Project Job Ref.

GP Section Sheet no./rev.

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Calc. by Date Chk'd by Date App'd by Date
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RAFT FOUNDATION DESIGN (BS8110 : PART 1 : 1997)

Tedds calculation version 1.0.11;

A sedgetop Asslabtop

A sedgelink hslab

hedge hhcoreslab

aedge

hhcorethick

Asedgebtm
bedge

Soil and raft definition

Soil definition
Allowable bearing pressure; qallow = 200.0 kN/m2
Number of types of soil forming sub-soil; One type only
Soil density; Firm
Depth of hardcore beneath slab; hhcoreslab = 500 mm; (Dispersal allowed for bearing pressure check)
Depth of hardcore beneath thickenings; hhcorethick = 500 mm; (Dispersal allowed for bearing pressure check)
3
Density of hardcore;  hcore = 18.0 kN/m
Basic assumed diameter of local depression; depbasic = 1500mm
Diameter under slab modified for hardcore; depslab = depbasic - hhcoreslab = 1000 mm
Diameter under thickenings modified for hardcore; depthick = depbasic - hhcorethick = 1000 mm

Raft slab definition

Max dimension/max dimension between joints; lmax = 8.300 m
Slab thickness; hslab = 150 mm
Concrete strength; fcu = 35 N/mm2
Poissons ratio of concrete;  = 0.2
Slab mesh reinforcement strength; fyslab = 500 N/mm2
Partial safety factor for steel reinforcement;  s = 1.15
From C&CA document ‘Concrete ground floors’ Table 5
Minimum mesh required in top for shrinkage; A142;
Actual mesh provided in top; A393 (Asslabtop = 393 mm2/m)
Mesh bar diameter; slabtop = 10 mm
Cover to top reinforcement; ctop = 30 mm
Average effective depth of top reinforcement; dtslabav = hslab - ctop - slabtop = 110 mm
Minimum effective depth of top reinforcement; dtslabmin = dtslabav - slabtop/2 = 105 mm

Edge beam definition

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GP Section Sheet no./rev.

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Overall depth; hedge = 500 mm

Width; bedge = 300 mm
Angle of chamfer to horizontal; edge = 60 deg
Strength of main bar reinforcement; fy = 500 N/mm2
Strength of link reinforcement; fys = 500 N/mm2
Reinforcement provided in top; 2 H16 bars (Asedgetop = 402 mm2)
Reinforcement provided in bottom; 2 H16 bars (Asedgebtm = 402 mm2)
Link reinforcement provided; 2 H8 legs at 150 ctrs (Asv/sv = 0.670 mm)
Bottom cover to links; cbeam = 30 mm
Effective depth of top reinforcement; dedgetop = hedge - ctop - slabtop - edgelink - edgetop/2 = 444 mm
Effective depth of bottom reinforcement; dedgebtm = hedge - cbeam - edgelink - edgebtm/2 = 454 mm

Internal beam definition

A sintlink A sinttop Asslabtop

hslab

hint hhcoreslab

aint

hhcorethick

bint Asintbtm

Overall depth; hint = 350 mm

Width; bint = 500 mm
Angle of chamfer to horizontal; int = 60 deg
Strength of main bar reinforcement; fy = 500 N/mm2
Strength of link reinforcement; fys = 500 N/mm2
Reinforcement provided in top; 2 H16 bars (Asinttop = 402 mm2)
Reinforcement provided in bottom; 2 H16 bars (Asintbtm = 402 mm2)
Link reinforcement provided; 2 H8 legs at 125 ctrs (Asv/sv = 0.804 mm)
Effective depth of top reinforcement; dinttop = hint - ctop - 2  slabtop - inttop/2 = 292 mm
Effective depth of bottom reinforcement; dintbtm = hint - cbeam - intlink - intbtm/2 = 304 mm

Internal slab design checks

Basic loading
Slab self weight; wslab = 24 kN/m3  hslab = 3.6 kN/m2
Hardcore; whcoreslab =  hcore  hhcoreslab = 9.0 kN/m2

Applied loading
Uniformly distributed dead load; wDudl = 1.8 kN/m2
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GP Section Sheet no./rev.

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Uniformly distributed live load; wLudl = 2.5 kN/m2

Slab load number 1
Load type; Line load
Dead load; wD1 = 24.0 kN/m
Live load; wL1 = 4.5 kN/m
Ultimate load; wult1 = 1.4  wD1 + 1.6  wL1 = 40.8 kN/m
Line load width; b1 = 124 mm
Internal slab bearing pressure check
Total uniform load at formation level; wudl = wslab + whcoreslab + wDudl + wLudl = 16.9 kN/m2
Bearing pressure beneath load number 1;
Effective loaded width; x1 = b1 + 2  (hslab + hhcoreslab  tan(30)) = 1001 mm
Bearing pressure at formation level; q1 = (wD1 + wL1)/x1 + wudl = 45.3 kN/m2
PASS - q <= qallow - Applied bearing pressure is less than allowable
Internal slab bending and shear check
Applied bending moments
Effective span of slab; lslab = (depslab + dtslabav)/2 = 555 mm
Ultimate self weight udl; wswult = 1.4  wslab = 5.0 kN/m2
Approximate self weight cantilever moment at edge; Mesw = (wswult    lslab2)  (lslab/3) / (2    lslab) = 0.3 kNm/m
Self weight shear force at edge; Vsw = wswult  lslab / 2 = 1.4 kN/m

Moments due to applied uniformly distributed loads

Ultimate applied udl; wudlult = 1.4  wDudl + 1.6  wLudl = 6.5 kN/m2
Approximate cantilever moment at edge; Meudl = (wudlult    lslab2)  (lslab/3) / (2    lslab) = 0.3 kNm/m
Shear force at edge; Vudl = wudlult  lslab / 2 = 1.8 kN/m
Moment due to load number 1
Approximate equivalent udl; wudl1 = 1.5  wult1/(2  0.3  lslab) = 183.8 kN/m2
Approximate cantilever moment at edge; Me1 = (wudl1    lslab2)  (lslab/3) / (2    lslab) = 9.4 kNm/m
Shear force at edge; V1 = wudl1  lslab / 2 = 51.0 kN/m

Resultant moments and shears

Total moment at edge; Me = 10.0 kNm/m
Total shear force; V = 54.2 kN/m

Reinforcement required in top

K factor; Kslabtop = Me/(fcu  dtslabav2) = 0.024
Lever arm; zslabtop = dtslabav  min(0.95, 0.5 + (0.25 - Kslabtop/0.9)) = 104.5 mm
Area of steel required for bending; Asslabtopbend = Me/((1.0/ s)  fyslab  zslabtop) = 221 mm2/m
Minimum area of steel required; Asslabmin = 0.0013  hslab = 195 mm2/m
Area of steel required; Asslabtopreq = max(Asslabtopbend, Asslabmin) = 221 mm2/m
PASS - Asslabtopreq <= Asslabtop - Area of reinforcement provided in top to span local depressions is adequate
Shear check
Applied shear stress; v = V/dtslabmin = 0.516 N/mm2
Tension steel ratio;  = 100  Asslabtop/dtslabmin = 0.374
From BS8110-1:1997 - Table 3.8;
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Design concrete shear strength; vc = 0.712 N/mm2

PASS - v <= vc - Shear capacity of the slab is adequate
Internal slab deflection check
Basic allowable span to depth ratio; Ratiobasic = 7.0
Moment factor; Mfactor = Me/dtslabav2 = 0.829 N/mm2
Steel service stress; fs = 2/3  fyslab  Asslabtopbend/Asslabtop = 187.144 N/mm2
Modification factor; MFslab = min(2.0, 0.55 + [(477N/mm2 - fs)/(120  (0.9N/mm2 + Mfactor))])
MFslab = 1.947
Modified allowable span to depth ratio; Ratioallow = Ratiobasic  MFslab = 13.632
Actual span to depth ratio; Ratioactual = lslab/dtslabav = 5.045
PASS - Ratioactual <= Ratioallow - Slab span to depth ratio is adequate

Edge beam design checks

Basic loading
Hardcore; whcorethick =  hcore  hhcorethick = 9.0 kN/m2
Edge beam
Rectangular beam element; wbeam = 24 kN/m3  hedge  bedge = 3.6 kN/m
Chamfer element; wchamfer = 24 kN/m3  (hedge - hslab)2/(2  tan(edge)) = 0.8 kN/m
Slab element; wslabelmt = 24 kN/m3  hslab  (hedge - hslab)/tan(edge) = 0.7 kN/m
Edge beam self weight; wedge = wbeam + wchamfer + wslabelmt = 5.2 kN/m
Edge load number 1
Load type; Longitudinal line load
Dead load; wDedge1 = 10.0 kN/m
Live load; wLedge1 = 0.0 kN/m
Ultimate load; wultedge1 = 1.4  wDedge1 + 1.6  wLedge1 = 14.0 kN/m
Longitudinal line load width; bedge1 = 124 mm
Centroid of load from outside face of raft; xedge1 = 62 mm
Edge load number 2
Load type; Transverse line load
Dead load; wDedge2 = 24.0 kN/m
Live load; wLedge2 = 4.5 kN/m
Ultimate load; wultedge2 = 1.4  wDedge2 + 1.6  wLedge2 = 40.8 kN/m
Transverse line load width; bedge2 = 124 mm
Edge beam bearing pressure check
Effective bearing width of edge beam; bbearing = bedge + (hedge - hslab)/tan(edge) = 502 mm
Total uniform load at formation level; wudledge = wDudl+wLudl+wedge/bbearing+whcorethick = 23.6 kN/m2
Bearing pressure due to transverse line loads
Total dead transverse line load; wDtrans = 24.0 kN/m
Total live transverse line load; wLtrans = 4.5 kN/m
Total ultimate transverse line load; wulttrans = 40.8 kN/m
Minimum width of transverse line loads; btrans = 124 mm
Length of trans line load applied to edge beam; ltransapp = bedge + (hedge - hslab)/tan(edge) = 502 mm
Total ult trans line load applied to edge beam; W ulttrans = wulttrans  ltransapp = 20.5 kN
Approx moment capacity of bottom steel; Medgebtm = (1.0/ s)  fy  0.9  dedgebtm  Asedgebtm = 71.4 kNm
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Max allow dispersal based on moment capacity; pedgemom=[2Medgebtm+(4Medgebtm2+2W ulttransMedgebtmbtrans)]/W ulttrans

pedgemom = 14011 mm
Limiting max dispersal to say 5 x beam depth; pedge = min(pedgemom, 5  hedge) = 2500 mm
Total dispersal width of transverse line loads; ltrans = 2  pedge + btrans = 5124 mm
Bearing pressure due to trans line loads; qtrans = (wDtrans + wLtrans)  ltransapp/(ltrans  bbearing) = 5.6 kN/m2

Centroid of longitudinal and equivalent line loads from outside face of raft
Load x distance for edge load 1; Moment1 = wultedge1  xedge1 = 0.9 kN
Sum of ultimate longitud’l and equivalent line loads; UDL = 14.0 kN/m
Sum of load x distances; Moment = 0.9 kN
Centroid of loads; xbar = Moment/UDL = 62 mm

Initially assume no moment transferred into slab due to load/reaction eccentricity

Sum of unfactored longitud’l and eff’tive line loads; UDLsls = 10.0 kN/m
Allowable bearing width; ballow = 2  xbar + 2  hhcoreslab  tan(30) = 701 mm
Bearing pressure due to line/point loads; qlinepoint = UDLsls/ ballow = 14.3 kN/m2
Total applied bearing pressure; qedge = qlinepoint + qtrans + wudledge = 43.4 kN/m2
PASS - qedge <= qallow - Allowable bearing pressure is not exceeded
Edge beam bending check
Divider for moments due to udl’s; udl = 10.0
Divider for moments due to point loads; point = 6.0
Applied bending moments
Span of edge beam; ledge = depthick + dedgetop = 1444 mm
Ultimate self weight udl; wedgeult = 1.4  wedge = 7.2 kN/m
Ultimate slab udl (approx); wedgeslab = max(0 kN/m,1.4wslab((depthick/23/4)-(bedge+(hedge-hslab)/tan(edge))))
wedgeslab = 0.0 kN/m
Self weight and slab bending moment; Medgesw = (wedgeult + wedgeslab)  ledge2/udl = 1.5 kNm
Self weight shear force; Vedgesw = (wedgeult + wedgeslab)  ledge/2 = 5.2 kN

Moments due to applied uniformly distributed loads

Ultimate udl (approx); wedgeudl = wudlult  depthick/2  3/4 = 2.4 kN/m
Bending moment; Medgeudl = wedgeudl  ledge2/udl = 0.5 kNm
Shear force; Vedgeudl = wedgeudl  ledge/2 = 1.7 kN
Moment and shear due to load number 1
Bending moment; Medge1 = wultedge1  ledge2/udl = 2.9 kNm
Shear force; Vedge1 = wultedge1  ledge/2 = 10.1 kN
Moment and shear due to load number 2
Ultimate point load; W edge2 = wultedge2  depthick/2  3/4 = 15.3 kN
Bending moment; Medge2 = W edge2  ledge/point = 3.7 kNm
Shear force; Vedge2 = W edge2 = 15.3 kN
Resultant moments and shears
Total moment (hogging and sagging); Medge = 8.6 kNm
Maximum shear force; Vedge = 32.4 kN

Reinforcement required in top

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GP Section Sheet no./rev.

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Width of section in compression zone; bedgetop = bedge = 300 mm

Average web width; bw = bedge + (hedge/tan(edge))/2 = 444 mm
K factor; Kedgetop = Medge/(fcu  bedgetop  dedgetop2) = 0.004
Lever arm; zedgetop = dedgetop  min(0.95, 0.5 + (0.25 - Kedgetop/0.9)) = 422 mm
Area of steel required for bending; Asedgetopbend = Medge/((1.0/ s)  fy  zedgetop) = 47 mm2
Minimum area of steel required; Asedgetopmin = 0.0013  1.0  bw  hedge = 289 mm2
Area of steel required; Asedgetopreq = max(Asedgetopbend, Asedgetopmin) = 289 mm2
PASS - Asedgetopreq <= Asedgetop - Area of reinforcement provided in top of edge beams is adequate
Reinforcement required in bottom
Width of section in compression zone; bedgebtm = bedge + (hedge - hslab)/tan(edge) + 0.1  ledge = 646 mm
K factor; Kedgebtm = Medge/(fcu  bedgebtm  dedgebtm2) = 0.002
Lever arm; zedgebtm = dedgebtm  min(0.95, 0.5 + (0.25 - Kedgebtm/0.9)) = 431 mm
Area of steel required for bending; Asedgebtmbend = Medge/((1.0/ s)  fy  zedgebtm) = 46 mm2
Minimum area of steel required; Asedgebtmmin = 0.0013  1.0  bw  hedge = 289 mm2
Area of steel required; Asedgebtmreq = max(Asedgebtmbend, Asedgebtmmin) = 289 mm2
PASS - Asedgebtmreq <= Asedgebtm - Area of reinforcement provided in bottom of edge beams is adequate
Edge beam shear check
Applied shear stress; vedge = Vedge/(bw  dedgetop) = 0.164 N/mm2
Tension steel ratio; edge = 100  Asedgetop/(bw  dedgetop) = 0.204
From BS8110-1:1997 - Table 3.8
Design concrete shear strength; vcedge = 0.416 N/mm2
vedge <= vcedge + 0.4N/mm2 - Therefore minimum links required
Link area to spacing ratio required; Asv_upon_svreqedge = 0.4N/mm2  bw/((1.0/ s)  fys) = 0.409 mm
Link area to spacing ratio provided; Asv_upon_svprovedge = Nedgelinkedgelink2/(4svedge) = 0.670 mm
PASS - Asv_upon_svreqedge <= Asv_upon_svprovedge - Shear reinforcement provided in edge beams is adequate

Corner design checks

Basic loading
Corner load number 1
Load type; Line load in x direction
Dead load; wDcorner1 = 18.3 kN/m
Live load; wLcorner1 = 2.3 kN/m
Ultimate load; wultcorner1 = 1.4  wDcorner1 + 1.6  wLcorner1 = 29.2 kN/m
Centroid of load from outside face of raft; ycorner1 = 62 mm
Corner load number 2
Load type; Line load in y direction
Dead load; wDcorner2 = 10.0 kN/m
Live load; wLcorner2 = 0.0 kN/m
Ultimate load; wultcorner2 = 1.4  wDcorner2 + 1.6  wLcorner2 = 14.0 kN/m
Centroid of load from outside face of raft; xcorner2 = 62 mm
Corner bearing pressure check
Total uniform load at formation level; wudlcorner = wDudl+wLudl+wedge/bbearing+whcorethick = 23.6 kN/m2
Net bearing press avail to resist line/point loads; qnetcorner = qallow - wudlcorner = 176.4 kN/m2
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Total line/point loads

Total unfactored line load in x direction; wlinex = 20.5 kN/m
Total ultimate line load in x direction; wultlinex =29.2 kN/m
Total unfactored line load in y direction; wliney = 10.0 kN/m
Total ultimate line load in y direction; wultliney = 14.0 kN/m
Total unfactored point load; wpoint = 0.0 kN
Total ultimate point load; wultpoint = 0.0 kN
Length of side of sq reqd to resist line/point loads; pcorner =[wlinex+wliney+((wlinex+wliney)2+4qnetcornerwpoint)]/(2qnetcorner)
pcorner = 173 mm
Bending moment about x-axis due to load/reaction eccentricity
Moment due to load 1 (x line); Mx1 = max(0 kNm, wultcorner1  pcorner  (pcorner/2 - ycorner1)) = 0.1 kNm
Total moment about x axis; Mx = 0.1 kNm

Bending moment about y-axis due to load/reaction eccentricity

Moment due to load 2 (y line); My2 = max(0 kNm, wultcorner2  pcorner  (pcorner/2 - xcorner2)) = 0.1 kNm
Total moment about y axis; My = 0.1 kNm

Check top reinforcement in edge beams for load/reaction eccentric moment

Max moment due to load/reaction eccentricity; M = max(Mx, My) = 0.1 kNm
Assume all of this moment is resisted by edge beam
From edge beam design checks away from corners
Moment due to edge beam spanning depression; Medge = 8.6 kNm
Total moment to be resisted; Mcornerbp = M + Medge = 8.7 kNm
Width of section in compression zone; bedgetop = bedge = 300 mm
K factor; Kcornerbp = Mcornerbp/(fcu  bedgetop  dedgetop2) = 0.004
Lever arm; zcornerbp = dedgetop  min(0.95, 0.5 + (0.25 - Kcornerbp/0.9)) = 422 mm
Total area of top steel required; Ascornerbp = Mcornerbp /((1.0/ s)  fy  zcornerbp) = 48 mm2
PASS - Ascornerbp <= Asedgetop - Area of reinforcement provided to resist eccentric moment is adequate
The allowable bearing pressure at the corner will not be exceeded
Corner beam bending check
Cantilever span of edge beam; lcorner = depthick/(2) + dedgetop/2 = 929 mm

Moment and shear due to self weight

Ultimate self weight udl; wedgeult = 1.4  wedge = 7.2 kN/m
Average ultimate slab udl (approx); wcornerslab = max(0 kN/m,1.4wslab(depthick/((2)2)-(bedge+(hedge-hslab)/tan(edge))))
wcornerslab = 0.0 kN/m
Self weight and slab bending moment; Mcornersw = (wedgeult + wcornerslab)  lcorner2/2 = 3.1 kNm
Self weight and slab shear force; Vcornersw = (wedgeult + wcornerslab)  lcorner = 6.7 kN

Moment and shear due to udls

Maximum ultimate udl; wcornerudl = ((1.4wDudl)+(1.6wLudl))  depthick/(2) = 4.6 kN/m
Bending moment; Mcornerudl = wcornerudl  lcorner2/6 = 0.7 kNm
Shear force; Vcornerudl = wcornerudl  lcorner/2 = 2.1 kN

Moment and shear due to line loads in x direction

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Bending moment; Mcornerlinex = wultlinex  lcorner2/2 = 12.6 kNm

Shear force; Vcornerlinex = wultlinex  lcorner = 27.1 kN

Moment and shear due to line loads in y direction

Bending moment; Mcornerliney = wultliney  lcorner2/2 = 6.0 kNm
Shear force; Vcornerliney = wultliney  lcorner = 13.0 kN

Total moments and shears due to point loads

Bending moment about x axis; Mcornerpointx = 0.0 kNm
Bending moment about y axis; Mcornerpointy = 0.0 kNm
Shear force; Vcornerpoint = 0.0 kN
Resultant moments and shears
Total moment about x axis; Mcornerx = Mcornersw+ Mcornerudl+ Mcornerliney+ Mcornerpointx = 9.8 kNm
Total shear force about x axis; Vcornerx = Vcornersw+ Vcornerudl+ Vcornerliney + Vcornerpoint = 21.9 kN
Total moment about y axis; Mcornery = Mcornersw+ Mcornerudl+ Mcornerlinex+ Mcornerpointy = 16.4 kNm
Total shear force about y axis; Vcornery = Vcornersw+ Vcornerudl+ Vcornerlinex + Vcornerpoint = 35.9 kN
Deflection of both edge beams at corner will be the same therefore design for average of these moments and shears
Design bending moment; Mcorner = (Mcornerx + Mcornery)/2 = 13.1 kNm
Design shear force; Vcorner = (Vcornerx + Vcornery)/2 = 28.9 kN

Reinforcement required in top of edge beam

K factor; Kcorner = Mcorner/(fcu  bedgetop  dedgetop2) = 0.006
Lever arm; zcorner = dedgetop  min(0.95, 0.5 + (0.25 - Kcorner/0.9)) = 422 mm
Area of steel required for bending; Ascornerbend = Mcorner/((1.0/ s)  fy  zcorner) = 71 mm2
Minimum area of steel required; Ascornermin = Asedgetopmin = 289 mm2
Area of steel required; Ascorner = max(Ascornerbend, Ascornermin) = 289 mm2
PASS - Ascorner <= Asedgetop - Area of reinforcement provided in top of edge beams at corners is adequate
Corner beam shear check
Average web width; bw = bedge + (hedge/tan(edge))/2 = 444 mm
Applied shear stress; vcorner = Vcorner/(bw  dedgetop) = 0.146 N/mm2
Tension steel ratio; corner = 100  Asedgetop/(bw  dedgetop) = 0.204
From BS8110-1:1997 - Table 3.8
Design concrete shear strength; vccorner = 0.405 N/mm2
vcorner <= vccorner + 0.4N/mm2 - Therefore minimum links required
Link area to spacing ratio required; Asv_upon_svreqcorner = 0.4N/mm2  bw/((1.0/ s)  fys) = 0.409 mm
Link area to spacing ratio provided; Asv_upon_svprovedge = Nedgelinkedgelink2/(4svedge) = 0.670 mm
PASS - Asv_upon_svreqcorner <= Asv_upon_svprovedge - Shear reinforcement provided in edge beams at corners is adequate
Corner beam deflection check
Basic allowable span to depth ratio; Ratiobasiccorner = 7.0
Moment factor; Mfactorcorner = Mcorner/(bedgetop  dedgetop2) = 0.221 N/mm2
Steel service stress; fscorner = 2/3  fy  Ascornerbend/Asedgetop = 59.195 N/mm2
Modification factor; MFcorner=min(2.0,0.55+[(477N/mm2-fscorner)/(120(0.9N/mm2+Mfactorcorner))])
MFcorner = 2.000
Modified allowable span to depth ratio; Ratioallowcorner = Ratiobasiccorner  MFcorner = 14.000
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GP Section Sheet no./rev.

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Actual span to depth ratio; Ratioactualcorner = lcorner/ dedgetop = 2.093

PASS - Ratioactualcorner <= Ratioallowcorner - Edge beam span to depth ratio is adequate

Internal beam design checks

Basic loading
Hardcore; whcorethick =  hcore  hhcorethick = 9.0 kN/m2
Internal beam self weight; wint=24 kN/m3[(hintbint)+(hint-hslab)2/tan(int)+2hslab(hint-hslab)/tan(int)]
wint = 5.6 kN/m
Internal beam load number 1
Load type; Longitudinal line load
Dead load; wDint1 = 24.0 kN/m
Live load; wLint1 = 4.5 kN/m
Ultimate load; wultint1 = 1.4  wDint1 + 1.6  wLint1 = 40.8 kN/m
Longitudinal line load width; bint1 = 124 mm
Centroid of load from centreline of beam; xint1 = 62 mm
Internal beam bearing pressure check
Total uniform load at formation level; wudlint = wDudl+wLudl+whcorethick+24kN/m3hint = 21.7 kN/m2
Sum of factored longitud’l and eff’tive line loads; UDLint = 40.8 kN/m
Sum of unfactored longitud’l and eff’tive line loads; UDLslsint = 28.5 kN/m

Centroid of loads from centreline of internal beam

Load x distance for internal load 1; Momentint1 = wultint1  xint1 = 2.5 kN
Sum of load x distances; Momentint = 2.5 kN
Centroid of loads; xbarint = Momentint/UDLint = 62.0 mm
Moment due to eccentricity to be resisted by slab;
Meccint = UDLint  abs(xbarint) = 2.5 kNm/m
No slab bottom reinforcement therefore moment due to eccentricity is resisted by top steel of slab on one side only
From slab bending check
Moment due to depression under slab (hogging); Me = 10.0 kNm/m
Total moment to be resisted by slab top steel; Mslabtopint = Meccint + Me = 12.6 kNm/m
K factor; Kslabtopint = Mslabtopint/(fcu  dtslabmin2) = 0.033
Lever arm; zslabtopint = dtslabmin  min(0.95, 0.5 + (0.25 - Kslabtopint/0.9)) = 100 mm
Area of steel required; Asslabtopintreq = Mslabtopint/((1.0/ s)  fyslab  zslabtopint) = 289 mm2/m
PASS - Asslabtopintreq <= Asslabtop - Area of reinforcement in top of slab is adequate to transfer moment into slab
Bearing pressure
Allowable bearing width; bbearint = bint + 2  (hint - hslab)/tan(int) = 731 mm
Bearing pressure due to line/point loads; qlinepointint = UDLslsint/bbearint = 39.0 kN/m2
Total applied bearing pressure; qint = qlinepointint + wudlint = 60.6 kN/m2
PASS - qint <= qallow - Allowable bearing pressure is not exceeded
Internal beam bending check
Divider for moments due to udl’s; udl = 10.0
Applied bending moments
Span of internal beam; lint = depthick + dinttop = 1292 mm
Ultimate self weight udl; wintult = 1.4  wint = 7.8 kN/m
 Project Job Ref.

GP Section Sheet no./rev.

10
Calc. by Date Chk'd by Date App'd by Date
D 5/30/2019

Ultimate slab udl (approx); wintslab = max(0 kN/m,1.4wslab((depthick3/4)-(bint+2(hint-hslab)/tan(int))))

wintslab = 0.1 kN/m
Self weight and slab bending moment; Mintsw = (wintult + wintslab)  lint2/udl = 1.3 kNm
Self weight shear force; Vintsw = (wintult + wintslab)  lint/2 = 5.1 kN

Moments due to applied uniformly distributed loads

Ultimate udl (approx); wintudl = wudlult  depthick  3/4 = 4.8 kN/m
Bending moment; Mintudl = wintudl  lint2/udl = 0.8 kNm
Shear force; Vintudl = wintudl  lint/2 = 3.1 kN
Moment and shear due to load number 1
Bending moment; Mint1 = wultint1  lint2/udl = 6.8 kNm
Shear force; Vint1 = wultint1  lint/2 = 26.4 kN

Resultant moments and shears

Total moment (hogging and sagging); Mint = 8.9 kNm
Maximum shear force; Vint = 34.6 kN

Reinforcement required in top

Width of section in compression zone; binttop = bint = 500 mm
Average web width; bwint = bint + hint/tan(int) = 702 mm
K factor; Kinttop = Mint/(fcu  binttop  dinttop2) = 0.006
Lever arm; zinttop = dinttop  min(0.95, 0.5 + (0.25 - Kinttop/0.9)) = 277 mm
Area of steel required for bending; Asinttopbend = Mint/((1.0/ s)  fy  zinttop) = 74 mm2
Minimum area of steel; Asinttopmin = 0.0013  bwint  hint = 319 mm2
Area of steel required; Asinttopreq = max(Asinttopbend, Asinttopmin) = 319 mm2
PASS - Asinttopreq <= Asinttop - Area of reinforcement provided in top of internal beams is adequate
Reinforcement required in bottom
Width of section in compression zone; bintbtm = bint + 2  (hint - hslab)/tan(int) + 0.2  lint = 989 mm
K factor; Kintbtm = Mint/(fcu  bintbtm  dintbtm2) = 0.003
Lever arm; zintbtm = dintbtm  min(0.95, 0.5 + (0.25 - Kintbtm/0.9)) = 289 mm
Area of steel required for bending; Asintbtmbend = Mint/((1.0/ s)  fy  zintbtm) = 71 mm2
Minimum area of steel required; Asintbtmmin = 0.0013  1.0  bwint  hint = 319 mm2
Area of steel required; Asintbtmreq = max(Asintbtmbend, Asintbtmmin) = 319 mm2
PASS - Asintbtmreq <= Asintbtm - Area of reinforcement provided in bottom of internal beams is adequate
Internal beam shear check
Applied shear stress; vint = Vint/(bwint  dinttop) = 0.169 N/mm2
Tension steel ratio; int = 100  Asinttop/(bwint  dinttop) = 0.196
From BS8110-1:1997 - Table 3.8
Design concrete shear strength; vcint = 0.411 N/mm2
vint <= vcint + 0.4N/mm2 - Therefore minimum links required
Link area to spacing ratio required; Asv_upon_svreqint = 0.4N/mm2  bwint/((1.0/ s)  fys) = 0.646 mm
Link area to spacing ratio provided; Asv_upon_svprovint = Nintlinkintlink2/(4svint) = 0.804 mm
PASS - Asv_upon_svreqint <= Asv_upon_svprovint - Shear reinforcement provided in internal beams is adequate