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Preparation of Potash Alum
Chemistry Project
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Preparation of Potash Alum
Name of Institute: Sindhi High School, Hebbal
This is to certify that Mr.
of class twelve, Sindhi High School, Hebbal has
satisfactorily completed the project in Chemistry for the
AISSCE as prescribed by CBSE in the year 2008-2009.
Date :
Registration No. :
Signature of Internal Signature of External
Examiner Examiner
__________________ __________________
Chemistry Project
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Preparation of Potash Alum
Acknowledgement
I thank my chemistry teacher Mrs. Rukmini
and Mrs. Deepa for their guidance and support. I also
thank my Principal Mrs. Mahalakshmi Vijaychand. I
would also like to thank my parents and my sister for
encouraging me during this course of this project. Finally
I would like to thank CBSE for giving me this opportunity
to undertake this project.
Chemistry Project
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Preparation of Potash Alum
Introduction
Aluminium because of its low density, high
tensile strength and resistance and resistance to corrosion
is widely used for the manufacture of aeroplanes,
automobiles lawn furniture as well as for aluminium cans.
Being good conductor of electricity it is used for
transmission of electricity. Aluminium is also used for
making utensils. The recycling of aluminium cans and
other aluminium products is a very positive contribution
to saving our natural resources. Most of the recycled
aluminium is melted and recast into other aluminium
metal products or used in the production of various
aluminium compounds, the most common of which are
the alums. Alums are double sulphates having general
formula
X2SO4.M2(SO4)3.24H2O
Chemistry Project
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Preparation of Potash Alum
Introduction
Some important alums and their names are given below:
K2SO4.Al2(SO4)3.24H2O - Potash Alum
Na2SO4.Al2(SO4)3.24H2O - Soda Alum
K2SO4.Cr2(SO4)3.24H2O - Chrome Alum
(NH)2SO4.Fe2(SO4)3.24H2O - Ferric Alum
Potash alum is used in papermaking, in fire
extinguishers in food stuffs and in purification of water
soda alum used in baking powders and chrome alum is
used in tanning leather and water proofing fabrics.
Chemistry Project
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Preparation of Potash Alum
Chemistry Project
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Preparation of Potash Alum
Aim
To prepare potash alum from aluminium scrap
Chemistry Project
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Preparation of Potash Alum
Requirements
250 ml flask
Funnel
Beaker
Scrap aluminium or cola can
Potassium hydroxide solution (KOH)
6 M Sulphuric Acid (H2SO4)
Water Bath
Ethanol
Chemistry Project
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Preparation of Potash Alum
Theory
Aluminum metal is treated with hot aqueous KOH
solution. Aluminium dissolves as potassium aluminate,
KAl(OH)4, salt.
2Al(s) + 2KOH(aq) + 6H2O(l) 2KAl(OH)4 (aq) + 3H2
Potassium aluminate solution on treatment with dil.
Sulphuric acid first gives precipitate Al(OH)3, which
dissolves on addition of small excess of H2SO4 and
heating.
2KOH(aq) + H2SO4(aq) 2Al(OH)3 (s) + K2SO4(aq) + 2H2O(l)
2Al(OH)3 (s) + 3 H2SO4(aq) Al2(SO4)3(aq) +6H2O(l)
The resulting solution is concentrated to near saturation
and cooled. On cooling crystals of potash alum
crystallize out.
K2SO4(aq) + Al2(SO4)3(aq) + 24H2O(l) K2SO4.Al2(SO4)3. 24H2O(s)
Chemistry Project
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Preparation of Potash Alum
Reactions
Reactions
2Al(s) + 2KOH(aq) + 6H2O(l) 2KAl(OH)4 (aq) + 3H2
K2SO4(aq) + Al2(SO4)3(aq) + 24H2O(l) K2SO4.Al2(SO4)3. 24H2O(s)
2Al(OH)3 (s) + 3 H2SO4(aq) Al2(SO4)3(aq) +6H2O(l)
2KOH(aq) + H2SO4(aq) 2Al(OH)3 (s) + K2SO4(aq) + 2H2O(l)
K2SO4(aq) + Al2(SO4)3(aq) + 24H2O(l) K2SO4.Al2(SO4)3. 24H2O(s)
Chemistry Project
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Preparation of Potash Alum
Procedure
Clean a small piece of scrap aluminium with steel
wool and cut it into very small pieces. Aluminium
foil may be taken instead of scrap aluminium.
Put the small pieces of scrap aluminium or
aluminium foil(about 1.00g) into a conical flask and
add about 50 ml of 4 M KOH solution to dissolve
the aluminium.
The flask may be heated gently in order to facilitate
dissolution. Since during this step hydrogen gas is
evolved this step must be done in a well ventilated
area.
Continue heating until all of the aluminium reacts.
Filter the solution to remove any insoluble
impurities and reduce the volume to about 25 ml by
heating.
Chemistry Project
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Preparation of Potash Alum
Procedure
Allow the filtrate to cool. Now add slowly 6 M
H2SO4 until insoluble Al(OH)3 just forms in the
solution.
Gently heat the mixture until the Al(OH)3
precipitate dissolves.
Cool the resulting solution in an ice-bath for about
30 minutes whereby alum crystals should separate
out. For better results the solution may be left
overnight for crystallization to continue.
In case crystals do not form the solution may be
further concentrated and cooled again.
Filter the crystals from the solution using vacuum
pump, wash the crystals with 50/50 ethanol-water
mixture.
Chemistry Project
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Preparation of Potash Alum
Procedure
Continue applying the vacuum until the crystals
appear dry.
Determine the mass of alum crystals.
Chemistry Project
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Preparation of Potash Alum
Observations
Mass of aluminium metal =…………….g
Mass of potash alum =…………….g
Theoretical yield of potash alum =……………g
Percent yield =……………%
Chemistry Project
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Preparation of Potash Alum
Result
Potash alum was prepared from aluminium
scrap.
Chemistry Project
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Preparation of Potash Alum
Bibliography
http://www.cbseportal.com
Wikipedia
Chemicalland.com
books.google.co.in
Chemistry Project
