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Calamba Campus
EFFECTS OF RECYCLED ASPHALT AS PARTIAL
REPLACEMENT OF CEMENT IN
CONCRETE MIXTURE
A Project Design Presented to
The Faculty of the College of Engineering
University of Perpetual Help -
Calamba Campus
In Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree of
Bachelor of Science in Civil Engineering
Bahoy, Josh Howell G.
Manaig, Ian Joshua L.
Pascasio, Vito S.
Sarate, Mc-Lloyd G.
University of Perpetual Help System DALTA
Calamba Campus
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title
Title Page
Table of Contents
CHAPTER 1: THE PROBLEM AND THE BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
1.1 Introduction
1.1.1 Background of the study
1.1.2 Statement of the problem
1.1.3 Review of related literatures
1.1.4 Synthesis
1.1.5 Theoretical/ Conceptual framework
1.1.6 Objective of the study
1.1.7 Significance of the study
1.1.8 Scope and limitations of the study
1.1.9
1.1.10 Definitions of terms
CHAPTER 2: METHODOLOGY
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Research Design/ Project development
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CHAPTER 1
THE PROBLEM AND THE BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
1.1 INTRODUCTION
Here in the Philippines there are a lot of road development and road
reconstruction project s. Therefore a lot of old asphalt pavement can be
reclaimed or recycled. It is often used for filling a land, a base material for
road ways, sidewalks and other similar paths .( VOLUME OF WASTE
ASPHALT )
Asphalt is a composite of mineral aggregates made out of 95%
mixture of crushed stoned, gravel and sand and 5% of black and sticky
Bitumen. Recycled Asphalt is simpl y and old asphalt that is removed during
the process of road reconstruction, excavation of a parking lot or other
related construction projects that use asphalt.
There are many people who assume that recycled materials are not
good as new. However, in this case the recycled asphalt it is just as good
as new asphalt. Using recycled asphalt is not onl y as good as new but it is
also good for environment, fewer materials are needed which makes it better
for our environment. New asphalt requires new oil , sand and gravel which
are not renewable resources. By using recycled asphalt we can preserve
these natural elements through various recycling efforts. It is also a money -
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saver both for consumer and supplier because it is less expensive than to
process a new mixture of asphalt it save both time and money.
(MENTION IN YOUR ARTCLE DPWH..)
We came up with the study of what is the effect of using recycled
asphalt to be a partial replacement for cement concrete mixture because as
we read some of the article and journals pertaining to used asphalt we
learned that recycled asphalt is as good as the newl y made asphalt. Also the
ongoing build build build project of current administration where they not
onl y target a building infrastructure but also a huge project on road
development and road reconstruction in some places around the Philippines.
With build build build proje ct many road reconstruction project will
happen. Because of that we will have tons of pile used asphalt pavements
available. That’s why instead of throwing the used asphalt we plan to
research about the effect of recycled asphalt if we use it as a partial
replacement to concrete cement mixture as they both have same properties
of bonding aggregates mixture.
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1.1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Recycled Asphalt or reprocessed pavement materials containing
asphalt and aggregates are materials when asphalt pavements are removed
for reconstruction. If properl y crushed and screened, reclaimed asphalt
consists of high -qualit y, well-graded aggregates coated by asphalt cement.
Advantages of recycling asphalt
Affordable
One of the major advantages of recycled asphalt is th at it is cost-
effective. This is because paving recycled asphalt requires fewer
resources than fresh asphalt. Additionall y, its production requires less
labor and equipment which in turn reduces your expenses. Contact our
experienced contractors to learn m ore about the pavement of recycled
asphalt or you can request a quote on our website to estimate your budget
better.
Eco-friendly
Asphalt is a non-bio degradable material and when thrown in a
landfill, it tends to stay there forever. Recycled asphalt is an eco-friendl y
solution to manage this waste that benefits your bud get as well as the
environment.
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Durable
The major component used in recycled asphalt is tar. And, tar is
known for its durabilit y and high adhesive strength. Hence, if paved
correctl y recycled asphalt can last a reasonable period of time.
Disadvantages of recycling asphalt
Quality
When the asphalt is reused, it usuall y compromises the qualit y of
the original material. Hence, it is not as durable as fresh asphalt and
develops cracks and potholes more frequentl y.
Discoloration
Due to the previous exposure to sun and other weathering
conditions, the recycled asphalt loses its luster earlier than normal
asphalt. And, the usual deep, black color of traditional asphalt fades away
more easil y. Hence, it is not suitable for office spaces that experience
heavy traffic.
Maintenance
It is important to get a driveway paved with recycled asphalt
maintained by a professional contractor onl y. This is because trying to
seal or repair the used asphalt c an lead to permanent damages on its
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surface. Cleaning with the harsh chemicals can also reduce its lifespan.
Regular maintenance with an experienced contractor ensures your
driveway lasts a longer.
1.1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
This comparative research aims to answer the main problem to
determine the effectiveness of Recycled Asphalt as partial replacement of
concrete cement mixture. The researchers intend to answer the following
specific problems:
1. What is the desired percentage of asphalt as a partial replacement
to cement in concrete mixture with comparable strength ?
2. What is the difference between the strength of cement to recycled
asphalt as a binding mixture of concrete?
3. What are the different properties of cement concrete and recycled
asphalt?
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1.1.3 REVIEWS OF RELATED LITERATURES
This chapter includes the literature, finished thesis, conclusions and
others. Those that were included in this chapter helps in familiarizing
information that were relevant and similar to the present study.
Related Literatures
According to
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1.1.4 SYNTHESIS
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1.1.5 CONCEPTUAL AND THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
Thesis Concept/Subject of the Study
Review of Related Literature
Gathering of Materials
Preparation of 3 Concrete Cylinder with Partial Mixture of
Asphalt and Cement, and a Concrete Cylinder with a Pure
Cement Mixture
Comparing the Strength of the 4 Concrete Cylinder
Data Gathering and Analysis of Result
Conclusion and Recommendation
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Module 1
Module 2
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Module 3
Module 4
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1.1.6 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
These are the main objectives of the “Effect of Recycled Asphalt
Pavement as partial replacement in cement concrete mixture.
General Objective: To investigate the effect of using recycle d asphalt
pavement as partial replacement in making a mixture of cement concrete.
Specific Objective:
1. To determine the st rength of recycled asphalt as partial
replacement to cement in concrete mixture.
2. To evaluate the strength between the cement concrete and
recycled asphalt as a binding mixture of concrete.
3. To identify the different properties of cement concrete and
recycled asphalt.
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1.1.7 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
This proposed research project will serve as an additional reference
material for University of Perpetual Help System DALTA – Calamba
Campus as a reference in using a material from a construction waste. The
engineering facult y and students could use this research project as an
instructional material for their research in discovering other used of
recycled asphalt for construction industries. This study gives an overall
view on the process of using recycled materials in construction industries.
For the academe this study will enhance the knowledge of every students and
professors on the importance of using recycled asphalt.
For the field of engineering to give a better option in creating a concrete mixture
that has a less cost but durable
For the environment saves on construction material waste since the recycled
material is not sent to a landfill.
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1.1.8 SCOPE AND LIMITATION
This study focused on the research of the effect of recycled asphalt as partial
replacement to cement concrete mixture. Recycled asphalt where gathered from road
reconstruction project around Laguna.
This project will cover the scope as follows:
1. Review literature on asphalt cement pavement systems with respect to effect
of strength, construction and maintenance.
2. Provide initial guidelines for asphalt cement based on preliminary findings
strength analysis.
3. Evaluate several laboratory asphalt cement designs for durability and
strength.
This project will cover the Limitation of the study
1. The percentage of recycled asphalt needed to a cement concrete mixture.
2. The investigation of the strength of recycled asphalt as partial replacement
to concrete cement.
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1.1.10 DEFINITIONS OF TERMS
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CHAPTER 2
METHODOLOGY
2.1 INTRODUCTION
The purpose of this chapter is to present research methodology
employed in this study. The methodology for this research was divided into
four. First module is to determine the compressive strength of mixture (40%
asphalt and asphalt aggregates, 60% cement). Second module to determine
the compressive strength of mixture (60% asphalt and asphalt aggregates,
40% cement). The third module is to determine the compressive strength of
mixture (80% asphalt and asphalt aggregates, 20% cement).The last module
is to determine the compressive strength of mixt ure (100% cement).
2.2 RESEARCH DESIGN/ PROJECT DEVELOPMENT
The researchers will collect reclaimed asphalt pavement for every
road reconstruction around barangays in Laguna. Cement will always be
available in most of the hardware in Calamba.
Material Preparation
Reclaimed asphalt pavement will be crush into coarse aggregate and
fine aggregate.
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Mixing of materials
In a container, mix the cement and Reclaimed asphalt pavements per
mix design indicated in the module
Compacting of Sample Mixture
After mixing of Reclaimed asphalt pavement and cement, pour it into
a molding cylinder to be compacted.
Curing of Sample Mixture
Remove the sample into the molding cylinder and place in an area at
a room temperature and consistent relative humidit y for 7 and 14 days.
Testing of Mixture Sample
The testing of mixture sample is done after 7 and 14 days of curing.
The sample is subjected into various geotechnical tes ts as per compression
strength.
Calculations for Compressive Anal ysis
CS = F ÷ A , (Equation 1)
Where
CS = the compressive strength,
F = the force or load at point of failure and
A = the initial cross -sectional surface area.
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2.2 Materials/ Apparatus:
1. Stone Crusher Machine - a machine designed to reduce large rocks
into smaller rocks, gravel, or rock dust.
2. Recycled Asphalt Pavement - is a term given to removed and/or
reprocessed pavement materials containing asphalt and aggregates.
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3. Coarse Aggregate - is a broad category of coarse to medium
grained particulate material used in construction, including sand,
gravel, crushed stone, slag, recycled concrete and geosynthetic
aggregates
4. Fine Aggregate - generall y consist of natural sand or crushed
stone with most particles passing through a 3/8 -inch sieve.
5. Mineral Filler - finel y ground particles of limestone, hydrated
lime, Portland cement or other non -plastic mineral matter,
predominantl y finer than 0.075mm that is added to the mix.
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6. Cement - is a binder, a substance used for construction that sets,
hardens, and adheres to other materials to bind them together.
7. Compression Testing Machine - are universal testing machines
speciall y configured to evaluate static compressive strength
characteristics of materials, products, and components. Our
compression test machines measure characteristics such as ultimate
compression strength, yield strength , deflection and modulus.
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8. Cylinder molds - or plastic versions can be used to form specimens
for testing compressive strength, orserve as sample containers for
set-time testing. Concrete Mold Accessories are designed for use in
lab or field, and allow for easy removal and transporting of the
concrete cylinders.
9. Asphalt concrete (Cylinder) - is a composite material commonl y
used to surface roads, parking lots, airports, as well as the core of
embankment dams.
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10.Cement concrete (Cylinder) - The cement concrete is a mixture
of cement, sand, pebbles or crushed rock and water, which, when
placed in the skeleton of forms and allowed to cure, becomes hard
like a stone
