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Fault Current Calculation

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1   BASIC  FOR CALCULATION 

1 In the calculation only  three  phase symmetrical   fault  has been considered.

 2  A simplified   procedure   for  calculating the symmetrical  short   circuit  current  called  the E/X  method  is used, 

which disregards all  resistance,all  static load  and  all   prefault  current.

3 The PU  system is adopted   for   fault  calculations as it  simplifies the calculations

4 Since  X/R ratio of  the effective impedance at  the bus is unknown,It  si considered  that  the calculated  current  
should  not  more than 80% of  the allowed  valve  for  the breaker  at  the existing bus voltage.

5 Motor  Contribution has been considered  as  2 times the rated  current  of  HT  motors and  negligible in case of  LT  motors.

6 For  claculation,the impedances of  cables has been neglected.

7 The distribution transformers in different  load  centres of  the  plant  shall  operate in isolation and  not  in  parallel.

8 The utility   fault  level  has been considered  as 600 MVA.

2 DESIGN  DATA :
a  Utility fault level at plant grid =   600   MVA
b  Base MVA chosen =   25   MVA
c) Distribution Transformer

1 Rated capacity =   3.15   MVA

2 Voltage at HT side =   11   KV
3 Voltage at LT side(full load) =   0.380   KV
4 Percentage impedance =   8   %
d) Rating of  HT motors‐
1 HT motor rating =   4150   Kw
2 Motor Power factor =   0.85   red
3 Motor efficiency =   0.95   %
4 Maximum starting torque considered for =   200   % FLT
the motor at 11kv
5 Maximum Running torque considered for =   100   % FLT
the motor at 11kv
Cable Size XLPE,Armoured   240   Sqmm
Cable no of run   5   No.
5 HT motor fed from cable =   0.23   ohm/km
5Rx3x240Sqmm XLPE CU (Z)
6 HT motor fed from cable length =   150   ohm/km
e) Rating of  LT motors‐
1 LT motor rating =   350   Kw
2 Motor Power factor =   0.85   red
3 Motor efficiency =   0.90   %
4 Maximum starting torque considered for =   200   % FLT
the motor at 11kv
4 Maximum Running torque considered for =   100   % FLT
the motor at 11kv

Cable Size XLPE,Armoured   1.5   Sqmm

 q
Cable no of run   1   No.
5 LT motor fed from cable =   0.020   ohm/km
3Rx4x300Sqmm XLPE CU (Z)
6 LT motor fed from cable Length =   70   mtr

 A FAULT CURRENT CALCULATION  FOR HT (UP TO NEAREST MOTOR TERMINAL FROM SOURCE)

1 FAULT CURRENT 
    AT 
 AT  33KV   SWITCHGEAR
 SWITCHGEAR  AT 
 AT   APTRANSCO
 APTRANSCO END
1.1 Calculati
Calculation
on for sour
source
ce impe
impedance
dance (Zo)

System Voltage (KV) =   33   KV

Sorce Fault MVA =   500   MVA

Source Impedance (Z0) in Ohm = System KV2 ohm

Short Circuit MVA

Square (33)
= ohm
500

ZO   =   2.178 ohm

1.22
1. Faul
Faultt Cu
Curr
rren
entt at 33
33KV
KV Sw
Swit
itch
chge
gear
ar at AP
APTR
TRAN
ANSC
SCO
O En
Endd (I
(IF0
F0)) 1.1 X KV
1.1
= kA
√  3 X ZO

= 1.1 x 33 kA
√ 3 X 2.178

IFO   =   9.62 kA

2 FAULT CURRENT 
    AT 
 AT  33KV   SWITCHGEAR
 SWITCHGEAR  AT 
 AT  PROPOSED  SUBSTATION 
 SUBSTATION 
Main Incoming power supply through 33kV, 1R X 3C X 300Sq.mm. Aluminium armoured Cable from APTRANSCO Substation to Plant
Substation

You're Reading a Preview

2.1 Resistanc e of cab le
le ( R ) (Resistance / Km) =   0.130   ohm/Km
Length of Cable (L) =   1500   Meter
No.of Run (N) =   1   No.
Actual Resistance of Cable (Ra) RxL
= ohm

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(N x 1000)
Ra = 0.195 ohm

2.2 Reactance of cable (X) (Reactance/Km) =   0.100   ohm/Km

Actual Reactance of Cable (Xa) XxL
=
OR
(N x 1000)
ohm

Xa   =   0.150 ohm

2.3
Become a Scribd member for full access. Your
Impedance of Cable (Za)

Za
=

=
  √(Ra2 + Xa2)   ohm

0.2460 ohm

2.4 Tota
Totall Im
Impe
peda
danc
ncee at 33
33KV
KV SW
SWGR
GR at Su
Subs
bsta
tati
tion
first 30 days are free.
on‐1
‐1(Z
(Z1)

Z1
1) =

=
Za + Zo

2.425 ohm

2.55
2. Faul
Faultt Cu
Curr
rren
entt at 33
33KV
KV SW
SWGR
GR at Pr
Prop
opos
osed
ed Su
Subs
bsta
tati
tion
on (I
(IF1
F1)) 1.11 X KV
1.
= kA
 3 X Z1

Continue
(√ 3 Xfor
2.425) Free
( 1.1 X 33)
kA
Selected Fault KA at 33KV Bus
IF1 = 8.643 kA 25 kA

3 FAULT CURRENT 
    AT 
 AT  PRIMARY  OF  8MVA, 33/6.9KV  TRANSFORMER  AT 
 AT  PROPOSED  SUBSTATION 
 SUBSTATION 
33KV, 1R X 3C X 300Sqmm (E) Aluminium armoured
armoured Cable is connected between 33KV HT Panel & 8 MVA Transformer

3.1 Resistance of cable (Resistance / Km) =   0.130   ohm/km

Length of Cable (L) =   25   Meter
No.of Run (N) =   1   No.
Actual Resistance of Cable (Rb) RxL
= ohm
(N x 1000)
Rb   = 0.00325 ohm

3.2 Reactance of cable (X) (Reactance/Km) =   0.100   ohm/Km

Actual Reactance of Cable (Xb) XxL
= ohm
(N x 1000)

Xb   =   0.0025 ohm

3.3 Impedance of Cable (Zb) =   √(Rb2 + Xb2)   ohm

Zb   =   0.0041 ohm
 3.4 T ota
otall Im
Imppe da
da nc
nc e a t 33
33KV
KV SW
SWGR
GR at Su
Subs
bsta
tati
tioon‐
n‐11(Z
(Z11) = Zb + Z1 oh m

Z2 = 2.430 ohm

3.55
3. Faul
Faultt Cu
Curr
rren
entt at 33
33KV
KV SW
SWGR
GR at Pr
Prop
opos
osed
ed Su
Subs
bsta
tati
tion
on (I
(IF1
F1)) 1.11 X KV
1.
= kA
 3 X Z2

( 1.1 X 0.15)
= kA
(√ 3 X 2.43)

IF2 = 8.625 kA

4 FAULT CURRENT 
    AT 
 AT   SECONDARY 
 SECONDARY  OF  8MVA TRANSFORMER  AT 
 AT   SUBSTATION 
 SUBSTATION 
Power Transformer  8MVA, 33/6.6 KV , 8.35% Impedance (as per IS‐2026)

Primary Voltage of Transformer Vp =   33   KV

You're Reading aVPreview
Secondary Voltage of Transformer
s =   6.6   KV
Transformer Capacity =   8000   KVA

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% Impedance =   8.35   %
2
4.1 Transform
Transformer
er Impe
Impedance
dance (Zc)   = (% Imp/100) x KVs ohm
(KVA / 1000)
OR   2
Zc = (8.35/100) x 6.6) ohm
(8000/1000)
Become a Scribd member for Zc
full access.
=
Your
0.455   ohm
4.2 first 30 days
Total Impedanc e on secondary side (Z3 ) are free. = {((Vs)²/ (Vp)²)x Z2 }+ Zc ohm

= ((6
((6.6)
.6) / (33
(33)) X 2.4
2.43)
3) + 0.4
0.455
55 ohm

Continue for Free

Z3 = 0.553 ohm

4.33
4. Faul
Faultt Cu
Curr
rren
entt at Se
Seco
cond
ndar
aryy si
side
de of 8M
8MVA
VA Tr
Tran
ansf
sfor
orme
mer(
r(IF
IF3)
3) = 1.1 X KV
1.1 KVss KA
√  3 X Z3

( 1.1 X X x L)
= kA
(√ 3 X 0.553)

IF3   =   7.580 KA

5 FAULT CURRENT 
    AT 
 AT  6.6 KV  HT  PANEL  AT 
 AT  PROPOSED  SUBSTATION 
 SUBSTATION 

Incoming power supply through 6.6kV, 3R X 3C X 300Sq.mm. Aluminium armoured

armoured Cable from 6.6KV Terminal of Power Transformer
5.1 Resistance of cable (Resistance / Km) =   0.129   ohm/km
Length of Cable (L) =   25   Meter
No.of Run (N) =   3   No.
Actual Resistance of Cable (Rd) RxL
= ohm
(N x 1000)

Rd   = 0.001075 ohm
5.2 Reactance of cable (X) (Reactance/Km) =   0.0830   ohm/Km

Actual Reactance of Cable (Xd) XxL

= ohm
(N x 1000)
 

Xd   =   0.000
0.000691
69166
667
7 ohm

2 2
5.3 Impedance of Cable (Zd) =   √(Rd + Xd )   ohm

Zd   =   0.0013 ohm

56.4 T otal Im pedance at  AT 

FAULT CURRENT 
6.6KV HT Panel (Z4) =
 AT  MOTOR TERMINAL (IBC ‐3 ‐ nearest)
Zd + Z3

6.6KV, 1R X 3C X 150Sqmm Aluminium armoured

Z4 Cable is connected
= between
0.556.6kV
5 HT Panel
ohm & HT Motor terminal

65.
.15
5.5 R eult
sist tCu
Faul
Fa anrren
ceent
Curr oft catabPr
leopos
Prop(Rosed
esed
istaSu
ncbsta
Subsetati
/ tion
Kon
m)6.
6.6K
6KV
V HT Pa
Pane
nell (I
(IF4
F4)) =   1 X KV  
1.1
1.
0.264 ohm/km
= kA
√ 3 X Z4
Length of Cable (L) =   180   Meter
No.of Run (N) =   ( 1.11 X )   No.
= kA
(√ 3 X 0.555)
Actual Resistance of Cable (Re) = RxL ohm
(N x 1000)
IF4 = 7.553 kA   Selected Fault KA at 6.6KV Bus
26.3 kA
Re   = 0.04752 ohm
6.2 Reactance of cable (X) (Reactance/Km) =   0.0890   ohm/Km

Actual Reactance of Cable (Xe) XxL

= ohm
(N x 1000)

Xe   =   0.01602 ohm

ImpedaYou're
nce of Cable (ZeReading a Preview 2 2
6.3 ) =   √(Re + Xe )   ohm
 Ze   =   0.0501 ohm

6.4
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Total Impedance at HT Motor terminal (Z5) = Ze + Z4

OR
Z5 = 0.606 ohm

6.5 Fault Current at IBC‐3 Motor Terminal (IF5) 1.1 X KV

= kA
√ 3 X Z5
Become a Scribd member for full access. Your
( 1.1 X X x L)
= kA
first 30 days are free. (√ 3 X 0.606)

IF5 = 6.917 kA

Continue for Free

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