Filename: EAAM019909EN.

docx
Rev. 09 Date: 02/10/2013
ID Document: EAAM0199
Product: DST4601/PX GC500
 Revision Date Pages Notes

00 28/08/06 19
01 27/10/06 19 Added parameters P.853 and P.854
02 15/01/07 20 Revision of par. 3.3. Other minor changes
03 18/07/07 24 Added par. 3.4.16, 3.4.17 and from par. 3.5.3 to par. 3.5.18
04 03/04/08 30 Added par. 3.4, 3.6, 3.8 and other small change.
05 30/11/09 33 Added information for GC500. Amended information for
DST4601/PX.
Added par. 3.9
06 17/12/06 33 Changed description of P.801
07 24/09/10 33 Added modification for GC500’s new function added from SW
version 1.09
08 08/04/2011 Changes in the structure document

09 02/10/2013 Changes in the structure document

ii Parallel Functions Handbook

1. Introduction .............................................................................................................. 7
1.1 Foreword .............................................................................................................. 7
1.2 Required knowledge ............................................................................................. 7
1.3 Definitions ............................................................................................................. 7
1.4 Symbols and remarks ........................................................................................... 7
1.4.1 Acronyms ....................................................................................................... 7
1.5 Product codes ....................................................................................................... 9
1.5.1 DST4601/PX .................................................................................................. 9
[Link] Product codes ........................................................................................ 9
[Link] Option codes .......................................................................................... 9
1.5.2 GC500 ............................................................................................................ 9
[Link] Product codes ........................................................................................ 9
2. PMCB ...................................................................................................................... 10
2.1 Introduction ......................................................................................................... 10
2.2 ESU .................................................................................................................... 10
2.3 System configuration .......................................................................................... 10
2.3.1 Address assignment ..................................................................................... 10
2.3.2 Priority .......................................................................................................... 11
2.3.3 Load Management ....................................................................................... 11
2.4 Hardware configuration....................................................................................... 12
2.5 Display of PMCB information .............................................................................. 12
3. Parameters for parallel and load function ........................................................... 13
3.1 General (8.1) ...................................................................................................... 13
3.1.1 P.800 PMCB Enable .................................................................................... 13
3.1.2 P.801 Nominal Maximum Deliverable kW .................................................... 13
3.1.3 P.802 Plant Type .......................................................................................... 14
3.1.4 P.803 Number of genset over PMCB bus..................................................... 14
3.1.5 P.804 Allow IG closure with wrong number of generator over PMCB bus .... 15
3.1.6 P.805 Action when there is another genset with “GCB not open” ................. 15
3.2 Load Function (8.2)............................................................................................. 15
3.2.1 P.821 Load Function Enable ....................................................................... 15
3.2.2 P.822 Load Function Mode .......................................................................... 15
3.2.3 P.823 MASTER Genset Address ................................................................ 16
3.2.4 P.824 MASTER Genset Change Time ......................................................... 16
3.2.5 P.825 MASTER Genset Batch Hours (3, 4, 6).............................................. 16
3.2.6 P.826 Activation Load Threshold (%) ........................................................... 16
3.2.7 P.827 Activation Load Delay ........................................................................ 16
3.2.8 P.828 Deactivation Load Threshold (%) ....................................................... 16
3.2.9 P.829 Deactivation Load Delay .................................................................... 17
3.2.10 P.830 Initial Observation Delay ............................................................... 17
3.3 Speed Control (8.3) ............................................................................................ 17
3.3.1 P.831 Speed Regulator Type ....................................................................... 17
3.3.2 P.832 External Synchronizer input ............................................................... 17
3.3.3 P.833 External Synchronizer input (for reverse synchronization) ................. 18
3.3.4 P.834 Input for External Load Sharing Unit .................................................. 18
3.3.5 P.835 Input Voltage for Minimum Engine Speed (regulation) ....................... 19
3.3.6 P.836 Input Voltage for Maximum Engine Speed (regulation) ...................... 19
3.3.7 P.837 Speed Reference Input ...................................................................... 19

Parallel Functions Handbook iii

 3.3.8 P.838 Input Voltage for Minimum Engine Speed .......................................... 19
3.3.9 P.839 Input Voltage for Maximum Engine Speed ......................................... 19
3.3.10 P.840 Speed reference ........................................................................... 19
3.3.11 P.841 Voltage match window .................................................................. 20
3.3.12 P.842 Phase match window .................................................................... 20
3.3.13 P.843 Frequency match window ............................................................. 20
3.3.14 P.844 Breaker dwell time ........................................................................ 20
3.3.15 P.845 Synchronization offset compensation ........................................... 20
3.3.16 P.849 Gain for phase control loop ........................................................... 20
3.3.17 P.850 Integral factor for phase control loop ............................................ 20
3.3.18 P.851 Derivative factor for phase control loop ........................................ 20
3.3.19 P.852 Synchronization Maximum Time (GCB) ........................................ 21
3.3.20 P.852 Reverse Synchronization Maximum Time (MCB) ......................... 21
3.3.21 P.854 GCB mode .................................................................................... 21
3.3.22 P.855 MCB mode .................................................................................... 21
3.3.23 P.856 Minimum command value for speed regulator .............................. 21
3.3.24 P.857 Maximum command value for speed regulator ............................. 21
3.4 Voltage regulation ............................................................................................... 22
3.4.1 P.861 Voltage regulation type ...................................................................... 22
3.4.2 P.862 Minimum voltage regulator value ....................................................... 22
3.4.3 P.863 Maximum voltage regulator value ...................................................... 22
3.4.4 P.864 Voltage reference input ...................................................................... 22
3.4.5 P.865 Input Voltage for Minimum generator voltage .................................... 23
3.4.6 P.866 Input Voltage for Maximum generator voltage ................................... 23
3.4.7 P.867 Voltage reference ............................................................................... 23
3.4.8 P.868 Gain for Voltage control loop .............................................................. 23
3.4.9 P.869 Integral factor for voltage control loop ................................................ 23
3.5 Active Power Regulation (kW Control 8.5).......................................................... 23
3.5.1 P.871 Gain for Active Power Control Loop ................................................... 23
3.5.2 P.872 Integral Factor for Active Power Control Loop ................................... 23
3.5.3 P.874 Load and Unload Ramp ..................................................................... 24
3.5.4 P.875 Fast Unload Ramp ............................................................................. 24
3.5.5 P.876 Regulation Ramp ............................................................................... 24
3.5.6 P.877 Dead Band for load sharing ............................................................... 24
3.5.7 P.878 End Power for Unload Ramp ............................................................. 25
3.5.8 P.879 Timeout for Unload Ramp .................................................................. 25
3.5.9 P.880 Parallel to Mains Function .................................................................. 25
3.5.10 P.881 Base Load Reference Input .......................................................... 25
3.5.11 P.882 Base Load Power at Minimum Input Voltage ................................ 26
3.5.12 P.883 Base Load Power at Maximum Input Voltage ............................... 26
3.5.13 P.884 Base Load Power Reference ........................................................ 26
3.5.14 P.885 Import/Export Reference Input ...................................................... 26
3.5.15 P.886 Import/Export Power at Minimum Input Voltage ........................... 26
3.5.16 P.887 Import/Export Power at Maximum Input Voltage .......................... 26
3.5.17 P.888 Power Reference for Import/Export .............................................. 27
3.5.18 P.889 Large Dead Band.......................................................................... 27
3.5.19 P.898 Dead Band for power regulation ................................................... 27
3.6 Reactive power and D.P.F. regulation ................................................................ 27
3.6.1 P.811 Gain for Reactive Power Control Loop ............................................... 27
3.6.2 P.812 Integral Factor for Reactive Power Control Loop ............................... 27
3.6.3 P.814 Dead Band for reactive power control loop (sharing) ......................... 27

iv Parallel Functions Handbook

 3.6.4 P.891 Cosfi regulation reference input ......................................................... 28
3.6.5 P.892 Cosfi related to minimum input voltage .............................................. 28
3.6.6 P.893 Cosfi related to maximum input voltage ............................................. 28
3.6.7 P.894 Cosfi regulation reference .................................................................. 28
3.6.8 P.895 Gain for cosfi Control Loop ................................................................ 29
3.6.9 P.896 Integral Factor for cosfi Control Loop ................................................. 29
3.7 Loss of Mains (8.7) ............................................................................................. 29
3.7.1 P.899 Maximum Mains Failure Time Before Engine Shutdown in SPtM and
MPtM 29
3.7.2 P.900 Interface Breaker................................................................................ 29
3.7.3 P.901 “Mains failure” status hold time .......................................................... 29
3.7.4 P911 Voltage hysteresis for “mains failure” protections ............................... 29
3.7.5 P.912 Low voltage threshold (27 protection) ................................................ 30
3.7.6 P.913 Low voltage delay (27 protection) ...................................................... 30
3.7.7 P.914 High voltage threshold (59 protection) ............................................... 30
3.7.8 P.915 High voltage delay (59 protection)...................................................... 30
3.7.9 P.921 Frequency hysteresis for “mains failure” protections .......................... 30
3.7.10 P.922 Low frequency threshold (81< protection)..................................... 30
3.7.11 P.923 Low frequency delay (81< protection) ........................................... 30
3.7.12 P.924 High frequency threshold (81> protection) .................................... 30
3.7.13 P.925 High voltage delay (81> protection) .............................................. 31
3.7.14 P.931 df/dt direction (81R protection or ROCOF) ................................... 31
3.7.15 P.932 df/dt threshold (81R protection or ROCOF) .................................. 31
3.7.16 P.933 df/dt threshold delay (81R protection or ROCOF) ......................... 31
3.7.17 P.941 Vector Jump protection direction .................................................. 31
3.7.18 P.942 Vector Jump threshold .................................................................. 31
3.8 DICHRON (8.8) .................................................................................................. 32
3.8.1 P.960 Number of phases on busbar (DICHRON) ......................................... 32
3.8.2 P.961 BusBar nominal voltage (DICHRON) ................................................. 32
3.8.3 P.962 BusBar TV primary voltage (DICHRON) ............................................ 32
3.8.4 P.963 BusBar TV secondary voltage (DICHRON) ........................................ 32
3.8.5 P.964 Generator nominal voltage (DICHRON) ............................................. 32
3.8.6 P.965 Generator TV primary voltage (DICHRON) ........................................ 32
3.8.7 P.966 Generator TV secondary voltage (DICHRON) ................................... 32
3.9 DROOP (8.9) ...................................................................................................... 32
3.9.1 P.971 DROOP reference input ..................................................................... 32
3.9.2 P.972 DROOP related to minimum input voltage ......................................... 33
3.9.3 P.973 DROOP related to maximum input voltage ........................................ 33
3.9.4 P.974 DROOP reference value .................................................................... 33
3.9.5 P.975 DROOP ratio ...................................................................................... 33
3.9.6 P.976 DROOP ramp ..................................................................................... 33
3.9.7 P.977 Gain for DROOP control loop ............................................................. 33
3.9.8 P.978 Integral factor for DROOP control loop .............................................. 33
4. Application note for parallel configuration.......................................................... 34
4.1 How to set PI parameters for the active power regulator. ................................... 34
4.1.1 Full method................................................................................................... 34
4.1.2 Simplified method ......................................................................................... 34
4.1.3 General remarks ........................................................................................... 34
4.2 PID parameters setting for phase synchronizer .................................................. 35
4.3 Other PI regulators ............................................................................................. 35

Parallel Functions Handbook v

 Parameters
P.106 …………………14 P.864 …………………25 P.960 …………………36
P.222 ………………….28 P.865 …………………25 P.961 …………………36
P.452…………………..11 P.866 …………………25 P.962 …………………36
P.800..…………....10; 14 P.867……………...25; 26 P.963 …………………36
P.801...12; 14; 26; 27; 30 P.868 …………………26 P.964 …………………36
P.802……………...15; 28 P.869 …………………26 P.965 …………………37
P.803……………...15; 16 P.871……………...26; 39 P.966 …………………37
P.804…………………..15 P.872 26; 39; 40 P.971 …………………37
P.805…………………..16 P.874 …………………26 P.972 …………………37
P.811…………………..31 P.875 …………………27 P.973 …………………37
P.812…………………..31 P.876……………...27; 30 P.974 …………………38
P.814…………………..31 P.877……………...27; 30 P.975 …………………38
P.821……………...12; 16 P.878……………...26; 27 P.976 …………………38
P.822……………...11; 16 P.879 …………………27 P.977 …………………38
P.823…………………..16 P.880 …………………28 P.978 …………………38
P.824…………………..17 P.881……………...28; 29
P.825……………...12; 17 P.882 …………………28
P.826……………...12; 17 P.883 …………………29
P.827……………...12; 17 P.884……………...28; 29
P.828……………...12; 18 P.885 …………………29
P.829……………...12; 18 P.886 …………………29
P.830 …………………18 P.887 …………………30
P.831……………...18; 22 P.888 …………………30
P.832……………...18; 20 P.889 …………………30
P.833……………...19; 20 P.891……………...31; 32
P.834 …………………20 P.892 …………………32
P.835 …………………20 P.893 …………………32
P.836 …………………20 P.894 …………………32
P.837 …………………21 P.895 …………………32
P.838 …………………21 P.896 …………………32
P.839 …………………21 P.898 …………………30
P.840 …………………21 P.899 …………………33
P.841 …………………22 P.900 …………………33
P.842 …………………22 P.901 …………………33
P.843 …………………22 P.911 …………………33
P.844 …………………22 P.912 …………………33
P.845 …………………22 P.913 …………………34
P.849……………...23; 40 P.914 …………………34
P.850……………...23; 40 P.915 …………………34
P.851……………...23; 40 P.922 …………………34
P.852 …………………23 P.923 …………………34
P.854 …………………23 P.924 …………………35
P.855 …………………23 P.925 …………………35
P.856 …………………24 P.931 …………………35
P.857 …………………24 P.932 …………………35
P.861 …………………24 P.933 …………………35
P.862 …………………24 P.941 …………………36
P.863 …………………24 P.942 …………………36

vi Parallel Functions Handbook

1. Introduction

This document give an insight and explanations of the programming of the parallel functions of SICES
controllers.

At the present time, two type of controllers for parallel applications are available from SICES:
DST4601/PX and GC500.

DST4601/PX controller, used alongside its expansion module DICHRON, allows to implement any
kind of parallel (and not) applications.

GC500 can offer the benefit of lower cost in parallel applications where the control of MAINS
changeover or circuit breaker is demanded to an external control system.

Modifying few parameters, it is possible to adapt the controller to different plant configuration and
achieving the best circuit optimization. Up to 5 PI regulator for are embedded in the controller in
addition to the SICES’s PMCBus (Power Management Communication Bus) that allows load sharing
and system management.

For proper use of this document it is required knowledge in using and commissioning gen-sets for
parallel application.

It is also required knowledge of the basic controller functions that are explained in the Operator
manual of the controller. More technical explanation about the device can be found in its related
Technical Handbook.

All these documents and the Parameters Tables of the controller should be considered as a part of
this handbook

Throughout this document the word BLOCK is used to indicate an alarm that makes generation
function impossible and causes immediate generator shutdown.

The words DISABLE and DEACTIVATION is used to indicate an alarm that makes generation
function impossible and causes the automatic generator shutdown after a proper cooling down cycle.

The word “UNLOAD” is used to indicate an alarm that requires the gen-set DEACTIVATION through
fast soft unloading. Used only in parallel application.

The word WARNING is used to indicate a warning that requires an operator action but doesn’t require
the automatic generator shutdown.

In this document a vertical bar on the right margin or a gray background indicates that the chapter or
the paragraph has been amended respect to the previous document’s version.

ADPs Actual Delivered Power by a single generator

ADPsn ADPs forecast without the least priority GCU

ADPt Total Delivered Power

ADPtn ADPt forecast without the least priority GCU

Parallel Functions Handbook 7

 ALT Activation Load Ratio Threshold

BPRs Bus Power Ratio for a single generator: ratio between ADPs and ADPt

BPRsn BPRs without the least priority GCU

DLT De-Activation Load Ratio: DPRt threshold for gen-set deactivation

DPRs Delivered Power Ratio of a single generator: ratio between ADPs and MDPs

DPRsn DPRs forecast without the least priority GCU

DPRt Total Delivered Power Ratio: Ratio between ADPt and MDPt

ESU Event Synchronizer Unit

GCU Generator Control Unit

MDPs Maximum Deliverable Power by a single generator

MDPt Total Maximum Deliverable Power: sum of MDPs of all generator working in parallel
in that moment.

MPM Multiple Prime Mover

MPtM Multiple Parallel to Mains

MSB Multiple Stand-by

MSTP Multiple Short Time Parallel (for direct and/or reverse synchronizing to the mains
followed from parallel disconnection)

PMCB Power Management Communication Bus

RDP Reactive delivered power

SSB Single Stand-By

SSB+SPtM Single Stand By + Single Parallel to Mains

SSB+SSTP Single Stand By + Single Short Time Parallel

SSTP Single Short Time Parallel (for direct and/or reverse synchronizing to the mains
followed from parallel disconnection). A SSTP system can, if properly equipped, can
be configured to work in parallel to the mains in specific operation condition such as
TEST on LOAD mode
SPtM Single Parallel to Mains
TDP Total deliverable power: sum of MDPs of all generator connected over the PMCBus

8 Parallel Functions Handbook

DST4601/PX can be equipped with options; some of those must be installed in order to let the
controller accomplishes particular functions. For parallel functions, at least one among options
1300, 1700, 1800 and 1900 is required.

Usually, option 1600 is installed whenever option 1300 or 1700 are installed.

Some DST4601 options are still available for DST4601/PX.

In the following option codes, the two last characters to the right (yy) is the revision code and could
be in future changed.

E61020290xxyy DST4601/PX (no longer in production)

E61020291xxyy DST4601/PX ver. B

E61021051xxyy DICHRON module (required depending on the application)

(xxyy are version and revision identifiers)

[1] E6202027101yy – TV 100V Generator Input

[2] E6202027102yy – TV 100V Mains Input

[3] E6202027113yy – Dual CAN interface plus additional RS232 Option

[4] E6202029002yy – 0..5V/0..10V analogue inputs

[5] E6202027117yy – Dual CAN interface plus additional RS485 Option

[6] E6202027118yy – Single CAN interface (PMCB) plus analogue engine control and additional
RS232 option.

[7] E6202027119yy – Single CAN interface (PMCB) plus analogue engine control and additional
RS485 option.

[8] E6202029000yy – Toroid option on terminal JZ

[9] E6202029001yy – 0..10V analogue input on terminal JF-35 (otherwise used as Fuel-Level)

If GC500 is used to control a generator equipped with an electronic engine, interfaced by CAN, and
no voltage regulation is required, no options or additional equipment are required.

Otherwise the PWM/Current loop converter interface is required.

E61021201yyxx GC500

E6102117100yy Dual PWM to Current-loop converter/insulator (optional)

Parallel Functions Handbook 9

 2. PMCB
In order to use PMCBus it is required that it is properly connected on the proper CAN interface
(connector JR for DST4601/PX and JQ for GC500). Moreover the CAN interface must be enabled
by means parameter P.800 PMCB ENABLE. If PMCB is not enabled all the PMCB functions, included
LOAD SHARING, can’t be used.

It is possible, by means a dedicated CAN interface, to setup a PMCB network that allows exchange
the required information to control a parallel system. Usually this network is used in MPM or MPtM
systems but also SPtM applications can benefit of this feature. Companion additional module
DICHRON for DST4601/PX is connected over this network.

PMCB (Power Management Communication Bus) is used to exchange information, measure, status
and command between all the control devices (GCU) of the network. Mainly, these data are used to
implement functions related to load sharing and management.

A list of implemented functions is the following:

 Gen-set activation and deactivation based on load status (LOAD FUNCTION or
MANAGEMENT)
 Priority management
 Load sharing
 Generator synchronization (DST4601/PX)
 Reactive sharing or power factor regulation

Other auxiliary functions are accomplished:

 Date and time synchronization
 PMCB Parameter synchronization

Usually, the last two functions are carried out by the GCU that have the lower address, called ESU
(Event Synchronizer Unit).

GCU having the lower address on the network, becomes automatically ESU. If this GCU is
disconnected from the network, the task is assigned to the next following lower address GCU. For
this function no configuration or programming is required.

To the ESU is assigned the management of the information that are to propagate to all units: date
and time, some PMCB parameters and status.

Once the system is connected, the related parameters must configured accordingly.

GCUs use for PMCBus the same address set for serial communication; thus to set this parameter
select menu 4 AUX. FUNCTIONS, then submenu 4.4 SERIAL COMMUNIC. and select parameter
P.452.

Be sure that all GCU have different address. Valid addresses are in the range from 1 to 16.

DST4601/PX, using the external module CANBRIDGE are allowed to use addresses up to 24.

This is the first parameter to be set for PMCBus. It’ll be better to set it before connect the devices.

10 Parallel Functions Handbook

Address is used, beside for source and destination identification, for two other functions:

 to Identify gen-set and his GCU

 to assign priority

For the first reason duplicated addresses are not allowed on a network. In case a duplicate address
is detected, a W.201 warning is issued.

As highlighted before, the same address is used also for serial communication over RS232/RS485
line (MODBUS RTU).

It is suggested to externally identify the gen-set using the same number assigned as GCU address.

If DST4601/PX is connected to DICHRON module, assign to this module the GCU address added
by 31.

In priority mode 1, 2 and 3, a priority is given to a gen-set that becomes MASTER; priority of other
generator decreases as the own GCU address increases. If MASTER address isn’t the lower
address, GCU having lower address than the MASTER GCU have lower priority than the GCU with
higher address.

For example, if a network is setup by GCUs having address 1, 2, 3, 5 and 8, assigning higher priority
to GCU 3, that becomes MASTER, yield this priority order 3, 5, 8, 1 and 2.

Priority management depends on the mode selected by parameter P.822, LOAD FUNCTION MODE.
At the moment three different modes are implemented:
1. MANUAL
2. ROTATION ON TIME
3. ROTATION AFTER ELAPSED TIME

The first mode allows to manually select the MASTER GCU, the second one requires to set a time
of the day at which occurrence the MASTER is automatically changed: the new MASTER will be the
GCU having the next lower priority value.

Similarly, the third mode allows to automatically change the master after the time programmed in
parameter P.825 is elapsed.

P.822 is automatically propagated to the other units once PMCB is connected and active.

It is required to set on each GCU the following parameters:

 Maximum deliverable power (MDPs) by means of parameter P.801, you can set it
accordingly to the maximum nominal power of the gen-set or as you need.

 Set the activation and deactivation delay (P.827 and P.829)

 Enable the LOAD FUNCTION by parameter P.821

The other PMCB parameters can be set once on any board: they are automatically propagated to
the other boards (if PMCB is connected and active).

Set then activation threshold (ALT, P.826) and deactivation threshold (DLT, P.828). Set ALT as the
load percentage at which it is wanted that another generator will be inserted in parallel.

For all the generator is evaluated the load percentage (DPRs). Nominally it should be equal among
all the generator, but some differences could be found due to tolerances. Then the greater DPRs is
compared to ALT in order to decide if start the genset. On the other side, the lowest value is used
for the deactivation. In this case it is not the actual DPRs that is used, but the values that the gen-
set will reach if the lower priority generator will be disconnected from the load (DPRsn).

Parallel Functions Handbook 11

 Actually all generators have to have DPRsn < DLT in order to stop the least priority one.

Select a DLT slightly smaller than ALT: nominally their value could be equal but in order to avoid
repetition of START/STOP sequences due to small load change set them different.

If ALT, for example, is 70%, you can set DLT to 65% (or other value depending on the load
fluctuation).

Bus length should be no more than 125 m. A cable for CAN application should be used. It should
consist in a twisted pair (better shielded) having 120 ohm of impedence. For connection greater
than few meters, use twisted pair with cross section of at least 0.5 mm 2.

A terminating resistor of 120 ohm 0.5W must be connected on the first and last device of the
network. DST4601/PX, DICHRON and GC500 include such terminating resistor that can be
inserted/escluded by means a slide switch located near the CAN connector.

If intermediate connection should be made, do not use standard screw terminals; use only
terminals or connectors having gold plated contact.

Controller CAN interface is insulated from device supply. Old DST4601/PX controller required an
external insulated power supply: two terminals are available for the purpose. Now all the devices to
be connected on PMCBUS have embedded insulated supply. Thus never connect terminal 1 and
5 of PMCB CAN connector (use only terminal 2 and 4 for the data cable). CONNECTING
TERMINALS 1 AND 5 CAN LEAD TO INTERFACE DAMAGE.

Do not connect the generator in a star topology. They have to be connected in cascade (the first to
the second, the second to the third and so on). If required, stub connections of about 1m are
allowed.

DST4601/PX and GC500 have a display mode ([Link]) dedicated to supply information regarding
some PMCB data. It is mainly used for MPM and MPtM applications (actually in GC500 this mode
is used also for other parallel screens).

The display pages of DST4601/PX are the followings (the second screen is available only if LOAD
MANAGEMENT is enabled):

B.01 PMCB MODE 03/04/06

18:23

Device on bus: 1,2,4

Load function mode: 1

Master genset: 02

Prority order: 2,4,1

The shown data are referred to a system having three generator in parallel (1, 2 and 4)
AUTO |Full load/power regulation
-

12 Parallel Functions Handbook

 Please see par. 1.4.1 for acronym explanation.

A third page, showing a list of all generator and their related active and reactive power, can be
accessed from page B.03 using the right arrow button (page B.03).

B.02 PMCB MEASURES 03/04/06 18:23

ADPs: 100.00 ADPsn: 150.00
DPRs: 66.66 DPRsn: 100.00
BPRs: 33.33 BPRsn: 50.00
ADPt: 300.00 ADPtn: 200.00
DPRt: 66.66 MDPt: 450.00
Total system energy counters:
kwh: 3128 kvarh: 462
AUTO |Full load/power regulation
-
GC500 has similar pages but with different page numbers.

3. Parameters for parallel and load function

Menu 8 PARALLEL OPERATION consists of some submenus. The parameters related to parallel
and load function are gathered in these submenus.

For an updated parameter list and for their values (maximum, minimum, default and assigned
function) please refer to the Parameter Table of the controller.

The parameter has two values:

 0- Bus disabled

 1- Bus enabled

 2- Bus enabled (extended)

If the bus is not used and connected, disable it in order to avoid warning signal.

The extended configuration allows to obtain at fast rate data related to the genset status and
measurement. It should be enabled only if a CAN-BRIDGE device is used to separate the internal
bus from the other system.

Maximum deliverable power (MDP).

This value is used only for PMCBus and parallel functions. It can differ from P.106 (Nominal generator
power) but usually they can refer to the same power.

P.106, expressed in kVA, is used for parameter configuration related to gen-set protections. P.801,
expressed in kW, is used for LOAD MANAGEMENT, LOAD SHARING and POWER REGULATION.

Parallel Functions Handbook 13

 P.801 is also used as reference to obtain the ALT and DLT values.

This parameter is not available for GC500 controller: nominal maximum deliverable power
must be set by means P.125 located in menu 1 system.

The parameter allows to select the plant type.

Controllers support (GC500 only from SW 1.09)the followings plant:

0. SPM (Single Prime Mover)
1. SSB (Single Stand-By)
2. SSB + SSTP (Single Stand By + Single Short Time Parallel)
3. SPtM (Single Parallel to Mains)
4. SPtM+SSB (Single Parallel to Mains + Single Stand-By)
5. MPM (Multiple Prime Mover)
6. MSB (Multiple Stand By)
7. MSB+MSTP (MultipleStand By + Multiple Short Time Parallel)
8. MPTM (Multiple Parallel To Mains)
9. MPTM+MSB (Multiple Parallel To Mains + Multiple Stand-By)

GC500, before SW version 1.09, supports the followings plant:

5. MPM (Multiple Prime Mover)
6. MSB (Multiple Stand By)
7. MSB+MSTP (MultipleStand By + Multiple Short Time Parallel)
8. MPTM (Multiple Parallel To Mains)
9. MPTM+MSB (Multiple Parallel To Mains + Multiple Stand By)

The parameter must be set in accord to the plant type. A wrong setting of this parameter can cause
damage.

It is required the special SICES password in order to change this parameter; please refer to the
technical handbook.

This parameter specify how many generator are connected over PMCB bus.

This value is used to verify that all generators on the bus are connected and operating. In case of
the number of detected generator on the bus is different from the programmed value a warning is
issued and, depending on parameter P.804, the GCB (IG) closure is disabled.

If the value is set to 0, no check is made about the number of generator. In this case is customer
responsibility to verify if the connection cable is disconnected from any generator.

Up to 16 generator can be connected over the bus and up to 24 using CAN-BRIDGE interfaces for
each generator.

14 Parallel Functions Handbook

The following values can be programmed
 0- No
 1- Yes

In case P.803 is programmed with a value different from 0, programming this parameter to 1, allows
the generator to close the circuit breaker even if the “wrong number of generator” is detected over
the bus.

If it is detected the presence of a generator that has a GCB not open (that means that GCB doesn’t
open, generally for a fault), closing (or keeping closed) the own GCB can result in a serious damage.

This condition can be prevented by means this parameter.

 0 - GCB is opened at once
 1 - GCB is not closed, but if closed it is retained closed
 2 - No action is taken

Parameter has two values

 0 – Function enabled

 1 – Function disabled

Set it to 1 in case it is required the load management function.

If the function is disabled, the generator will function without regarding of the load status.

The parameter select the mode used to manage the priority. It is possible to select one of the
following mode:
 1 – MANUAL
 2 – ROTATION ON TIME
 3 – ROTATION ON ELAPSED TIME

The first one allows to manually select the MASTER gen-set; the second one automatically change
the MASTER at the specified time occurrence: higher priority is given to next highest priority
generator. The third will change the master after the time set by P.825 is elapsed.

Any change to this parameter is automatically propagated to the other GCUs connected on the
network.

Parallel Functions Handbook 15

 This parameter identifies the GCU MASTER of the system.

Value can automatically change if an automatic LOAD FUNCTION MODE is selected (for example
ROTATION ON TIME).

Any change to this parameter is automatically propagated to the other GCUs connected on the
network.

It allows to select the time of the day at which the MASTER is automatically changed.

It is used only if an automatic LOAD FUNCTION MODE is selected (for example ROTATION ON
TIME).

Value to input is in hh:mm format (h=hour, m=minute). Keeping pressed the SHIFT key, while
pressing UP or DOWN arrow, allows to increase the parameter by 10 minute steps, speeding the
time setting.

Any change to this parameter is automatically propagated to the other GCUs connected on the
network.

P.825 defines the working hours that have to elapse before a MASTER change is made. It is used
only in mode 3, 4 or 6 of LOAD FUNCTION MODE (mode 4 and 6 are not yet available).

Any change to this parameter is automatically propagated to the other GCUs connected on the
network.

This is the ALT value and is the relative bus power at which the higher priority GCU have to start the
gen-set.

For all loaded gen-set the ratio (DPRs) between the delivered power ADPs and the maximum
delivered power MDPs is continuously evaluated; if at least one DPRs remains higher than this
parameter for the time set by P.827, the higher priority gen-set will be started.

Any change to this parameter is automatically propagated to the other GCUs connected on the
network.

P.827 allows to set the delay time for the higher priority gen-set activation. At least one DPRs have
to remain greater than ALT for this time in order to activate the next generator.

Deactivation Load Threshold (DLT) is the percentage bus power ratio at which the least priority GCU,
among those in Load Function running mode, has to stop the gen-set.

For each GCU, it is evaluated the Delivered Power Ratio without the least priority genset (DPRsn),
if all DPRSn remain smaller than DLT (P.828) for at least P.829 time, a gen-set has to stop.

P.828 should be set to a value smaller than the P.826 value. A small difference between the two
value is required to avoid STOP-START repetitions due to load fluctuations. Do not use difference
greater than few percents between ALT and DLT. For example a correct selection can be ALT value
of 70% and DLT value 65%.

Any change to this parameter is propagated to all the other GCUs on the network.

16 Parallel Functions Handbook

P.829 allows to select the deactivation delay time. DPRsn has to remain smaller than DLT (P.828)
for at least P.829 time.

When a genset is started, the Load Function is disabled for P.830 seconds after the generator is
closed in parallel.

To be used only when the engine speed is set by analog output (DST4601/PX requires Engine
Analogue Control option E620202711800 or E620202711900. GC500 requires PWM/Current loop
converter).

The parameter has two values that identify the behavior of the analogue engine speed regulator
related to voltage command.
 0 – Normal Regulation (speed increases as voltage increases)
 1 – Inverse Regulation (speed increases as voltage decreases)

To be used only in application that requires an external third parts synchronizer.

The parameter identifies the input terminal at which is connected the speed output of the
synchronizer.

Possible values for DST4601/PX are the followings:

 0 – None (no external synchronizer is used)
 1 – Terminal JF-33 (Input 0..5V)
 2 – Terminal JF-34 (Input 0..10V)
 3 – Terminal JF-35 (Input 0..10V)
 4 - Terminal JQ-06 (Input 0..10V)
 5 – Terminal JQ-07 (Input 0..5V)

Before set this parameter, check that the selected DST4601/PX input is properly configured. These
inputs have different programmable functions or are available only if some options are installed.

For GC500:
 0 – None (special meaning depending on the parameters)
 4 - Terminal JW-03 (Input 0..10V)
 5 – Terminal JW-01 (Input 0..10V)

If set to 0, the synchronization will be made by the controller itself.

Parallel Functions Handbook 17

 To be used only in application that requires an external third parts synchronizer.

The parameter identifies the input terminal at which is connected the speed output of the
synchronizer for reverse synchronization.

Possible values for DST4601/PX are the followings:

 0 – None (no external synchronizer is used)

 1 – Terminal JF-33 (Input 0..5V)

 2 – Terminal JF-34 (Input 0..10V)

 3 – Terminal JF-35 (Input 0..10V)

 4 - Terminal JQ-06 (Input 0..10V)

 5 – Terminal JQ-07 (Input 0..5V)

Before set this parameter, check that the selected DST4601/PX input is properly configured. These
inputs have different programmable functions or are available only if some options are installed.

For GC500:
 0 – None (special meaning depending on the parameters)
 4 - Terminal JW-03 (Input 0..10V)
 5 – Terminal JW-01 (Input 0..10V)

If set to 0, the synchronization will be made by the controller itself.

To be used only for application that requires an external third parts load sharing or power modulator
unit.

The parameter identify the input terminal at which is connected the speed regulator output of an
external load sharing or power modulator unit.

Possible values for DST4601/PX are the followings:

 0 – None (no external load sharing unit is used)
 1 – Terminal JF-33 (Input 0..5V)
 2 – Terminal JF-34 (Input 0..10V)
 3 – Terminal JF-35 (Input 0..10V)
 4 - Terminal JQ-06 (Input 0..10V)
 5 – Terminal JQ-07 (Input 0..5V)

Before set this parameter, check that the selected DST4601/PX input is properly configured. These
inputs has different programmable functions or are available only if some options are installed.

For GC500:
 0 – None (special meaning depending on the parameters)
 4 - Terminal JW-03 (Input 0..10V)
 5 – Terminal JW-01 (Input 0..10V)

If set to 0, the internal power regulation system will be activated.

18 Parallel Functions Handbook

It defines, for all the selected regulation analogue inputs, the voltage value for the engine minimum
speed (see par. 3.3.10). It is used for inputs defined by means parameters P.832, P.833, P.834.

It defines, for all the selected regulation analogue inputs, the voltage value for the engine maximum
speed (see par. 3.3.10). It is used for inputs defined by means parameters P.832, P.833, P.834.

It identifies the input terminal at which an external speed reference signal is connected (for example
a potentiometer).
Possible values for DST4601/PX are the followings:
 0 – None (no external speed reference is used)
 1 – Terminal JF-33 (Input 0..5V)
 2 – Terminal JF-34 (Input 0..10V)
 3 – Terminal JF-35 (Input 0..10V)
 4 - Terminal JQ-06 (Input 0..10V)
 5 – Terminal JQ-07 (Input 0..5V)
 6 – Terminals JI of DICHRON (Input 0..10V)
Before set this parameter, check that the selected DST4601/PX input is properly configured. These
inputs have different programmable functions or are available only if some options are installed.
For GC500:
 0 – None (special meaning depending on the parameters)
 4 - Terminal JW-03 (Input 0..10V)
 5 – Terminal JW-01 (Input 0..10V)

If set to 0, the controller uses parameter P.838 as speed reference.

It defines, for all the selected regulation analogue inputs, the voltage value for the engine minimum
speed (see par. 3.3.10). It is used for inputs defined by means parameters P.837.

It defines, for all the selected regulation analogue inputs, the voltage value for the engine maximum
speed (see par. 3.3.10). It is used for inputs defined by means parameters P.837.

It defines the speed correction amount at no load (before synchronization) or at not load.

It is the percentage value related to the difference between the maximum and the minimum speed.
Usually with a value of 50% no correction to the nominal speed is made.

Actual achievable speed correction depends on the engine type and the speed regulator, with the
following rules:

CAN engine interface with speed command in rpm: 0% command a -120rpm correction, 100%
command +120rpm correction.

Parallel Functions Handbook 19

 1. CAN engine interface with speed command in percentage: the actual speed
correction depends on engine settings. Suggested settings are value between
±80rpm e ±130rpm.
2. Speed regulator with analogue correction input: 0% drive the minimum correction
voltage (or the maximum depending on P.831 value), 100% drive the maximum
voltage (or the minimum).
3. The value of this parameter can be changed also from screens M.04 and M.05 for
DST4601/PX and B.01 and B.02 for GC500 (the availability of the function depends
on the operating mode).

It is the maximum allowable absolute difference between the percentage of generator voltage related
to its nominal and the BUS voltage related to its nominal for breaker closure enable. If the difference
is greater than the set value, the breaker closure is not enabled.
In DST4601/PX, this parameter can be used only if the DICHRON module is connected.

It is the maximum allowable absolute difference between the generator and the BUS voltage phase
for breaker closure enable. If the difference is greater than the set value, the breaker closure is not
enabled.
In DST4601/PX, this parameter can be used only if the DICHRON module is connected.

It is the maximum allowable absolute difference between the generator and the BUS voltage
frequency (slip frequency) for breaker closure enable. If the difference is greater than the set value,
the breaker closure is not enabled.
In DST4601/PX, this parameter can be used only if the DICHRON module is connected.

The synchronizer values must remain inside limits defined by P.841, P.842 and P.844 for at least
this time in order to enable the Circuit Breaker closure.

In DST4601/PX, this parameter can be used only if the DICHRON module is connected.

Value used to compensate for phase offset between the Generator and the BUS voltage.

In DST4601/PX, this parameter can be used only if the DICHRON module is connected.

This is the P factor of the synchronizer phase PID regulator.

In DST4601/PX, this parameter can be used only if the DICHRON module is connected.

This is the I factor of the synchronizer phase PID regulator.

In DST4601/PX, this parameter can be used only if the DICHRON module is connected.

This is the D factor of the synchronizer phase PID regulator.

In DST4601/PX, this parameter can be used only if the DICHRON module is connected.

20 Parallel Functions Handbook

It is the maximum allowable time for GCB (generator) synchronization. If the time elapses before
GCB closure, the alarm A271 (Parallel failure) is issued.

It is the maximum allowable time for MCB (mains/bus) synchronization. If the time elapses before
MCB closure, the warning W272 (Reverse parallel failure) is issued.

If set to 0 the warning is disabled.

It allows to set the operation mode of the Generator Circuit Breaker.

0. Not synchronized
1. Synchronized

It is required the special SICES password in order to change this parameter; please refer to the
technical handbook.

It allows to set the operation mode of the Bus Circuit Breaker.

0. Not synchronized
1. Synchronized
2. Externally controlled

For GC500 controller set this parameter to 0 for plant types 5 or 6 (see P.802); set it to 2 for plant
types 7,8 or 9. Never set it to 1.

It is required the special SICES password in order to change this parameter; please refer to the
technical handbook.

This parameter allows to limit the low voltage output for the engine speed command. It is suitable for
systems that, under a speed command voltage threshold, have a non linear behaviour or issue
alarms.

It is a percentage value of the total voltage range and, depending on the speed governor, it limits the
minimum or the maximum speed.

Parameter has effect only if is installed the option engine control [6] or [7]

This parameter allows to limit the high voltage output for the engine speed command. It is suitable
for systems that, over a speed command voltage threshold, have a non linear behaviour or issue
alarms.

It is a percentage value of the total voltage range and, depending on the speed governor, it limits the
maximum or the minimum speed.

Parameter has effect only if is installed the option engine control [6] or [7].

Parallel Functions Handbook 21

 The parameter has two values that identify the behavior of the voltage regulator related to the
reference command.
 0 – Normal Regulation (voltage increases as reference increases)
 1 – Inverse Regulation (voltage increases as reference decreases)

DST4601/PX requires DICHRON module, GC500 requires external PWM/Current Loop

converter/insulator.

It is the minimum percentage value of the reference used for setting the generator output voltage.

DST4601/PX requires DICHRON module, GC500 requires external PWM/Current Loop

converter/insulator.

It is the maximum percentage value of the reference used for setting the generator output voltage.

DST4601/PX requires DICHRON module, GC500 requires external PWM/Current Loop

converter/insulator.

It identifies the input terminal at which an external generator voltage reference signal is connected
(for example a potentiometer).

Allowable values for DST4601/PX are the followings:

 0 – None (no external speed reference is used)
 1 – Terminal JF-33 (Input 0..5V)
 2 – Terminal JF-34 (Input 0..10V)
 3 – Terminal JF-35 (Input 0..10V)
 4 - Terminal JQ-06 (Input 0..10V)
 5 – Terminal JQ-07 (Input 0..5V)
 6 – Terminals JI of DICHRON (Input 0..10V)

Before set this parameter, check that the selected DST4601/PX input is properly configured. These
inputs have different programmable functions or are available only if some options are installed.

For GC500:
 0 – None (special meaning depending on the parameters)
 4 - Terminal JW-03 (Input 0..10V)
 5 – Terminal JW-01 (Input 0..10V)

If set to 0, controller uses parameter P.867 as voltage reference.

DST4601/PX requires DICHRON module, GC500 requires external PWM/Current Loop

converter/insulator.

22 Parallel Functions Handbook

It defines, for the selected regulation analogue input, the voltage value for the generator minimum
voltage output (see par. 3.4.4). It is used for inputs defined by means parameters P.864.

DST4601/PX requires DICHRON module, GC500 requires external PWM/Current Loop

converter/insulator.

It defines, for the selected regulation analogue input, the voltage value for the generator maximum
voltage output (see par. 3.4.4). It is used for inputs defined by means parameters P.864.

DST4601/PX requires DICHRON module, GC500 requires external PWM/Current Loop

converter/insulator.

This is a percentage value of the generator voltage adjustment reference. The voltage regulator of
the alternator should be adjusted to output the nominal voltage when this parameter is set to 50%.
Further small regulation can be also accomplished changing this value.

During voltage matching, reactive and cosfi regulation, a percentage value is algebraically added to
this in order to obtain the proper voltage output.

The parameter can be increased/decreased also from the screen M.04 (DST4601/PX) and B.01
(GC500).

DST4601/PX requires DICHRON module, GC500 requires external PWM/Current Loop

converter/insulator.

This is the value that the Proportional component of Voltage matching PI regulator uses in order to
carried out the regulation.

This value must be greater of zero in order to make the regulator working.

DST4601/PX requires DICHRON module, GC500 requires external PWM/Current Loop

converter/insulator.

This is the value that the Integrative component of Voltage matching PI regulator uses in order to
carried out the regulation.

This value must be greater of zero in order to make the regulator working.

DST4601/PX requires DICHRON module, GC500 requires external PWM/Current Loop

converter/insulator.

It is the P factor of the active power PI regulator.

It is the I factor of the active power PI regulator.

Parallel Functions Handbook 23

 The parameter allows to define the rate of power increase or decrease during loading and
unloading phases.

It is the percentage value, respect to the maximum allowable power P.801, of load change per
second.

The load ramp is active until the supplied power reach the power reference.

The unload ramp is active until the supplied power fall under the value set by P.878.

They are used only for generator connection and disconnection to/from the load.

It is used to define a fast unload rate to be used when the system status require it.

It is the percentage value, respect to the maximum allowable power P.801, of load change per
second.

The unload ramp is active until the supplied power fall under the value set by P.878.

It is used for generator disconnection from the parallel. It is usually activated by the anomalies that
require disabling with generator unload. It is also used when the disconnection is required manually
(MCB and GCB keys).

P.876 allows to set the maximum power increase/decrease rate when in power regulation.

It is the percentage value, respect to the maximum allowable power P.801, of load change per
second.

If set to 100% it is disabled, otherwise, once reached the reference power and terminated the load
ramp, it becomes active and remains active until the unload ramp is activated.

It can be only used in parallel to the mains application.

The purpose is to limit the speed of power regulation. It can been useful in “Import/Export”
application to avoid tracking fast power transient.

It is a percentage value respect to the maximum power (P.801) that delimits a range around the
power reference value inside which no power regulation is carried out.

In SW version previous than 00.22, for DST4601/PX, this function behavior and purpose was
available also for parallel to mains application; after that version it has no more effect.

When load sharing is used, Dead Band purpose is to force the regulator to recovery the nominal
speed accepting an error in regulated power. The Dead Band value should be set greater than the
error in power reference sharing. In this application, this parameter must have a value greater than
0. Default value should be sufficient for most application; maybe required to increase it in case of
large gen-set number.

A low Dead band value (o lack of it) could lead to a slow engine speed drift.

It is deactivated setting it to 0.

24 Parallel Functions Handbook

The percentage value respect to the maximum power (P801), set by means of this parameter, that
specify the power value at which is deactivated the unload ramp and the generator is disconnect
from the parallel.

P.879 allows to set a maximum duration time for the Unload Ramp after which the generator is
disconnected from the parallel even if the power is not fallen below P.878.

The following functions can be set:

 0 – None

 1 – Base Load

 2 – Import/Export

It defines the behavior of the system in parallel to Mains plant and its value should be consistent to
the set value for parameter P.802 (Plant Type).

If P.802 selects a SSB+SSTP plant (stand-by plus short time parallel), the parameter is used only to
specify how to manage the Load On Test function (P.222 set to 1). If P.880 is equal to 0, in Test
Mode the Load will be switched from the Mains to the gen-set, otherwise the gen-set will be
synchronized to the bus and the power will be regulated accordingly to the selected value.

It is required the special SICES password in order to change this parameter; please refer to the
technical handbook.

It identifies the input terminal at which is connected the reference signal of the power to be supplied
(for example a potentiometer).

Allowable values for DST4601/PX are the followings:

 0 – None (no external speed reference is used)
 1 – Terminal JF-33 (Input 0..5V)
 2 – Terminal JF-34 (Input 0..10V)
 3 – Terminal JF-35 (Input 0..10V)
 4 - Terminal JQ-06 (Input 0..10V)
 5 – Terminal JQ-07 (Input 0..5V)
 6 – Terminals JI of DICHRON (Input 0..10V)

Before set this parameter, check that the selected DST4601/PX input is properly configured. These
inputs has different programmable functions or are available only if some options are installed.

For GC500:
 0 – None (special meaning depending on the parameters)
 4 - Terminal JW-03 (Input 0..10V)
 5 – Terminal JW-01 (Input 0..10V)

If set to zero, controller uses parameter P.884 as power reference.

Parallel Functions Handbook 25

 P.882 defines the “Base Load” power when the reference input signal has the lowest voltage value.
The power value is expressed in kW.

P.883 defines the “Base Load” power when the reference input signal has the highest voltage value.
The power value is expressed in kW.

If P.881 is set to 0, the power reference value will be set by means of this parameter.
The power value is expressed in kW.

It identifies the input terminal at which is connected the reference signal of the exchanged power to
the Mains.

Allowable values for DST4601/PX are the followings:

 0 – None (no external speed reference is used)
 1 – Terminal JF-33 (Input 0..5V)
 2 – Terminal JF-34 (Input 0..10V)
 3 – Terminal JF-35 (Input 0..10V)
 4 - Terminal JQ-06 (Input 0..10V)
 5 – Terminal JQ-07 (Input 0..5V)
 6 – Terminals JI of DICHRON (Input 0..10V)
Before set this parameter, check that the selected DST4601/PX input is properly configured. These
inputs has different programmable functions or are available only if some options are installed.
In Import/Export application, value 0 can be set only if the TA of JZ terminal is used to measure the
current on one phase at the exchange point (this function is not yet available).
For GC500:
 0 – None (special meaning depending on the parameters)
 4 - Terminal JW-03 (Input 0..10V)
 5 – Terminal JW-01 (Input 0..10V)

P.886 defines which is the Imported/Exported power when the input signal has the lowest voltage
value.
Negative value means power exported to the Mains and positive value means imported power.
The power value is expressed in kW.

P.887 defines which is the Imported/Exported power when the input signal has the highest voltage
value.

Negative value means power exported to the Mains and positive value means imported power.

The power value is expressed in kW.

26 Parallel Functions Handbook

P.888 instructs the controller to regulate this value as Imported/Exported power.

Negative value means power exported to the Mains and positive value means imported power.

The power value is expressed in kW.

It is a percentage value respect to the maximum power (P.801) that delimits a range around the
power reference value inside which no power regulation is carried out. This value is greater than the
one defined by P.877. Moreover this function is activated only when the operating frequency deviates
more than ± 0,3Hz. The purpose is to achieve fast speed recovery after load transient.
In SW version previous than 00.22, for DST4601/PX, Large Dead Band behavior and purpose was
available also for parallel to mains application; after that version it has no more effect in this
application.
In any case Large Dead Band can’t replace the standard Dead band value P.877 that should always
set for any applications that require load sharing function.
P.889 must be greater than P.877.
It is deactivated setting it to 0.

It is an equivalent of parameter P.877 (Dead band for Load sharing) used in Parallel To Mains
applications.
In these plants, when Dead Band is active, once reached the reference power, the regulator will no
made correction until the error will becomes greater than the dead band. Typically, power will
increase up to the reference power plus the dead band, then the regulator will correct the output
and power will decrease down to the reference power minus the dead band where a new correction
will increase the power again.
In “Base Load” application, the regulated power waveform, with Dead Band active, will have a
triangular shape with height of two times P.898 and width (time) function of P.876.
This function is used for special purpose and, usually, it is not advisable to use it (leave it to 0).

It is the P factor of the reactive power PI regulator (reactive sharing).

DST4601/PX requires DICHRON module, GC500 requires external PWM/Current Loop
converter/insulator.

It is the I factor of the reactive power PI regulator (reactive sharing).

DST4601/PX requires DICHRON module, GC500 requires external PWM/Current Loop
converter/insulator.

It is a percentage value respect to the maximum reactive power that delimits a range around the
power reference value inside which no voltage regulation is carried out.

Parallel Functions Handbook 27

 It is used to put at rest the reference of the generator output voltage when the reactive power
mismatch related to the reactive power to share is below the set value. It allows to avoid voltage
drifting from the nominal one. Only for load-sharing applications.
DST4601/PX requires DICHRON module, GC500 requires external PWM/Current Loop
converter/insulator.

It identifies the input terminal at which is connected the reference signal of the cosfi regulation.

Allowable values for DST4601/PX are the followings:

 0 – None (no external speed reference is used)
 1 – Terminal JF-33 (Input 0..5V)
 2 – Terminal JF-34 (Input 0..10V)
 3 – Terminal JF-35 (Input 0..10V)
 4 - Terminal JQ-06 (Input 0..10V)
 5 – Terminal JQ-07 (Input 0..5V)
 6 – Terminals JI of DICHRON (Input 0..10V)
Before set this parameter, check that the selected DST4601/PX input is properly configured. These
inputs has different programmable functions or are available only if some options are installed.
For GC500:
 0 – None (special meaning depending on the parameters)
 4 - Terminal JW-03 (Input 0..10V)
 5 – Terminal JW-01 (Input 0..10V)

DST4601/PX requires DICHRON module, GC500 requires external PWM/Current Loop

converter/insulator.

This is the reference value for the Cosfi regulation when the input reference voltage is the lowest.
Cosfi value up to 1 are inductive (lag), value greater than 1 are capacitive (lead). To calculate the
value to set for capacitive value, subtract it from 2.
DST4601/PX requires DICHRON module, GC500 requires external PWM/Current Loop
converter/insulator.

This is the reference value for the Cosfi regulation when the input reference voltage is the highest.
Cosfi value up to 1 are inductive (lag), value greater than 1 are capacitive (lead). To calculate the
value to set for capacitive value, subtract it from 2.
DST4601/PX requires DICHRON module, GC500 requires external PWM/Current Loop
converter/insulator.

This is the reference value for the Cosfi regulation if no external reference is used (P.891=0).

Cosfi value up to 1 are inductive (lag), value greater than 1 are capacitive (lead). To calculate the
value to set for capacitive value, subtract it from 2.

DST4601/PX requires DICHRON module, GC500 requires external PWM/Current Loop

converter/insulator.

28 Parallel Functions Handbook

It is the P factor of the reactive power PI regulator (reactive sharing).

DST4601/PX requires DICHRON module, GC500 requires external PWM/Current Loop

converter/insulator.

It is the I factor of the reactive power PI regulator (reactive sharing).

DST4601/PX requires DICHRON module, GC500 requires external PWM/Current Loop

converter/insulator.

In parallel to Mains application, without stand-by function, the controller disconnect the generator
from the bus in case of Mains fault. Generator is not stopped, waiting for Mains return. By this
parameter is possible to set a timeout after which, in case of persistent Mains fault, an alarm is issued
and the generator is stopped.

If set to 0, the alarm is disabled and in case of Mains failure the gen-set will stay running without
limit.

It allows to select which circuit breaker is to be managed as interface breaker toward the mains in
parallel to mains applications.
0. No interface device
1. GCB
2. MCB

It is required the special SICES password in order to change this parameter; please refer to the
technical handbook.

By means P.901 it is defined the minimum holding time of the “mains failure” status. Once the mains
failure is detected, it is held for the programmed time even if the mains protections reset before the
time is elapsed.

DST4601/PX requires that DICHRON module is connected. GC500 implements this function starting
from SW version 1.09. It is used for parallel to mains applications.

It defines the voltage histeresys applied to the low and high voltage threshold used for the mains
failure detection.

DST4601/PX requires that DICHRON module is connected. GC500 implements this function starting
from SW version 1.09. It is used for parallel to mains applications.

Parallel Functions Handbook 29

 It is the threshold under which the low voltage protection for parallel application trips (mains failure)
opening the interface breaker.
DST4601/PX requires that DICHRON module is connected. GC500 implements this function starting
from SW version 1.09. It is used for parallel to mains applications.

Mains voltage has to remains for this time below the P.912 value in order to trip the protection.
Setting it to 0 disable the protection.
DST4601/PX requires that DICHRON module is connected. GC500 implements this function starting
from SW version 1.09. It is used for parallel to mains applications.

It is the threshold over which the high voltage protection for parallel application trips (mains failure)
opening the interface breaker.
DST4601/PX requires that DICHRON module is connected. GC500 implement this function starting
from SW version 1.09. It is used for parallel to mains applications.

Mains voltage has to remains for this time over the P.914 value in order to trip the protection.
Setting it to 0 disable the protection.
DST4601/PX requires that DICHRON module is connected. GC500 implements this function starting
from SW version 1.09. It is used for parallel to mains applications.

It allows to define the histeresys for the low and high frequency thresholds used for the mains failure
detection.
DST4601/PX requires that DICHRON module is connected. GC500 implements this function starting
from SW version 1.09. It is used for parallel to mains applications.

It is the threshold under which the low frequency protection for parallel application trips (mains failure)
opening the interface breaker.
DST4601/PX requires that DICHRON module is connected. GC500 implements this function starting
from SW version 1.09. It is used for parallel to mains applications.

Mains frequency has to remains for this time below the P.922 value in order to trip the protection.
Setting it to 0 disable the protection.
DST4601/PX requires that DICHRON module is connected. GC500 implements this function starting
from SW version 1.09. It is used for parallel to mains applications.

It is the threshold over which the high frequency protection for parallel application trips (mains failure)
opening the interface breaker.

DST4601/PX requires that DICHRON module is connected. GC500 implements this function starting
from SW version 1.09. It is used for parallel to mains applications.

30 Parallel Functions Handbook

Mains frequency has to remains for this time over the P.924 value in order to trip the protection.
Setting it to 0 disable the protection.
DST4601/PX requires that DICHRON module is connected. GC500 implements this function starting
from SW version 1.09. It is used for parallel to mains applications.

P.931 allows to make the 81R protection selective to the frequency change direction.
Allowable values are the followings:
1. Acceleration (frequency increase)
2. Deceleration (frequency decrease)
3. Acceleration/Deceleration

DST4601/PX requires that DICHRON module is connected. GC500 implements this function starting
from SW version 1.09. It is used for parallel to mains applications.

It is the threshold over which the rate of change of frequency protection trips opening the interface
circuit breaker.
The value is expressed in Hz/s.
DST4601/PX requires that DICHRON module is connected. GC500 implements this function
starting from SW version 1.09. It is used for parallel to mains applications.

The rate of change of frequency have to remains over P.932 value for the time defined by this
parameters in order to trip the protection.
Setting it to 0 disable the protection.
DST4601/PX requires that DICHRON module is connected. GC500 implements this function
starting from SW version 1.09. It is used for parallel to mains applications.

P.941 allows to make the Vector Jump protection selective to the direction of the change.

The allowable values are the followings:

1. Positive vector jump (period increases)
2. Negative vector jump (period decreases)
3. Any direction vector jump

DST4601/PX requires that DICHRON module is connected. GC500 implements this function
starting from SW version 1.09. It is used for parallel to mains applications.

It defines the absolute value of the phase change over which the protection trips opening the interface
circuit breaker.
Value is expressed in degrees.
Setting it to 0 disable the protection.
Parameter is available only for DST4601/PX and it is active only if DICHRON module is connected.
It is used for parallel to mains applications.

Parallel Functions Handbook 31

 This menu is available only for DST4601/PX when DICHRON module is attached.

It isn’t available for GC500.

This is the number of phases of the busbar connected to the DICHRON

Nominal voltage of the busbar connected to the DICHRON

Primary voltage of the voltage transformer used to interface the busbar to the DICHRON (if not used
set to 1).

Secondary voltage of the voltage transformer used to interface the busbar to the DICHRON (if not
used set to 1).

Nominal voltage of the generator voltage connected to the DICHRON.

Primary voltage of the voltage transformer used to interface the generator to the DICHRON (if not
used set to 1).

Secondary voltage of the voltage transformer used to interface the generator to the DICHRON (if not
used set to 1).

DROOP mode is activated by means a digital input programmed with function 61 (DROOP request)

These parameters identify the input terminal at which is connected an external reference for the
DROOP speed (no load speed).

Allowable values for DST4601/PX are the followings:

 0 – None (no external speed reference is used)
 1 – Terminal JF-33 (Input 0..5V)
 2 – Terminal JF-34 (Input 0..10V)
 3 – Terminal JF-35 (Input 0..10V)
 4 - Terminal JQ-06 (Input 0..10V)
 5 – Terminal JQ-07 (Input 0..5V)
 6 – Terminals JI of DICHRON (Input 0..10V)

32 Parallel Functions Handbook

Before set this parameter, check that the selected DST4601/PX input is properly configured. These
inputs has different programmable functions or are available only if some options are installed.

Possible values for GC500 are the followings:

0 – None (no external speed reference is used)
4 - Terminal JW-03 (Input 0..10V)
5 – Terminal JW-01 (Input 0..10V)

If set to 0, P.974 is used as reference source for the DROOP.

P.972 is the reference value for the DROOP no load speed when the input reference voltage is the
lowest.

P.973 is the reference value for the DROOP no load speed when the input reference voltage is the
highest.

This is the no load speed in Hz in DROOP mode of the generator.

Changing this value during parallel operation will change the supplied power.
Depending on the operation mode, this parameter can be changed also from screen M.05
(DST4601/PX) B.02 (GC500).

P.975 set the DROOP sensitivity.

Starting from P.974 speed (no load speed), the actual speed will be decreased of 1 Hz for each
P.975 multiply by P.801 (Maximum deliverable Power) supplied power.

This parameter allows to set a load/unload ramp.

Its value is in Hz/s since the loading/unloading is accomplished by changing the no load speed.
When P.974 is changed, the new reference value will be gradually reached applying the ramp
defined by this parameter.
Using analogue interfaced engines, it might be required to configure a droop speed regulation loop
(see P.976 and P.978)

This is the parameter that set the P value for the PI speed regulator used only in DROOP mode.
This regulator should be used only if the DROOP and DROOP ramp performance are not
satisfactory otherwise leave P.977 and P.978 to 0.
Using CAN interfaced engine, these parameters should be leaved to 0.

This is the parameter that set the I value for the PI speed regulator used only in DROOP mode.

This regulator should be used only if the DROOP and DROOP ramp performance are not
satisfactory otherwise leave P.977 and P.978 to 0.

Using CAN interfaced engine, these parameters should be leaved to 0.

Parallel Functions Handbook 33

 4. Application note for parallel configuration
For the parallel functions, up to 4 or 5 PI regulator have to be setup.
Setup procedure is similar without regards to the PI functions.

Consider parameters P.871 (Gain for active control loop, P factor) and P.872 (Integral factor for
active control loop, I factor); they have to be appropriately set for each plant.
Parameter values depend on different factors: engine type, generator power, alternator type; they
even could be different for similar systems.
However, setting these parameter is not very critical if carried out following a correct procedure.
Unfortunately, the best empirical procedure (defined by Ziegler-Nichols) requires to measure the
oscillation period of the regulated output: it may result quite difficult to carried out this measure.
For this reason, beside the empirical method, we suggest a simplified one that should allows to
properly select the relevant parameters.
PI parameters can be changed while the engine is running, even from the front panel interface. In
any case we suggest to use our BoardPrg program, freely available (see our website
[Link]).

1) Set P and I parameter to low values (P.871 = 0,012 and P.872 = 0, for example).
2) Close the generator in parallel. If you experience regulation problems (such reverse power)
due to the low gain, slightly increase it.
3) If the generated power oscillates, decrease P value (P.871) until the oscillation fade away.
4) Increase P.871 until the generated power starts oscillate. Decrease/increase to find the value
at which the oscillation starts (a good approximation is sufficient).
5) Measure the oscillation period (the time between two consecutive peak of sourced power).
6) Set P.871 to a value equal to the current value divided by 2.2.
7) Set P.872 to a value equal to 1.2 divided for the period of the measured oscillation
(expressed in second). It can be set a lower value degrading the performance but increasing
stability margin.
8) Some other fine tuning might be necessary. Verify how the system work with low, medium
and high load. In case there is residual instability decrease again P.871.

To avoid oscillation period measurement, it is possible to proceed, as stated in the previous

paragraph, up to point 6 included, skipping point 5. Increase P.872 until the performance are
satisfactory.

P factor is not able by itself to perform a good regulation: to reduce the error, P should be increased,
but after a threshold, the system becomes instable. Usually the P value set using the explained
method is the better compromise between performance and stability.
To achieve a good regulation, it is necessary to set I factor. Even small values of I factor increase
the system performance. Value, obtained used the explained method, usually give the better
performance. This factor is not very critical and a large set of value con be used.

34 Parallel Functions Handbook

Must be kept in mind that I factor cumulates the system errors: delays in error recovering may cause
overshoot or undershoot. Moreover, too high value of I lead to system instability.
Once found the value that give good performance, try to decrease it until the performance are below
the minimum expected. Then select the actual value in that range as compromise.
In some cases, could be necessary to start the procedure with a minimum I (P.872) value to
allow the controller a minimum regulation capability compatible with the system. A small
P.872 (0.1 or 0.2) can be used with negligible effects on the parameters.

The settings are located in the menu 8.3 Speed Control. Particular attention deserve parameters
P.849 (Gain for phase control loop, factor P), P.850(Integral factor for phase control loop, factor I)
and P.851(Derivative factor per phase control loop, factor D).

Keeping in mind what was said in the previous paragraph and after the disconnection of the circuit
breaker command, follows this procedure:

1. Let the key switch selector in MAN position and set the engine speed in such a way
that a small slip frequency will be present.

2. Set to 0 the values of I and D. Set to 0,01 the value of P.

3. Move the key selector switch to AUTO to start synchronizing.

4. Increase P value until a regulation attempt is detected. Increase again P until some
instability is observed. It is possible that, with only the P factor, the regulator is able
only to regulate the frequency but not to reduce to 0 the phase error. If needed, move
the key switch to MAN and again to AUTO to restore some phase error.

5. Set the P value to the present value divided for 2,2 if no D parameter will be used;
otherwise divide it for 1,7.

6. Increase I parameter until obtaining the required synchronization performance.

7. If required, set the D parameter. This value should not exceed the inverse of I divided
by four.

We suggest to leave P.851 ( D ) to 0.

Use the same procedure used for setup the PI for power regulation.

Parallel Functions Handbook 35

This document is owned by SICES s.r.l.. All rights reserved. SICES s.r.l. reserves the right to modify
this document without prior notice.
SICES has made any effort to ensure that the information herein provide are correct; in any case
SICES does not assume any liability for the use these information.
The disclosure by any means of this document to third parties is not allowed.

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1