READINGS IN PHILIPPINE HISTORY NOTES
Order and Congregation of Priest
Augustinian Priest and Historical Sources
1. Fr. Juan de Grijalva
2. Fr. Casimiro Diaz
3. Fr. Joaquin Martinez de Zuñiga
4. Cronica de la Order de N.P.S. Agustin en las provincias de la Nueva España
5. Historia de las Islas Filipinas
Dominican Priest and Historical Sources
1. Fr. Diego de Advante
2. Fr. Baltazar de Santa Cruz
3. Fr. Vicente Salazar
4. Fr. Diego Colantes
5. Fr. Juan Ferrando
6. Historia de la Provincial del Santo Rosario
Franciscan Priest and Historical Sources
1. Fr. Juan de la Plasencia
2. Fr. Francisco de Santa Ines
3. Los Casturibres de los Tagalogs
Jesuits Priest and Historical Sources
1. Fr. Pedro Chirino
2. Fr. Francisco Colin
3. Fr. Pedro Murillo y Velarde
4. Fr. Juan Delgado
5. Relacion de las Islas Filipinas
6. First Map of the Philippine Archipelago
Recollects
1. Fr. Juan de la Concepcion
Secular Historians during the Spanish Period
1. Dr. Antonio de Morga
2. Captain Miguel de Loarca
3. Thomas de Comyn
4. Paul de Goromiere
5. Jose Montero y Vidal
6. Antonio Pigafetta
7. Henry Peddington
8. Dr. Jean Mallat
9. Sir John Browning
10. Dr. Feodor Jagor
11. John Foreman
Ilustrados
1. Dr. Jose Rizal
2. Marcelo del Pilar
3. Graciano Lopez Jaena
4. Pedro Paterno
5. Antonio Luna
6. Mariano Ponce
7. Isabelo de los Reyes
8. Rafael Palma
9. Trinidad Pardo de Tavera
10. Epifanio de los Santos
11. Teodoro M. Kalaw
American Historians
1. Emma Helen Blair
2. James Alexander Robertson
3. Fred Atkinson
4. James Le Roy
5. George Malcolm
6. Joseph Hayden
Historians during the 3 Republic
rd
1. Dr. Nicolas Zafra
2. Dr. Conrado Benitez
3. Dr. Domingo Eufronio Alip
4. Dr. Gregorio Zaide
5. Dr. Antonio Molina
6. Teodoro Agoncillo
7. Renato Constantino
8. William Henry Scott
9. Dr. Landa Jocano
10. Reynaldo Lleto
11. Milagros Guerrero
ANG KARTILYA NG KATIPUNAN
Rule 1. Dedicating and using the wealth of a person to serve people and country.
Rule 2. Doing good things without expecting anything in return.
Rule 3. Emphasized the Love for others.
Rule 4. Espoused mythology of Spaniards regarding their Racial Superiority.
Rule 5. Honor is a fundamental part of becoming human.
Rule 6. Reminder to all members of the Katipunan to value their word.
Rule 7. Importance of accomplishing the task assigned.
Rule 8. Resist Oppression
Rule 9. To be Loyal to the cause of the Katipunan.
Rule 10. Reiterates the very important role and expectation to man.
Rule 11. Showcased the important role of women in society.
Rule 12. Love and Respect for our brethren are emphasized.
Rule 13. Reiteration of the equality of human race.
Primary and Secondary Sources
Primary Sources
Can either be written or non-written ( sound, artefacts, art work, etc.) provide direct or
firsthand evidence about an event, object, person, or work of art.
Examples: Historical and Legal Documents, eyewitness accounts, data, pieces of creative
writing, audio and video recordings, speeches, art objects, photographs, films, journals, letters,
diaries, scrapbooks, published books, newspapers and magazine clippings published at that
time of the event, interviews, eyewitness accounts, clinical reports, treaties and government
publications.
They are not characterized by their format but by the information they convey and their
relationship to the research question. They are often located in the Special Collections of the
Library.
Secondary Sources
Are any account of something that is not a primary source. Published research, newspaper
articles, scholarly or popular books and articles, reference books, textbooks and other media
are typical secondary sources.
Internal Criticisms
Deals with the analysis of the content of the documents. This means that the historian should
evaluate the relevance of the content of the documents to the time and place of the
phenomenon.
Solves the problem of Credibility.
Internal criticism, aka positive criticism, is the attempt of the researcher to restore the meaning
of the text. This is the phase of hermeneutics in which the researcher engages with the
meaning of the text rather than the external elements of the document. Here, more than
before, domain specific knowledge of context is essential.
In this stage of investigation the researcher and exegete engage in positive criticism, which
attempts to restore the meaning of statements, and negative criticism, which places doubt on
what external and positive criticism have established as reasonable findings. Here the
researcher and exegete combat both aesogesis and untrustworthiness.
In positive criticism the historian and exegete assess the literal meaning of the text and the real
meaning of statements. Literal meanings are the immediate meanings of a document and often
fool the immature reader.
External Criticism
Solves the Problem of Authenticity.
External criticism is a process by which historians determine whether a source is authentic by
checking the validity of the source. Internal criticism looks at the reliability of an authenticated
source after it has been subjected to external criticism.
To authenticate a source, historians examine whether or not the language conforms to
language used during the period. They also investigate to see if the purported author exhibits
ignorance of things that someone during that time would know or, conversely, demonstrates
knowledge of things not yet known at the time. External and internal criticism provides the
basic methodology of modern historical research.
History
You may refer on the definitions of History and Historiography on our book from page 1 to 3.
Or you may use these General definitions of History and Definitions of History by Famous
Historians and Men of Science.
It is the branch of knowledge dealing with past events.
A continuous, systematic narrative of past events as relating to a particular people, country,
period, person, etc., usually written as a chronological account; chronicle.
History, the discipline that studies the chronological record of events (as affecting a nation or
people), based on a critical examination of source materials and usually presenting an
explanation of their causes.
John Jacob Anderson
"History is a narration of the events which have happened among mankind, including an
account of the rise and fall of nations, as well as of other great changes which have affected the
political and social condition of the human race."
Historiography
The writing of history, especially the writing of history based on the critical examination of
sources, the selection of particular details from the authentic materials in those sources, and
the synthesis of those details into a narrative that stands the test of critical examination. The
term historiography also refers to the theory and history of historical writing.
