Introduction
The Problem
Cigarette smoking is strongly associated with alcohol use in young adults. A large body
of work has examined predictors of drinking and of smoking to gain a better understanding
of the antecedents of engaging in drinking or smoking.
Cigarette smoking and drinking alcohol seems to be a prospective risk factor for incident
cognitive impairment; thus encouragement of older people to stop smoking could be
considered as part of a strategy to reduce the incidence of cognitive impairment.
Environment has a significant influence on growth and development of adolescents, and
a negative environment is a particular hindrance to normal personality formation. In
addition to temporary effects on adolescence, such negative environments can also have
more long-term effects, even into adulthood. In particular, adolescents spend a significant
amount of time around school, and they are influenced more around their school
environment. Adolescents are immature and therefore are susceptible to the influence of
a negative environment, and this situation is being addressed by society. Therefore, they
are more likely to be tempted by risky behaviors such as smoking, alcohol drinking, or
drug use, due to the environmental influence.
The aim of this study was to add information on the role of selected living habits related
to public health policy. Therefore, the purpose was to assess the effects and
consequences related to smoking, alcohol consumption and physical activity in both
health and economic terms. In more detail, it was targeted to study the association of the
living habits in question with morbidity and mortality and, furthermore, to investigate
whether the supposed health effects also influence the utilization of health services.
Conceptual Framework
Based on the study of our research, we present a conceptual paradigm and its framework
to explore how cigarette smoking and alcohol use impacts academic learning of Nabua
National High School Senior Students, the researcher adapted a timeline approach that
will guide progress to achieve the goal of the study. The conceptual paradigm of this
research focuses on the study before the research, preparation of the research, and after
the research.
Before the Research
This area featured the factors that influence the Nabua National High School senior
student in drinking alcohol and smoking cigarette inside and outside the school. This
include the different factors that affect them to be involved in the event such as social,
environmental, individual and factors. Individual factors include the age, sex, grade level,
income that are influenced by the social factors through socialization with their parents,
friends, classmates, siblings, and peers as well as the environmental factor in our country
in the country which is the developmental stage.
Preparation for the Research
This part contains the process that will be used by the researcher in exploring the positive
and negative effects of alcohol use and cigarette smoking, the different effects in cognitive
thinking and behavioral aspects of the senior students when it comes to their academic
learning. The important information will be gathered through the use of survey
questionnaires that is made by the researchers. Through these survey questionnaires,
the respondents will be able to come up with an outcome of an assessment to the
knowledge of student’s smokers of the cigarette and student users of alcohol will serve
as a basis for future researchers in formulating their health promotion program.
After the Research
Through the data gathered by the researcher, we conclude to conduct a seminar to
enlighten the minds of every senior student in Nabua National High School that smoking
cigarettes and drinking alcohol have numerous effects in our daily life and make them
understand the factors that predict concurrent heavy drinking and smoking may provide
valuable information for efforts to reduce smoking related and drinking related morbidity
and mortality. Importantly, this programs may have the net effect of reducing population
level to further eliminate cigarette smoking and drinking alcohol. Also to explain and make
the student realize the heightened risk that smoking cigarette and drinking alcohol brought
to the future learners of the next generations.
IMPACT OF THE RESEARCH
Programs and seminars to enhance the knowledge
and understanding of the Nabua National High School
senior students towards different negative effects that
smoking cigarette and alcohol use may bring and how
it affects their cognitive thinking and behavioral
aspects in terms of their academic learning.
PREPARATION FOR THE RESEARCH
Gathering and identifying the important information in
exploring the impacts of alcohol use and cigarette
smoking in terms of academic learning of the Nabua
National High School senior student through the use
of Survey Questionnaires.
BEFORE THE RESEARCH
Featuring the different factors that influence the senior
students of Nabua National High School to be involved
in smoking cigarettes and drinking alcohol such as the
individual, social and environmental factors in and
outside the school.
Figure 1
CONCEPTUAL PARADIGM
