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FM Transmitter

The document describes how an FM transmitter works. It consists of an audio amplifier, oscillator circuit to generate a carrier frequency between 88-108 MHz, and a power amplifier. The amplified audio signal is mixed with the carrier wave to create a modulated signal that is transmitted via antenna. Key components include transistors, capacitors, resistors, and an inductor antenna. Adjusting the variable capacitor tunes the transmitter frequency to be received on an FM radio.

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Wadan Shah
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83 views3 pages

FM Transmitter

The document describes how an FM transmitter works. It consists of an audio amplifier, oscillator circuit to generate a carrier frequency between 88-108 MHz, and a power amplifier. The amplified audio signal is mixed with the carrier wave to create a modulated signal that is transmitted via antenna. Key components include transistors, capacitors, resistors, and an inductor antenna. Adjusting the variable capacitor tunes the transmitter frequency to be received on an FM radio.

Uploaded by

Wadan Shah
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

FM TRANSMITTER [DATE]

How FM Transmitter Works

A FM transmitter is a device that uses the principles of frequency modulation to broadcast sound
supplied at its input. Typical FM transmitter design’s usually follow the block diagram below;

The signal strength of audio inputs into the transmitter is usually low therefore an amplifier is
usually built to bring the signal level up. Based on the desired frequency for transmission (which
is usually between the FM frequency band, 88MHz to 108MHz), the carrier frequency is generated
using an oscillator circuit and mixed with audio signal to create the modulated signal. The
modulated signal is then passed through a power amplifier at the transmission stage to create low
impedance which is matched with the antenna
Required Components
The following components are required to build this FM Transmitter Project:
2n2222 NPN Transistor x2
Condenser mic/ audio jack or any other Audio Input part
100nf Ceramic capacitor x1
10nf ceramic capacitor x1
4 pf ceramic capacitor x1
100 ohms resistor x1
10k resistor x 3
1k resistor x 1
100k resistor x1
1M resistor x1
Variable Capacitor 20pf
Gauge 18 - 22 copper wire
9v battery
9v battery Cap

Circuit Diagram and Explanation


Connect the components as shown in the FM transmitter schematic below.
FM TRANSMITTER [DATE]

This is how FM transmitter circuit looks on breadboard

The audio output signal from the microphone is usually small, the first transistor thus performs the
job of amplifying that signal to a level good enough for transmission. After amplification as
described earlier, the next stage of the FM transmitter is modulation. At this stage the amplified
audio signal is then mixed with the carrier frequency at with which the signal is to be transmitted.
This carrier frequency can be varied using the 20pF variable capacitor connected with the inductor,
and the typical frequency band of this particular design is between the 88MHz to 108MHz and
since there is no visual output to recognize the exact frequency at which the transmitter is working,
you will need to adjust your FM receiver radio within the range of the frequencies mentioned to
FM TRANSMITTER [DATE]

get the frequency at which the transmitter is transmitting. After modulating the Audio signal with
the carrier frequency, the signal is then sent out through the antenna.
The air core inductor is made by winding a 8 to 10 turns of 18 – 22 gauge wire around a ¼
inch former which can be represented by a pencil. The values of components used for these
tutorials are not stringent and for learning purpose, you can play around with the resistor and
capacitor values to optimize the performance of the transmitter.
Asides from the uses mentioned above, FM transmitters along with this design can be used to
create things like baby monitor, Address system for a school etc. DO ENSURE to check the laws
of your location before building any of those useful things.

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