“PATTARADDAY: UNITY IN DIVERSITY AT SAN ANDRES, SANTIAGO

CITY”

An Ethnographic/Historical Researches

Final Requirement in

READINGS IN PHILIPPINE HISTORY

GEC 02

Submitted to:

MR. CHRISTOPHER R. BIUAG

Instructor

Submitted by:

JONATHAN M. TOLENTINO
Researcher

DECEMBER 6, 2019
 FOREWORD

As a part of my local community, I've noticed that festivals bring a huge impact

in socializing and bridging the gap between the cultural differences of a certain

community. Whereas, in our place, there's a certain festival that exist before and has

been already replaced but still remains in our mind. It is the Pattaradday festival, that's

been a part of our history and culture as a Santiagueño.

I opted to make a study about this particular festival to get prior knowledge

about it, which I can share for other members of our community. This will help in

recognizing the signficance of the festival that once become a part of our culture and

now, our history.

CHAPTER 1

THE PROBLEM AND IT BACKGROUND

The chapter presents the etiology and inspiration of the study as it redefies the

foundation of its body from where it was originated. Moreover, it provides a view of

the essence of the birth of this wonderful study.

INTRODUCTION

Every place has its own identity, that can be seen through certain practices

performed by the peoples who are living on it. Those are cultural identities that are

very significant in showcasing the beliefs and traditions of a community,

 Festivals are traditionally organized by the local community, and often

celebrated with a theme that has developed from within the community itself. It is one

of the major events that are always present in every place in our country.

A considerable number of festivals celebrated in the country are of religious

origin, honoring the city or provinces patron saint. A mass, novenas, grand parade,

beauty pageants, processions, and many other activities are prepared fort his special

day that brings all the whole community together to express gratitude to God.

Aside from religious aspect, festivals are also made to highlight and bring to

the fore the community’s unique confluence of culture, and ethno-linguistic influences.

Community festivals provide members of a community with opportunities to engage

in socialization, entertainment and the establishment of social networks, which can

contribute to the enhancement of cohesion and the building of social capital within a

community. (Small, 2007)

One of the most commonly known festival in Santiago City before is the

Pattaradday Festival which is celebrated every year as part of the city’s foundation

day. The term “Pattaradday” is the Ibanag word for “unity”, the festivity was initiated

by civic leaders to put to the fore the cities identity and diverse origin.

San Andres is a barangay that can be found in Santiago city, in the province of

Isabela. It is a commonly known barangay in the town as it is where the city hall is

located. The city hall tends to be the major setting of the Pattaradday festival, it is

where the trade-fair, street dance contest, parades and other major events of the said

festival takes place.

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

The study is endeavored to investigate and seek information about the festival

that were annually celebrated in the past and has been a part of the local history of

Santiago city. Specifically, it sought to answer the following inquiries:

1. How does Pattaradday festival has been celebrated before?

2. Why is the said festival important to the people of barangay San Andres?

3. How does the festival affects their socio-cultural relationship?

4. How does the festival leaves impact and contribute in the betterment of the city?

5. What makes Pattaradday festival different/unique from the current and present

festival in the city?

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The study “Pattaradday: Celebrating Unity in Diversity at San Andres, Santiago

City” will endeavor to benefit the following:

To the Citizen of Barangay San Andres. The study will help in giving essential

informations into the people of the said barangay, as the result of the study will be

disseminated. It will also serve as a bridge for them to commemorate the past events

that became a part of the community’s history.

To the Community. The study can generate, interpret and verify facts in regard with

the history of the community, specifically about the festival that’s been celebrated in
the past. It will help in shaping and identifying the community’s identity, as the study

will look back and present the culture from the past into the present.

To the field of Research. The study will be advantageous to the future researchers

who will conduct research in the same field, this research study will provide

information that can widen their knowledge and can serve as part of their Review of

Related Literature and Studies.

SCOPE AND LIMITATION

The study will focus in seeking information about the Pattaradday festival that’s

been annually celebrated in Santiago City before. The informants/participants of the

study will be limited only on those who are residing at Barangay San Andres, Santiago

city as it is where the festival’s festivities usually take place. The study will be done

through conducting of interviews and/or discussions with the participants.

Lastly, only the topic "Pattaradday: Celebrating Unity in Diversity at San

Andres, Santiago City" is included and scrutinized in this research study.

DEFINITION OF TERMS

Pattaradday

It is an Ibanag word which means “Unity”.

Pattaradday Festival
 It is the annual festival in Santiago City that has been inaugurated by the former

City Mayor Amy Navarro in the year 2000 and been celebrated continuously until 2014

where in it has been replaced by the Balamban festival courtesy of present Mayor

Joseph Tan.

Barangay San Andres

It is a barangay located at Santiago city, wherein the city hall is located. It is

also one of the major setting of the festivities of Pattaradday Festival.

Socio-cultural Relationship

It refers with the interaction, collaboration and relationship of two or more

peoples who have different set of beliefs, customs, practices and behavior that exist

within a population.

Cultural Identity

It refers in the way how a certain community is recognized and known for based

on its culture, tradition and beliefs.

 CHAPTER 2

METHODS AND PROCEDURE OF THE STUDY

This chapter explains the methods and procedures of gathering and analyzing

of data in this study.

RESEARCH DESIGN

This study used historical research design, for it will assess and seek important

infromations regarding of what happened in the past, particularly with the celebration

of Pattaradday festival. The purpose of a historical research design is to collect, verify

and synthesize evidence from the past to establish facts that defend or refute a

hypothesis. (Thapa, 2017)

SAMPLING TECHNIQUE

This study used a purposive sampling technique as it aims to generate reviews

of events or experiences from the participants of the study. The purposive sampling

technique is a type of non-probability sampling that is most effective when one needs

to study a certain cultural domain with knowledgeable experts within.

DATA COLLECTION TECHNIQUE

The data will be collected through interviews/ discussions with the participants

of the study. The researcher’s generated questions will be asked into the informants in

able to seek essential information about the festival.

 CHAPTER 3

DATA REPRESENTATION, INTERPRETATION AND ANALYSIS

In this chapter, the researcher describe the qualitative analysis of the data. In the

qualitative phases, the researchers analyzed the data into generative themes

which will be describe individually.

Part 1. Profile of the Respondents

Table 1. Profile of the Informants in relation to Age:

Age Frequency Percentage

18-24 1 20%
25-31 1 20%
32-38 2 40%
38-above 1 20%
Total 5 100%

This indicates that majority of the informants are within age range of 32-
38 years old with 2 or 40% compared to other age ranges that has 1 a piece.

Table 2. Profile of the Informants in relation to Sex:

Sex Frequency Percentage

Male 2 40%
Female 3 60%
Total 5 100%

The table shows that most of the informants are male which cover 60% of the
total samples.
Table 3. Profile of the Informants in relation to Religion:

Religion Frequency Percentage

Christianity 4 80%
Islam 1 20%
Total 5 100%

The table indicates that majority of the informants are Christians with 4
or 80% while the other informant is a Muslim.

Table 4. Profile of the Informants in relation to Culture Affiliation:

Culture Affiliation Frequency Percentage

Ilocano 5 100%
Total 5 100%

This indicates that all of the informants are Ilocano.

Part 2. Discussion and Analysis

2.1 Historical Beckground

Q: How does Pattaradday festival has been celebrated before?

Majority of the informants highlighted that Pattaradday festival used to

be fun everytime it's been celebrated before. It is most often occurs during late-

April until May of every year, that makes the summer vacations of Santiagueños

more colorful as it is filled with amusing and entertaining festivities through out

its reign.

The trade-fair that's commonly takes place at the city hall of Santiago city

is one of the favorites of the residents of San Andres as it is occurs within their

own barangay. The festival includes a lot of events such as a grand Santacruzan,

socio-civic awards, a cookfest of local cuisine, revival of indigenous games, and

a kite-flying exhibition, a traditional Spanish-era recreation in Isabela. But the

festival's locus is the Grand Character Parade that consisted of the trademark “La

Gran Batalla” dance based on a Moro-Moro tradition depicting St. James’

conquest of the Moors.

The visiting street dance of other towns' festivals also add color in the

parade, this includes the Bindayan fest, Ibon-ebun festival, Saguibo festival and

Gilon Gilon Bangus festival. But what's been really iconic is the parade of Giant

Papier Mache that signifies the character of Santiago City.

2.2 Importance of the festival

Q: Why is the said festival important to you as a people of barangay San Andres?

The informants states that the festival is important for them because it

promotes their barangay which becomes more popular in the reason of being the

main setting of Santiago city's native festival that reigns for more than a decade.

Aside from that, the festival also helps to make their relationship stronger with

peoples of other barangays, it brings them unification and solidarity.

2.3 Effects on socio-cultural relationship

Q: How does the festival affects your socio-cultural relationship?

The informants indicates that the festival seems like a reunion of the

residents not just by their barangay but the city as a whole. Giving them the

opportunity to collaborate with each other that strengthen their connections and

relationship while highlighting the cultures that are significant for each and

everyone.
 Just like what the former city mayor Amy Navarro who inaugurate the

festival way back on the year 2000 said, and I quote “Pattaradday represents the

peaceful coexistence and unity in diversity among the city’s inhabitants of

diverse backgrounds. It is also home to Muslim, Chinese and Indian minorities,

and a bustling art community making Santiago a cultural melting pot in northern

Luzon.”

2.4 Impacts and contribution of the festival

Q: How does the festival leaves impact and contribute in the betterment of the

city?

The informants assess that the major impact and contribution of the

festival is that it serves as a bridge that connects the diverse cultural differences

of the residents as it unifies the city’s 14 ethno-linguistic groups. The festival

also showcased the economic and politic strides Santiago has made since its

conversion into a city in1994. With the help of the events in a form of dance and

other performances, it helps in relieving the historical practices of the early

Santiagueños that keeps away the different culture from being forgotten.

2.5 Difference of the festival from the present festival

Q: What makes Pattaradday festival different/unique from the current and

present festival in the city?

The informants states that maybe the current festival, Balamban, is

somehow similar with the Pattaradday festival, there are still major differences.

Majority of the informants points out that Pattaraday festival’s presence is more

felt and its advocacy are more worthy of attention. In fact, because of its rich
historical heritage. The festival was named three-time Best Tourism Event from

2006 to 2008 Awardee by the Association of Tourism Officers of the Philippines

(ATOP) and was elevated to its Hall of Fame.

CHAPTER 4

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

This chapters explains the final outcome of this research study, wherein the

summary of the findings, conclusion, and recommendations are given to be easily

understand.

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS

1. Most of the informants are aged between 32-38.

2. Most of the informants are female.

3. Majority of the informants are Christians.

4. All of the informants are Ilocano.

5. Majority of the informants recalls the Pattaradday festival as the more

entertaining festival than the current one.

6. The festival is celebrated during summer of every year, around the month of

April to May.

7. The festival is loaded with events that highlights the different and diverse

ethno-liguistic cultures in the city.

8. The festival is important to the residents of the barangay because it gives

them the opportunity to be with and collaborate with other peoples.

9. The festival brings unity and propagates the improvisation of the resident’s

socio-cultural relationship.

10. The festivities and events of the festival has never failed to bring

amusement and entertainment.

11. The multi-awarded festival brings impacts on the city that will not easily

forgotten by its residents.

12. The festival is similar with the present one, but its advocacy are more

worthy of attention.

CONCLUSIONS

Based on the findings of the study and a systematic collection of data, the

researchers was able to arrive at the following conclusions:

The festival has been celebrated with a lot of events that are mainly

associated in developing the character of the city, showcasing the different

cultures through dance performances and most specially bridging the gap

between the residents diverse cultural differences. It becomes a vital part of the

city’s promotion to become recognized by peoples from other places. It’s been a

representation of the city’s identity which also shows and represent the way of

living of its residents.

Although it has been already replaced by Balamban festival, the impact

of Pattaradday still remains fresh in the mind of the people of barangay San

Andres. In 14 years of its reign as the city’s most popular native festival, it

significantly improves the peoples socio-cultural relationship, one of the main

reason why it is undoubtedly part of the history of Santiago city.

RECOMMENDATIONS
 With the conclusions on hand, the following recommendations are

drawn:

To the Citizen of Barangay San Andres: Retain in mind the prior knowledge

about the Pattradday festival and share those on the younger generation in order

to commemorate and preserve the said festival that has been part of the city’s

history and culture of its residents.

To the community: The current festival should showcase more variety of

cultural-affiliated events that promotes unity despite of diversity. With that being

said it will help the community as a whole to develop solid connections within

its residents that will surely benefit each and everyone.

To the Future Researchers: Do this present study on a more diverse and larger

number of respondents. There should be informants from different barangay that

is enough to represent the city as a whole.

BIBLIOGRAPHY
References:

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satisfaction, festival image, festival affective impacts, and festival quality.
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Chicago

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impact visitor experience, satisfaction and re-visit intention. Journal of Vacation
Marketing, 15(4), 323-333.

Ma, L., & Lew, A. A. (2012). Historical and geographical context in festival
tourism development. Journal of Heritage Tourism, 7(1), 13-31.

Supetran, B. (2013). Santiago City celebrates unity in diversity. Article in

choosephilippines.com.

Lao, M. (2016). Festivals and their importance to Filipinos. Article in

ethnicgroupofthephilippines.com.

Barlaan, M. G. (2013). It's more fun in the Philippines: Santiago city's Pattardday
festival. Article in philstar.com