Prepared By
Md. Sohel Rana
Lecturer, Dept. of URP, PUST
What is Physical Planning ????????
Physical planning is concerned with the general pattern of land-use, the
character and location of public buildings and structures, the design of
streets, the location and development of transit and transportation systems,
and all other physical facilities which are necessary or desirable to promote
the economic betterment, comfort, convenience, and the general welfare.
What are the Principles of Physical Planning???
Five major Principles of Physical Planning are:
• Sustainability
• Land-Use Patterns
• Natural and Cultural Resources
• Access and Transportation
• Life style
SUSTAINABILITY
• Promote sustainable practices in development
• Promote sustainable practices in operations
• Encourage broad-based sustainability initiatives
LAND-USE PATTERNS
• Respect the natural environment and preserve open space as much
as possible
• Integrate the natural and built environment
• Encourage sustainability and efficiency in building layouts
NATURAL AND CULTURAL RESOURCES
• Respect major landscape and vegetation features
• Maintain continuity of wildlife habitats
• Design exterior landscaping to be compatible with surrounding
native plant communities
• Maintain natural surface drainage flows as much as possible
• Protect historic and prehistoric cultural resources
ACCESS AND TRANSPORTATION
• Ease of access ( roads, bridges etc.)
• Parking facilities
• Transportation facilities ( buses, metros,… etc)
LIFE STYLE
• Enrich the experience for all inhabitants
• Offer adequate housing opportunities for all its inhabitants
• Create an array of facilities that enrich the quality of the city
APPROACHES TO PHYSICAL PLANNING
There are two approaches to Physical Planning:
• Rationalistic Approach
• Incremental Approach
APPROACHES TO PHYSICAL PLANNING
• In Rationalistic Approach we go in for a Comprehensive Plan; but
the cost (in terms of money and time consumption) of
Comprehensive Surveys and Comprehensive Plan in much more.
• The other approach is Incremental Approach, plans are made in
terms of projects; the cost of surveying and plans are much less.
This also get the support politicians as it gives quick results to the
people. The main drawback of this is that, each project may not
add up to a Perspective Plan on its own unless it has Perspective
from the very beginning. None of the small project is a complete
solution to the problems.
Goals of Physical Planning
• The Goal statement may change in certain time, as priorities may
change in time . So ordering of priorities may become necessary . Hence
Goals are divided into long term and short term goals. The long term
goals are amenable to Rationalistic Approach of Planning and short term
goals are amenable to the Incremental approach.
• Purpose of planning is to define the change and to create the means to
bring the change. To see whether a plan is correct or not we adopt
monitoring i.e., we device some test to indicate to us whether the plan
is approaching the proper direction or not. These are called the
“Indicators”.
INDICATORS OF PHYSICAL PLANNIING
A planner is concerned with the living , working , recreation and other
activities of the people and hence , three types of Indicators , are under
Urban Physical Indicators :
SOCIAL INDICATORS :
These are general indicators which can be broadly defined as „measures of
aggregate wellbeing among the persons and families within a society , a city ,
a neighbourhood‟
INDICATORS OF PHYSICAL PLANNIING
IMPACT INDICATORS : These are specific indicators to access the impact
of a plan. Following a plan , the items which has been provided are
closely scrutinized to see whether the promises made in the plan are
fulfilled or not.
PERFORMANCE INDICATORS : These are precise indicators. When various
activities of a town starts functioning , then we realize whether the plan
is functional or not as many frictions amongst the different items may
arise. This can be got by “ Cost Benefit” analysis. The plans should not
only be economically viable and physically possible but also be socially
acceptable . Performance Indicators are calculating , so they are
precise.
THANKS TO ALL
