Contraindica Adverse

Drug Name Dosage & Route Action Indication Nursing Responsibility

Bronchospasm CNS:
AMINOPHYLLINE Aminophylline is To prevent and Hypersensitivi Assessment & Drug Effects
Adult: IV Nervousness,
(theophylline a salt of relieve ty to xanthine
restlessness,
Loading Dose 6
ethylenediamide) theophylline with symptoms of derivatives or
mg/kg over 30 depression,  Monitor for S&S of
(am-in-off'i-lin) effects similar to acute bronchial to
min IV insomnia, toxicity (generally related
those of other asthma and ethylenediami
Maintenance irritability, to theophylline serum
xanthines (e.g., treatment of ne component;
Corophyllin , Dose nonsmoker, headache, levels over 20 mg/mL).
caffeine and bronchospasm cardiac
Paladron , 0.5 mg/kg/h; dizziness, Observe patients receiving
theobromine). associated with arrhythmias.
Phyllocontin, smoker, 0.75 muscle parenteral drug closely for
Action is chronic Safety during
Somophyllin, mg/kg/h; CHF or hyperactivity, signs of hypotension,
dependent on bronchitis and pregnancy
Somophyllin-DF, cirrhosis, 0.25 convulsions. arrhythmias, and
theophylline emphysema. (category C)
Truphylline mg/kg/h PO CV: Cardiac convulsions until serum
content or lactation is
nonsmoker, 0.5 arrhythmias, theophylline stabilizes
(approximately not
mg/kg/h times 24 h tachycardia within the therapeutic
Classifications: 80%) and is established.
in 4 divided doses; (with rapid IV), range.
BRONCHODILATOR measured as
smoker, 0.75 hyperventilatio
(RESPIRATORY mg/kg/h times 24 h
theophylline in
n, chest pain,  Note: High incidence of
SMOOTH MUSCLE the serum. toxicity is associated with
in 4 divided doses; severe
RELAXANT); CHF or cirrhosis, hypotension, rectal suppository use due
XANTHINE 0.25 mg/kg/h times cardiac arrest. to erratic rate of
24 h in 4 divided GI: Nausea, absorption.
doses vomiting,  Monitor & record vital
Child: IV anorexia, signs and I&O. A sudden,
Loading Dose 6 hematemesis, sharp, unexplained rise in
mg/kg IV over 30 diarrhea, heart rate may indicate
min IV epigastric pain. toxicity.
Maintenance  Lab tests: Monitor
Dose 1–9 y, 1 serum theophylline levels.
mg/kg/h; >9 y,
0.75 mg/kg/h PO  Note: Older adults,
1–9 y, 1 mg/kg/h acutely ill, and patients
times 24 h in 4 with severe respiratory
divided doses; >9 problems, liver
y, 0.75 mg/kg/h dysfunction, or pulmonary
times 24 h in 4 edema are at greater risk of
divided doses toxicity due to reduced
Infant: PO/IV 6– drug clearance.
11 mo, 0.87 g/kg/h;  Note: Children appear
2–6 mo, 0.5 more susceptible to CNS
mg/kg/h stimulating effects of
Neonate: PO/IV xanthines (nervousness,
0.16 mg/kg/h restlessness, insomnia,
Neonatal hyperactive reflexes,
Apnea twitching, convulsions).
Neonate: PO/IV Dosage reduction may be
Loading Dose 5 indicated.
mg/kg PO/IV
Maintenance
Dose 5 mg/kg/d
divided q12h