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Introduction to PLCs and Their Types

The document discusses Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs), including what they are, their components and functions, types of PLCs, and programming languages used. PLCs are digital controllers used in industrial automation to monitor inputs and control outputs to automate processes and machines.

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Jerry Arthur Martinez
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63 views26 pages

Introduction to PLCs and Their Types

The document discusses Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs), including what they are, their components and functions, types of PLCs, and programming languages used. PLCs are digital controllers used in industrial automation to monitor inputs and control outputs to automate processes and machines.

Uploaded by

Jerry Arthur Martinez
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PLC (Programmable Logic Controller)

Instructor: Mr. Regie B. Pallasigui


What is PLC?
The National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) defines
a PLC as a "digitally operating electronic apparatus which uses a
programmable memory for the internal storage of instructions by
implementing specific functions, such as logic, sequencing, timing,
counting, and arithmetic to control through digital or analog I/O
modules various types of machines or processes."
PLC (programmable logic controller)

• It is also known as the conventional relay logic


replacer

• Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs), also


referred to as programmable controllers, are in
the computer family. They are used in
commercial and industrial applications. A PLC
monitors inputs, makes decisions based on its
program, and controls outputs to automate a
process or machine.
TYPES OF PLC

COMPACT PLC – is built by several modules within a


single case. Therefore I/O capabilities are decided by the
manufacturer, but not by user.

In compact type of PLC the maximum expansion possible is 3


expansion.

A compact type of PLC must be


• Suitable for stand alone
• Fix number I/O’s module
• Designed for simple application
TYPES OF PLC

MODULAR PLC– is built by several several components


that are plugged into a common rack or bus with extendable I/O
capabilities.
• It is a type of PLC used for more complex and sophisticated control
PLC major components
Power supply

INPUT CPU or OUTPUT


module Central Processing module
Unit

Programming Device
MECHANISM OF PLC
(programming tool)

X0 Y0

OUTPUT INTERFACE
INPUT INTERFACE
Memory section
X1 Y2
X2 Y3

X3 Y4
X4 Y5
X5 Y6

X6 Y7

INPUT DEVICES: OUTPUTDEVICES:


• PUSH BUTTON • MOTOR
• LIMIT SWITCH • SOLENOID VALVE
• SENSOR • BUZZER
• TOGGLE SWITCH • LAMP
• CONTACTOR
PLC SIZE CLASSIFICATION
SIZE I/O Count
Micro Up to 32
Small 32 up to 128
Medium 128 to 2048
Large 1024 to 4096
Very large 2048 and above
PLC Languages
• Ladder logic (most common type of programming)
• Statement List (STL)
• Sequential Function Chart (SFC)
• Structured Text (ST)
• Function Block Diagram (FBD)
LADDER LOGIC
STATEMENT LIST
FUNCTION BLOCK DIAGRAM
It is a PLC programming language that uses components resembling
elements used in a line diagram
PLC WIRING

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