The
Food
of
Love:
Songs
for
Shakespeare
The
Baltimore
Consort
As
You
Like
It
Kemp’s
Jig
anon,
Cambridge
MS,
late
16th
c.
It
was
a
Lover
and
his
Lass
Thomas
Morley,
First
Booke
of
Ayres,
1600
Twelfth
Night
O
Mistresse
Mine
Morley,
Consort
Lessons,
1599
Peg
a
Ramsey
Playford,
The
English
Dancing
Master,
1651
Farewell,
dear
love
Robert
Jones,
First
Book
of
Songs,
1600
The
Buffens
(Les
Buffons)
Jean
d’Estrée
Tiers
livre
de
danseries,
1559
Romeo
and
Juliet
When
Griping
Grief
Richard
Edward,
1525-‐1566
Lady
Carey’s
Dump
anon.,
Marsh
Lutebook,
16th
c.
Complain
my
lute
anon.,
broadside
ballad,
16th
c.
Heart’s
Ease
(The
Honeysuckle)
Anthony
Holborne,
Pavans,
Galliards,
and
Almains….1599
Henry
IV,
Part
II
&
A
Winter’s
Tale
Queen’s
Goodnight
Thomas
Robinson,
1560-‐1620
Fancy
John
Dowland,
1563-‐1626
The Carman’s Whistle
anon,
broadside
ballad,
c.
1600
Whoope,
do
me
no
harm/Jog
on
anon.,
late
16th
c.
-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐
INTERMISSION
-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐
Hamlet
King
of
Denmark’s
Galliard
John
Dowland
Tarleton’s
Riserrectione
anon.,
late
16th
c.
Gravedigger
song
(“In
Youth
When
I
Did
Love”)
anon.,
late
16th
c.
Tarleton’s
Riserrectione
.anon.,
late
16th
c.
Bonny
sweet
robin
Matthew
Holmes
MSS,
c.
1588-‐97
Tarleton’s
Jig
anon.,
late
16th
c
The
Tempest
Greensleeves
anon.,
16th
c.,
and
John Johnson c.1545 -1594
Where
the
bee
sucks
Robert
Johnson,
c.
1583-‐1634
Loth
to
depart
John
Dowland
Full
fathom
five
Robert
Johnson
Merry
Wives
of
Windsor
&
Othello
Fortune
my
foe
anon.,
The
Dallis
Lute
book,
1585
Willow
Song
anon.,
The
Lodge
Lute
Book,
c.1559
Midsummer
Night’s
Dream
Fairie
Rownde
Holborne,
Pavans,
Galliards,
and
Almains….1599
The
Mad,
Merry
Pranks
of
Robin
Goodfellow
The
Roxburghe
Ballads,
Ben
Johnson,
1625
The
Baltimore
Consort
Mary
Anne
Ballard
–
treble
and
bass
viols
Mark
Cudek
–
cittern
and
bass
viol
Larry
Lipkis
–
bass
viol,
recorder,
krummhorn,
gemshorn
Ronn
McFarlane
–
lute
Mindy
Rosenfeld
–
flutes,
fifes,
bagpipes,
krummhorn
Danielle
Svonavec
–
soprano
Founded in 1980 to perform the instrumental music of Shakespeare’s time, the Baltimore Consort has
explored early English, Scottish, and French popular music, focusing on the relationship between folk and
art song and dance. Their interest in early music of English/Scottish heritage has also led them to delve into
the rich trove of traditional music preserved in North America. Recordings on the Dorian label have earned
them recognition as Top Classical-Crossover Artist of the Year (Billboard), as well as rave reviews elsewhere.
Besides touring in the U.S. and abroad, they often perform on such syndicated radio broadcasts as St. Paul
Sunday, Performance Today, Harmonia and the CBC’s OnStage.
Mary
Anne
Ballard,
early
strings,
also
currently
plays
with
Galileo’s
Daughters,
Mr.
Jefferson’s
Musicians,
and
Fleur
de
Lys.
Formerly,
she
directed
or
coached
early
music
at
the
Peabody
Conservatory,
Princeton
University,
and
the
University
of
Pennsylvania,
where
she
founded
the
Collegium
Musicum
and
produced
medieval
music
drama.
She
is
now
on
the
faculty
of
Oberlin’s
summer
Baroque
Performance
Institute.
A
resident
of
Indiana
and
New
York
City,
she
music-‐directed
the
Play
of
Daniel
for
75th
Anniversary
of
the
opening
of
The
Cloisters
Museum
and
for
the
Twelfth
Night
Festival
at
Trinity
Wall
Street
Church
in
New
York.
Mark
Cudek
is
Director
of
the
Early
Music
program
at
the
Peabody
Conservatory,
and
also
Artistic
Director
of
the
Indianapolis
Early
Music
Festival.
In
recognition
of
his
work
as
Founder/Director
of
the
Peabody
Renaissance
Ensemble
and
also
the
High
School
Early
Music
Program
at
the
Interlochen
Arts
Camp,
Mark
received
from
Early
Music
America
the
2001
Thomas
Binkley
Award
and
the
2005
Award
for
Outstanding
Contribution
to
Early
Music
Education.
He
has
regularly
performed
with
Apollo’s
Fire,
The
Catacoustic
Concort,
and
Hesperus,
and,
in
his
youth,
worked
as
a
café
guitarist
in
the
Virgin
Islands.
Mark
is
the
2014
recipient
of
the
Johns
Hopkins
University
Alumni
Association’s
Global
Achievement
Award.
Larry
Lipkis
is
Composer-‐in-‐Residence
and
Director
of
Early
Music
at
Moravian
College
in
Bethlehem,
Pa.
He
has
also
served
as
Director
of
Pinewoods
Early
Music
Week,
and
is
a
longtime
Music
Director
for
the
Pennsylvania
Shakespeare
Festival.
His
cello
concerto,
Scaramouche,
appears
on
the
Koch
label,
and
his
bass
trombone
concerto,
Harlequin,
was
premiered
by
the
Los
Angeles
Philharmonic
to
rave
reviews.
The
trilogy
was
completed
when
his
bassoon
concerto,
Pierrot,
was
performed
by
the
Houston
Symphony.
Larry is on the Board
of Managers of the Bach Choir of Bethlehem, and often lectures on the topic of Bach and Rhetoric. He has
served as a faculty member at the NEH Bach Summer Scholar Institute in Leipzig in July 2012 and 2014.
Ronn
McFarlane
has
released
over
30
CDs
on
Dorian
and
Sono
Luminus,
including
solo
collections,
lute
songs,
lute
duets,
music
for
flute
&
lute,
Elizabethan
lute
music
and
poetry,
the
complete
lute
music
of
Vivaldi,
and
Baltimore
Consort
albums.
In
the
tradition
of
the
lutenist/composers
of
past
centuries,
Ronn
has
composed
new
music
for
the
lute.
These
original
compositions
are
the
focus
of
his
solo
CD,
Indigo
Road,
which
received
a
Grammy
Award
Nomination
in
2009.
The
CD
release,
One
Morning,
features
“Ayreheart,”
a
new
ensemble
brought
together
to
perform
Ronn’s
new
music.
Visit
[Link].
Mindy
Rosenfeld,
a
founding
member
of
the
Baltimore
Consort
whose
playing
graced
our
first
decade,
is
also
a
long-‐time
member
of
San
Francisco’s
Philharmonia
Baroque
Orchestra.
Fluent
in
a
wide
range
of
musical
styles,
she
plays
both
wooden
and
modern
flutes
in
addition
to
recorders,
whistles,
crumhorns,
and
early
harp.
Mindy
actively
freelances
on
the
West
Coast
and
is
Principal
Flute
at
the
Mendocino
Music
Festival
in
her
hometown.
The
mother
of
five
boys,
she
loves
dancing
and
tending
her
organic
garden
at
home
on
“The
Boy
Farm”.
Danielle Svonavec, soprano, is a graduate of the University of Notre Dame (BS in mathmatics, 1999, and
MM in Voice, 2003) where she now teaches voice. While still a student, she stepped in on short notice as
soloist for the Baltimore Consort’s nine-concert 1999 Christmas tour. Since then she has toured with the
Consort and appeared with the Smithsonian Chamber Players, Pomerium, the South Bend Chamber
Orchestra, and the South Bend Symphony. She currently serves as the Cantor for the nationally televised
mass at the Basilica of the Sacred Heart at Notre Dame, and recently began teaching Middle School music at
the Trinity School Greenlawn in South Bend. Danielle lives with her husband and three daughters on a farm
near Goshen, Indiana
A
note
about
our
instruments
The
Fairy
Queen
and
her
maides
daunced
about
the
garden,
singing
a
Song
of
six
parts,
with
the
musick
of
an
exquisite
consort;
wherein
was
the
lute,
bandora,
base-‐violl,
citterne,
treble
viol
and
flute.
—from
The
Honourable
Entertainment
at
Elvetham,
anon.,
1591.
The
“exquisite
consort”
that
entertained
Queen
Elizabeth
upon
her
visit
to
the
Earl
of
Hertford
in
September
1591
was,
in
respect
to
the
specific
instruments
employed,
the
exact
equivalent
of
the
Baltimore
Consort.
Referred
to
in
modern
times
as
a
“mixed”
or
“broken”
consort,
this
band
enjoyed
popularity
in
the
Elizabethan
and
early
Jacobean
periods.
Combining
the
sultry
viols,
the
ethereal
flute,
the
‘sprightly
and
cheerful’
cittern,
the
‘deep’
bandora
and
the
‘noble’
lute,
the
ensemble
is
capable
of
many
moods,
from
the
joyful
to
the
melancholy.
The
Baltimore
Consort
will
not
be
using
a
bandora
in
tonight’s
concert;
instead,
we
will
provide
additional
instrumental
color
by
including
bagpipes,
recorders,
fifes,
krummhorns,
and
a
gemshorn.
Like
the
plays
for
which
it
often
provided
accompaniment,
Elizabethan
consort
music,
“reflected
the
remarkable
synthesis
of
popular
taste
and
humanist
eloquence
which
gave
vitality
to
the
Shakespearean
theatre”
in
appealing
“to
every
level
of
spectator,
from
the
simplest
groundling
who
could
hum
along
with
his
favorite
ballad
tune
to
the
most
sophisticated
gallant
who
could
take
delight
in
the
rich
harmony
and
embroidery
surrounding
the
melody”
(from
Sydney
Beck’s
introduction
to
his
edition
of
Morley’s
Consort
Lessons).
A
note
about
music
in
Shakespeare’s
Plays
There
are
hundreds
of
references
to
music
in
the
works
of
Shakespeare.
Shakespeare’s
music
can
be
placed
into
three
general
categories.
Incidental
Music:
The
individual
titles
of
incidental
music
in
Shakespeare’s
works
are
never
named
but
the
directions
“music
here”,
“music
begins”,
“music
for
dancing”,
etc.
are
provided.
Literary
References:
Shakespeare
refers
to
the
music,
music
theory,
and
instruments
of
the
time
within
the
text
of
his
works.
A
humorous
example
is
found
in
the
names
of
the
musicians
whom
Peter
confronts
in
Romeo
and
Juliet:
Hugh
Rebec,
Simon
Catling
and
James
Soundpost.
Songs:
Specific
songs
are
included
for
performance
in
the
text
of
Shakespeare’s
plays.
Shakespeare
authored
the
lyrics
to
some
of
these
songs
but
also
incorporated
popular
songs
known
to
his
contemporary
audiences.
The
plays
did
not
include
notation
of
the
tunes
of
these
songs.
However,
we
are
certain
that
Robert
Johnson’s
setting
for
Full
Fathom
Five
is
the
same
as
when
originally
performed
in
The
Tempest.
Johnson
is
well
documented
as
Shakespeare’s
composer.
For
the
other
songs
that
you
will
hear
tonight,
we
are
using
the
earliest
surviving
versions
–
both
published
and
from
manuscript
–
which
are
contemporary
with
Shakespeare’s
productions.
These
include,
It
was
a
Lover
and
His
Lasse,
When
Griping
Grief,
Where
the
Bee
Sucks,
Heart’s
Ease,
In
Youth
When
I
Did
Love,
Full
Fathon
Five,
Fortune
My
Foe,
and
The
Willow
Song.
Program
notes
As
You
Like
It
Will
Kemp
(or
Kempe)
was
one
of
the
great
clowns
in
Shakespeare’s
troupe
and
played
Touchstone
in
As
you
Like
It.
He
is
also
famous
for
his
“Nine
Day
Wonder,”
in
which
he
danced
all
the
way
from
London
to
Norwich,
a
distance
of
about
a
hundred
miles.
Kemp’s
Jig
may
have
been
written
to
commemorate
that
spectacle,
which
drew
multitudes
of
spectators.
In
Act
V,
Touchstone
requests
that
two
pages
sing
a
love
song
as
he
prepares
to
woo
Audrey,
a
country
wench.
The
pages
respond
with
one
of
the
most
beloved
songs
from
the
entire
Shakespeare
canon,
It
was
a
Lover
and
his
Lass,
after
which
Touchstone
promptly
berates
them
for
their
unmusical
rendition.
This
is
one
of
only
a
few
songs
from
the
plays
that
survive
in
their
original
settings.
Twelfth
Night
Our
music
in
this
set
comes
chiefly
from
Act
II,
iii,
in
which
the
well-‐oiled
Sir
Toby
Belch
and
Sir
Andrew
Aguecheek
conspire
with
Feste
the
Clown
and
Maria
to
humiliate
Olivia’s
officious
steward
Malvolio.
Andrew,
despite
the
late
hour,
calls
on
Feste
to
sing
a
love
song,
O
Mistress
Mine.
Our
version
tonight
is
not
the
song
itself,
but
rather
the
beautiful
consort
setting
by
Thomas
Morley.
A
few
lines
late,
Sir
Toby
Belch
remarks,
“My
lady’s
a
Catayan,
we
are
politicians.
Malvolio’s
a
Peg-‐a-‐Ramsey,
and
three
merry
men
be
we.”
(A
Peg-‐a-‐Ramsey
is
a
term
of
contempt,
taken
from
a
character
in
a
folk
ballad.)
Shortly
thereafter,
Malvolio
enters
and
peremptorily
requests
that
Sir
Toby
lower
his
voice
and
behave
properly.
Toby
responds
by
loudly
singing
Farewell
Dear
Love,
alternating
verses
with
Feste.
The
Buffens
(The
Clowns)
is
the
English
title
for
“Les
Bouffons,”
a
French
dance
that
crossed
the
channel
into
England.
The
tune
is
not
referenced
in
the
play,
but
we’ve
programmed
it
here
as
a
tribute
to
Feste
and
the
two
prominent
Shakespearean
clowns
represented
in
this
program—Will
Kemp
and
Richard
Tarleton.
Romeo
and
Juliet
The
scene
between
the
Capulet’s
servant
Peter
and
the
musicians
following
Juliet’s
feigned
death
in
Act
IV
creates
an
odd
moment
of
comic
relief.
Peter
sings,
“When
Griping
Grief
the
heart
doth
wound,
And
doleful
dumps
the
mind
express,
Then
music
with
her
silver
sound
With
speedy
help
doth
lend
redress.”
Shakespeare
actually
lifted
this
beautiful
stanza
from
Richard
Edwards’
The
Paradyse
of
Dayntey
Devices,
and
Edward’s
song
When
Griping
Grief
is
among
the
most
poignant
in
all
of
Shakespeare.
A
“dump”
is
by
definition
doleful—it
is
a
melancholy,
mournful
air-‐-‐-‐and
often
contains
a
gently
rocking
two-‐chord
accompaniment
that
invites
solace
and
quiet
contemplation.
Lady
Carey’s
Dump
is
among
the
most
famous
in
this
genre.
When
Peter
first
hears
the
news
of
Juliet’s
supposed
death,
he
calls
for
the
musicians
to
play
Heart’s
Ease
because
“my
heart
is
full
of
woe.”
The
ballad
Complain
My
Lute,
sung
to
the
tune
of
Heart’s
Ease,
contains
that
line
at
the
end
of
the
first
verse.
But
there
is
a
second,
more
cheerful,
tune
with
the
name
“Heart’s
Ease.”
This
version,
also
known
as
The
Honeysuckle,
exists
as
an
alman—a
stately
dance
in
duple
meter-‐-‐
by
Anthony
Holborne
Henry
IV,
part
2
and
Winter’s
Tale
A
single
line
by
the
loveable
rogue
Falstaff
in
Act
III
of
Henry
IV,
part
2
provides
us
with
the
first
three
pieces
of
our
set:
“….the
whores
called
him
mandrake:
he
came
ever
in
the
rearward
of
the
fashion,
and
sung
those
tunes
to
the
overscutched
housewives
that
he
heard
the
Carmen
whistle,
and
swore
they
were
his
fancies
or
his
good-‐nights.”
Our
goodnight
piece,
The
Queen’s
Goodnight,
is
the
first
piece
in
Thomas
Robinson’s
pedagogical
work,
“The
Schoole
of
Musicke.”
The
work,
published
in
1603,
is
dedicated
to
King
James,
though
the
queen
in
the
title
was
likely
Elizabeth,
who
died
that
year.
Our
Fancy,
for
solo
lute,
is
by
John
Dowland,
arguably
the
greatest
composer
of
the
Elizabethan
era,
and
certainly
the
most
important
and
influential
composer
of
lute
music
in
history.
In
the
quote
above,
Falstaff
references
the
ballad
Carman’s
Whistle,
one
of
the
countless
“euphemism”
broadsides
in
which
a
canny
young
lad
seduces
an
innocent
maid,
to
her
distinct
pleasure,
as
is
evidenced
by
her
final
verse,
“Let
other
maids
say
what
they
will/The
truth
of
all
is
so/The
bonny
Carman’s
whistle/Shall
for
my
money
go.”
We
close
the
first
half
with
a
medley
of
two
tunes
from
Act
IV
of
Winter’s
Tale;
the
first,
Whoope,
do
me
no
harm
is
a
lusty
song
quoted
by
a
servant,
and
the
second,
Jog
On,
a
cheery
ditty
sung
by
the
rogue
Autolycus
to
close
the
third
scene:
“Jog
on,
jog
on,
the
footpath
way/And
merrily
hent
the
style-‐a/A
merry
heart
goes
all
the
day/Your
sad
tires
in
a
mile-‐a.
Hamlet
“Christianus
the
fourth,
King
of
Denmarke,
his
galliard”
is
the
full
title
of
Dowland’s
tribute
to
his
employer.
The
piece
was
published
in
“Varietie
of
Lute
Lessons”
by
his
son
Robert
Dowland,
in
1610,
and
makes
for
the
perfect
introduction
to
this
set.
Our
arrangement
is
based
on
the
five-‐part
version
in
the
1604
publication
“Lachrymae.”
Though
not
a
“musical”
play
Hamlet
nonetheless
does
have
tunes
sung
by
Ophelia
as
she
lapses
into
madness
(e.g.
Bonny
sweet
robin)
and
the
wonderful
Gravedigger’s
Song.
The
other
tunes
reference
Richard
Tarleton,
a
favorite
comic
actor
of
Shakespeare,
who
may
even
have
memorialized
him
in
the
play
with
the
nickname
“Yorick.”
The
Tempest
The
Tempest
is
one
of
Shakespeare’s
late
plays
and
possibly
the
last
he
wrote
alone.
Robert
Johnson
was
Shakespeare’s
collaborator,
or
composer-‐in-‐residence
in
the
King’s
Men
and
contributed
two
songs
to
the
play.
Full
fathom
five
(Act
I,
scene
ii)
is
sung
by
the
invisible
fairy
Ariel,
to
lure
Ferdinand,
the
Prince
of
Naples,
to
Prospero
and
his
daughter
Miranda.
Where
the
bee
sucks
(Act
V,
scene
i)
is
also
sung
by
Ariel
to
entertain
Prospero
while
he
is
dressing.
We
include,
as
“incidental”
music
to
this
set
John
Johnson’s
setting
of
Greensleeves
(John
was
the
father
of
Robert
Johnson)
and
the
ballad
tune
Loth
to
Depart,
set
by
Dowland.
The
phrase
"loath
to
go"
or
"loath
to
leave"
appears
in
Comedy
of
Errors,
Cymbeline,
and
Merchant
of
Venice.
Greensleeves
was
actually
mentioned
by
Falstaff
in
Merry
Wives
of
Windsor
(II,
i)
as
he
bellows:
“Let
the
sky
rain
potatoes;
let
it
thunder
to
the
tune
of
Greensleeves!”
Merry
Wives
of
Windsor
&
Othello
When
Falstaff
remarks
In
Act
III
of
Merry
Wives
of
Windsor,
“I
see
what
thou
wert,
if
Fortune
thy
foe,
were
not
Nature
thy
friend,”
he
is
referring
to
the
very
popular
ballad
Fortune
My
Foe,
which
was
arranged
by
many
Elizabethan
composers,
including
John
Dowland
and
Thomas
Morley.
The
tune
itself
was
a
popular
choice
to
be
sung
to
prisoners
as
they
were
led
to
their
executions,
hence
the
mournful
quality
to
our
rendition.
The
Willow
Song
(“Willow,
Willow”),
perhaps
Shakespeare’s
most
heartbreakingly
poignant
song.
is
sung
by
Desdemona
to
her
maid
Emilia
shortly
before
her
death
at
the
hands
of
Othello.
The
original
tune
predates
the
play;
it
comes
from
the
Lodge
Lute
Book,
printed
in
1559.
A
Midsummer
Night’s
Dream
We
end
our
program
tonight
in
the
magical
realm
of
spirits
and
fairies
that
Shakespeare
conjures
up
for
us
in
Midsummer
Night’s
Dream.
Holborne’s
Fairie
Rownd
is
one
of
many
sprightly
dances
by
Elizabethan
composers
that
evokes
the
enchantment
of
the
supernatural
world.
Robin
Goodfellow
is
“the
shrewd
and
knavish
sprite”
who
also
goes
by
the
name
of
Puck.
In
The
Mad
Merry
Pranks
of
Robin
Goodfellow,
we
meet
our
old
familiar
mischievous
sprite,
who
plays
tricks
on
unsuspecting
mortals
for
the
sheer
pleasure
of
the
sport.
Our
text
comes
from
a
17th
century
broadside,
to
a
tune
widely
known
as
“Robin
Goodfellow.”
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