Li-Fi Technology
Presented By
Akshay K
Contents
Introduction
History
Architecture of Li-Fi
How Li-Fi works
Why VLC.?
Wi-Fi vs Li-Fi
Advantages
Applications
Limitations
Future scope
Conclusion
References
Introduction
LiFi is a wireless optical networking technology that
uses light-emitting diodes (LEDs) for data
transmission.
LiFi is designed to use LED light bulbs similar to
those currently in use in many energy-conscious
homes and offices.
However, LiFi bulbs are outfitted with a chip that
modulates the light imperceptibly for optical data
transmission.
Introduction
Introduction
LiFi data is transmitted by the LED bulbs and
received by photo receptors.
LiFi works based on VLC(Visible Light
Communication) principle
LiFi transmits data using light intensity modulation
History
Professor Harald Haas, from the University of
Edinburgh in the UK, is widely recognised as the
original founder of Li-Fi.
History
Haas promoted this technology in his 2011 TED
Global talk and helped start a company to market it.
pureLifi is a start up that develops, manufactures and
sells high-technology products in the Li-Fi domain.
In October 2011, companies and industry groups
formed the Li-Fi Consortium, to promote high-speed
optical wireless systems.
Architecture of Li-Fi
The main components of basic Li-Fi system are:-
LED Bulb Photodiode
Data from source computer converted into byte format.
Then converted into light signals.
The light signal is received by the photodiode at the
receiver side.
Received data converted back by the destination
computer.
Li-Fi Transmitter system comprises of four primary
subassemblies:
Bulb
RF Power Amplifier Circuit(PA)
Printed Circuit Board(PCB)
Enclosure
Bulb
Working of Li-Fi
Li-Fi uses visible light between violet(800THz) and
red(400THz).
There is a light emitting diode on one end i.e. an
LED transmitter, And a photo detector(light sensor)
on other.
the invisible on-off activity enables data transmission
using binary codes.
The data input to the LED transmitter encoded into
the light by varying the flickering of the light.
If the LED is ON- a digital 1 is transmitted.
If the LED is OFF- a digital 0 is transmitted.
The receiver(photo receptor) registers a binary 1
when the LED is on and binary 0 when LED is off.
LiFi works based on VLC(Visible Light
Communication) principle
VLC data rate can be further increased to as high as
10 Gbps via parallel data transmission , using an
array or different colors of LED lights with each LED
transmitting different data stream.
Why VLC
The frequency spectrum consist of many wave
regions like
X-rays
Gamma-rays
UV region
Infrared region
Microwaves
Any one of the above waves can be used in the
upcoming communication technologies. But why the
visible light part is chosen.?
The reason behind this is the easy availability and
lesser harmful effects that occur due to these rays of
light.
Whereas other wave regions have following
disadvantages:-
Gamma rays
Can kill living cells
Used for radiotherapy-kill cancer cells.
It can cause variety of cancers. They cause mutation
in growing tissues.so newborn babies are especially
vulnerable.
X-rays
Used by doctors to see inside people.
Similar to gamma rays, it can cause cell damage and
cancers.
Ultra-violet
Large dose of ultra violet light can damage the retinas
in your eyes.
Cause sunburn and even skin cancers
Infrared
Large dose of infrared waves can damage skin and
tissues.
It can increase atmospheric temperature, which will
change weather patterns that can be harmful to people
and animals.
Microwaves
It can heat the body tissues
It can affect your brain.
Both the technologies transmit data through electro magnetic spectrum
Wi-Fi works well for wireless coverage within building/ campus/
compound, and Li-Fi is ideal for high density wireless data coverage
inside a confined area or room and is free from interference issues
unlike the Wi-Fi.
Comparison of speed of various wireless
communication technologies
Shortcomings of Radio waves
transmission when comparing with Li-Fi
Capacity
It has limited bandwidth when comparing with Li-Fi.
Development of technologies like 3G and 4G, we are
running out of spectrum.
Energy efficiency
There are large number of cellular radio base stations
that consume massive amount of energy.
Most of the energy is used for cooling down the base
station instead of transmission.
Availability
Radio waves are not advisable to be used in aero
planes and places where radio interference.
Security
Radio waves can penetrate through walls. they can be
intercepted. This cause a major security concern for
Wi-Fi.
Advantages of Li-Fi
Efficiency
Homes and offices already have LED bulbs for lighting
purposes, the same source of light can be used to
transmit data.
Light must be there for communication.
When there is no need of light, it can be reduced to a
point where it appears off to human eye, but is actually
still on and working.
High speed
Combination of low interference, high bandwidth, help
Li-Fi provide high data rates i.e 1 Gbps or even
beyond.
Availability
Light bulbs are present everywhere-in homes, offices,
shops, malls and even planes, which can be used as a
medium for data transmission.
Cheaper
Requires fewer components
Uses only negligible additional power for data
transmission.
Security
Light cannot pass through opaque structures, Li-Fi
internet is available only to the users within a room
and cannot be misused by users in other rooms or
buildings.
Applications
Education system
Li-Fi can provide fastest speed for internet access.so it
can replace Wi-Fi at educational institutions and
companies.
Medical applications
Operation theatres do not allow Wi-Fi due to radiation
concerns.
Wi-Fi interferes the signals of monitoring equipment
These interfering can affect patient’s health, due to
improper working of medical machines.
Aircrafts
Wi-Fi can interfere navigational system of the plane.
Under water applications
Radio wave cannot be used under water, because
these waves are strongly absorbed by sea water.
Communication with ROVs done through large cables.
Traffic management
Lifi can provide smooth flow of traffic and reduction of
accidents.
Mobile connectivity
Mobiles, tablet, laptops can easily connect with each
other. short range network of Li-Fi can yield high data
rates and high security.
Use cases
is one of the leading companies in Li-Fi technology.
The world’s first Li-Fi system, The Li-Flame is
developed by pureLi-Fi.
LiFi-X is a Li-Fi dongle
OLEDCOMM
It is a French company- designs and manufactures
Li-Fi solutions.
GEOLiFi
LiFiNET
Are products/ services provided by OLEDCOMM
GEOLiFi- indoor Location based service.
With GEOLiFi, The LED lightings in a building can be
converted into a true indoor positioning system(IPS).
LiFiNET- unlimited bandwidth for connecting people
and IoT
It allows a highly secure and private bidirectional
communication for the IoT.
Limitations of Li-Fi
Internet cannot be accessed without a light source.
Opaque obstacles on pathways can affect data
transmission.
Natural light and normal electric light can affect the
data transmission speed.
Light waves don’t penetrate through walls and so Li-
Fi has a much shorter range than Wi-Fi.
High initial installation cost.
Future scope
As light is everywhere and free to use, there is a
great scope for the use and evolution of LiFi
technology. As the LiFi technology become popular,
it will lead to cleaner, greener, safer communications
and have a bright future and environment. if it
evolves faster, people will use this technology more
and more
Conclusion
The technology is in its developing stage.
The possibilities are numerous and can be explored
further. If this technology can be put into practical
use, every bulb can be used something like a Wi-Fi
hotspot to transmit wireless data
References
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li-Fi
• https://
www.tutorialspoint.com/articles/li-fi-a-possible-revol
ution-in-communication
• https://
www.techopedia.com/7/31769/technology-trends/what-i
s-li-fi
• https://purelifi.com/
• https://www.oledcomm.net/
• https://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/LiFi
Thank you
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