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OpenBSD Network Boot Setup Guide

The document discusses setting up a network booted OpenBSD workstation environment. Key points include: - DHCP, TFTP, and NFS are configured to PXE boot OpenBSD installations from a centralized root filesystem stored on a server. - The root filesystem is created by extracting packages and configuring devices, filesystems, users, and services. It takes up around 34MB per workstation. - Additional filesystems like /usr and package databases are also provided via NFS. - LDAP integration is configured for centralized user and group authentication. - Benefits include easy maintenance and upgrades by managing the root filesystem from one location, while potential issues addressed are slower performance and lack of

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97 views30 pages

OpenBSD Network Boot Setup Guide

The document discusses setting up a network booted OpenBSD workstation environment. Key points include: - DHCP, TFTP, and NFS are configured to PXE boot OpenBSD installations from a centralized root filesystem stored on a server. - The root filesystem is created by extracting packages and configuring devices, filesystems, users, and services. It takes up around 34MB per workstation. - Additional filesystems like /usr and package databases are also provided via NFS. - LDAP integration is configured for centralized user and group authentication. - Benefits include easy maintenance and upgrades by managing the root filesystem from one location, while potential issues addressed are slower performance and lack of

Uploaded by

Nb A Dung
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Network booted

OpenBSD Workstations

Jan Klemkow
<jan@[Link]>

BSDCan
May 17th 2019
whoami

Profession OpenBSD
Master of Engineering User since 3.9
Software Developer Contributor since 5.0
Developer since 6.6
The given Environment.
Given Environment

Linux Workstations

/home via NFS

LDAP Server

PXE booted GRUB bootloader


default disk
optional Linux Netinstall
Given Environment

Linux Workstations

/home via NFS

LDAP Server

PXE booted GRUB bootloader


default disk
optional OpenBSD Live Boot
optional Linux Netinstall
Needed Environment
Needed Environment

# cat /etc/[Link]
...
host client {
hardware ethernet xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx;
fixed-address [Link];
next-server [Link];
filename “pxeboot“;
}
...

# rcctl enable dhcpd


# rcctl start dhcpd
Needed Environment

# mkdir /tftpboot
# cp /usr/mdec/pxeboot /tftpboot

# cat /etc/[Link]
...
tftpd_flags=-l [Link] /tftpboot
...

# rcctl start tftpd


Needed Environment

# cp /bsd /tftpboot
Needed Environment

# cat /etc/ethers
...
xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx client
...

# cat /etc/hosts
...
[Link] client
...

# rcctl enable rarpd


# rcctl start rarpd
Needed Environment

# cat /etc/ethers
...
xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx client
...

# cat /etc/hosts
...
[Link] client
...

# rcctl enable rarpd


# rcctl start rarpd
Needed Environment

# cat /etc/ethers
...
xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx client
...

# cat /etc/hosts
...
[Link] client
...

# rcctl enable rarpd


# rcctl start rarpd
Needed Environment

# cat /etc/bootparams
...
client root=[Link]:/exports/client
...

# rcctl enable bootparamd


# rcctl start bootparamd
How to create a root filesystem?
Create a root filesystem
# mkdir -p /export/client
# tar xzphf *.tgz -C /export/client

# cd /export/client/var/sysmerge/
# tar xzphf [Link] -C /export/client/
# tar xzphf [Link] -C /export/client/

# cd /export/client
# (cd dev; ./MAKEDEV all)

# cat > etc/fstab <<-EOF


[Link]:/export/client / nfs rw 0 0
[Link]:/usr /usr nfs ro 0 0
swap /tmp mfs rw,-s512M 0 0
EOF

# echo “client“ > etc/myname


# echo “dhcp“ > etc/hostname.em0
# echo “portmap_flags=“ >> etc/[Link]
# echo “ypbind_flags=“ >> etc/[Link]
# echo “xendom_flags=“ >> etc/[Link]

# echo “[Link]“ > etc/defaultdomain


# echo '+:*::::::::' >> etc/[Link]
# echo '+:*::' >> etc/group
# pwd_mkdb -d etc -p etc/[Link]
# cap_mkdb -f etc/[Link] /etc/[Link]
How big is a default root
filesystem?
Size of all root filesystems of all
Workstations?

# du -sh /export/client
922M /export/client

~1 GiByte/WS × 250 WS = 250 GiByte


Breakdown the size of a default
installation
Size of all root filesystems of all
Workstations?

# rm -r /export/client/usr/*

# du -sh /export/client
34M /export/client

~34 MiByte/WS × 250 WS = 8.5 GiByte


Needed Environment

# cat /etc/exports
/usr -ro -network=[Link] -mask=[Link]
/var/db/pkg -ro -network=[Link] -mask=255...
...
/export/client -maproot=root -alldirs [Link]
...

# rcctl enable mountd nfsd portmap


# rcctl start mountd nfsd portmap
Needed Environment

# cat /etc/ethers
...
xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx client
...

# cat /etc/hosts
...
[Link] client
...

# rcctl enable rarpd


# rcctl start rarpd
Needed Environment

# cat /etc/[Link]

domain “[Link]“

provide map “[Link]“


provide map “[Link]“
provide map “[Link]“
provide map “[Link]“
provide map “[Link]“

directory “[Link]“ tls {


...
passwd filter “(objectClass=posixAccount)“
...
}

# rcctl enable ypldap


# rcctl start ypldap
Some hints

# cat /export/client/etc/fstab
...
swap /tmp mfs rw,-s512M
[Link]:/var/db/pkg /var/db/pkg nfs ro
Used Hardware

Workstation vServer
CPU Intel Core i5-4590 Intel Xeon
RAM 8 GiByte 43xx
Net 100 MBit/s 4 GiByte
Disk 1 GBit/s
GFX Intel integrated 128 GiByte
GFX
User Experience

system starts a bit slower


programs starts a bit slower

no local storage

Rollout of 250 Workstations in 12min


Problems.
User Experience Problems: NVIDIA GFX
User Experience Problems

sharing ~/.* between Linux and OpenBSD


switching OpenBSD <-> Linux shifts the Clock
no swap
non-persistent /tmp
/etc/sshd/known_hosts
Administration

All rootfs at /export/...


Offline Maintainance
Easy Upgrade
End

Questions?

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