This set of Discrete Mathematics Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on

“Propositions”.

1. Which of the following statement is a proposition?

a) Get me a glass of milkshake
b) God bless you!
c) What is the time now?
d) The only odd prime number is 2
Answer: d
Explanation: Only this statement has got the truth value which is false.
2. The truth value of given statement is
‘4+3=7 or 5 is not prime’.
a) False
b) True
Answer: b
Explanation: Compound statement with ‘or’ is true when either of the statement is true. Here the first
part of statement is true, hence whole is true.
3. Which of the following option is true?
a) If the Sun is a planet, elephants will fly
b) 3 +2 = 8 if 5-2 = 7
c) 1 > 3 and 3 is a positive integer
d) -2 > 3 or 3 is a negative integer
Answer: a
Explanation: Hypothesis is false, thus the whole statement is true.
4. What is the value of x after this statement, assuming initial value of x is 5?
‘If x equals to one then x=x+2 else x=0’.
a) 1
b) 3
c) 0
d) 2
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: If condition is false so value decided according to else condition.
5. Let P: I am in Bangalore. , Q: I love cricket. ; then q -> p(q implies p) is:
a) If I love cricket then I am in Bangalore
b) If I am in Bangalore then I love cricket
c) I am not in Bangalore
d) I love cricket
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: Q is hypothesis and P is conclusion. So the compound statement will be if hypothesis
then conclusion.
6. Let P:If Sahil bowls, Saurabh hits a century. ,Q: If Raju bowls , Sahil gets out on first ball. Now if P
is true and Q is false then which of the following can be true?
a) Raju bowled and Sahil got out on first ball
b) Raju did not bowled
c) Sahil bowled and Saurabh hits a century
d) Sahil bowled and Saurabh got out
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: Either hypothesis should be false or both (hypothesis and conclusion) should be true.
7. The truth value of given statement is
‘If 9 is prime then 3 is even’.
a) False
b) True
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: The first part of statement is false, hence whole is true.
8. Let P: I am in Delhi. , Q: Delhi is clean. ; then q ^ p(q and p) is:
a) Delhi is clean and I am in Delhi
b) Delhi is not clean or I am in Delhi
c) I am in Delhi and Delhi is not clean
d) Delhi is clean but I am in Mumbai
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: Connector should be ‘and’, that is q and p.
9. Let P: This is a great website, Q: You should not come back here.
Then ‘This is a great website and you should come back here.’ is best represented by:
a) ~P V ~Q
b) P ∧ ~Q
c) P V Q
d) P ∧ Q
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: The second part of statement is negated, hence negation operator is used.
10. Let P: We should be honest., Q: We should be dedicated .,R: We should be overconfident.
Then ‘We should be honest or dedicated but not overconfident.’ is best represented by:
a) ~P V ~Q V R
b) P ∧ ~Q ∧ R
c) P V Q ∧ R
d) P V Q ∧ ~R
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: The third part of statement is negated, hence negation operator is used, for (‘or’ –V) is
used and for(’but’- ∧).

Logic and Bit

This set of Discrete Mathematics Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Logic
and Bit Operations”.

1. Which of the following bits is the negation of the bits “010110”?

a) 111001
b) 001001
c) 101001
d) 111111
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: Flip each of the bit to get the negation of the required string.
2. Which of the following option is suitable, if A is “10110110”, B is”11100000”and C is”10100000”?
a) C=A or B
b) C=~A
c) C=~B
d) C=A and B
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: Output of and is 1 when both other inputs are one.
3. How many bits string of length 4 are possible such that they contains 2 ones and 2 zeroes?
a) 4
b) 2
c) 5
d) 6
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: The strings are {0011, 0110, 1001, 1100, 1010 and 0101}.
4. If a bit string contains {0, 1} only, having length 5 has no more than 2 ones in it. Then how many
such bit strings are possible?
a) 14
b) 12
c) 15
d) 16
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: The total strings are 1(having no one in it) +5(having 1 one in it) +10 (having 2 ones in
it) = 16.
5. If A is “001100” and B is “010101” then A (Ex-or) B is
a) 000000
b) 111111
c) 001101
d) 011001
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: In Ex-or if both the inputs are same then output is 0 otherwise 1.
6. The Ex-nor of this string “01010101”with “11111111” is
a) 10101010
b) 00110100
c) 01010101
d) 10101001
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: In Ex-nor if both the inputs are same then output is 1 otherwise 0.
7. The one’s complement of this string “01010100” is
a) 10101010
b) 00110101
c) 10101011
d) 10101001
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: Negate every bit in one’s complement.
8. The 2’s complement of this string “01010100” is
a) 10101010
b) 00110100
c) 10101100
d) 10101001
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: In two’s complement negate every bit from left until the first one from right is
encountered.
9. If in a bits string of {0,1} ,of length 4,such that no two ones are together. Then total number of
such possible strings are?
a) 1
b) 5
c) 7
d) 4
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: Strings can be {1001, 1010, 0101, 1000, 0100, 0010, 0001}.
10. Let A : “010101” ,B=? ,If { A (Ex-or) B } is a resultant string of all ones then which of the following
statement regarding B is correct
a) B is negation of A
b) B is 101010
c) {A (and) B} is a resultant string having all zeroes
d) All of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: In Ex-or both if both the inputs are same then output is 0 otherwise 1.

Tautologies and Contradictions

This set of Discrete Mathematics Questions and Answers for Experienced people focuses
on “Tautologies and Contradictions”.

1. A compound proposition that is always ___________ is called a tautology.

a) True
b) False
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: Tautology is always true.
2. A compound proposition that is always ___________ is called a contradiction.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Contradiction is always false.
3. If A is any statement, then which of the following is a tautology?
a) A ∧ F
b) A ∨ F
c) A ∨ ¬A
d) A ∧ T
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: A ∨ ¬A is always true.
4. If A is any statement, then which of the following is not a contradiction?
a) A ∨ ¬A
b) A ∨ F
c) A ∧ F
d) None of mentioned.
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: A ∨ F is not always false.
5. A compound proposition that is neither a tautology nor a contradiction is called a
___________
a) Contingency
b) Equivalence
c) Condition
d) Inference
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: Definition of contingency.
6. ¬ (A ∨ q) ∧ (A ∧ q) is a ___________
a) Tautology
b) Contradiction
c) Contingency
d) None of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: ≡ (¬A ∧ ¬q) ∧ (A ∧ q)
≡ (¬A ∧ A) ∧ (¬q ∧ q)
≡ F ∧ F ≡ F.
7. (A ∨ ¬A) ∨ (q ∨ T) is a __________
a) Tautology
b) Contradiction
c) Contingency
d) None of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: ≡ (A ∨ ¬A) ∨ (q ∨ T)
≡ T ∨ T ≡ T.
8. A ∧ ¬(A ∨ (A ∧ T)) is always __________
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: ≡ A ∧ ¬ (A ∨ (A ∧ T))
≡ A ∧ ¬(A ∨ A)
≡ A ∧ ¬A ≡ F.
9. (A ∨ F) ∨ (A ∨ T) is always _________
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: ≡ (A ∨ F) ∨ (A ∨ T)
≡ A ∨ T ≡ T.
10. A → (A ∨ q) is a __________
a) Tautology
b) Contradiction
c) Contingency
d) None of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: ≡ A → (A ∨ q)
≡ ¬A ∨ (A ∨ q)
≡ (A ∨ ¬A) ∨ q
≡ T ∨ q ≡ T.

Types of Statements
This set of Discrete Mathematics Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Types
of Statements”.

1. The contrapositive of p → q is the proposition:

a) ¬p → ¬q
b) ¬q → ¬p
c) q → p
d) ¬q → p
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Definition of contrapositive.
2. The inverse of p → q is the proposition:
a) ¬p → ¬q
b) ¬q → ¬p
c) q → p
d) ¬q → p
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: Definition of inverse.
3. The converse of p → q is the proposition:
a) ¬p → ¬q
b) ¬q → ¬p
c) q → p
d) ¬q → p
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: Definition of converse.
4. What is the contrapositive of the conditional statement? “The home team misses whenever it is
drizzling?”
a) If it is drizzling, then home team misses
b) If the home team misses, then it is drizzling
c) If it is not drizzling, then the home team does not misses
d) If the home team wins, then it is not drizzling
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: q whenever p contrapositive is ¬q → ¬p.
5. What is the converse of the conditional statement “If it ices today, I will play ice hockey tomorrow.
a) “I will play ice hockey tomorrow only if it ices today.”
b) “If I do not play ice hockey tomorrow, then it will not have iced today.”
c) “If it does not ice today, then I will not play ice hockey tomorrow.”
d) “I will not play ice hockey tomorrow only if it ices today.”
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: If p, then q has converse q → p.
6. What are the contrapositive of the conditional statement “I come to class whenever there is going
to be a test.
a) “If I come to class, then there will be a test.”
b) “If I do not come to class, then there will not be a test.”
c) “If there is not going to be a test, then I don’t come to class.”
d) “If there is going to be a test, then I don’t come to class.”
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: q whenever p, has contrapositive ¬q → ¬p.
7. What are the inverse of the conditional statement “ A positive integer is a composite only if it has
divisors other than 1 and itself.”
a) “A positive integer is a composite if it has divisors other than 1 and itself.”
b) “If a positive integer has no divisors other than 1 and itself, then it is not composite.”
c) “If a positive integer is not composite, then it has no divisors other than 1 and itself.”
d) None of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: p only if q has inverse ¬p → ¬q.
8. What are the converse of the conditional statement “When Raj stay up late, it is necessary that
Raj sleep until noon.”
a) “If Raj stay up late, then Raj sleep until noon.”
b) “If Raj does not stay up late, then Raj does not sleep until noon.”
c) “If Raj does not sleep until noon, then Raj does not stay up late.”
d) “If Raj sleep until noon, then Raj stay up late.”
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: Necessary condition for p is q has converse q → p.
9. What are the contrapositive of the conditional statement “Medha will find a decent job when she
labour hard.”?
a) “If Medha labour hard, then she will find a decent job.”
b) “If Medha will not find a decent job, then she not labour hard.”
c) “If Medha will find a decent job, then she labour hard.”
d) “If Medha not labour hard, then she will not find a decent job.”
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: The statement q when p has its contrapositive as ¬q → ¬p.
10. What are the inverse of the conditional statement “If you make your notes, it will be a convenient
in exams.”
a) “If you make notes, then it will be a convenient in exams.”
b) “If you do not make notes, then it will not be a convenient in exams.”
c) “If it will not be a convenient in exams, then you did not make your notes.”
d) “If it will be a convenient in exams, then you make your notes
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: If p then q has inverse ¬p → ¬q.
Predicate Logic Quantifiers
This set of Discrete Mathematics Interview Questions and Answers for Experienced
people focuses on “Predicate Logic Quantifiers”.
1. Let P (x) denote the statement “x >7.” Which of these have truth value true?
a) P (0)
b) P (4)
c) P (6)
d) P (9)
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: Put x=9, 9>7 which is true.
2. Let Q(x) be the statement “x < 5.” What is the truth value of the quantification ∀xQ(x),
having domains as real numbers?
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Q(x) is not true for every real number x, because, for instance, Q(6) is false. That is,
x = 6 is a counterexample for the statement ∀xQ(x). Thus is false.
3. Determine the truth value of ∀n(n + 1 > n) if the domain consists of all real numbers.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: There are no elements in the domain for which the statement is false.
4. Let P(x) denote the statement “x = x + 7.” What is the truth value of the quantification
∃xP(x), where the domain consists of all real numbers?
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Because P(x) is false for every real number x, the existential quantification of Q(x),
which is ∃xP(x), is false.
5. Let R (x) denote the statement “x > 2.” What is the truth value of the quantification
∃xR(x), having domain as real numbers?
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: Because “x > 2” is sometimes true—for instance, when x = 3–the existential
quantification of R(x), which is ∃xR(x), is true.
6. The statement,” Every comedian is funny” where C(x) is “x is a comedian” and F (x) is
“x is funny” and the domain consists of all people.
a) ∃x(C(x) ∧ F (x))
b) ∀x(C(x) ∧ F (x))
c) ∃x(C(x) → F (x))
d) ∀x(C(x) → F (x))
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: For every person x, if comedian then x is funny.
7. The statement, “At least one of your friends is perfect”. Let P (x) be “x is perfect” and
let F (x) be “x is your friend” and let the domain be all people.
a) ∀x (F (x) → P (x))
b) ∀x (F (x) ∧ P (x))
c) ∃x (F (x) ∧ P (x))
d) ∃x (F (x) → P (x))
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: For some x, x is friend and funny.
8. ”Everyone wants to learn cosmology.” This argument may be true for which domains?
a) All students in your cosmology class
b) All the cosmology learning students in the world
c) Both of the mentioned
d) None of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: Domain may be limited to your class or may be whole world both are good as it
satisfies universal quantifier.
9. Let domain of m includes all students , P (m) be the statement “m spends more than 2
hours in playing polo”. Express ∀m ¬P (m) quantification in English.
a) A student is there who spends more than 2 hours in playing polo
b) There is a student who does not spend more than 2 hours in playing polo
c) All students spends more than 2 hours in playing polo
d) No student spends more than 2 hours in playing polo
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: There is no student who spends more than 2 hours in playing polo.
10. Determine the truth value of statement ∃n (4n = 3n) if the domain consists of all
integers.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: For n=0, 4n=3n hence, it is true.

Inference
This set of Discrete Mathematics Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on
“Inference”.

1. Which rule of inference is used in each of these arguments, “If it is Wednesday, then the
Smartmart will be crowded. It is Wednesday. Thus, the Smartmart is crowded.”
a) Modus tollens
b) Modus ponens
c) Disjunctive syllogism
d) Simplification
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: (M ∧ (M → N)) → N is Modus ponens.
2. Which rule of inference is used in each of these arguments, “If it hailstoday, the local office will be
closed. The local office is not closed today. Thus, it did not hailed today.”
a) Modus tollens
b) Conjunction
c) Hypothetical syllogism
d) Simplification
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: (¬N ∧ (M → N)) → ¬M is Modus tollens.
3. Which rule of inference is used,”Bhavika will work in an enterprise this summer. Therefore, this
summer Bhavika will work in an enterprise or he will go to beach.”
a) Simplification
b) Conjunction
c) Addition
d) Disjunctive syllogism
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: p → (p ∨ q) argument is ‘Addition’.
4. What rule of inference is used here?
“It is cloudy and drizzling now. Therefore, it is cloudy now.”?
a) Addition
b) Simplification
c) Resolution
d) Conjunction
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: (p ∧ q) → p argument is Simplification.
5. What rule of inference is used in this argument?
“If I go for a balanced diet, then I will be fit. If I will be fit, then I will remain healthy. Therefore, if I go
for a balanced diet, then I will remain healthy.”
a) Modus tollens
b) Modus ponens
c) Disjunctive syllogism
d) Hypothetical syllogism
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: ((p → q) ∧ (q → r)) → (p → r) argument is ‘Hypothetical syllogism’.
6. What rules of inference are used in this argument?
“All students in this science class has taken a course in physics” and “Marry is a student in this
class” imply the conclusion “Marry has taken a course in physics.”
a) Universal instantiation
b) Universal generalization
c) Existential instantiation
d) Existential generalization
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: ∀xP (x), ∴ P (c) Universal instantiation.
7. What rules of inference are used in this argument?
“It is either colder than Himalaya today or the pollution is harmful. It is hotter than Himalaya today.
Therefore, the pollution is harmful.”
a) Conjunction
b) Modus ponens
c) Disjunctive syllogism
d) Hypothetical syllogism
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: ((p ∨ q) ∧ ¬p) → q argument is Disjunctive syllogism.
8. The premises (p ∧ q) ∨ r and r → s imply which of the conclusion?
a) p ∨ r
b) p ∨ s
c) q ∨ s
d) q ∨ r
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: The premises (p ∧ q) ∨ r as two clauses, p ∨ r and q ∨ r. We can also replace r → s by
the equivalent clause ¬r ∨ s. using the two clauses p ∨ r and ¬r ∨ s, we can use resolution to
conclude p ∨ s.
9. What rules of inference are used in this argument?
“Jay is an awesome student .Jay is also a good dancer. Therefore, Jay is an awesome student and
a good dancer.”
a) Conjunction
b) Modus ponens
c) Disjunctive syllogism
d) Simplification
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: ((p) ∧ (q)) → (p ∧ q) argument is conjunction.
10. “Parul is out for a trip or it is not snowing” and “It is snowing or Raju is playing chess” imply that
a) Parul is out for trip.
b) Raju is playing chess
c) Parul is out for a trip and Raju is playing chess.
d) Parul is out for a trip or Raju is playing chess.
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: Let p be “It is snowing,” q be “Parul is out for a trip,” and r the proposition “Raju is
playing chess.” The hypotheses as ¬p ∨ q and p ∨ r, respectively. Using resolution, the proposition q
∨ r is, “Parul is out for a trip or Raju is playing chess.”

“Sets”.
1. A __________ is an ordered collection of objects.
a) Relation
b) Function
c) Set
d) Proposition
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: By the definition of set.
2. The set O of odd positive integers less than 10 can be expressed by _____________
a) {1, 2, 3}
b) {1, 3, 5, 7, 9}
c) {1, 2, 5, 9}
d) {1, 5, 7, 9, 11}
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Odd numbers less than 10 is {1, 3, 5, 7, 9}.
3. Power set of empty set has exactly _________ subset.
a) One
b) Two
c) Zero
d) Three
View Answer

4. What is the Cartesian product of A = {1, 2} and B = {a, b}?

a) {(1, a), (1, b), (2, a), (b, b)}
b) {(1, 1), (2, 2), (a, a), (b, b)}
c) {(1, a), (2, a), (1, b), (2, b)}
d) {(1, 1), (a, a), (2, a), (1, b)}
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: A subset R of the Cartesian product A x B is a relation from the set A to the set B.
5. The Cartesian Product B x A is equal to the Cartesian product A x B. Is it True or False?
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Let A = {1, 2} and B = {a, b}. The Cartesian product A x B = {(1, a), (1, b), (2, a), (2, b)}
and the Cartesian product B x A = {(a, 1), (a, 2), (b, 1), (b, 2)}. This is not equal to A x B.
6. What is the cardinality of the set of odd positive integers less than 10?
a) 10
b) 5
c) 3
d) 20
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Set S of odd positive an odd integer less than 10 is {1, 3, 5, 7, 9}. Then, Cardinality of
set S = |S| which is 5.
7. Which of the following two sets are equal?
a) A = {1, 2} and B = {1}
b) A = {1, 2} and B = {1, 2, 3}
c) A = {1, 2, 3} and B = {2, 1, 3}
d) A = {1, 2, 4} and B = {1, 2, 3}
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: Two set are equal if and only if they have the same elements.
8. The set of positive integers is _____________
a) Infinite
b) Finite
c) Subset
d) Empty
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: The set of positive integers is not finite.
9. What is the Cardinality of the Power set of the set {0, 1, 2}.
a) 8
b) 6
c) 7
d) 9
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: Power set P ({0, 1, 2}) is the set of all subsets of {0, 1, 2}. Hence,P({0, 1, 2}) = {null ,
{0}, {1}, {2}, {0, 1}, {0,2}, {1, 2}, {0, 1, 2}}.
10. The members of the set S = {x | x is the square of an integer and x < 100} is ________________
a) {0, 2, 4, 5, 9, 58, 49, 56, 99, 12}
b) {0, 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81}
c) {1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 64, 81, 85, 99}
d) {0, 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 121}
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: The set S consists of the square of an integer less than 10.

“Functions”.
1. A function is said to be ______________ if and only if f(a) = f(b) implies that a = b for all a and b in
the domain of f.
a) One-to-many
b) One-to-one
c) Many-to-many
d) Many-to-one
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: A function is one-to-one if and only if f(a)≠f(b) whenever a≠b.
2. The function f(x)=x+1 from the set of integers to itself is onto. Is it True or False?
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: For every integer “y” there is an integer “x ” such that f(x) = y.
3. The value of ⌊1/2.⌊5/2⌋ ⌋ is ______________
a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) 0.5
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: The value of ⌊5/2⌋ is 2 so, the value of ⌊1/2.2⌋ is 1.
4. Which of the following function f: Z X Z → Z is not onto?
a) f(a, b) = a + b
b) f(a, b) = a
c) f(a, b) = |b|
d) f(a, b) = a – b
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: The function is not onto as f(a)≠b.
5. The domain of the function that assign to each pair of integers the maximum of these two integers
is ___________
a) N
b) Z
c) Z +
d) Z+ X Z+
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: The domain of the integers is Z+ X Z+ .
6. Let f and g be the function from the set of integers to itself, defined by f(x) = 2x + 1 and g(x) = 3x +
4. Then the composition of f and g is ____________
a) 6x + 9
b) 6x + 7
c) 6x + 6
d) 6x + 8
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: The composition of f and g is given by f(g(x)) which is equal to 2(3x + 4) + 1.
7. __________ bytes are required to encode 2000 bits of data.
a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) 8
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Two bytes are required to encode 2000 (actually with 2 bytes you can encode up to and
including 65,535.
8. The inverse of function f(x) = x3 + 2 is ____________
a) f -1 (y) = (y – 2) 1/2
b) f -1 (y) = (y – 2) 1/3
c) f -1 (y) = (y) 1/3
d) f -1 (y) = (y – 2)
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: To find the inverse of the function equate f(x) then find the value of x in terms of y such
that f -1 (y) = x.
9. The function f(x) = x3 is bijection from R to R. Is it True or False?
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: The function f(x) = x3 is one to one as no two values in domain are assigned the same
value of the function and it is onto as all R of the co domain is images of elements in domain.
10. The g -1({0}) for the function g(x)= ⌊x⌋ is ___________
a) {x | 0 ≤ x < 1}
b) {x | 0 < x ≤ 1}
c) {x | 0 < x < 1}
d) {x | 0 ≤ x ≤ 1}
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: g({0}) for the function g(x) is {x | 0 ≤ x ≤ 1}. Put g(x) = y and find the value of x in terms
of y such that ⌊x⌋ = y.
“Inverse of a Function”.

1. For an inverse to exist it is necessary that a function should be :

a) injection
b) bijection
c) surjection
d) none of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Inverse exist only for those functions which are one one and onto.
2. If f(x) = y then f -1(y) is equal to :
a) y
b) x
c) x2
d) none of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: On giving inverse, image the function returns preimage thus f -1 (y) = x.
3. A function f(x) is defined from A to B then f -1 is defined :
a) from A to B
b) from B to A
c) depends on the inverse of function
d) none of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Inverse associate each element in B with corresponding element in A.
4. If f is a function defined from R to R , is given by f(x) = 3x – 5 then f –1(x) is given by:
a) 1/(3x-5)
b) (x+5)/3
c) does not exist since it is not a bijection
d) none of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: y = 3x-5, x = (y+5)/3, f -1(x) = (x+5)/3.
5. State whether the given statement is true or false
For some bijective function inverse of that function is not bijective.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: If f(x) is a bijection than f -1(x) is also a bijection.
6. State whether the given statement is true or false
f(x) is a bijection than f -1(x) is a mirror image of f(x) around y = x.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: Inverse of a function is the mirror image of function in line y = x.
7. If f is a function defined from R to R , is given by f(x) = x2 then f –1(x) is given by:
a) 1/(3x-5)
b) (x+5)/3
c) does not exist since it is not a bijection
d) none of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: It is not a one one function hence Inverse does not exist.
8. For any function fof -1(x) is equal to ?
a) x
b) 1
c) x2
d) none of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation:Compostion of a function with its inverse gives x.
9. The solution to f(x) = f -1(x) are :
a) no solutions in any case
b) same as solution to f(x) = x
c) infinite number of solution for every case
d) none of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Inverse of a function is the mirror image of function in line y = x.
10. State True or False.
Let f(x) = x then number of solution to f(x) = f -1(x) is zero.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Since inverse of a function is the mirror image of function in line y = x, therefore in this
case infinte solution will exist.
Sequences and Summations
This set of Discrete Mathematics Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on
“Sequences and Summations”.

1. For the sequence 1, 7, 25, 79, 241, 727 … simple formula for {an} is ____________
a) 3n+1 – 2
b) 3n – 2
c) (-3)n + 4
d) n2 – 2
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: The ratio of consecutive numbers is close to 3. Comparing these terms with the
sequence of {3n} which is 3, 9, 27 …. Comparing these terms with the corresponding terms of
sequence {3n} and the nth term is 2 less than the corresponding power of 3.
2. For the sequence 0, 1, 2, 3 an is ____________
a) ⌈n/2⌉+⌊n/2⌋
b) ⌈n/2⌉+⌈n/2⌉
c) ⌊n/2⌋+⌊n/2⌋
d) ⌊n/2⌋
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: Expand the sequence ⌈n/2⌉+⌊n/2⌋ where a1 is ⌊0.5⌋+⌈0.5⌉ = 1+0 = 1, a2 is ⌊1⌋+⌈1⌉ = 1 +
1 = 2 and so on.
3. The value of∑(k=50)100 k2 is __________
a) 338,350
b) 297,900
c) 297,925
d) 290,025
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: Using the formula .∑(k=1)n k2 = (n(n + 1)(2n + 1)) / 6.
4. The sets A and B have same cardinality if and only if there is ___________ from A to B.
a) One-to-one
b) One-to-many
c) Many-to-many
d) Many-to-one
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: If there is one-to-one correspondence then they have same cardinality.
5. For the sequence an = ⌊√2n+ 1/2⌋, a7is ____________
a) 1
b) 7
c) 5
d) 4
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: a7 = ⌊√14+1/2⌋ which is ⌊4.24⌋ = 4.
6. The value of ∑(i=1)3 ∑(h=0)2 i is _________
a) 10
b) 17
c) 15
d) 18
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: The value of ∑(i=1)3 ∑(h=0)2 i = 1+1+1+2+2+2+3+3+3 = 18.
7. For the sequence an = 6. (1/3)n, a4 is _________
a) 2/25
b) 2/27
c) 2/19
d) 2/13
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Put n = 4 in the sequence.
8. The value of ∑(i=0)4i! is __________
a) 32
b) 30
c) 34
d) 35
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: First five term of the sequence n! is given by 1, 1, 2, 6, 24.
9. Set of all integers is counter. Is it True or False?
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: There is one-to-one correspondence between set of positive integers and set of all
integers.
10. The value of ∏( k=1)100 (-1) k is _________
a) 0
b) 1
c) -1
d) 2
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: The product of a1, a2, a3 …… an is represented by ∏(i=1)n ai.

Cardinality of Sets”.
1. The cardianlity of the set A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 6} is:
a) 5
b) 6
c) Integer
d) None of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: 5, it is number of elements in the sets.
2. For two equal sets there:
a) Cardinality is same
b) Cardinality is different
c) May be same or different
d) None of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: Two equal sets should have same number of elements.
3. If A is a subset of B:
a) Cardinality of A is greater than B
b) Cardinality of B is greater than A
c) Can’t say
d) None of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: B contains all the elements of A, as well as other elements.
4. If there is bijection between two sets A and B then :
a) Cardinality of A is greater than B
b) Cardinality of B is greater than A
c) Cardinality of B is equal to A
d) None of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: If there is bijection then two sets A and B will be equinumerous and thus will have same
cardinality.
5. Let a set E ={0,2,4,6,8….} of non-negative even numbers and O = {1, 3, 5, 7, 9,…..} of non-
negative odd numbers then :
a) Cardinality of set E is greater thanthat of O
b) Cardinality of set O is greater than that of E
c) Cardinality of set E is equal to that of O
d) None of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: There is bijection then two sets E and O and they will be equinumerous and thus will
have same cardinality.
6. State whether the given statement is true or false
Cardinality of the set of lower letter english alphabets is 26.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: From a, b, c…z there will be 26 elements.
7. Cardinality of the set of even prime number under 10 is 4.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Since 2 is only even prime thus cardinality should be 1.
8. If for sets A and B there exists a injective function but not bijective function from A to B then:
a) Cardinality of A is stricly greater than B
b) Cardinality of B is strictly greater than A
c) Cardinality of B is equal to A
d) None of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: If there doesnot exist a bijective function from A to B that means there are some
elements in B whose preimage is not in A, thus cardinality of B is strictly greater than A.
9. If cardinality of (A U B) = cardinality of A+ cardinality of B. This means:
a) A is a subset of B
b) B is a subset of A
c) A and B are disjoint
d) None of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: Thus if cardinality of (A U B) = cardinality of A+ cardinality of B ,it means they don’t
have any element in common, n(A∩B) = 0.
10. If A is a subset of B and B is a subset of C,then cardinaity of A U B U C is equal to :
a) Cardinality of C
b) Cardinality of B
c) Cardinality of A
d) None of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: A U B U C = C, since a, b are subsets to C.
Algorithms”.
1. An algorithm is a _________ set of precise instructions for performing computation.
a) Infinite
b) Finite
c) Constant
d) None of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: By the definition of algorithm.
2. Out of following which property algorithms does not share?
a) Input
b) Finiteness
c) Generality
d) Constancy
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: All the others are the properties of algorithms.
3. In ________ search each element is compared with x till not found.
a) Binary
b) Sequential
c) Merge
d) None of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: In linear or sequential search entire list is searched sequentially for x.
4. If the entire list is searched sequentially without locating x in linear search, the solution is
__________
a) 0
b) -1
c) 1
d) 2
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: If the element is not found in the entire list, then the solution is 0.
5. To sort a list with n elements, the insertion sort begins with the __________ element.
a) First
b) Second
c) Third
d) Fourth
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: The insertion sort compares second element with first element to start sorting.
6. __________ comparisons required to sort the list 1, 2, 3…….n using insertion sort.
a) (n2 + n + 2) / 2
b) (n3 + n – 2) / 2
c) (n2 + n – 2) / 2
d) (n2 – n – 2) / 2
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: 2+3+4+….6n = (n2 + n – 2) / 2.
7. The Worst case occurs in linear search algorithm when
a) Item is somewhere in the middle of the array
b) Item is not in the array at all
c) Item is the last element in the array
d) Item is the last element in the array or is not there at all
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: The Worst case occur in linear search algorithm when Item is the last element in the
array or is not there at all.
8. List obtained in third pass of selection sort for list 3, 5, 4, 1, 2 is ___________
a) 1, 2, 4, 3, 5
b) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
c) 1, 5, 4, 3, 2
d) 3, 5, 4, 1, 2
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: The selection sort begins with finding the least element in the list. This element is
moved to front and then the least element among the remaining elements. is found and put into the
second position and so on.
9. The operation of processing each element in the list is known as
a) Sorting
b) Merging
c) Inserting
d) Traversal
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: The operation of processing each element in the list is known as Traversal.
10. The complexity of Bubble sort algorithm is
a) O(n)
b) O(log n)
c) O(n2)
d) O(n log n)
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: The complexity of Bubble sort algorithm is O(n2).