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Definition of Back Cross Method

The backcross method involves crossing an F1 hybrid with one of its parents, known as the recurrent parent. Through successive backcrosses to the recurrent parent, the progeny becomes increasingly similar genetically to that parent. The goal is to transfer one or two desirable traits from a donor parent to an otherwise high-yielding recurrent parent that lacks those traits. For successful development of a new variety using this method, the recurrent parent must lack the desired traits while the donor parent must strongly express them, and the traits must be highly heritable. Repeated backcrossing recovers the genotype of the recurrent parent while maintaining the desired traits from the donor parent.

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1K views2 pages

Definition of Back Cross Method

The backcross method involves crossing an F1 hybrid with one of its parents, known as the recurrent parent. Through successive backcrosses to the recurrent parent, the progeny becomes increasingly similar genetically to that parent. The goal is to transfer one or two desirable traits from a donor parent to an otherwise high-yielding recurrent parent that lacks those traits. For successful development of a new variety using this method, the recurrent parent must lack the desired traits while the donor parent must strongly express them, and the traits must be highly heritable. Repeated backcrossing recovers the genotype of the recurrent parent while maintaining the desired traits from the donor parent.

Uploaded by

Abdul Ghani
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Definition of Back Cross Method:

A cross between F1 hybrid and one of its parents is known as a backcross. It is


proposed by Harian and Pope in 1922, as a method breeding for small grains and is
employed in improvement of both hybrid.

In this method two plants are selected and crossed and hybrid successively backcross
to one of their parents. As a result the grain hybrid backcross progeny becomes
increasingly similar to that of the parents to which it identical with the parent used for
backcrossing. In this method the desirable variety which are lacking in some
characteristics known as a recurrent or recipient parent, while the undesirable variety
on wild variety processing only one or two desirable characteristics known as donor
parent or non recurrent parent. The objectives of this method are to improve one or
two specific defects of high yielding variety.

For the successful development of a new variety, following requirements must be


fulfilled.

1) A suitable recurrent parent must be available which lack in one or two characters.
2) A suitable donor parent must be available which passes the characters be transfer in
highly intense form.
3) The character to be transferred much have high heritability.
4) A sufficient number of backcrossed should be made so that the genotype of the
recurrent parent is recovered in full .

Application of the Backcross Method:

This method is commonly used for the transfer of disease resistant from one variety to
another. But is also suitable for the transfer of quantitative characters and is applied is
both self and cross pollinated crops.

1) Intervarietal transfer of simply inherit characters such as disease resistance , seed


colour , plant height etc.
2) Intervarietal transfer or quantitative characters. Such as earliness, seed size, seed
shape may be transferred from one variety to another belongings to same species.
3) Interspecific transfer of simply inherited characters i.e disease resistance from
related species to cultivated species. Ex. Transfer of leaf and stem rust resistance from
Triticum monococum to Triticum aestivum.
4) Transfer of cytoplasm from one variety or species to another and is desirable in case
of cytoplasmic male sterility.
5) Transgressive segregation – Backcross method may be modified to produce
Transgressive segregants.
6) Production of isogenic line.

Genetic Consequences of Back Crossing:


1) It results in rapid increase in homozygosity and frequency of homozygote.
2) The repeated backcrossing results in increase in frequency of desirable genotype
thus the genotype of progeny become increasingly similar to recurrent parent.
3) The gene under transfer must be maintained by selection in the back cross
generation. Therefore, there would be opportunity in each backcross generation for
crossing over to occur between the gene being transferred and tightly linked genes

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