Microcontroller and its Application
Project Final Report
17BEC0649
Chandan.M
Project title
Video surveillance using Raspberry Pi
Abstract:
This project is about a remotely monitor
surveillance area using Raspberry Pi
architecture. Raspberry Pi B+ model is a credit
card sized single board computers which
provides all the basic features of a computer.
Its core architecture is built from ARM11
(Broadcom BCM2835 SoC). The project deals
with the Raspberry B+ model and pi cam, the
aim of this project is to develop video
surveillance and it can be able to monitor
through smartphone
Introduction:
For the following project we need
to setup the newly bought Raspberry pi then
need to setup the communication mode and at
last installation of OpenCV.
So, in this report we discuss following:
• Raspberry B+ Architecture
• Raspberry B+ installation
• Communication mode
• Pi Cam Architecture
• OpenCV and python coding.
Raspberry B+ Architecture:
• Micro SD socket: SDIO (Secured Digital
Input/Output) memory card is required to store
the operating system and files. The operating
system boots from Micro SD card, it is running a
version of the Linux operating system (i.e.
Raspbian OS). The maximum support of the SD
card is about 32GB.
• Micro USB Power supply socket: Raspberry Pi
Micro USB socket 5V, 2A. It also creates three
different voltages 3.3V, 2.5V and 1.8V for the
processor and Ethernet.
• Ethernet socket: 10/100 BaseT Ethernet socket
used for LAN network.
• Audio output: 4-pole (TRRS) type connector,
3.5mm Jack, HDMI (High Definition Multimedia
Interface), stereo audio and composite video.
• Video output: HDMI (rev 1.3 & 1.4), composite
RCA (PAL and NTSC). It is type of electrical
connector commonly used to carry audio and
video signals.
• USB socket: Four Universal Serial Hub 2.0
connectors are available. The LAN9512, which is
basically, turned the 1 USB port on the
processor into 2 ports + Ethernet.
• GPIO Connector: 40-pin 2.54mm (100mil)
expansion header: 2x20 strip providing 27 GPIO
pins as well as +3.3V, +5V and GND supply lines.
• Broadcom BCM2835 SoC: 700MHz low power
ARM 1176ZFS application processor is available
on board.
• 9] Graphic Processing Unit: Dual core Video
Core IVR Multimedia Co-processor is used,
which is having 1080p30 H.264 high profile
decoder.
• Power requirements for board are 5V, 2A.
• CSI CAMERA Connector for pi cam which
convert to electrical signals
Raspberry B+ Installation:
• Setting up of OS: Format your SD Card by SD Card
Formatter software only even though it is empty, then we
need to flash the Linux based Raspbian OS to SD Card by
using the software balenaEtcher-Portable-1.5.5-x64
https://www.sdcard.org/downloads/formatter/eula_windows/index.html
https://www.balena.io/etcher/
https://www.raspberrypi.org/downloads/raspbian/
• Booting up of Pi:
1] Insert SD card which contains OS.
2] Power up Pi using micro USB cable [supply
shouldn’t exceed 5v].
3] The one and only way to boot up is connecting
HDMI port of pi to monitor or Tv or the one which has HD
screen. For this we use HDMI to VGA connector.
• Further Installation: Pi will boot up successfully and then
need to set password to Pi and need to note down IP
Address of Raspberry Pi.
To activate SSH, VNC we open bash terminal and access
raspberry pi configuration by code sudo raspi-config and then
we can activate all features and reboot the pi.
Communication Mode:
• SSH: secure shell is a network protocol for securing the
data that flows between a client and a server over a public
network such as internet, default port is 22
So Raspberry pi connected to our Laptop by
ethernet cable and we use putty server and Xming for data
transferor to access terminal
• VNC: In computing, Virtual Network Computing (VNC) is
a graphical desktop-sharing system that uses the Remote
Frame Buffer protocol (RFB) to remotely control
another computer. It transmits the keyboard
and mouse events from one computer to another, relaying
the graphical-screen updates back in the other direction,
over a network.
Pi Cam Architecture:
• OV5647 camera module on small PCB.
• 1 5cm ribbon connector
• Connection uses the CSI -2 electrical protocol
• Raspberry Pi is capable of sending 1080p sized images at
30 frames per second.
• High-Definition video camera for Raspberry Pi Model A
• Omni vision 5647 sensor in a fixed-focus module with
replaceable Lens
• Lens holder: M12x0.5 or CS Mount
• 5MPixel sensor
• Integral IR filter
• Still picture resolution: 2592 x 1944
• Max video resolution: 1080p
• Max frame rate: 32fps
• Size: 36 x 36 mm
• Connection by flat ribbon cable to 15-pin MIPI Camera
Serial Interface (CSI) connector S5 on Raspberry Pi board
OPENCV and Python Coding:
• OpenCV is a library of programming functions mainly
aimed at real-time computer vision. Originally developed
by Intel, it was later supported by Willow Garage . The
library is cross-platform and free for use under the open-
source BSD license
• We use this library during our python coding
• Before that we need to install open cv into raspberry pi
• Following are the procedure to be followed in bash
window
Python code:
Learning outcomes:
• Learnt Different communication protocol
• Learnt about Raspberry pi
• Bash coding
• Experienced with Python
Bibliography:
https://www.alatortsev.com/2018/09/05/installing-opencv-3-
4-3-on-raspberry-pi-3-b/
https://www.pyimagesearch.com/2015/03/30/accessing-the-
raspberry-pi-camera-with-opencv-and-python/
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/308898470
