Introduction to GTS NX

for Geotechnical FE Modeling & Analysis

MIDAS Information Technology

Integrated Solver Optimized for the next generation 64-bit platform

Finite Element Solutions for Geotechnical Engineering
 01. Product Overview

02. Modeling

03. Geotechnical FE Analysis

04. Post - Processing

05. Project Applications

Integrated Solver Optimized for the next generation 64-bit platform

Finite Element Solutions for Geotechnical Engineering
Framework
GTS NX
User-friendly and intuitive GUI
GTS NX

[Single dialog box of tabs grouped for

similar & related functions]

[Multi-window]

[Guide image explaining

how to use the functionality]

Intuitive ribbon menu, tapped dialog box with image guide and multi-window
Framework - User-friendly and intuitive GUI
GTS NX
64-bit environment platform
GTS NX

Next Generation Automated

Universal Solver
Platform Modeling

Complete support for 64-bit Stabilized geometric operation New MIDAS solver

Control large scale model Diverse automatic tools Advanced analysis conditions
Work flow for practical analysis tasks
GTS NX

Automatic generation of shared

surfaces function

Generate ground surface through Modeling Analysis section

TGM 자동 요소망 생성

Check shared surfaces

Check results
Define analysis conditions and Hybrid Mesh generation
run the high performance analysis
Geometry modeling
GTS NX
Generation of 3D topography/layers
GTS NX

[Automatically generate
3D geological stratum
[Create ground surface using topographic map] through actual field data]

Create 3D ground surface using topographic map and wizard

for generating geological stratum through actual field data
Generation of 3D topography/layers
GTS NX
Automated modeling functions
GTS NX

Imprint points

[Automatically generate 3D solid

shared surfaces]

[Automatically generate connecting

points in lines passing solid]

[임프린트 자동 생성]
Save time and avoid errors through the automatic generation function for
3D solid shared surfaces and imprints
CAD compatibility &
interface with other MIDAS Software GTS NX
CAD compatibility &
interface with other MIDAS Software GTS NX
Civil
Bridge structure foundation
Gen / Ground coupled analysis

Architectural structure foundation

/ Ground coupled analysis

SoilWorks
2D FE ↔ 3D Analysis connectivity

Model information compatibility with MIDAS software,

which provides a full-modeling interface for soil-structure interaction
Robust and fast speed for geometric operation
GTS NX

Version Divide Speed

GTS 20 sec (38 failures)

5 sec
GTS NX
(Completed 100%)

115 Solids

Version Divide Speed Version Divide Speed 90%

GTS 39 sec (5 failures) GTS 89 sec (Completed)

22 sec Less than 1 sec

GTS NX GTS NX
(Completed 100%) (Completed 100%)
Optimized mesh generation of
various element types GTS NX
 Hybrid-mesh with hexahedral elements
GTS NX

Hexa elem. Tetra elem.

Pyramid elem.
Tetra elem.
Prism elem.

Element configuration
of hybrid mesh
Pyramid elem.
(connect hexa and tetra)

Hexa elem.

[Tetrahedral elements] [Hybrid elements]

[can be checked through consistent structure results

without any changes in element coordinate system]

Addition of high quality hybrid mesh capability (applicable to all analysis types)
in order to extract highly accurate results
 Speed enhancement for auto meshing
GTS NX
176sec
78% faster

Solids 62 39sec

Elements 110,000
Nodes 160,000

GTS GTS NX
Solids 142
Elements 1,950.000
326.5sec
Nodes 340,000
93% faster

21.7sec

GTS GTS NX

Significant decrease in time spent generating mesh through: an enhancement in the meshing
engine and DB structures, optimum use of multi-thread functions
 Boundary conditions for various analysis types
GTS NX

General
Supports (Auto, Manual)
Change Material Property
Beam End Release
Shell End Release
Water Level
[Line(2D), Surface(3D)]
Water Level for Mesh Set

Seepage / Fully Coupled Analysis

Nodal Head
Nodal Flux
Surface Flux
Review (Potential Seepage Review)

Slope Stability Analysis

Circular Slip Surface
Polygonal Slip Surface
Consolidation Analysis
Draining Condition
Non Consolidation
Dynamic Analysis
Transmitting Boundary
Elastic / Viscous Boundary
Load assignment reflecting field conditions
GTS NX

Static Loads
Self weight
Force
Moment
Displacement
Pressure
Water pressure
Line beam load Automatic transfer to FE

Element beam load

Temperature
Prestress
Initial equilibrium force
Combined load

Dynamic Loads
Response spectrum
Ground acceleration
Time varying static
Dynamic nodal
Dynamic surface
Load to Mass
Train Dynamic Load Table

All load conditions can be applied both to geometry and element

Automated live load data
GTS NX

[Automatic generation of rail live loads]

[Vehicular live load results]

Automatic calculation of rail live loads and arrival time for non-uniform interval nodes
 Auto generation of construction stages
GTS NX

Ring-cut
excavation

[Settings for multiple

construction stage sets] Bench-cut
excavation

[Automatic generation of
construction stages]

Show/hide modes for

load/boundary conditions

Show/hide modes for mesh

[모델화면의 정보를 기준으로 시공단계 자동 정의]

Automatic generation of construction stages through graphical show/hide modes in model screen,
definition of multiple construction stage sets
 Geotechnical analysis
GTS NX

• Linear static analysis

• Nonlinear static analysis

• Strength Reduction Method (SRM) Static • Stress (drained/undrained) analysis

• Strength Analysis Method (SAM) Analysis • Seepage analysis for each stage
• Construction stages Slope stability • Stress-seepage- slope coupled
(SRM/SAM) Slope Construction • Consolidation analysis for each stage
Stability Stage • Fully coupled stress & seepage
Analysis Analysis

Consoli-
Dynamic
dation
Analysis
Analysis
• Eigenvalue/Reaction Spectrum analysis
• Linear Time History (mode/direct methods)
• Nonlinear Time History analysis Stress–
• Consolidation Analysis
• 1D/2D Equivalency Linear analysis Seepage seepage
fully • Stress–seepage fully coupled analysis
• Nonlinear time history + SRM Coupled Analysis
coupled

• Steady state
seepage analysis
• Transient
seepage analysis
Element library
GTS NX

1D
Geogrid(1D)
Plot only(1D)
Truss
Embedded truss
Beam
Pile
2D
Geogrid(2D)
Plot only(2D)
Gauging shell
Axisymmetric
Shell
Plane stress
Plane strain
3D
Solid
Applicable
Rigid link
Pile tip
User specified behavior
for Shell interface
Point spring
Matrix spring
Interface
Shell interface
Elastic link
Material Models & Functions
GTS NX
 High-performance parallel solver
(MultiCore / GPU support) GTS NX

→ In core computing
→ Parallel solver

[Multi threaded element computation] Pivot (CPU)

Update stiffness and residual(K i , f i ) thread0

Update stiffness and residual(K i , f i ) thread1

Scale (GPU)
Update stiffness and residual(K i , f i ) thread2 Out of core
Update stiffness and residual(K i , f i ) thread3 Update (GPU)
In core

Element Computing Save Element Matrix Solve Linear Equation

Thread
Thread
Nonlinear load increment
In Core or Out of Core

Thread Thread
Support and operation for large-scale models
GTS NX

Solids 526

Solids 3,250
Elements 394,100
Nodes 75,112
Mesh sets 1,004
No. of stages 700
Elements 511,973
Nodes 80,903

New framework for 64-bit and improvement in functions through new graphics engine
 64-bit unified solver (GPU support)
GTS NX

Elements 834,293

Elements 1,113,497 Nodes 394,802

Nodes 197,692 DOF 1,184,406

Version Static Nonlinear (12stages) Version Analysis time

12x faster GTS 29min 20sec - GTS 30min 10sec
10x faster

GTS NX 5min 10sec 5hr 10min GTS NX 6min 45sec

GTS NX GTS NX
2min 30sec 2hr 3min 3min 5sec
(GPU) (GPU)

All types of analysis available for 64-bit advanced solver, Faster through utilizing GPU
Convergence & Analysis Speed
GTS NX

Bi-section method
→ Automatic load step ext
Divergence

f n1
→ Stable stress convergence regardless of
the magnitude of applied load ext
fn1/2
Iteration by Bi-section method
ext
fn1/4
Consistent tangent matrix
f next ui1
→ Faster convergence speed of nonlinear analysis
ui1/2
ε n 1  ε n  ε ui1/4
Automatic Bi-section
 n+1
trial

ε np1  ε np  n 1rn 1

 e
q n 1  q n  n 1h n 1
un u n1/4 u n1/2 u n1
σ n 1  C :  ε n 1  ε np1 
f n 1  f  σ n 1 , q n 1   0

 n+1  dσ 
n Calg   
 dε n 1

f n+1  0 (yield surface)

 High quality mesh (Hybrid mesh) &
Bonded contact GTS NX

 Hybrid mesh for securing accurate results

 Bonded contacts: Auto-searching adjacent elements and auto-processing bonded
contacts (for 3D analysis), Continuity – Compatibility Guaranteed

Model using contacts

(connect tunnel and ground)

Coincident nodes model

Tetra elem.
(without contacts)
Hexa elem.
Pyramid elem.
Tetra elem.
Prism elem.

Element configuration
Pyramid elem. Final construction stage
of hybrid mesh
(connect tetras and quads) 0.97% difference in the
Hexa elem. maximum total displacement

Hexa elem. with accurate results at the boundaries, partial tetra elem. inside the model
Rigid / Fixed contact
GTS NX

[Difficulty in creating
shared surfaces]

[Automatic search for free faces and

endowment of conditions for rigid
contact]

[Schematic diagram showing [Analysis results with contact definition]

[Analysis results with the structure excavation]
rigid contact]

Rigid contact functions which ensures continuity of analysis results

Analysis control
GTS NX

 Analysis type considering water level

- Linear, Nonlinear, Eigenvalues, Time history analysis, etc.
- 3D water level, Partial saturation property, Negative pore
pressure
 Auto water pressure
 Initial stress analysis considering only weight

Create water pressure with ‘Pressure Load’ Axial force result

(water pressure values manually defined)

‘Auto Consider Water Pressure’ checked in

Analysis Control Options analysis control Axial force result
(consider water pressure automatically on
excavation line/surface)
Auto-reflection of water level
GTS NX

[Automatic generation of 3D water level surfaces] [Automatic calculation of seepage force]

[Seepage parameters]

[3D seepage analysis considering

partial saturation] [Seepage force + Automatic water pressure]

3D water level considered in all types of analysis,

automatic calculation of seepage force according to height of water level
Analysis Improvements:
Slope Stability GTS NX

 Extension of material models (addition of DP and MMC)

 Improved accuracy by Arc-length Method
 Faster analysis speed by Bi-section Method

Elements 22,186 without arc-length

Nodes 33,858

with arc-length
Version FOS Analysis time
w/o arc- 86% faster
1.66 2hr 15min
length
w arc-
1.82 19min
length Comparison of equivalent plastic strain
 Analysis Improvements:
Fully-Coupled Analysis GTS NX

0.0
<Suction drain> 0 50 100 150 200 250 300
- Suction drain: -50 kPa (60days) Residual displacement
-0.2

-0.4
Max displacement
-0.6

Suction drain period Suction drain removed

[Maximum displacement vs. time]

[Pore pressure distribution with suction drain]

<Excavation - dewatering>
- Comparison of sequential and fully-coupled analysis

[Vertical displacement after 22 days]

Analysis Improvements:
Advanced analysis options GTS NX

[In-situ analysis options]

[Blasting influence check]

[Horizontal stress considering in-situ

condition]

[Blasting influence subjected to self weight] [Horizontal stress not considering in-situ
condition]

Dynamic response check using initial stress subjected to self weight and Ko condition
 Analysis Improvements:
Non-linear dynamic analysis GTS NX

[Blasting load]
[Linear dynamic analysis results]
Relative Displacement of Tunnel
0.03

Relative Displacement T1(m)

0.02

0.01

0.00

-0.01

-0.02

-0.03
0 5 10 15
Time(sec)

Linear Non-linear

[Seismic Slope Stability] [Comparison of

[Nonlinear dynamic analysis results]
linear-nonlinear displacements]

Seismic check considering nonlinear behavior of real ground with nonlinear dynamic analysis
 Benchmarks & Verifications
GTS NX
Griffiths, D.V and Lane, P.A., Slope stability
analysis by finite elements,
Geotechnique, 1999
→ All material and element types are verified by reference models
→ More than 100 problems are demonstrated

Salencon, J., Contraction Quasi-Statique

D’une Cavite a Symetrie Shield, R. T., and Drucker, D. C.,
Spherique Ou Cylindrique Dans The Application of Limit Analysis to
Terzaghi, K. and Peck, R. B., Punch-Indentation Problems,
UnMilieu Elastoplastique,
Soil Mechaanics in Journal of Applied Mechanics, 1953
Annales Des Ponts Et Chaussees, 1969
Engineering Practice, 1967
1.80
600

1.60

500
1.40

1.20
Normalized stress

400
Pressure [kPa]

1.00

300
0.80
QUAD4 (Radial)
0.60
QUAD4 (Tangential) 200

0.40
Analytical (Radial)
Reference
100
0.20 Analytical (Tangential) QUAD-8
HEXA-20
0.00
0 2 4 6 8 10 0
0.00 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.10 0.12
Radius [m]
Vertical Displacement [m]
Graphic based output
GTS NX

[Printing result images/graphs] [3D flow path result animation]

[3D→2D results wizard] [Section diaphragm (line/surface)]

Improve post processing speed and printing 2D section results from 3D analysis results
Extraction and visualization results
GTS NX

[Print multi-step
lines/surfaces] [Connect multi-step animation results]

[Print force sum of specified

section (solid/shell)]

[Print clipping results]

 3D PDF report & analysis summary
GTS NX

[Summary of analysis results]

[Print analysis results]

[Decibel reference levels (ISO R 1683)]

Quantity Definition Ref. level

Acc. Level La = 20 log10 (a/a0) dB a0 = 10-6 m/s2 [3D PDF]

Amplitude Vel. Level Lv = 20 log10 (v/v0) dB v0 = 10-9 m/s

Dis. level Ld = 20 log10 (d/d0) dB d0 = 10-12 m

[변위 / 속도 / 가속도 - 데시벨 변환]

Printable PDF file that includes an adjustable 3D view and a decibel unit transformation feature for
measuring noises
Tunnel
GTS NX
Slope Stability
GTS NX
Foundation
GTS NX
Excavation / Temporary Structures
GTS NX
Soft soil / Embankment
GTS NX
Hydraulic & Underground Structures
GTS NX
Dubai Tower (Qatar)
GTS NX
Palazzo Versace and D1 Tower (UAE)
GTS NX
Abu Dhabi Tower (UAE)
GTS NX
King’s Cross Station (UK)
GTS NX
Trans-Hudson Express & Station Cavern (USA)
GTS NX
Trans-Hudson Express Dyer Avenue
Fan Plant (USA) GTS NX
Helsinki Subway Western Expansion
(Finland) GTS NX
Final Disposal Facility
Posiva’s ONKALO (Finland) GTS NX
ODEON TOWER (France)
GTS NX
Highway Construction
GTS NX
Concrete-face Rock-fill Dam(CFRD)
GTS NX
Navy Station’s Breakwater
GTS NX
Underground Structure
GTS NX
 Thank you
Integrated Solver Optimized for the next generation 64-bit platform
Finite Element Solutions for Geotechnical Engineering