Table of Properties of Natural Gas
Properties [Units/Conditions] Value
Relative molar mass 17 - 20
Carbon content [mass %] 73.3
Hydrogen content [mass %] 23.9
Oxygen content [mass %] 0.4
0.25 -
Carbon-to-hydrogen ratio
0.33
0.72 -
Relative density [@15°C / 1 bar]
0.81
Boiling temperature [°C / 1 bar] -162
Autoignition temperature [°C] 540 - 560
Octane number 120 -130
Methane number 69 - 99
Stoichiometric air/fuel ratio [mass] 17.2
Vapour flammability limits
5 - 15
[Volume %]
Flammability limits [lambda] 0.7 - 2.1
Lower heating/calorific value
38 - 50
[MJ/kg]
Stoichiometric lower heating value
2.75
[MJ/kg]
Methane concentration [Volume
80 - 99
%]
Ethane concentration [Volume %] 2.7 - 4.6
Nitrogen concentration [Volume
0.1 - 15
%]
Carbon dioxide concentration
1-5
[Volume %]
Sulphur concentration [ppm, mass] <5
Specific CO2 formation [g/MJ] 38 - 50
Table of Properties of Liquefied Petroleum Gas
Properties [Units/Conditions] Value
Relative molar mass 44.1
Carbon content [mass %] 82
Hydrogen content [mass %] 18
Oxygen content [mass %] 0
Carbon-to-hydrogen ratio 0.375
Relative density [@15°C / 1 bar] 0.5
Boiling temperature [°C / 1 bar] -42
Autoignition temperature [°C] 457
Octane number 97 - 112
Methane number 35
Stoichiometric air/fuel ratio [mass] 15.7
Vapour flammability limits
2.1 - 9.5
[Volume %]
0.42 -
Flammability limits [lambda]
2.0
Vapour pressure @38C [kPa] 1300
Freezing temperature [°C] -187
Flash point temperature [°C] -104
Specific heat [kJ/Kg K] 2.48
Latent heat of vaporisation @ 1 bar
426
[kJ/kg]
Lower heating/calorific value
46
[MJ/kg]
Viscosity [MPa s @20°C] 0.102
Water solubility [volume %
0.065
@21°C]
Sulphur concentration [ppm, mass] <50
Specific CO2 formation [g/MJ] 64.7
Table of Properties of Natural Gas
Properties [Units/Conditions] Value
Relative molar mass 17 - 20
Carbon content [mass %] 73.3
Hydrogen content [mass %] 23.9
Oxygen content [mass %] 0.4
0.25 -
Carbon-to-hydrogen ratio
0.33
0.72 -
Relative density [@15°C / 1 bar]
0.81
Boiling temperature [°C / 1 bar] -162
Autoignition temperature [°C] 540 - 560
Octane number 120 -130
Methane number 69 - 99
Stoichiometric air/fuel ratio [mass] 17.2
Vapour flammability limits
5 - 15
[Volume %]
Flammability limits [lambda] 0.7 - 2.1
Lower heating/calorific value
38 - 50
[MJ/kg]
Stoichiometric lower heating value
2.75
[MJ/kg]
Methane concentration [Volume
80 - 99
%]
Ethane concentration [Volume %] 2.7 - 4.6
Nitrogen concentration [Volume
0.1 - 15
%]
Carbon dioxide concentration
1-5
[Volume %]
Sulphur concentration [ppm, mass] <5
Specific CO2 formation [g/MJ] 38 - 50
Table of Properties of DME
Properties [Units/Conditions] Value
Relative molar mass 46.1
Carbon content [mass %] 52.2
Hydrogen content [mass %] 13.0
Oxygen content [mass %] 34.8
Carbon-to-hydrogen ratio 0.33
Relative gas density [@15°C / 1
1.59
bar]
Kinematic viscocity as liquid [cST] <1
Relative liquid density [@15°C / 1
0.66
bar]
Boiling temperature [°C / 1 bar] 120 -130
Autoignition temperature [°C] 235
Cetane number 55 - 60
Stoichiometric air/fuel ratio [mass] 9.0
Vapour Flammability limits 3.4 -
[Volume %] 18.6
Lower heating/calorific value 27.6 -
[MJ/kg] 28.8
Latent heat of vaporisation 460 -
@20°C/1 bar [kJ/kg] 470
Flash point temperature [°C] -42
Sulphur concentration [ppm, mass] <0
Table of Properties of Biodiesel and Blends
Properties
Value
[Units/Conditions]
Soybean
Rapeseed
Methyl
Methyl Ester
Ester
Relative molar mass ~300 ~310
Carbon content [mass
77 - 81 ~78
%]
Hydrogen content
~12 11- 12
[mass %]
Oxygen content [mass
9 - 11 10 - 11
%]
Carbon-to-hydrogen
0.15 0.14
ratio
Relative density
0.88 0.87
[@15°C / 1 bar]
Kinematic viscocity
4.5 -
@40°C [cST]
Boiling temperature
330 - 350 -
[°C / 1 bar]
Autoignition
- -
temperature [°C]
Cetane number 51 - 58 46 - 67
Stoichiometric air/fuel
12.3 12.6
ratio [mass]
Lower
heating/calorific value 37 - 38 32
[MJ/kg]
Flash point
91 - 179 110 - 174
temperature [°C]
Vapour pressure
<1 <1
@38°C [kPa]
Sulphur concentration
<10 <10
[ppm, mass]
Water content [ppm,
<200 -
mass]
Table of Properties of Bioethanol and Blends
Properties
Value
[Units/Conditions]
Ethanol E85G E15D
Relative molar mass 46.1 - -
Carbon content [mass %] 52.2 56 - 58 -
Hydrogen content [mass
13.1 13 - 14 -
%]
Oxygen content [mass
34.8 29 - 30 5
%]
2.9 -
Water content [mass %] <6.2 -
6.6
Phosphor content [ppm] - <0.5 -
Sulphur content [ppm] - <30 0.01%
Relative density [@15°C 0.8 - 0.78 -
0.815
/ 1 bar] 0.82 0.80
Boiling temperature [°C /
78 49 - 80 -
1 bar]
Freezing temperature
-114 - -
[°C]
Autoignition temperature
423 >257 -
[°C]
Stoichiometric air/fuel
9 9.9 -
ratio [mass]
Lower heating/calorific
25 - 27 26 - 27 -
value [MJ/kg]
Flash point temperature
13 - <20
[°C]
Vapour pressure @38°C 48 -
15.9 -
[kPa] 103
Vapour flammability
4.3 - 19 - -
limits [volume %]
Research Octane number
108.6 107 -
[RON]
Motor Octane number
89.7 89 -
[MON]
Latent heat of
vaporisation @ 1bar 923 836 -
[kJ/kg]
Specific heat [kJ/kg-K] 2.4 2.3 -
Cetane 8 - 41
Table of Properties of ETBE/Gasoline Blend
Properties
Value
[Units/Conditions]
ETBE ETBE15/G
Oxygen content [mass %] 15.7 2.4
Relative density [@15°C / 1
0.745 0.747
bar]
Research Octane number 115 -
97.9
[RON] 120
Motor Octane number
98 - 102 86.5
[MON]
Reid vapour pressure [kPa] 29.8 65
Boiling temperature [°C / 1
73.1 -
bar]
Sulphur concentration [ppm,
- 355
mass]
Aromatics concentration
- 28
[volume %]
Olefins concentration
- 11.2
[volume %]
Benzene concentration
- 2
[mass %]
