جامعة النجاح الوطنية
كلية الدراسات العليا
ماجستير هندسة إنشاءات
Advance of Steel Design
Homework 6
أسماء طالب المجموعة-:
-2أيمن أبو بكر البطرن
ا -1دوريد خليل
-4عمرو إياد محمود -3علي غنيمات
المدرس
د.عبد الرزاق طوقان
19/ 4/ 2020
Example 1:- A 3.6-m W12x96 is subjected to bending about
the strong (major) axis and compressive loads in a braced
frame. It is bent in single curvature with equal and opposite
end moments and is not loaded transversely. Use Grade 50
steel. Is the section satisfactory if Pu = 3200 KN and first-
order moment Mntx = 240 KN.m.
Solution:-
W12 x 96
A = 18.19*103 mm2 bf /2 = 6.76 h/ = 17.7
Zx = 2409*103 mm3 Sx = 2147x103 mm3 rx = 138.2 mm
ry = 78.5 mm LP = 3.33 m Lr = 14.21 m
1- Check for local buckling:-
λ= ≤ λp = 0.38√ = 9.15 … The flange is compact
λ= ≤ λp = 1.12√ *[2.33 - ] ≥ 1.49√
λ= ≤ λp = 47.55 ≥ 35.875 … The web is compact
The section is compact
2- Capacity of column:-
Assume KX = Ky = 1 for a braced frame.
Buckling is about weak axis.
( )
Fe = ( )
( )
4.71√ = 4.71√ = 113.4
4.71√ = 113.4
Inelastic column Buckling
Fcr = [ ].Fy = [ ].345 = 295.8 MPa
Øc .Pn = Øc .Ag .Fcr
Øc .Pn = 0.9* *295.8 = 4842.6 KN
From SAP2000, Øc .Pn = 4845.308 KN
3- Capacity of beam:-
Lp= 3.33 m < Lb = 3.6 m ≤ Lr = 21.14 m
Inelastic Lateral Torsional Buckling
Mp = Zx.Fy = 2409 *103 * 345 = 831.105 KN.m
Mr = 0.7 Sx.Fy = 0.7*2147 *103 * 345 = 518.8 KN.m
= 1 for uniform bending moment.
Øb. = . [MP - (Mp - Mr)*( ) ≤ Øb.Mp = 748 KN.m
Øb. = 741KN.m
From SAP2000, Øb .Mn = 741KN.m
4- Magnification factor:-
Cm = 0.6 – 0.4. ( ) = 0.6 – (- ) = 1 ≥ 0.4
( )( )
Pe =
( ) ( )
ꞵ1 = = = 1.064 ≥ 1
MUX = ꞵ1.Mnt = 1.064*240 = 255.45 KN.m
5- Interaction equation:-
[ ]≤1
0.66 + [ ] = 0.97 ≤ 1
From SAP2000, Ratio (R) = 0.947
The section is satisfactory
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Example 2:- Check the adequacy of an ASTM A992
W14x90 column subjected to an axial force of 2200 KN and
a second order bending moment of 400kN.m.The column is
4.2m long, is bending about the strong axis, and has a
buckling length of 4.2m about the y-axis and an unbraced
length of the compression flange of 4.2m.
Solution:-
W14 x 90
A = 17.1*103 mm2 bf /2 = 10.2 h/ = 25.9
Zx = 2573*103 mm3 Sx = 2343x103 mm3 rx = 156 mm
ry = 94 mm LP = 3.98 m Lr = 12.97 m
1- Check for local buckling:-
λ= ≥ λp = 0.38√ = 9.15
λ= ≤ λr = 1√ = 24
λp = 9.15 ≤ λ = ≤ λr = 24 … The flange is non-compact
λ= ≤ λp = 1.12√ *[2.33 - ] ≥ 1.49√
λ= ≤ λp = 51.57 ≥ 35.875 … The web is compact
The section is non-compact
2- Capacity of column:-
Assume KX = Ky = 1 for a braced frame.
Buckling is about weak axis.
( )
Fe = ( )
( )
4.71√ = 4.71√ = 113.4
4.71√ = 113.4
Inelastic column Buckling
Fcr = [ ].Fy = [ ].345 = 298.12 MPa
Øc .Pn = Øc .Ag .Fcr
Øc .Pn = 0.9* *298.12 = 4588.092942 KN
From SAP2000, Øc .Pn = 4585.480 KN
3- Capacity of beam:-
Because flange is non-compact
λp = 9.15 ≤ λ = ≤ λr = 24
Inelastic Lateral Torsional Buckling
Mp = Zx.Fy = 2573*103 * 345 = 887.685 KN.m
Mr = 0.7 Sx.Fy = 0.7*2343 *103 * 345 = 565.8345 KN.m
= 1 for uniform bending moment.
Is the minimum of:-
= . [MP - (Mp - Mr)*( ) = 879.8 KN.m
Or, = [MP - (Mp - Mr)*( ) = 864.9279 KN.m
Øb. = 0.9*864.9279 = 778.435 KN.m ≤ Øb.Mp = 798.9 KN.m
From SAP2000, Øb .Mn = 777.85 KN.m
4- Interaction equation:-
[ ]≤1
0.48 + [ ] = 0.94 ≤ 1
From SAP2000, Ratio (r) = 0.938
The section is satisfactory
Example 3:- Select a W shape of A992 steel for the beam-
column of the following figure. This member is part of a
braced frame and is subjected to the service-load axial force
and bending moments shown (the end shears are not shown).
Bending is about the strong axis, and Kx = Ky = 1.0. Lateral
support is provided only at the ends. Assume that B1 = 1.0.
Solution:-
Pu = 1.2PD + 1.6PL = 1.2*240 + 1.6*650 = 1328 KN.
Mntx = 1.2MD + 1.6ML = 1.2*24.4 + 1.6*66.4 = 135.52 KN.m.
B1 = 1.0, Mux = B1.Mntx = 1.0*135.52 = 135.52 KN.m
[ ]≤1
Multiply the equation by
* + * + * * =
Assume
= Zx. Fy
= Zy. Fy
Pn = Ag .Fcr
* + * + * * =
= = * + * + * *
Fcr = 0.7. Fy
= * + * + * *
= 150 mm and =4
= * + * + *
For example:-
Pu = 1328 KN.
Mux = 135.52 KN.m
= * +( * )
= 405.033 KN.m
Design as beam:-
= = = 1304.456202 mm3
Select the lightest weight section with ≥ 1304.456202 mm3
Try W12 x 58
A = 10.97*103 mm2 bf /2 = 7.82 h/ = 27
Zx = 1416*103 mm3 Sx = 1278x103 mm3 rx = 134.1 mm
ry = 63.8 mm LP = 2.7 m Lr = 9.12 m
1- Check for local buckling:-
λ= ≤ λp = 0.38√ = 9.15 … The flange is compact
λ= ≤ λp = 1.12√ *[2.33 - ] ≥ 1.49√
λ= ≤ λp = 52.32 ≥ 35.875 … The web is compact
The section is compact
2- Capacity of column:-
Assume KX = Ky = 1 for a braced frame.
Buckling is about weak axis.
( )
Fe = ( )
( )
4.71√ = 4.71√ = 113.4
4.71√ = 113.4
Inelastic column Buckling
Fcr = [ ].Fy = [ ].345 = 237.283 MPa
Øc .Pn = Øc .Ag .Fcr
Øc .Pn = 0.9* *237.283 = 2342.7 KN
From SAP2000, Øc .Pn = 2248.625 KN
3- Capacity of beam:-
Lp= 2.7 m < Lb = 4.8 m ≤ Lr = 9.12 m
Inelastic Lateral Torsional Buckling
Mp = Zx.Fy = 1416 *103 * 345 = 488.52 KN.m
Mr = 0.7 Sx.Fy = 0.7*1278 *103 * 345 = 308.637 KN.m
= 1 for uniform bending moment.
Øb. = . [MP - (Mp - Mr)*( ) ≤ Øb.Mp = 439.67 KN.m
Øb. = 386.7KN.m
From SAP2000, Øb .Mn = 386.679 KN.m
4- Interaction equation:-
[ ]≤1
0.57 + [ ] = 0.88 ≤ 1
From SAP2000, Ratio (r) = 0.869
The section is satisfactory
►Use W12 x 58
