that it produces undue hardening of
the muscular tissues, and a muscle-bound condition
results if it is used exclusively. In my system, which
is an adaptation of the tension system and calis¬
thenics, these draw-backs of the tension system are
effectually overcome, and its greatest possibilities
realized—possibilities it loes not possess or approach
when used alone.
The quick, light calisthenic movements, without
any tension whatever, taken alternately with the ten¬
sion movements, stretch the muscles and keep them
perfectly pliable, as they must be in order to make
possible perfect muscular control and insure perfect
circulation of blood. By this combination you get a
natural system of physical culture. The tension svs-
ttm develops the size of the muscles and muscle
energy, and the calisthenic movements produce in the
muscles pliability and beauty of outline, giving in
addition grace and speed of movement.
 WEAPONLESS DEFENSE 131

PHYSICAL TRAINING TOO OFTEN STRAIN¬

ING.
I am very careful to see that my pupils do not
overdue. I am afraid there is more straining than
training in the systems most in vogue. It is alto¬
gether a too common impression that physical train¬
ing’s whole mission is to create large, knotty muscles,
and the ability to perform feats of strength that are
out of the ordinary. The majority of pupils are liable
at first to endeavor to build up great shoulders and
arms. This is wrong, as it is done at the expense of
the lungs and heart.
A permanent strength cannot be built up from the
outside, not until the lungs, heart and solar plexus
are practically perfect, should you look at your
biceps.

BREATHING.

As there can be no bodily development of the

highest kind until the pupil has learned to breathe
correctly, the chest should get the first attention.
Correct breathing should be taught at the very first
or in connection with calisthenic exercises.
Correct breathing exercises increase the size
power, fiexibility and symmetry of the chest walls,
and the voluntary muscles employed. They also in¬
crease the function capacity of the involuntary mus¬
cles, and promote health and strength to the entire
body by quickening circulation and increasing res¬
piration. '
132 THE NEW SCIENCE

Nobody with perfect control of the pectoral and

abdomal muscles die of consumption; and to cure
it the first essential is to restore and maintain proper
respiratory action.
Tuberculosis cannot progress in a properly active
lung, through which the blood circulates freely.
People in the early stages of consumption are often
sent to high altitudes to effect a cure; not that the
mountain air has any more curative properties than
the valley air, hut it is so rarified that the patient
must breathe quickly and deeply in order to live.
Now, this enforced breathing opens the air cells and
increases the circulation which cures the disease. If
the patient would stay in the low altitude and breathe
in the same manner, the cure would be much more
speedy and certain. But why think of the cure?
Use the preventative, learn those systems and prac¬
tice them.
SOLAR PLEXUS SYSTEM.

In order to lay the foundation for a long life, a

great deal depends on getting the Solar Plexus to pro¬
perly behave,
Most people first learn of the Solar Plexus as
through Bob Fitzsimmons who won the heavy weight
championship by landing a hard hook on that portion
of Corbett’s anatomy, thus causing him to suffer
untold agony and forcing him to remain down and
out for the count.
But why? Well this. There is more about the
Solar Plexus than most people ever found out. Fitz
and Corbett included.
 WEAPONLESS DEFENSE 133

It is the “Abdominal Brain,” and controls the sym¬

pathetic or involuntary nervous system which has a
whole lot to do with the emotions, and when you get
it working properly, (instead of kicking), with the
heart and lungs also in good condition, then a long
and happy life is assured.

'Jdie definition of a plexus is a network of either

nerves or veins, the seat of the solar plexus being
the “pit of the stomach.” It is composed of the epi¬
gastric nerves, moter and sensory, sending off branch¬
es to the heart, lungs, throat and larynx. Those nerves
in a. state of health are the best of servants. If dis¬
eased, they become the most despotic of tyrants and
make life miserable, and long life impossible for their
slave owners.

BELLIE WELL, ALL WELL, is the reasoning of

“wise John Chinaman,” as his question relative to a
friend's health would imply, How’s your bellie? This
shows the yellow man’s wisdom, as 90 per cent, of all
sicknesses are centred in the belly. This knowledge
has led me to complete a set of special exercises that
I term MY SOLAR PLEXUS SYSTEM, with which
I am having phenomenal results. Cases of dyspepsia,
constipation and indigestion of long standing, are dis¬
appearing in from seven to twenty-one days, and the
cure in every instance has been permanent. Besides,
these exercises are a positive preventative from rup¬
ture, and often effect a cure even in bad .cases.

SECURE THE PREVENTATIVE AND PRAC¬

TICE IT. LEARN THOSE EXERCISES.
134 THE NEW SCIENCE

OBESITY CURED BY A SIMPLE FORM OF

TREATMENT.

Oh! That this too solid flesh would melt. Thou¬

sands of people are repeating Shakespeare’s lament
every day. Not only because of the uncomfortable
feeling, but also of the knowledge that an unusual
gain of flesh is as dangerous as an unusual loss of
weight. There are two general forms of Obesity; one
in which the fat is quite evenly distributed over the
body, head and limbs; the other in which the super¬
fluity of fat is principally in the region of the abdo¬
men.

There are also exceptional cases where other parts

of the body are abnormally developed; each requiring
different treatment principally.
I wish to assure you that I do not pretend to do
anything impossible when I claim to cure or remove
this disease positively and permanently. I have had
years of experience and investigation in reduction,
and have compiled a set of simple exercises which will
certainly do the work in each instance. I am not in¬
clined to be egotistical, yet I do not favor false mod¬
esty. I have studied and practiced a number of ad¬
vertised methods for reduction of weight, and whilst
some were good, yet the results were invariably the
same, namely, when you quit using the exercise and
returned to your regular sityle of living, the fat re¬
turned also.
WEAPONLESS DEFENSE 135

Cut II.
136 THE NEW SCIENCE

DIFFERENT WHEN USING MY SYSTEMS.

I have reduced persons weighing 250 pounds, to

200 pounds, in four months; persons weighing 220
pounds, to 190 pounds, in two months. I can reduce
your weight from % to 1 pound per day, until
you have reached the weight desired: then you
retain the weight because the exercises that you do
in reducing, set up the chest and so harden the muscles
of the abdomen that they will remain so, also assur¬
ing an erect and graceful carriage of the body.
I give you no severe rules to follow as regards eat¬
ing or drinking. I do not lace up the body in ban¬
dages or trusses. Your exercises, instead of being
violent, become a positive pleasure after a few trials.
They are adapted to persons of every age or sex.
Everyone gets my careful personal attention.
 WEAPONLESS DEFENSE 137

Cut i..

SEE OUR GUARANTEE ON LAST PAGE.

138 THE NEW SCIEN CE

SKIN BATHING AND MASSAGE.

There are three necessities toward a healthy skin,

namely, sweating, friction and bathing. The skin is
composed of two layers, the cuticle, or epidermis, and
the cutis or derma, which form the inner and outer
layers, respectively. The outer layer consists of fia.t-
tened, dry scales, the thickness of which differs in
various portions of the body. I he inner layer, whilst
dense, is also tough and yielding, and under its sur¬
face is found a numerous supply of blood-vessels and
nerve fibers.
Skin diseases are mostly all due to internal causes.
One can readily see the seat of trouble is inside, be¬
fore it comes in evidence on the skin. Deeply im¬
bedded in the dermis are the sweat glands. Those
tubes are about a quarter of an iach in length, the
inner ends closed. They coil in globes something
like a sixteenth of an inch in diameter At the
back of the neck there are about four hundred of
those sweat glands to the square inch, while the palm
of the hand contains about twenty thousand. The
sweat, itself, is made up of moisture composed of salts,
aud urea which is the most important waste product
of the body. The skin also depurates about one-fif¬
tieth as much carbon oxide as the lungs. This shows
the necessity of exposing the skin to the air and sun¬
light.
A direct relation between the skin and kidneys can
be noted by the fact that the more perspiration there
is on the skin, the less fluid is eliminated by the kid¬
neys. Conversely, then, when the kidneys are very
 WEAPONLESS DEFENSE 139

active, there is not much perspiration. Exercise,

therefore, is of direct benefit to the kidneys, insomuch
as it relieves those organs of much of what would
otherwise be their work.
We can easily understand that normal health is
impossible unless the skin is healthy. I always look
to the skin as an infallible index of the health of the
pupil. True, there are pretty skins possessed by dis¬
eased people, but there is the rosy, healthy skin
which shows the perfect man or woman underneath.
The touch of the skin is a sure indication of the state
of health. If the skin be properly rosy, reasonably
moist and warm, soft and elastic, then I know that
I have under my observation a normally healthy skin.
The first essentials are nourishment by the proper
foods. Next, ,exercise bringing profuse perspiration,
thus vigorously eliminating waste matter, frequent
bathing in order to remove this waste matter accumu¬
lated on the surface of the skin. Friction caused by
rubbing the skin with a coarse towel or the hand,
should be resorted to in order to rub off the dead tis¬
sue, which should be taken with the dry skin. Food,
water and air must be regarded as the great chemical
agents that benefit all parts of the body as well as the
skin. "Whilst exercise is the great physical agent that
sets in motion all of those chemical agents and insures
perfect and sound health.
 140 THE NEW SCIENCE

BATHING.

'Outside of its sanitary objects, bathing stimulates

the functions of the skin, and also produces a stimu¬
lating or sedative effect upon the body. Baths are of
various temperatures, either .cold, tepid, warm or hot.
Cold baths are used as a stimulant after a moderate
amount of exercise. Care should be taken, however,
as harm is often done by this practice. If not accus¬
tomed to the cold bath, I advise that you begin by
taking the chill off the water but finish, invariably,
with a cold shower. Hot baths are used erroneously
by some people, and have ruined many healthy skins,
as it causes the skin to becom.e inactive, and washes
out all of the natural oil. By eliminating hot baths,
and having baths first tempered in harmony with the
natural warmth of the body, after exercise, the skin
can be improved fully as much as the muscular de¬
velopment.
Personally, I give all my pupils advice on bathing
as the case requires.

MAS S’AGE is also a great benefitter and beaut.ifier

of the skin. I am an enthusiast on this branch of the
healing art, and have always made a careful study
of it. I believe that, especially when taken after exer¬
cises, its value cannot be overestimated. Alone, it is
good, but not so beneficial as after a work-out. It is
the rest after the work, and replaces, not only broken
down tissue, but a few additional ones, each time, and
forces the process of recuperation by increasing the
fiow of fresh blood (to the part massaged,) through
the capillary walls so as nutriment can be absorbed
 WEAPONLESS DEFENSE 141

by the muscles. Another benefit of manipulations, is

to remove the waste or worn out tissue, much more
thoroughly than would be accomplished by the heart,
unaided. A fatigued muscle will be rested better by
flve minutes massage, than after two hours rest. A
thorough massage of the body is the equivalent of
four hours refreshing sleep, as it carries off fatigued
products, thus resting the tired parts, and forcing the
process of recuperation. It also relieves the congestion
of such internal organs as the brains, lungs, intestines,
uterus, kidneys, etc., by increasing the flow of blood
to those parts, and stimulates, directly, the nervous
system, by increasing the activity of the involuntary
muscles, and so relieves various functional derange¬
ments.
PROF. F. S. LEWIS.
142 THE NEW SCIENCE

A FEW WHO HAVE TESTED THE SYSTEM;

WHAT THEY THINK.

Prof. F. S. Lewis:
Dear Prof.— We, your pupils, take great pleasure
in recommending your system of Physical Training.
It has in every instance been most effective in build¬
ing up our muscles and reducing or increasing our
weight as the case required. Our strength has increased
three-fold; whilst the improvement in our breathing
and in the condition of our stomachs is wonderful.
The exercises are so varied that they never become
monotonous, and we look forward to each succeeding
lesson with pleasure. On the whole, the improve¬
ment we have made, and the benefits we have derived,
have far exceeded our fondest expectations. Count
us among your boasters.
Gratefully yours,
Signed by 100 members, among them many promi¬
nent Business and Professional men of Los Angeles
and vicinity.

SEE OUR GUARANTEE ON LAST PAGE.

WRITE FOR CHART OF OUR PERFECTED SYSTEM.

Poor Health is a Bad Habit

Don’t Get the Habit

IF YOU HAVE IT
GET RID OF IT
Send for my perfected chart on physical training.
Adapted to all ages and sexes. Price with special
letter of instruction to suit each individual case,
only $5.00.

A SURE BENEF1TTER OF WEAK LUNGS

MY CORRECT BREATHING EXERCISES will in¬
crease your lung power and expansion and develop
the chest from 2% to 4 inches in 30 days.

MY SOLAR PLEXUS EXERCISES permanently

cures all cases of constipation and indigestion in
from 7 to 21 days.

MY BODY BUILDING EXERCISES makes you a

perfectly full grown man physically.

MY REDUCTION EXEHCIShS reduce your weight

quickly, positively' and permanently, and gives you
an erect and graceful carriage.

Write for information and measurement blank.

Address
PROF. F. S. LEWIS
in care of the Lewis School, 438 South Spring Street
Los Angeles, Cal.

SEE OUR GUARANTEE ON LAST PAGE.

WRITE FOR CHART OF OUR PERFECTED SYSTEM.

The Lewis Dummy

An Ever Ready Boxing Companion

'Tr HE most perfect and feasible apparatus

* known for working up a good fast sweat.
Will last for years. Can be emptied and
packed away for traveling, taking up no more
room than an ordinary jacket.

The most valuable adjunct to a boxer’s train¬

ing outfit.

Can be hung in a corner of a room or in any

doorway.

Price complete fifteendollars($15.00)

i>EE OUR GUARANTEE ON LAST PAGE.

146 THE NEW SCIENCE

The Los Angeles Record of December 26, 1905,

says: Young Corbett is getting to be a glutton for
work. When he showed up at Prof. Lewis’ gym
Christmas afternoon, he only intended to work half
an hour, as he was not feeling much like work. Lewis
set him to punching the bag and skipping the rope,
and before he had enough, an hour had slipped by.
He then put on the gloves with Lewis, Terry Davis
and a local boxer by the name of Green and spent
45 minutes more.
Prof. Lewis is looking after his condition, and with
such a competent man in charge the ex-champion
should go to the post in tine condition on the night
of the battle. Lewis has the reputation of always
being back of the winners. Every man he has trained
in the local field has been returned a winner. All
have entered the ring in fine condition.
Lewis trained Tommy Burns for his fight with Hugo
Kelly and Burns was as fast as lightning that night.
Burns went to the post in his fight with Twin Sulli¬
van without the benefit of Lewis’ experience and
training, and he put up a miserable contest. It is
safe to say that he will have Young Corbett in fine
condition for his battle and the Denverite will have
no excuse to offer on that score if Herrera beats him.

SEE OUR GUARANTEE ON LAST PAGE.

 WEAPONLESS DEFENSE 147

THE GLOBE, LOS ANGELES, CAL., MONDAY,

JULY 16TH, 1906:

WHERE THEY BUILD WEAKLINGS INTO

STRONG MEN OF ABILITY.
Scientific Secrets Taught at the Lewis School Save
Skeptics.
A 'WEAKLING has no place in this world. He is
a drag on the market—a pitiful, helpless thing that
is either carried or tossed aside by the strong men
who daily cope with battle after battle in the com¬
mercial, scientific and professional world.
THE REWARDS of a weakling’s life are either
pity, contempt, hatred or abhorrence. He is too weak
to help himself or others.
THESE FACTS were most vividly impressed on
our minds, while visiting the “Home of Strength,’’
an institution that deserves the recommendation and
endorsement of every man of affairs.
WIIAT INTENSIFIES the interest in this insti¬
tution is the recent action of Prof. Lewis, who chal¬
lenged the Cocopah Indian giant, a colossal bulk of
flesh and muscle, weighing 400 lbs., to wrestle for a
side bet of $1000.
LEWIS, in spite of his 45 years, is a perfect speci¬
men of manhood. He has been following athletic
sports since he was 18. For 14 years he held the mid¬
dle weight wrestling championship, during which
148 THE NEW SCIENCE

time he won over 400 matches and engaged in 63

glove contests, winning 53, drawing 4 and losing 6.
Lewis has thrown 10 husky men inside an hour. Later
he has been engaged as Physical Director with many
of the leading clubs in the principal cities of this
country.
WHAT ARE YOU going to do when out walking
with a lady: A ruffian comes along, tries to insult you
both or hold you up?
Then what would you do if in a public or isolated
place you were suddenly brutally attacked? Or sup¬
pose you had employer’s interests to look after and
some fresh young man insisted on running the place
without authority? Or providing you were opposed
physically in the transaction of your business, what
in the world would you do when you did not km w
how ?
NATURALLY THESE MENTAL QUESTIONS
came up while carefully investigating the LEWIS
SCHOOL OF TRAINING, and there was the com¬
plete answer, for it was soon learned that this school
is not in existence for the purpose of turning out pro¬
fessionals, but to so develop the student as to enable
him to protect himself and friends wherever he may
be. When a man is in this condition, h? is naturally
better able to cope with the world’s struggles no mat¬
ter where lie be. His physique gives self-confidence,
aids him to generate energy, and best of all. he fears
no man, which is a most essential feature of business
success and a result of the Lewis course of instruction.
WHEN YOU ENROLL among the Lewis School
students you are given a thorough physical examina-
 WEAPONLESS DEFENSE 149

tion by Prof. Lewis, who first notes whether you are

in shape to take training, and then specially points
the required course of development.
YOU ARE MEASURED immediately, and the di¬
mensions of your neck, shoulders, chest natural, chest
inflated, thighs, calves, arms and hips are recorded.
When you finish a three months’ course, in which
perfect satisfaction is guaranteed, it will be a sur¬
prise to note an increase from one inch up in the di¬
mensions of the neck; shoulders 2y2 and up; chest
natural 2 to 3 inches; chest inflated 2x/2 to 4; thighs
lYz; calves % to 1^2; arms 1 inch up and down, and
hips reduced or increased according to physique.
AT PRESENT there is an average of 100 working
members, who in three months learn enough to take
care of themselves for life.
ONE OF THE most natural treatments for disease
is a course in this muscle building academy, in which
every muscle of the body receives proportionate at¬
tention.
THE CUTTER FIGHTING department is one of
the most interesting in which the art of self-defense
is taught without any weapon of defense, which Prof.
Lewis terms “weaponless defense.” Prof. Lewis
teaches the famous Anglo-Saxon “jiu-jitsu.” If
every respectable gentleman in the United States
were to take a course in this alone, crime would be
reduced to a minimum.
When studying at the Lewis School of Physical
Training you ward off sickness and cure some of the
most complicated troubles.
150 THE NEW SCIENCE

PROFESSIONAL AND BUSINESS men come to

the academy at all hours that suit their convenience.
THERE IS NOTHING GRANDER in this large
world cf ours than strong men—men who have the
force to back their convictions.
AN INSTITUTION that builds such men, should
at all times command the admiration and respect of
every progressive individual in the world.

SEE OUR GUARANTEE ON LAST PAGE.

 WEAPONLESS DEFENSE 151

THE PERFECT MAN.

By Rev. J. S. Trimmer, Rector of St. George’s in the

Pines, Helmetta, N. J.
The perfect man is a full-grown man physically.
It is worth while to be full-grown. Saul was chosen
King because of his physical make-up. Daniel Web¬
ster commanded attention because of his magnificent
proportions. When he was in London a certain noble¬
man likened him to “a steam engine in breeches.”
One of Washington’s most valuable assets was his six
feet and four inches. These men were perfect, physi¬
cally.
We are exhorted in Scripture to attain unto ‘‘the
measure of the stature of the fullness of Christ.”
Jesus was a perfect man physically. He was a man
at his climax. According to a description of His per¬
sonal appearance read in the Senate chamber at Rome,
He was a model of physical beauty and perfection.
Very few have stopped to inquire as to His body.
Was He tall or short? Was He of full habit or aesthe¬
tic? Was He a man of brawn or a weakling? Such
questions would formerly have been considered sacri¬
legious. But a number of Scripture passages point
to the humor of Jesus; other passages teach that He
was athletic, and it is evident that He placed a pre¬
mium upon a sound body from the fact that He spent
most of His time, when in public, helping men physi¬
cally.
Jesus was never sick. He lived the “simple life.”
He breathed in the air of the open places. He kept
dose to Nature. He was never in a hurry. Sickness
 152 THE NEW SCIENCE

means sin, that is, broken laws, and we cannot think

ol‘ Jesus as a sinner—“who knew no sin.”
We should have more perfect men and women physi¬
cally. With our advanced .civilization; with the diffu¬
sion of sanitary knowledge and laws of life; sickness
should be the exception, but alas! sickness is the rule.
There is a cult who teach that sickness should be
abolished. This cult is “not far from the Kingdom.”
We should employ our doctors to keep us perfectly
ln-althwise. Now they simply come in to attempt to
repair damages. The secret of the “healing art”
should be the law of prevention. After a while, it will
be the business of the physician to KEEP men well,
rather than try to MAKE them well. The doctor of
the future will be a teacher, rather than a practi¬
tioner; he will prescribe healthful ideas instead of
pills. The Lord hasten the time.
The perfect man is an all-round man. However,
perfect he may be in body, he will not neglect the
best part of himself, his mind, his soul. The physical
is the foundation. What is the building?
The etymology or word for man is suggestive. The
Saxon Mon is “a one.” Animals go in herds. He is a
true man who can, whenever it is necessary, stand
alone.
The Roman Yir, part of the word for virtue,
was a hero on the field of combat. He only is a man,
who is victor over himself and temptation.
The Greek Anthropos was “one who lifts up the
eye.” Brutes look down. The eye of guilt quails.
The true man faces anything, man or God, time or
eternity, without fear.
 WEAPONLESS DEFENSE 153

MAETERLINCK THINKS THAT THE CULTIVA¬

TION OF THE MANLY ART OF SELF-
DEFENSE IS AN AID TO PEACE.

A friend of pugilism lias appeared in an unexpected

quarter. Maurice Maeterlinck, Belgian playwright,
critic, and essayist, known as the Shakespeare of Bel¬
gium, has come forward with a defense of the “manly
art.” After pointing out that man is the most poorly
equipped animal for defense or attack, he declares
that among men the only weapon for purposes of pro¬
tection, justice, and revenge should be the fist:
The study of boxing gives us excellent lessons in
humility and throws a somewhat alarming light upon
the forfeiture of some of our most valuable instincts.
We soon perceive that in all that concerns the use
of our limbs—agility, dexterity, muscular strength,
resistance to pain—we have sunk to the lowest rank
of the mammals, or batrachians. From this point of
view, in a well-conceived hierarchy, we should be en¬
titled to a modest place between the frog and the sheep.
The lack of the horse, the butt of the bull, the bite
of the dog, are mechanically and anatomically perfect.
It would be impossible to improve by the most learned
lessons their instinctive manner of using their natural
weapons. But we, the “hominians, ” the proudest of
the primates, do not know how to strike a blow with
our fist. We do not even know which exactly is the
weapon of our kind.
 154 THE NEW SCIENCE

Look at two draymen, two peasants, who come to

blows; nothing could be more pitiable. After a copious
and dilatory broadside of insults and threats they
seize each other by the throat and the hair, make play
with their feet, with their knees, at random, bite each
other, scratch each other, get entangled in their mo¬
tiveless rage, dare not leave go, and if one of them suc¬
ceeds in releasing an aim he strikes out blindly and
most often into space a series of hurried, stunted,
sputtering little blows; nor would the combat ever end
did not the treacherous knife, evoked by the disgrace
of the incongruous sight, suddenly, almost spontane¬
ously, leap from the pocket of one or the other.
On the contrary, watch two pugilists; no useless
words, no gropings, no anger; the calmness of two
certainties that know what lies before them. To the
athletic attitude of the guard, one of the finest of the
male body, logically exhibits all the muscles of the
organism to the best advantage.
From head to foot, no particle of strength can now
go astray. Each single one has its pole in one or other
of the two massive fists charged to the full with energy.
I hree blows, no more, the fruits of secular experience,
mathematically exhaust the thousand useless possibili¬
ties hazarded by the uninitiated. Three synthetic,
irresistible, unimprovable blows.
It. may seem paradoxical, but the fact is easily estab¬
lished that the science of boxing, in those countries
where it is generally practiced and cultivated, becomes
a pledge of peace and gentleness. Our aggressiveness,
nervousness, our watchful susceptibility, that sort of
perpetual state of alarm in which our jealous vanity
 WEAPONLESS DEFENSE 155

moves, all these arise, at bottom, from the sense of our

weakness and of our physical inferiority, which toil
as best they may to overawe, by a proud and irritable
mask, the men, often churlish, unjust, and malevolent,
that surround us.
He who knows the source of justice which he holds
iu his two closed fists has no need for self-persua¬
sion. Once and for all he knows; longanimity eman¬
ates like a peaceful flower from his ideal but certain
victory. The grossest insult cannot impair his indul¬
gent smile.
Peaceably he awaits the first act of violence, and is
able to say to all who offend him: “Thus far shall
you go and no farther.” A single magic movement
stops the insolence. Why make this movement? He
ceases even to think of it, so certain is its efficacy.

Archibald Maclaren, practically the founder of the

modern gymnasium at Oxford University, and fatbm*
of allied gymnastics in Great Britain, had this to
say on the subject of exercise:
We are too prone, in this age when success seems
to depend upon one’s intellectual attainments, to feel
that cultivation of the body implies a corresponding
neglect of the brain; indeed, there are some so fool¬
ish as to wonder whether too great physical sturdiness
does not stunt the brain. Science has proved conclu¬
sively that the most perfect development of the brain
depends absolutely upon the sound, normal develop¬
ment of the body. It is true that there have been un¬
usually great brains in very weak bodies—but how
156 THE NEW SCIENCE

much greater would those brains have been had the

bodies been fit to serve as running mates for the
brains. “Even blind and blundering man,” exclaims
Mr. Maclaren, “does not yoke two oxen together to
pull against each other. Mind and body can pull well
together in the same team if the burden be fairly ad¬
justed.”
“In early boyhood and youth nothing can replace
the active sports so much enjoyed at this period,”
writes Dr. John Keating; “and while no needless re¬
strictions should be placed upon them, consideration
should be paid to the amount, and especially to'the
character, of the games pursued by delicate youth.
For these it would be better to develop the weakened
parts by means of systematic exercises and by lighter
sports. ’ ’
“I am afraid there is a good deal more ‘straining’
than ‘training’ in a good many popular systems in
vogue in the present day.”
Maclaren has succinctly stated the three things that
exercise accomplishes, in these words:
“It increases the size and power of the voluntary
muscles employed.
“It increases the functional capacity of the invol¬
untary muscles employed.
“It promotes the health and strength of the whole
body by quickening circulation and increasing respira¬
tion.”
Sydenham, one of England’s great physicians, lay
dying in 1860. Relatives, friends, and pupils stood
about his bedside. They wept when he told them
 WEAPONLESS DEFENSE

calmly that he was content to die, since he left behind

him three physicians greater than he.
The bystanders looked at him in amazement. Could
there be even one physician greater than the famous
Sydenham!
One of the pupils questioned softly but wonderingly:
“THREE! Who are they?”
Sydenham’s dimming gaze roved over the faces of
his hearers as lie slowly replied:
“The three greatest physicians are AIR, WATER
and EXERCISE.”
 in1 i 11 ■ i11 111111'7:
1 I ' I 1 I 1 I 1 I rT

■ • I ■ I ■ I ■ I ■ I ■ t
A SQUARE i > i . i i i i- i i i

GUARANTEE

JF AFTER sixty days

Conscientious Trial under
our Instruction, you do not
feel fully benefitted and
compensated for the outlay,
on receipt of a letter of dec¬
laration from you to that
effect in your hand writing,
accompanied by the Chart
and Letters of Instruction
furnished by us, we will re¬
fund every dollar received
from you.

Prof. F. S. Lewis
THE LEWIS SCHOOL
438 South Spring Street
LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA
 SOUTHERN
CALIFORNIA
PRINTING
CO.

120-22 N. RROADWAY
LOS ANGELES