BOYLES LAW

Is an experimental gas law that describes how the pressure of a gas tends to
increase as the volume of the container decreases.

Example:

1. A balloon contains 9.2 of He. The pressure is reduced to 2.75 atm and the
balloon expands to occupy a volume of 23.1L. What was the initial pressure
exerted on the balloon.

P1 = ? P2 = 2.75 atm

V1 = 9.2L V2 = 23.1L

P1 = P2V1/V2

P1 = 2.75 atm x 9.2 He/ 23.1L = 1.10 atm

2. A gas tank holds 2785L or propane, C3H8, at 850 mm Hg. What is the volume
of the propane at standard pressure?

P1 = 850 mm Hg P2 = 760 mm Hg

V1 = 2785L V2 = ?

V2 = P1V1/P2

V2 = 850 mm Hg x 2785L/ 760mm Hg = 3,114.80 L

CHARLES LAW
-Is an experimental gas law that describes how gases tend to

expand when heated.

1. A sample of oxygen occupies a volume of 160 dm3 at 910C. What will be

V1 = 160 dm3 V2 = ?

T1 = 910C + 273 =364k T2 = 0.000C + 273= 273K

V2 = V1×T2/T1

V2 = 160 dm3×273k/364k= 120 dm3 O2

2. 568 cm3 of chlorine at 250C will occupy what volume at -250C

V1 = 568 cm3 V2 = ?

T1 = 250C + 273 = 298K T2 = 230C + 273= 296K

V2 = V1×T2/T1

V2 = 521dm3× 296k/ 291K = 530. dm3 He

1. Determine the pressure change when a constant volume of gas at 1.00 atm
is heated 20.00C to 30.00 C.

P1 = 1.00 atm T1 = 20.00C+273 = 293k

P2 = ? T2 = 30.00C+273 = 303k

P2 = P1/T1×T2

P2 = 1.00 atm/ 293k x 303k= 1.03atm

2. A gas has a pressure of 699.0 mm Hg at 40.00C. What is the temperature at

P1 = 699.0 mm Hg P2 = 760.0 mm Hg

T1 = 40.00C + 273= 313K T2= ?

T2 =P2 xT1 / P1

T2 = 760 mm Hg x 313k/ 699.0 mm Hg = 340.32k

AVOGADRO’S LAW
- states that the volume occupied by an ideal gas is directly proportional to
the number of molecules of the gas present in the container.

1. 5.00L of gas is known to contain 0.965 mol. If the amount of gas is increased
to 1.80 mol, what new volume will result ( at an unchanged temperature and
pressure)?

V1= 5.00L V2= ?

n1= 0.965 mol n2= 1.80 mol

V2 = V1 x n2/n1

V2= 5.00L x 1.80 mol/0.965 mol = 9.33L

2. A 6.00L sample at 250C and 2.00 atm contains 0.500 mol of a gas. If we add
0.250 mol of gas at the same pressure and temperature, what is the final total
volume of the gas?

V1 = 6.00L V2= ?

n1= 0.500 mol n2 = 0.500 mol + 0.250 mol= 0.750 mol

V2= V1x n1/n2

V2= 6.00L x 0.500 mol/0.750 mol = 9.00L

1. A sample of sulfur dioxide occupies a volume of 652 mL at 400C and 720 mm

P1 = 720 mm Hg P2 = 760 mmHg

V1 = 652 mL V2 = ?

T1 = 400C+ 273 = 313k T2 = 00C + 273= 273k

V2 = P1V1/T1T2/P2

V2 = 720 mm Hg x 652 mL x 273k / 313k x 760 mm Hg = 540 mL

2. A sample of nitrogen gas occupies a volume of 2.00L at 756 mm Hg and

P1 = 756 mm Hg P2 = ?

V1 = 2.00L V2 = 4.00L

T1 = 0.000C+ 273= 273k T2 = 137k

P2 = P1V1/T1xT2/V2

P2 = 756 mm Hg x 2.00L/ 273k x 137k/4.00L = 190 mm Hg

IDEAL GAS LAW

1. What is gas’s temperature in Celsius when it has a volume of 25L, 203 mol,
143.5atm?

P=143.5 atm V=25L

n=203 mol R=0.0820574 [Link]/mol.k

T=?

T= PV/nR

T= (143.5 atm)(25L)/(203 mol)([Link]/k mol)= 215.4k

2. 5.0g of neon is at 256 mm Hg and at a temperature of 350C. What is the

P= 256 mm Hg V=?

n=5.0 g T= 350C

V=nRT/P

V= (0.25 mol)(0.8206 Latm/kmol)(308k)/(0.3368 atm)= 19L