Common Functions Function Integral
Constant ∫a dx ax + C
Variable ∫x dx x2/2 + C
Square ∫x2 dx x3/3 + C
Reciprocal ∫(1/x) dx ln|x| + C
Exponential ∫ex dx ex + C
∫ax dx ax/ln(a) + C
∫ln(x) dx x ln(x) − x + C
Trigonometry (x
in radians) ∫cos(x) dx sin(x) + C
∫sin(x) dx -cos(x) + C
∫sec2(x) dx tan(x) + C
Rules Function Integral
Multiplication by constant ∫cf(x) dx c∫f(x) dx
Power Rule (n≠-1) ∫xn dx xn+1n+1 + C
Sum Rule ∫(f + g) dx ∫f dx + ∫g dx
Difference Rule ∫(f - g) dx ∫f dx - ∫g dx
Integration by Parts See Integration by Parts
Substitution Rule See Integration by Substitution
We can move the 6 outside the integral:
∫6x dx = 6∫x dx
2 2
And now use the Power Rule on x2:
= 6 x33 + C
Simplify:
= 2x3 + C
Example: What is ∫cos x + x dx ?
Use the Sum Rule:
∫cos x + x dx = ∫cos x dx + ∫x dx
Work out the integral of each (using table above):
= sin x + x2/2 + C