Exam Checklist
I. Legislative Power and the Interpretation of Statutes
1) Purposivism
2) Textualism
3) Textually constrained purposivism
4) Absurdity doctrine
5) Scrivener’s error
6) Ordinary versus technical meaning
7) Legal terms of art
8) Dictionary versus colloquial meaning
9) New Deal and primacy of legislative history
10) New textualism and rebuttal of ridiculous uses of legislative history
11) Hierarchy of legislative history
12) expressio eunis canon ("the express mention of one thing excludes all others")
13) noscitur a sociis canon (“a word is known by its associates”)
14) ejusdem generis canon (“of the same kind”)
15) Constitutional avoidance canon
16) Protecting state sovereignty and autonomy canon
17) Rule of lenity canon
18) Retroactivity canon
19) “partnership model” vs. “faithful agent” model
II. Constitutional Structure and the Regulatory State
1) Vesting, Necessary and Proper, Take Care, Appointments Clauses
2) Formalism vs. Functionalism
3) Nondelegation doctrine
4) Intelligible principle test
5) Congressional Control of Agencies
6) President’s Removal Powers
7) “Principal” vs. “Inferior” officers
8) “Good cause” restriction on Presidential removal powers and “unduly trammels” test
III. The Regulatory Process
1) Administrative Procedure Act
2) Formal Rulemaking, §§ 556 and 557, adversarial hearing, “on the record” and “after a hearing”
3) Informal rulemaking (“notice‐and‐comment”), § 556, notice, comment and explanation
4) § 706(2)(A) and “rational basis” test for informal rulemaking (“arbitrary and capricious”)
5) Formal adjudication, §§ 554, 556 and 557, trial‐like adversarial hearing
6) Chevron doctrine
7) “Hard look” doctrine